SK50272008A3 - Wind power plant with horizontal rotation axis of turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind power plant consists of one or more basic modules (100) that are cascaded by hanging in the entire area (400) of the terrain roughness by anchoring the suspension rope system (103) to it side walls. Power Plant Basic Module (100) consists of two separate power generators (300) on the annular rotors (310) of which they are fixed two separate counter-rotating wind turbines, each of which the turbine (201, 202) has at least two or more sheets (210) in the form of a profile grille provided with an aerodynamic pair domains (215, 216) whose bearing surfaces they are formed as two parallel extended profiles with rectangular cross-section. Modified leaf designs (210) axial turbines (201, 202) are formed as controlled air circulation segments, of which some are equipped with aerodynamic domains (215, 216). Parallel aerodynamic domains (215, 216) Individual Segments (213, 214) with controlled airflow circulation are independently adjustable around the longitudinal axis of the segments.

Description

Wind turbine with horizontal axis of turbine rotation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a new concept for a modular wind power plant utilizing the ductile wind power to directly drive counter-rotating electric generators via an axial wind turbine with a new blade design that can be installed in a new way across significant terrain breaks such as canyons or fjords building interventions into the country.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The wind turbines on the masts have undergone dynamic development and a high degree of excellence in the last decade. Wind energy has become an energy security icon. Thus, clean, cost-effective, renewable and immediately available wind energy has become an essential tool to address the consequences of climate change as well as the growing electricity needs in the world.

On the other hand, known designs of wind power plants do not allow their efficiency to increase without a fundamental change in the concept of whole units. The main problem of the current large-scale fields with classic wind power plants is, besides their construction and investment intensity, their impact on the environment and landscape change. A significant technical problem is the fluctuation of the wind flow and thus the usability of their energy potential over time. These already chronic shortcomings of known wind power solutions are largely overcome by the new concept of wind power plant construction according to the invention, which has been designed on the basis of the results achieved in aerodynamic research of domain surfaces and their application to aerodynamic profile of wind turbine blades. and a new concept of fastening these axial turbines directly to the annular rotors of the electric generators according to the invention.

Summary of the Invention

The principle of the new wind power plant concept according to the invention is the construction of a wind power plant with horizontal axis of turbine rotation, characterized by its conception of installation of individual basic modules, their cascading suspension throughout the terrain unevenness. inequality.

The basic module of a wind power plant according to the invention consists of two separate electric generators and two separate counter-rotating wind turbines suspended on their annular rotors with a new blade design. Each axial turbine has at least two or more blades, depending on the wind flow dynamics in the installation space, in the form of a profile grating provided with a pair of constant angle angular aerodynamic domain surfaces whose bearing surfaces are formed as two parallel elongated profiles with a rectangular cross section.

The basic module is further characterized in that it has a suspension common support structure on which the stators of the individual electric generators are located, which are located in the interior of the coaxially mounted ring rotors with permanent magnets. In the central part of the supporting structure, outside the body of the individual generators, there is a working platform where it is possible to place, by means of an installed working crane, a container with electrical accessories of the generators and control-diagnostic system of technological operation of the basic module.

The work platform may furthermore be advantageously equipped with a passenger lift for the module operation and maintenance personnel.

In the basic concept of the aerodynamic profile of turbine blades according to the invention, aerodynamic domain surfaces of a profile grating with a predetermined course of adjustment are used, whose bearing surfaces are formed as two parallel elongated profiles concurrently torsionally twisted in the axial axis of rotation to the resulting helix shape.

The axial turbine blades according to the invention can advantageously be designed as segments with controlled air flow circulation, for which planar aerodynamic purposes serve

2/13 domain surfaces located only on some segments, preferably on the middle segment and the outer segment of the front and rear turbine blades. These parallel aerodynamic domains of the individual segments of the controlled airflow circulation with a constant course of the adjustment angle are independently adjustable about the longitudinal axis of the segments. In this embodiment, the inner segment of the turbine blade is formed as a rod-like structure without aerodynamic domain surfaces, thereby creating in the turbine core an unaffected airflow with the same airflow as the wind flow. The radius of the unaffected air flow in the turbine core is preferably of a radius corresponding to the length of the inner segment, and is designed to be 20 to 40% of the radius of the turbine blade.

The construction of the wind power plant according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate a considerable part of the disadvantages of conventional wind power plants with axial turbines placed on high masts, which require special foundation and are structurally and investment-intensive

The wind power plant according to the invention, which is characterized by the suspension structure of its modules, does not need any foundation except for the system of anchoring the suspension ropes to the side walls of the canyons. This type of wall-mounted installation does not require any construction work and therefore has no disturbing effects on the environment. The advantage of the wind power plant according to the invention is precisely the cascade installation of the basic modules, which achieves the optimum utilization of the wind flow across the entire terrain unevenness profile, e.g. canyons, but at the same time it is ensured that the turbines of the other and other modules are not in each other in a flood.

The basic modules of the wind power plant according to the invention are designed using subsonic aerodynamic domain elements on leaf bearing surfaces. This new blade design in a basic profile grille with aerodynamic domains with a constant course of adjustment angle is designed as parallel elongated profiles with a rectangular cross-section, simple construction and easy to repeat industrial production,

It has proved to be advantageous to provide aerodynamic surfaces with a predetermined course of the adjustment angle, wherein the bearing surfaces are formed as parallel elongated profiles with a rectangular cross-section, torsionally parallel in the axial axis, which form the resulting aerodynamic bearing surface of helical sheets. The leaf profile in the form of a profile grid according to the invention is fully comparable

-3 / 13aerodynamic characteristics as the bearing surfaces of the classic turbine blade profile (type A profile).

The most preferred embodiment of the turbine blade profile grating according to the invention is a segmented structure with aerodynamic planar domains with a constant course of adjustment on the inner and outer segments with controlled air circulation, which are independently adjustable about the longitudinal axis of the segments. By rotating the individual domains about the axial axis of the segments, it enables controlled circulation of the wind current in the turbines.

This effect is exacerbated by the possibility of optimizing the airflow diameter in the turbine core according to the invention in that their inner segment is a rod-like structure without aerodynamic domain surfaces, thereby maintaining a flow in the turbine core that coincides with the wind flow in the canyon respectively. fjord. Such a design enhances the efficiency of the turbine of the invention.

The wind power plant according to the invention may have electrically adjustable individual domains on individual circulation-controlled segments.

The construction of the controlled airflow segments provided with a constant angular course of aerodynamic domain surfaces is simplified relative to the basic sheet profile of the invention, since they are planar elongated rectangular cross-sectional profiles without torsion twisting. Despite the simplified shape of the aerodynamic domain surfaces of the segments with controlled air circulation, it is possible to optimize the wind flow through the turbine profile grilles with comparable efficiency to the aerodynamic profile of a classical turbine blade (type A).

The new design concept of the base module, which includes two ring rotor electric generators on which turbine blades of the new aerodynamic design are directly mounted, with circulation control on the aerodynamic domain surface and optimizing the wind current in the turbine, ensures that torque transfer from axial turbines to generators without gearbox. The rotor system of the electric generators is capable of operating in both directions of flow, while maintaining the direction of rotation even when the wind direction is changed by 180 °.

The main advantage of the new concept of construction and installation of a modular wind power plant according to the invention, when compared to other conventional wind power plants

-4 / 13 with comparable performance is their simplicity and that they do not require any complicated building modifications (eg foundation for masts, masts), except for anchorage system. The overall installation of the modular wind power plant according to the invention is much easier on the installation site of imported finished modules and axial turbine blade segments. Maximum dimension of individual turbine segment blades, resp. the ring rotor head with turbine blade hinges is a maximum of 30 m.

Although the modular power plant according to the invention is dimensionally large (spacious), it is not too disturbing in the ground when suspended on ropes between the canyon rock walls.

The present construction and installation of a wind power plant according to the invention is able to optimally utilize canal flow in canyons or fjords, as well as in valleys where air flow intensifies as a result of significant terrain unevenness.

This concept is suitable for commercially produced 5 to 10 MW wind power plants and their multiples depending on the number of cascaded base modules and depending on the natural conditions of the site (canyon, valley, fjord).

In particular, the new segmental design of the wind turbine blades allows the transport of individual segments regardless of the total final installed size (radius of the R blades) and modifies the number and type of individual segments used (with controlled airflow or uncontrolled segments). conditions of the prevailing wind flow distribution in the given terrain site.

The efficiency of the technical design and installation of the wind power plant with the possibility of controlling the optimum air flow in the turbines using the aerodynamic domain surfaces of the simple segmented lattice construction according to the invention has a direct impact on the plant efficiency.

- 5/13 Overview of the drawings

The attached drawings show principles and examples of a wind power plant according to the invention, with the following figures showing:

Fig. 1 Schematic of cascade pendant installation of wind power plant from 4 modules in canyon (front view, side view and plan view)

Fig. 1b Scheme of suspension installation of the base module of a wind power plant in a canyon by anchoring a system of suspension ropes in the side walls of the canyon

Fig.2 Basic module with two-blade axial turbines in the shape of a non-sector grating (type B) Figure 3 Basic module with three-blade axial turbines in the form of a non-sector grating (type B) Figure 4 Axial turbine blade profiles (comparison): - Type A - classic turbine blade aerodynamic profile, - Type B - sheet profile according to the invention in the form of a non-sectoral profile grid provided with a pair of aerodynamic domain surfaces with a predetermined constant course of the adjustment angle Type C - leaf profile according to the invention in the form of a 2 sector profile lattice, wherein the aerodynamic domain surfaces are formed as planar torsion-free twisted elongated profiles, with a constant angle of adjustment, which are independently adjustable relative to each other about the longitudinal axis of the segments Fig. 5 An exemplary embodiment of a base wind turbine module according to the invention with a two-blade axial turbine suspended on the rotor of each separate generator, in the form of a 3-segment profile grid, the inner and outer sectors having a type C aerodynamic profile Fig. 5a Detail of the mounting of the base frame support frame within the annular rotors according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 Fig. 5b Construction of the base module with details of blade attachment in the form of a segmental profile grille, with a central and an outer segment with controlled air circulation, according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 Fig. 5b DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BASE MODULE WITH THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TURBINE Blade Segments according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 Fig. 6a A partial sectional perspective view of a ring rotor generator structure according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 Fig. 6b The construction detail of the ring rotor of the generator according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 Fig. 7a An illustration of an unaffected wind current through a segmented blade turbine according to wherein the aerodynamic domains are located only on the middle and outer segment with controlled circulation according to the example of FIG. 5 Fig. 7b Distribution of affected wind current in a turbine with sector-shaped lattice blades with an internal segmented rod structure (length r) without an aerodynamic domain area for air flow control, where r = (20% -40%) x R

Examples of Embodiments of the Invention

In the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 is an example of an overall installation of a modular pendulum wind power plant according to the invention, consisting of 4 cascaded base modules M1 to M4, each comprising two counter-rotating axial wind turbines, a front 201 and a rear 202, which directly drive two electric generators 300.

Fig. 1b schematically illustrates an example of the suspension of one base module 100 in a canyon space by a set of suspension ropes 103 anchored to and / or at the bottom of the canyon walls.

In FIG. 2 shows a base module 100 with axial turbines which, depending on the flow intensity, may have a min. 2 or more blades 210 (Fig. 3 is an exemplary embodiment of 3 blades) in a profile grid with aerodynamic domain surfaces according to the invention, which are directly suspended on the annular rotors of the electric generators 300.

For better understanding, FIG. 4 shows two basic modifications of leaf profiles in the shape of a type B profile grating, respectively. type C, which are provided with aerodynamic domain surfaces according to the invention and a classic type A aerodynamic profile of known turbine blade design.

Type B - leaf profile according to the invention in the form of a non-sectoral profile grid provided with a pair of aerodynamic domain surfaces with a predetermined constant course of adjustment, which in the example is made as two parallel, helix).

Type C - leaf profile according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention in FIG. 5 in the form of a 2-sector profile lattice, wherein the constant-angle aerodynamic domain surfaces of the individual controlled air circulation sectors are formed as planar torsion-free twisted elongated profiles, wherein the domain domains of the individual sectors are independently adjustable about the longitudinal axis of the segments on individual segments with regulation air circulation.

In the solution according to the invention, the classic type A profile by-pass is replaced by a profile B bypass with a B type aerodynamic profile, respectively. type C.

Controlled air circulation on domain surfaces ensures stability

7/13 flows through a profile grille of a turbine according to the invention.

An advantage of the profile grating construction according to the invention is that there is less turbulence of the air flow downstream of the turbine.

The shape simplicity of the segmental profile grid ensures high economic efficiency of production while maintaining the same aerodynamic parameters and efficiency of the solution according to the invention in comparison with the classical type A profile (classic known turbine blade profile).

Further figures in the drawings illustrate specific exemplary embodiments of a base module with two two-blade axial turbines for direct drive of two generators 300, without the need for a transmission, according to the invention (Fig. 5). In FIG. 5a) to FIG. 5c) details of the construction of the base module according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5th

In FIG. 6a) and 6c), respectively. 7a) and 7b) illustrate by way of example the details of the construction of the ring generators, respectively. a preferred embodiment of the segmented structure of the profile grate of the front turbine blades 201 and the rear turbine blades 202 according to the invention.

According to the illustrated embodiment (Fig. 5c). According to the invention, both turbines have 2 blades in the form of a segmental profile grid. Segment blades consist of an inner segment 212 without an aerodynamic domain area and a middle segment 213 and an outer segment 214, which are provided with planar, independently adjustable longitudinal axis segments of the aerodynamic domain areas to control and optimize air circulation (type C profile).

In FIG. 5a, 5b show construction details of a common frame support structure 101 according to the example of the invention in Figs. 5, which are located in the inner (stator) space of the annular rotors 310 of the separate generators 300. Generator stators 320 are also attached to this support structure 101. On the working platform 104, in our example of the frame triangular support structure 101, a container 106 can be placed with the electrical accessories of the generators and the operation-diagnostic system of the operation of the base module 100.

Further, the working platform 104 may advantageously be provided with a hinge 105 for fastening the container, a working crane 108 for discharging or lowering the container. lowering of the container 106, the passenger elevator 107, respectively. repaired parts and parts of the canyon module. In case of major repair of the electrical system of the basic module - 8/13, it is possible to start and replace the container 106 with the technological equipment for another container.

At the ends of the support structure 101 are hinges 102 enabling it to be suspended in the canyon space by anchoring by the suspension rope system 103 (Fig. 5b)

A 5-10 MW base module according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention of FIG. 5, has the following projected technical parameters;

Power 5 to 10 MW Wind speed min. 2 ms' ¹ Wind speed max. 30 ms' ¹ Wind direction ± 30 ° Rotor diameter A (according to bottom flow) 120-130 m Rotor diameter B (according to bottom flow) 120-130 m Rotors brake disc Rotors synchronization ± 0.1 min ^-1 Generator rotor speed 10-12 min ¹ Plane cover horizontal Industrial usability

The modular concept of the wind power plant and the segment design of the turbine blades according to the invention, when subdivided into individual parts, allows simple serial production of individual parts and parts of the basic modules at the plant, and operative overhead installation as well as complete assembly on site.

The solution according to the invention is a wind power plant that makes optimal use of canal flow throughout the canyon and fjord area, and this wind power plant construction is also suitable for valleys where air flow is intensified.

Claims (4)

Patent claims A wind turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation of turbines, characterized in that it consists of one or more base modules (100), which are cascadedly installed by suspension over the entire terrain roughness space (400), which are anchored by the suspension rope system (103). its side walls, the base module (100) consisting of two separate electric generators (300) mounted on ring rotors (310) with two separate counter-rotating wind turbines, each turbine (201, 202) having at least two or more blades (210) in the form of a profile grid provided with a pair of aerodynamic domain surfaces (215, 216) with a constant course of adjustment angle, the bearing surfaces of which are formed as two parallel elongated profiles with a rectangular cross-section. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension common supporting structure (101) of the base module (100) on which the stators (302) of the individual electric generators (300) are mounted is located in the inner space of the coaxially mounted annular rotors (310). ) with permanent magnets (311) and rotor braking device (330), while in the central part of the support structure (101), outside the generators (300), a working platform (104) is provided with a container (106) electrical accessories of generators and control diagnostic system of technological operation of the basic module. Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the aerodynamic leaf domains (215, 216), the bearing surfaces of which are formed as two parallel elongated profiles, are torsionally twisted in the axial rotation axis with a predetermined course of the adjustment angle. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axial turbine blades (210, 202) are formed as segments with controlled air circulation so that they are provided with aerodynamic domain surfaces (215, 216) only on the middle segment. (213) and an outer segment (214) of said blade (210) of said turbine, wherein the parallel aerodynamic domain surfaces (215, 216) with constant angles of adjustment of the individual segments (213, 214) are independently adjustable about the longitudinal axis of the flow-controlled segments air.