SK50742010U1 - Variable ram of compacting device - Google Patents

Abstract

Variable ram of compacting device, particularly for the production of optimal compacts from a bulk organic and/or an inorganic material or a mixture consisting of a cylindrical or n-angle body (1) of the ram from the tough and the solid steel, in a front of which is fitted a removable attachment (2) from the quality steel with a chemical or a chemical-thermal working of a surface or a surface coating, which is anchored by the cylindrical or the n-angle body (1) of the ram directly or through an inlet (3) with a Morse taper, whereby the front of the removable attachment (2) is formed in the plane or convex, and/or concave surface.

Description

Variable piston of compaction machine

Technical field

The technical solution relates to the construction of a variable piston of a compaction machine, in particular for compacting compacts from a bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mixture. The technical solution belongs to the area of compacting of bulk materials of organic and inorganic origin.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Compaction of bulk materials and especially wastes has been known for more than 130 years. Wooden briquettes were used in the US 75 years ago. A common feature of all compaction technologies is the pressing of material at high pressure. A suitably selected pressure and temperature are necessary conditions for the compacted material to be compact even without binder after compression. Another condition is the permissible moisture of the compacted waste at the inlet.

Briquetting is a progressive method of compacting crushed and dried wood material, in particular, at a very high pressure. The piston briquetting press is known. The material is fed into the bale chamber via a conical hopper with a screw and then forced through the nozzle under high pressure. The nozzle is made of wear-resistant, hardened and high-strength steel and has a conical bore. The temperature resulting from the compression of the bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mixture is 120 to 160 ° C with an inlet maximum humidity of 18%.

The pressing nozzle and the piston of the compaction machine are the most stressed components of the technological equipment. When entering the bale chamber at the leading edge of the bale chamber, the piston often shears the injected feedstock material, which partially enters the bale chamber at the inlet of the bale chamber, thereby largely worn the leading edge of the piston due to increased friction, which is rounded but also wears the inlet part of the pressing chamber or the nozzle. The reason for the high wear of the functional parts can also be the compacting of highly abrasive materials, resp. substances containing solid hard parts. The starting material may be different fractions of particulate matter.

Replacing a worn piston is economically demanding due to its high cost.

Another drawback of the existing pistons of the press machines is the shape of their face. The straight faces of the pistons do not ensure sufficient binding of the pressure with the following pressure, resulting in compacts of short lengths given by the stroke of the pressing piston and the material filling ratio. The stampings are further crushed during packaging and transport.

Due to the persistent problems with the pistons in the prior art compaction machine structures, there has been room for creating a piston-to-compaction machine structure that would provide higher quality moldings in particular in terms of length and joining of individual presses into cohesive moldings as well as greater piston life and variability. various types of compacted materials.

As a result of this effort, the construction of a variable ram of a compaction machine is described, particularly in the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mixture in the present utility model.

The essence of the technical solution

The above drawbacks are overcome by the construction of a variable ram of the compaction machine, in particular in the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mix according to the present invention. The essence of the technical solution consists in that it consists of a cylindrical or n-angular piston body of tough and solid steel, which is equipped with a replaceable high-quality steel extension with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating anchored into a cylindrical or n - of the rectangular piston body directly or through the insert with morse-cone. The face of the replaceable extension is formed into a convex and / or concave surface or part of a planar surface.

There are embodiments of a variable ram of a compaction machine in which the replaceable attachment is directly anchored into the cylindrical or angular body of the piston is an essential feature of the solution that the replaceable attachment has a cylindrical guide shoulder having a thread on the tapered portion. The interchangeable adapter, with its cylindrical guide shoulder, fits into the cylindrical guide shoulder in the piston body and is screwed into its threaded hole in the piston body with its threaded tapered portion. The face of the replaceable extension has at least two mounting holes.

It is possible to realize a variable piston of a compaction machine in which the interchangeable attachment is directly anchored in the cylindrical or n-angled piston body is an essential feature of the solution that the interchangeable attachment has a fitting hole for a fitting screw head with an Allen head. In this case, the fitting screw extends into the fitting hole and the threaded hole in the piston body.

It is also possible to realize a variable piston of a compaction machine in which the interchangeable adapter is anchored in the cylindrical or angular body of the piston through a Morse-cone insert is an essential feature of the solution that the interchangeable adapter has a guide shoulder which intersects with threaded holes in the morse-cone insert.

A particularly significant feature of the variable piston of the compaction machine according to this utility model is the solution wherein the face of the interchangeable extension is formed into a central concave surface that extends into a continuous annular convex face at the peripheral edge portion of the interchangeable extension. mounting holes with nose screws.

Alternatively, the variable piston of the compaction machine may also be designed such that the interchangeable extension is provided with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of the cylindrical body of the piston or the insert with the morphic cone.

Another alternative to the variable piston of the compaction machine may be a solution where the replaceable extension and the face of the cylindrical or n-angled piston body and / or the insert with the mica-gelatin is covered with a high-grade steel housing with chemical or chemical heat treatment or surface coating. a thread which fits into the external thread of the interchangeable extension and into the cylindrical or rectangular body of the piston and / or the insert with a morph-cone.

For all embodiments of the variable piston compacting machine solution, it is advantageous if the cylindrical or n-angled piston body has at least two mounting tangential faces and / or a transverse passageway for a discharge cone with a morphonic taper. To prolong the life of the variable piston of the compaction machine, it is advisable to cover the face of the interchangeable extension with a hard chrome shell.

The advantages of the design of the variable piston of the compaction machine, in particular for the molding of compacted organic and / or inorganic feedstocks or feedstock mixes according to the invention, are evident from its external effects. The variable piston of the compaction machine according to the technical solution is made of two types of steel. The piston body itself is made of tough and solid steel, thereby absorbing the axial forces occurring during pressing. A high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or surface coating is made of an extension, which thus more resistant to abrasion stress with the pressed material during pressing and in particular more resistant to abrasion stress. This saves high-quality steel, because it only makes attachments but not the entire piston.

Due to a suitable combination of concentric concave and convex face of the stem extension, wear and tear of the stem extension is prolonged.

Shaping the top face with a rugged pressing surface, sharp protrusions on the top of the piston, and a sharp edge along the periphery of the piston face results in good separation of the molded material for the individual presses, more thorough locking of the subsequent individual presses in the molding required length, strength and quality. This achieves a longer burning time and the moldings do not disintegrate and do not crush during handling.

The end face shaping gives the entire compaction machine versatility, because the variation of the end face shape of the piston can handle different types of molded materials. A simple replacement of the piston extensions is sufficient.

Disassembly of a worn piston or only a piston and subsequent assembly is easy, as individual operations can also be carried out outside the compaction machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The construction of the variable piston of a compaction machine for compacting compacts of loose organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mixture according to the invention will be explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows in its side section its optimal solution. In FIG. 2 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body. In FIG. 3 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body by means of an Allen screw. In FIG. 4 shows a side view of its alternative solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body. In FIG. 5 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter and the piston body into the housing.

Examples of technical solution

It is understood that the individual embodiments of the utility model are presented for illustration and not as limitations of the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art will find, or will be able to ascertain, using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to specific utility model embodiments specifically described herein. Such equivalents will also fall within the scope of the following protection claims. For those skilled in the art, the dimensioning of such a device and the appropriate selection of its materials and construction arrangements cannot be a problem, therefore these features have not been solved in detail.

Example 1

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, an optimum constructional solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine shown in FIG. 1. The variable piston of a compaction machine according to the invention consists of a cylindrical piston body 1 of tough and solid steel. The removable extension 2 is anchored to the cylindrical body 1 of the piston through the morse-cone insert 3 so that the removable extension 2 has a guide shoulder 4 which by its tapered threaded diameter extends into the threaded hole in the morse-cone insert 3. Only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or surface coating. The piston cylindrical body 1 has in its rear part of the housing two mounting opposite tangential faces 7 and a transverse passage groove 8 for discharging the Morse-cone insert 3 when replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface. the circumferential edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 extends into a continuous annular convex surface. There are two mounting holes 5 with nose screws 6 in the part of the continuous annular convex surface. In order to extend the life of the variable piston of the compaction machine, the face of the replaceable extension 2 may be covered with a hard chrome layer. Alternatively, a hexagonal cross-sectional piston may be used.

Example 2

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, a first structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 2. The variable piston of the compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body 1 of tough and solid steel. A replaceable extension 2 is directly anchored to the piston body 1 so that the replaceable extension 2 has a cylindrical guide shoulder 4 that fits into the shoulder in the piston body 1. The cylindrical guide shoulder 4 of the replaceable extension 2 passes into the threaded portion by which the replaceable extension 2 is screwed into the cylindrical body 1 of the piston. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is formed into broken, not shown sharp projections. At the same time, the face of the replaceable extension 2 has two front mounting holes 5. Only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or coated. The piston rod body 1 has in its rear part of the housing four mounting opposite tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 can be n-angled.

Example 3

In this example of a particular embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, a second structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 3 The variable piston of a compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body 1 of tough and solid steel. A replaceable attachment 2 is directly anchored to the piston body 7 so that the replaceable attachment 2 has a fitting hole for the fitting screw 9. In this connection, the fitting screw 9 extends into the guide shoulder 4, which passes into the threaded hole in the piston body 7. The face of the replaceable extension 2 has a substantially hexagonal allen hole in the head of the fitting screw 9. The peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 has a planar surface. Also, only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or coated. The piston rod body 1 has at its rear part of the housing four mounting opposing tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 can be angular.

Example 4

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, a third structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 4. The variable piston of the compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body 1 of tough and solid steel. A replaceable extension 2 is directly anchored to the piston cylinder body 1 such that the replaceable extension 2 is provided with an internal thread which fits into the outer thread of the piston cylinder body 1 by means of a guide shoulder 4. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface. the edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 extends into a continuous planar surface. Alternatively, the face of the replaceable extension 2 is formed into a central convex surface that extends into a continuous planar surface at the peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2. Also, only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or coated. The piston rod body 1 has in its rear part of the housing four mounting opposite tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 can be n-angled.

Example 5

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, a fourth structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 5. The variable piston of the compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body 1 of tough and resilient steel. The replaceable extension 2 and the front part of the piston barrel 1 are covered by a high-quality steel or chemical-heat treated steel casing 10 or coated with an internal thread that fits into the outer thread of the replaceable extension 2 and the piston cylinder 1. In this case, the front part of the piston barrel 1 is provided with a guide shoulder 4. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface, which in the peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 passes into a continuous planar surface. Also the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or coated. The piston rod body 1 has in its rear part of the housing four mounting opposing tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension piece 2. In a variant solution of this example too, the piston body J can be n-angled.

Industrial usability

The variable piston of a compacting machine for compacting compacts from loose organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mix finds utility in industry, agriculture, food and wherever there is a need to process the bulk form material of different fractions into compacts.

Claims (9)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Variable piston of a compaction machine, in particular for the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic raw material or a raw material mixture, characterized in that it consists of a cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of a tough and rigid steel piston at its head replaceable extension (2) of high-quality steel with chemical or chemical-heat treatment of the surface or surface coating, which is anchored in the cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of the piston directly or through the insert (3) with morse-cone. ) is formed into a planar or convex and / or concave surface. A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) directly anchored to the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) has a cylindrical guide shoulder (4) which fits into a blind hole in the piston body (1) wherein the face of the replaceable extension (2) has at least two mounting holes (5). A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) directly anchored into the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) has a fitting hole for the fitting screw, wherein the fitting screw (§) extends into the threaded hole. in the piston body (1). A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) is anchored via the cross-cone insert (3) to the cylindrical or angular piston body (1) such that the replaceable extension (2) has a guide a shoulder (4) which, with its tapered diameter provided with a thread, extends into the threaded hole in the insert (3) with the geogrid. Y / A compaction piston according to claim 4, characterized in that the face of the interchangeable extension (2) is formed into a central concave surface which, at the peripheral edge portion of the face of the interchangeable extension (2), passes into a continuous annular convex surface, an annular convex surface there are two mounting holes (5) with bolts (6) with a nose. A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) is provided with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of the cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of the piston or insert (3). with morse-cone. A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) and the front part of the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) and / or the insert (3) with the cross-cone is Covered with a high-grade steel housing (10) with chemical or chemical heat treatment or surface coating provided with an internal thread that fits into the external thread of the interchangeable extension (2) and the cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of the piston and / or liner ( 3) with a morse-cone. A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cylindrical or n-angle piston body (1) has at least two mounting tangential faces (7) and / or a transverse passage groove (8). A compaction piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the face of the replaceable extension (2) can be coated with a hard abrasion-resistant layer.