SK5788Y1 - Device for controlled heating of water using photovoltaic panels - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for controlled heating of water using photovoltaic panels, characterized in that it consists of a terminal (X4), which is then connected to live wire DC current (L +), from where it is connected to the contactor (ST) to the input terminal of the switching contacts (1), through the output terminal of the switching contacts (6) contactor (ST) is connected to a spiral (R), the terminal (X5) is connected to a neutral fed DC current (L-), from where it is connected to a spiral (R), the terminal (X1) is then connected to protective earth (PE), which is further connected to a thermostat (T), the terminal (X2) connected with live wire (L), which is further connected to a thermal fuse (TP) and through contact (Y1) of thermal fuse (TP) is further connected to a thermostat (T), and through the normally closed thermostat (T) is also connected to the input (A1) contactor coils (ST), to the terminal (X3) is connected neutral wire (N), which is connected to thermal overload protection (TP) and through contact (Y2) of thermal fuse (TP) is connected to the input (A2) of contactor coils (ST), the output of the contact wire (Y2) thermal fuse (TP) and the output wire from the thermostat (T) is connected to LED diode (LED1) and the input wires to the coil (R) is connected to LED diode (LED2).

Description

Technical field

electrical engineering

Use of direct current from PV panels for water heating in boiler with secured thermal protection and boiler regulation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Photovoltaic panels, using the light from the sun, produce direct current, which is stored in batteries or transformed into an alternating current using an inverter, which is fed into the mains.

The use of photovoltaic panels for water heating in boilers has not been used so far due to the characteristics of direct current, which cannot be connected to the electrical circuit where there are bimetal-type switching or expanding devices. Therefore, it has hitherto not been possible to heat the water directly by connecting the photovoltaic cell and the heating coil via a direct current while maintaining the boiler's safe operation condition.

The essence of the technical solution

The device for the controlled heating of water by means of photovoltaic panels, which is the object of the present invention, has solved the problem of operating safety of the whole system and makes it possible to directly connect the direct current from the panels to the heating coil.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The principle of the invention is the mechanical interconnection of direct current and alternating current in order to heat the water by direct current while ensuring electrical temperature control and safety of the water heating device. The DC circuit provides power utilization of the device. The AC circuit ensures the safety of the device. The circuits are autonomous and not electrically connected. Mechanical interconnection of circuits is provided by a contactor, which is certified for direct current switching.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for the safe heating of water in a boiler by means of (DC) current from photovoltaic panels.

EXAMPLES

Photovoltaic panels, for example 250 W / l panel, are connected in series and create a source of DC current, using 4 panels we get 1 kWh. Use the DC current conductor to connect the PV modules to the boiler, terminals X4 and X5. • Apply the DC current conductor L + to the coil E via the contactor ST and its terminals i and 6. · The neutral DC current conductor L- is fed directly from the terminal to the coil R. The coil power must be the same as the maximum PV module power. The ST contactor must be designed to switch DC current to ensure its safety.

The AC current is connected to the boiler via terminals XI, X2, X3. The phase conductor L is connected via the contact Y1 of the thermal fuse TP and the thermostat T to the terminal A1 of the coil of the contactor ST.

The neutral conductor N is connected through the contact Y2 of the thermal fuse TP to the terminal A2 of the coil of the contactor ST. After the AC current is connected, the contacts of the contactor ST are closed and the DC current heats the coil R.

If the water reaches the temperature set on the thermostat T, the contact opens and the AC power supply to the contactor coil ST is interrupted, which in turn opens the contacts of the contactor ST and the DC power supply to the coil R is interrupted. T is a thermal fuse TP upstream of the thermostat T. which interrupts the supply of AC current to the contactor coil ST after reaching the set temperature. In this way, the heating of the water is ensured when the coil R is connected to the DC current source. Signaling of AC circuit operation is provided by LED LEPÍ and signaling of DC circuit operation is provided by LED diode LED2.

SK 5788 Υ1

Industrial usability

The device solves the safety of direct water heating by direct current using photovoltaic cells. It allows new use of photovoltaic panels. The ease of installation allows the use of such water heating in any family house, housing communities and industry, without interfering with the construction of buildings. It is designed to preheat water, which in case of low intensity of the sun heats to the required temperature gas boiler or other heat source. If the sun is good, there is no need to water up. However, the DC current source must be properly dimensioned to the boiler volume. The ideal power-to-investment ratio is 1 kWhDC = 100L boiler.

Return on investment 2-5 years is very effective, while the estimated life of panels is min. 25 years.

The device for controlled water heating by means of photovoltaic panels makes it possible to safely produce environmentally clean energy by using solar radiation.

Claims (1)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Apparatus for controlled water heating by photovoltaic panels, characterized in that it consists of a terminal (X4) to which the DC current conductor (L +) is fed, from which it is connected to the contactor (ST), to the input terminal of the switching contacts (1). , the output terminal of the NO contacts (6) of the contactor (ST) is connected to the coil (R), the terminal (X5) is connected to the neutral DC current conductor (L-) from where it is connected to the coil (R) a protective conductor (PE) is connected, which is further connected to the thermostat (T), a phase conductor (L) is connected to the terminal (X2), which is further connected to the thermal fuse (TP) and via a break contact (Yl) (TP) is further connected to thermostat (T) and via thermostat break contact (T) is further connected to input (A1) of contactor coil (ST), to terminal (X3) is connected neutral wire (N) to which it is connected the thermal fuse (TP) and through the break contact (Y2) of the thermal fuse (TP) is p connected to the input (A2) of the contactor coil (ST), the output conductor from the contact (Y2) of the thermal fuse (TP) and the output conductor from the thermostat (T) are connected to LED (LED1) and to the input conductors to the coil (R) the LED (LED2) is connected.