SK50462014A3 - Method of hoof trimming of ungulates by a liquid jet - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of removing the ungulates by the liquid jet is characterized by a sequence of steps consisting in stabilizing the hoof with hoofed hoof in the clamping device and / or cage, optionally in the hoof and hoof hoof by pressurized fluid, optionally preferably in the physical diagnosis of hoof and hoof with the determination of the hoof-hoof interface, targeting the cutting plane in the area between the hoof and hoof interface, separating the hoof hoof with a liquid jet of the veterinary cutting assembly in the air or liquid environment in the cutting plane by the action of a pressure fluid beam with a working pressure of 120 to 250 MPa and a pressure fluid flow of 4 to 15 l / min s with a fluid jet beam speed of 10 to 220 mm / min, while the pressure fluid jet thickness is 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The pressurized fluid is water, or the water may be supplemented with an abrasive and / or disinfectant and / or medical device.

Description

Method of hoofing of ungulates by liquid ray

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for breeding ungulates, in particular livestock, by means of a veterinary cutting assembly for liquid-ray cutting. The invention falls within the field of veterinary technical equipment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is apparent from the biomechanics of animal movement that the forelimbs carry the weight of the animal more flexibly than the hind limbs. The forelimbs also “handle” more load than the hind limbs. A study of hind limb movement revealed that a large amount of weight was shifting from foot to foot, even when the animal was standing still. There would be no problem if the weight was shifted evenly to both feet (inner and outer). The fact is, however, that the outer hoof is heavier than the inner hoof. When comparing the size and surface of hooves bearing the weight of the animal (they must be able to carry 600 to 700 kg of live matter), the outer hoof is larger and more even. The corner foot of the inner hoof has a sharper angle and slope, providing little stability, especially when the animal is housed on a hard concrete surface, as is common in most current breeds. The outer hoof must compensate for this disproportion by a higher load and wears out rather than the inner one. The living tissue reacts with increased horn production and the outer hoof is subsequently overloaded. When walking, deformation occurs within the hoof. The pincushion bone transfers the weight of the animal (cow) to the dermis (living tissue) and then to the horn. Between the hoof bone and the cleft is a heel. a cushion that absorbs movement shocks. Normally, the shock is absorbed sufficiently and the animal moves comfortably, but if the corner foot is too thick, the heel cannot absorb the shock adequately. Therefore, pseudopithic bone often hits the dermis so hard that it tears the blood capillaries and creates a blood bruise in the corner of the foot. If the hoof is not treated, the defect continues to cause very serious damage to the formation of the horn and a very painful wound is formed. In better cases, the problem is created

The wound (ulcer) can be treated by relieving the affected outer hoof by means of a “block”. Depending on the degree of consequences of neglected hooves, yields for dairy cows are reduced by 5% to 50%. Severe painful consequences result in a daily loss of up to 1 kg of dairy cow weight. On further neglect, the affected cows experience serious overall health problems, significant weight loss, cessation of milk production and the consequent decommissioning. A large number of dairy cows have seen a significant overgrowth of the hoof horn as early as six months after the last treatment, due to the fact that the horn production is higher than the possibility of its natural abrasion. Overgrown hooves cause the development of a large number of painful diseases, not only on the hooves. They are an immediate cause of many acute and chronic aseptic inflammations of the cervix. Indirectly, they cause the development of Rusterholz's ulcer, rot and crooked hooves, causing the foot to relax. The whole situation can be successfully prevented by adequate shortening of the front wall of the hooves to about 7.5 cm and especially by correct adjustment of the thickness of the outer hoof, which will ensure a uniform load on both hooves. Such an approach is effective against the formation of corner ulcers.

The current way of carrying out the screening process does not comply with the principles laid down for farm animal welfare. During the treatment the animals are stressed, with frequent occurrence of infections (the cost of their subsequent treatment), which reflects their productivity (less milk yield, the need for early exclusion, etc.) and hence the overall economy of the breed. In the prior art, only manual methods of shaving using manual manual cutting tools or electric cutting and grinding tools are known. Mechanical removal of the horn portions on ungulates is also known, as described in WO 9107259 A1. However, these manual and mechanical methods do not ensure sufficient determination of the interface between the live soft tissue hoof bone and the horn hoof itself. The diagnosis of the last is based only on a visual assessment of the condition of the last. It is basically a strongly subjective factor that causes frequent damage to soft tissues on the hoof bone. Such exposed soft tissues are susceptible to infections, the treatment of which is lengthy and often leads to forced decommissioning to slaughterhouses.

Page 2 of 15

Removal of pathogenic soft tissues and hard materials is a common surgical procedure on the human body or in the human body. These procedures are commonly performed by conventional cutting or cutting tools such as e.g. scalpel, saw, chisel and the like.

Methods for surface application and disruption of tissues and hard materials using a pressurized gaseous medium with the application of abrasive materials are already known, as described e.g. in documents WO 2013164409 A1 with a pressure of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa, US 2759266 A, US 2002123020, which is used in particular in the dental field.

It is also known to break down both tissues and hard materials by means of a pressurized liquid medium with the application of abrasive materials, as described e.g. in EP 1676535 A1, where pressures of the working medium of about 60 to 130 MPa are used.

Article 13 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union recognizes animals as sentient beings and requires maximum consideration of animal welfare requirements in the formulation and enforcement of certain EU policies. Various horizontal animal welfare aspects are covered by the horizontal Council Directive 98/58 / EC of 20 July 1998 on the protection of animals kept for farming purposes (OJ L 221, 8.8.1998, p. 23). The present Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council and the Economic and Social Committee on the European Union Strategy for the Protection and Welfare of Animals 2012-2015 (source: COM (2012) 6 final / 2, Brussels, 15.2.2012) EU action lines for the next four years of the lessons learned from the 2006-2010 Action Plan, making use of the scientific and technological advances made to reconcile animal welfare with economic reality in implementing the current legal provisions. This strategy is a follow-up to the Action Plan as recommended by most of the stakeholders and the European Parliament consulted. Livestock farming in the EU is an annual value of EUR 149 billion and the annual value of the use of experimental animals is estimated at EUR 930 million.

From an economic point of view, healthy hooves have a significant economic effect. This effect may be direct due to the loss of the animal, or indirect due to reduced milk production. Based on a simple calculation using weight (10 000 kg / dairy cow / year) and disease incidence, 40% represent the cost of

Page 3 of 15 disease of 1.4 cents / kg. With a herd size of 150 cows, losses are more than 20,000 euros. Losses per year in the EU: EUR 1.650.000.000 (source: RESZLER, H .: Das A und O einer erfolgreichen funktionellen Klauenpflege. Available at: www.klauenpfleqe.de).

Due to the persistent problems with the current ways of carrying out the hoofing process of the ungulates, there is a societal need to improve or eliminate the adverse effects arising from the current hoofing process. It is a requirement for technology designed with regard to animal welfare. As a result, the method of hoofing of ungulates and the apparatus are described. In the proposed method, it is proposed to work with a veterinary cutting assembly for liquid-beam cutting in the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has been found that the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the method of hoofing of ungulates, as well as by the veterinary cutting assembly for liquid-jet cutting according to the invention. For the purposes of the present invention, it should be understood that the term "ungulates" refers to animals having hooves from the livestock and wild animals group. The process according to the invention of the hoofing of ungulates consists of the following sequence of steps:

- stabilization of the hoof hoof in the clamping device and / or cage,

- pressure fluid cleaning of hoof and hoof hooves,

- the physical diagnosis of the hoof and hoof, specifying the interface between the hoof and the hoof,

- alignment of the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof,

- separating the hoof from the hoof by a liquid beam in an air or liquid medium in the cutting plane by a pressure liquid beam having a working pressure of 120 to 250 MPa and a pressure liquid flow rate of 4 to 15 l / min with a pressure liquid beam travel of 10 to 220 mm / min; the thickness of the pressure fluid beam is 0.5 to 1.0 mm.

Page 4 of 15

In the hoofing method of the ungulates of the invention, at least three steps of the above sequence of steps are inevitable. This is the initial step of stabilizing the lower leg with the hoof hoof in the clamping device or cage. Further, it is a step of aligning the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof. This step may be carried out, for example, by means of a laser beam or this step may be carried out by a liquid beam having a pressure of less than 120 MPa. Pressures of, for example, 20 to 60 MPa can be used. Finally, it is the final step of separating the hoof from the hoof by a liquid beam. Between the initial step and the step of aligning the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof, a hoof and hoof cleaning step may be included with a pressure fluid jet having a cleaning pressure substantially less than 120 MPa. Pressures of, for example, 5 to 10 MPa can be used. Then it is possible to add a disinfectant to the water. In the case of sufficient purity to hoof ungulates, this step can be omitted. Or, between the initial step and the cutting plane alignment step in the interface between the hoof and the hoof, a step consisting in the physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof may be included based, for example, on ultrasonic or infrared or X-ray or X-ray or electromagnetic wines from the spectrum and other appropriate physical methods material diagnostics. A useful output for physical diagnostics is to determine the interface between the hoof and the hoof. If the physical diagnostics were not performed as described above, the determination of the hoof / hoof interface would only be based on practical experience and visual assessment directly by the surgeon or assistant.

The availability and possibilities of the technical means by which the hoofing method of the invention is carried out make it possible to perform a physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof and to determine the interface between the hoof and the hoof in one common step. Or it may be to merge the physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof, to determine the interface between the hoof and the hoof, and to focus the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof in one common step.

However, the possibilities of the invention are such that from the full sequence of five steps only three basic steps are used, or four steps are used, or all five steps are used.

Page 5 of 15

The liquid beam medium is preferably water or water with an abrasive substance, or water containing analgesics, medicaments, tranquillizers and other suitable medical devices.

The table below shows the parameters of the water jet cutting method in thirteen measurements: working water pressure, displacement speed of the applicator with the nozzle, displacement indicator, real water flow through the nozzle. Waterjet cutting was performed on bovine hooves, where the hoof parameters were characterized by the cut thickness, length and depth of cut. The achieved cutting time is derived from these parameters.

table

Number measurement working pressure [MPa] indicator feed speed feed calculated [Mm / min] flow real [L / min] Time cutting W thickness coupon [Mm] length cut [Mm] The depth cut [Mm] 1 220 30 90 10.97 26.9 11 40.3 27.2 2 220 40 82 10.97 34.3 5 47.1 80.7 3 220 50 112 10.97 26.6 8 49.7 40.8 4 220 60 195 10.97 12.5 15 40.7 28.5 5 220 60 211 10.97 14.1 2.5 49.7 84.1 6 220 70 230 10.97 12.2 10 46.8 42.9 7 180 40 73 9.1 46.3 9 56.2 96.1 WITH 150 30 17 8.3 120.24 12 33.3 21.9 9 150 40 70 8.3 51.9 12 61 78.2 10 150 50 184 8.3 15.2 11 46.6 35.7 11 120 30 34 7.5 120.07 9 67.1 98.7 12 120 30 15 7.5 13 8 32.8 18.9 13 120 40 64 7.5 52.9 7 56.8 84.2

The advantages of the method of hoofing ungulates using the veterinary liquid-ray cutting assembly of the invention are that the liquid-ray technology has many advantages, some of which are not provided by any other technology. There is no thermal influence of the tissue; cold cut, which does not overheat the limb, the animal is not exposed

The pain (whether during the procedure itself or pain caused by overgrown or otherwise damaged hooves) is not stressed, which in turn affects its milk yield. As a result of minimal cutting forces, a complete ungulate restraint is not needed - welfare increases. There is the possibility of a fully automated process resulting in less labor, without the need for heavy physical work to ensure the care of the hoof animals. The sterility of the whole process and high energy efficiency of approx. 85%. It is possible to clean the site of the procedure before the incision is made - if necessary, it is possible to treat the damaged, infected (painful) site before the procedure. The hoof disinfection can be performed directly during the procedure - a disinfectant can be added to the liquid. Shoe care can be more intensive, as it can be done more frequently, compared to the current state, where the treatment is done twice a year, which is physically and time consuming. This increases the wellfare of the animals. It is a time-saving technology compared to the current state in the care of animal hooves, the time required for one cut is approx. 12 sec to 2 min. It is also possible to use other working fluid containing (eg analgesics, medicaments, soothing agents and others). It is environmentally friendly technology because it does not generate any additional waste or pollution, as the working medium is water. The cutting edges do not exhibit thermal and mechanical deformation and the cutting process is dust-free without the formation of gases and vapors as is the case with the mechanical cutting method (burning odor). Several water jet nozzles or abrasive jet nozzles can be supplied simultaneously by a single high-pressure pump. The service life of liquid nozzles is approx. 1000 hours and abrasive nozzle life approx. 500 hours. The possibility of cutting even under the water surface is given. Cutting is possible without restriction in all directions, contours of shapes and bevels. Exceptional operating reliability and ease of operation are guaranteed. By changing the pressure, the material can be rinsed, sprayed, cleaned and cut within a few seconds. High flexibility is given, even with complex cutting geometries.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The method of hoofing ungulates using a veterinary liquid-ray cutting assembly according to the invention will be further explained in Fig. 1, where the configuration of a portion of the veterinary cutting assembly for hoofing and clamping the ungulate leg with the jet of pressure fluid is shown.

Page 7 of 15

It is to be understood that individual embodiments of the invention are presented for illustration and not as limitations of the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art will find or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation many equivalents to specific embodiments of the invention. Such equivalents will also fall within the scope of the following protection claims. For those skilled in the art, the dimensioning of such a device and the appropriate selection of its materials and construction arrangements cannot be a problem, therefore these features have not been solved in detail.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

In this example, a method for screening ungulates of bovine animals according to the invention using a veterinary liquid ray cutting assembly in an air environment according to all five steps of the method is described. In the attached table, this is a cutting with a measurement number 6. The liquid-jet cutting assembly comprises a pressurized fluid source (not shown) and an applicator 2 terminated by a nozzle 3 with a pressurized-fluid jet thickness of 0.7 mm as shown in FIG. Before cutting the hoof 4 from the hoof, the lower part of the foot with the hoof hoof is stabilized in the clamping device 1 and the hoof 4 is cleaned with a pressure liquid-water jet 5 with a cleaning pressure of 7 MPa. Alternatively, a disinfectant is added to the water. The physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof is performed on the basis of ultrasonic wines of a suitable physical method of material diagnostics and the interface between the hoof and the hoof is determined. Subsequently, the cutting plane is aimed at a pressure of 25 MPa. Alternatively, the aiming is performed by laser. Subsequently, the hoof 4 is separated from the hoof in the cutting plane by the action of a pressurized liquid-water jet 5 at a working pressure of 220 MPa and a pressurized liquid flow rate of 10.97 l / min. The feed rate of the pressure fluid jet 5 is 230 mm / min. Alternatively, an abrasive is added to the water. A subsequent result was achieved. The hoof thickness with a 10 mm trim thickness was removed. The length of the incision at the foot was 46.8 mm and the depth of the incision at the foot was 42.9 mm. Cutting time was

12,2 sec. An alternative of the clamping device 5 is a cage which serves to stabilize the animal, i. immobilize at least his legs and dig.

Page 8 of 15

Example 2

In this example, a method of breeding ungulates of sheep according to the invention is described using a veterinary cutting assembly for liquid ray cutting in an air environment according to all five steps of the method. In the enclosed table, this is a cutting with a measurement number 12. The liquid-jet cutting assembly comprises a pressurized fluid source (not shown) and an applicator 2 terminated by a nozzle 3 having a pressurized-fluid jet thickness of 0.5 mm as shown in FIG. Before cutting the hoof 4 from the hoof, the lower leg with the hoof of the sheep is stabilized in the clamping device 1 and the hoof 4 is cleaned with a pressure liquid-water jet 5 with a cleaning pressure of 2 MPa. Alternatively, a disinfectant is added to the water. The physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof is performed on the basis of ultrasonic or electromagnetic wines of a suitable physical method of material diagnostics and the interface between the hoof and the hoof is determined. Subsequently, the cutting plane is aimed at a pressure of 12 MPa. Alternatively, the aiming is performed by laser. Subsequently, the hoof 4 is separated from the hoof in the cutting plane by the action of a pressurized liquid-water jet 5 at a working pressure of 120 MPa and a pressurized liquid flow rate of 7.5 l / min. The feed rate of the pressure fluid jet 5 is 15 mm / min. Alternatively, an abrasive is added to the water. A subsequent result was achieved. The claw thickness of 8 mm cut thickness was removed. The length of the cut on the hoof was 32.8 mm and the depth of the cut on the hoof was 18.9 mm. The cutting time was 13.0 sec.

Example 3

In this example, a method of hoofing bovine ungulates according to the invention using a veterinary fluid jet cutting assembly in an aqueous environment according to all five process steps is described. In the attached table, this is a cutting with a measurement number 8. The liquid cutting veterinary cutting assembly consists of a pressure fluid source (not shown) and an applicator 2 terminated by a nozzle 3 with a pressure fluid beam thickness of 0.8 mm as shown in FIG. Before cutting the hoof 4 from the hoof, the lower leg with the hoof of the sheep is stabilized in the clamping device 1 and the hoof 4 is cleaned with a pressure liquid-water jet 5 with a cleaning pressure of 3 MPa. Alternatively, a disinfectant is added to the water. Subsequently, physical diagnostics is performed

The hoof and hoof are based on ultrasonic wines of a suitable physical method of material diagnostics and the interface between hoof and hoof is determined. Subsequently, the cutting plane is aimed at a pressure of 60 MPa. Alternatively, the aiming is performed by laser. Subsequently, the hoof 4 is separated from the hoof in the cutting plane by the action of a pressurized liquid-water jet 5 at a working pressure of 150 MPa and a pressurized liquid flow rate of 8.3 l / min. The feed rate of the pressure fluid jet 5 is 17 mm / min. Alternatively, an abrasive is added to the water. A subsequent result was achieved. The hoof thickness with a 12 mm trim thickness was removed. The length of the incision at the foot was 33.3 mm and the depth of the incision at the foot was 21.9 mm. The cutting time was 120.24 sec.

Example 4

In this example, a method of breeding bovine ungulates according to the invention is described, for example, using a veterinary liquid beam cutting assembly in an air environment according to only three process steps.

In the attached table, this is a cutting with a measurement number of 6, as described in Example 1. The difference is that the cleaning step is excluded with respect to a long-term dry environment. It also excludes the step of physical diagnosis of hoof and hoof due to the unavailability of technical diagnostic equipment. The determination of the interface between the hoof and the hoof is only performed visually by the operator, i.e. non-technical means.

Example 5

In this example, a method for breeding bovine ungulates according to the invention is described using a veterinary liquid ray cutting assembly in an air environment according to only four process steps.

In the attached table, this is a cutting with a measurement number of 6 as described in Example 1. The difference is that the step of physical diagnosis of the hoof and hoof is excluded due to the unavailability of technical diagnostic equipment. The determination of the interface between the hoof and the hoof is only performed visually by the operator, i.e. non-technical means.

Page 10 of 15

Industrial usability

The method of hoofing ungulates using a veterinary liquid-ray cutting assembly according to the invention has utility in veterinary medicine. The subject matter of the patent can be applied in a wide scope, due to the mobility, flexibility and variability of the equipment directly in the field, namely in agricultural cooperatives with cattle breeding regardless of whether it is a dairy breed (such as Holstein cattle), combined breed ( such as Pinzgau cattle) or meat cattle (such as Limousin cattle); in agricultural cooperatives with sheep, goat or mixed livestock farming; in breeding stations of livestock, sheep and goats; at shepherds or breeding stations of ungulates and ungulates; in zoos; in livestock breeders; in protected breeding stations.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A method of hoofing ungulates by a liquid beam, characterized by the following sequence of steps: - stabilization of the hoof hoof in the clamping device and / or cage, - alignment of the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof, - separating the hoof from the hoof by a liquid beam in an air or liquid medium in the cutting plane by a pressure liquid beam having a working pressure of 120 to 250 MPa and a pressure liquid flow rate of 4 to 15 l / min with a pressure liquid beam travel of 10 to 220 mm / min; the thickness of the pressure fluid beam is 0.5 to 1.0 mm. 2. A liquid beam hoofing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of stabilizing the hoof hoof hoof is followed by a step of cleaning the hoof and hoof hoof with a pressurized liquid. 3. The liquid beam hoofing method of claim 2, wherein the pressure fluid jet has a cleaning pressure substantially less than 120 MPa for hoof and hoof hoof cleaning. A liquid-beam hoofing method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a step of physically diagnosing the hoof and the hoof is performed prior to the step of aligning the cutting plane at the hoof-hoof interface area, determining the hoof-hoof interface. A liquid-beam hoofing method according to at least one of claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the physical diagnosis of the hoof and the hoof is based on x-ray or ultrasound. 6. The liquid beam hoofing method according to claim 1, wherein the focusing of the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof is laser-based. Page 12 of 15 A liquid-beam hoofing method according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the pressure-fluid jet has a aiming pressure of less than 120 MPa for aligning the cutting plane at the interface between the hoof and the hoof. 8. A liquid-beam hoofing method according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized liquid is water. 9. The liquid-beam hoofing method of claim 1, wherein the pressurized liquid is water with an abrasive material. A liquid-beam hoofing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressurized liquid is water containing a disinfectant and / or medical device. The method of hoofing ungulates by a liquid beam according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the separation of the hoof from the hoof is performed by a liquid beam from a veterinary cutting assembly.