SK42001A3 - Method for producing a cutting plate for the chip-cutting machining of metallic tools - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a cutting plate for the chip-cutting machining of metallic workpieces, comprising the following steps: application of a powder layer containing crystals of diamond and/or cubic boron nitride or such like on a metal plate, preferably a hard metal plate; sintering of the powder layer on the metal plate; and grinding of at least one lateral face of the coated metal plate to produce at least one cutting edge. In a first step a cutting plate blank without cutting edge is produced. In a subsequent second step the cutting plate blank in the region in which the cutting plate(s) are to be situated is given a desired shape appropriate for the intended application. In this region the plate is then ground to produce at least one cutting edge.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a cutting insert for treating metal tools by cutting according to the generic term in claim 1, furthermore a non-machined piece of cutting insert according to the general term in claim 6 as well as cutting insert according to the general term in claim 9.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cutting plates for machining metal cutting tools as well as methods for their production are known. It will further be based on cutting plates having a metal base carrier medium, for example a metal plate and a crystalline, wear-resistant layer added thereto. The crystalline, wear resistant layer comprises diamond crystals (polycrystalline diamond / PKD) and / or cubic bromide (CBN). This layer is applied to the base layer, preferably consisting of hard metal, and then practically insoluble bonded (by sintering method) to the metal carrier medium. For example, it is known that the powder layers of the type described are bonded to a carbide base at 1500 ° C and at 50-60 kbar. One side surface with an abrasion-resistant coating applied to the metal plate is then ground to form a cutting edge. For multi-edge cutting discs, the appropriate number of side faces is subjected to the abrasive process.

In the known method described, the coated metal plate can be directly made in the shape to be achieved by the later cutting plate. However, it is known that larger metal plates, also called discs (sheet metal), are produced by the described process and the cutting plates are cut or cut and the lateral surfaces formed are ground at the point where the desired cutting edge is to be located later. This method is relatively expensive and expensive in terms of storage. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of the kind mentioned at the outset that does not exhibit such disadvantages. To solve the task, a process comprising the steps listed in claim 1 is proposed.

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A process which solves the aforementioned problems and is subject to protection is characterized in that, in a first step of the process, a non-machined semi-finished cutting plate is produced which does not yet have its final shape. The blank is not specifically formed at the point where one or more cutting edges are to be present on the finished cutting plate. In order to be able to use such a blank cutting plate as a cutting plate, it is necessary that the designated special area can be brought into the desired shape at a later second process stage, depending on the particular application case. For example, a rectangular end region of the blank cutter will be made in the shape of a triangle or with a spike so that a thread turning tool can be produced. The shaping for cutting the presumed point of the blank can be done in any manner. Only then will the unfinished cutting plate be treated by grinding at the later cutting edges.

The cutting insert blank, the product immediately after manufacture, is not yet suitable for cutting metal tools. In principle, this first proves to be a disadvantage, since the finished cutting plate can only be produced in the next, second step, where the area where the cutting edge (s) are to be placed still needs special treatment and has to be adapted to the desired shape. before the cutting edges can be machined (treated) on the side surfaces. However, it has been shown that the blanks of the shape shown here are manufactured in large numbers and can be stored in intermediate storage without further specification. Any raw products may be removed from the stocks of unspecified semifinished cutting plates for the manufacture of a special cutting plate, which are then finished to the desired shape and finished with at least one cutting edge by means of the abrasive process.

Preferred is a form of manufacturing process, characterized in that the unmachined cutting plate is adapted to the desired shape by the abrasive process at the place where at least one cutting edge is to be placed. With a suitable grinding process, the machining of this area can be carried out in such a way that at least one cutting edge is realized immediately for forming the ground joint and the lateral surfaces thereby formed. Thus, it is possible to combine an additional second part of the process of the process. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · With an abrasive process to make the cutting edge and minimize the machining time required to produce the cutting disc.

Other forms of implementation process result from other subordinate requirements.

The present invention also includes a semi-finished cutting disc which is used to manufacture a cutting disc and is characterized by cost-effective production. To solve this problem, a preformed cutting plate is proposed which has the features listed in claim 6 and is characterized in that it has a first non-specific shape. Thus, it is not aligned to a special machining method, or is not formed for special tools. The storage of such unspecified “raw” semi-finished product does not require any organizational adjustments and is therefore easy and cost-effective. Further shapes of the cutting insert blank result from subsequent downstream requirements.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Shown in FIG. 1 shows a cutting plan in a plan view; FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutting plate of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is a side view of the cutting plate shown in FIG. First

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a plan view of a cutting plate jb having a substantially rectangular basic shape. One of the lateral sides, in this case the upper longitudinal side 3, has ridges 5 and depressions 7, which, for example, are essentially both triangular in shape here and serve to provide a toothing enabling a secure anchoring of the cutting plate 1 in the tool. Due to the proposed design of ridges 5 and depressions 7 of the same type along the longitudinal side 3, it is possible to firmly clamp the cutting plate 1 in different positions into the tool and thereby ensure the finishing of the cutting plate. Thus, if the cutting plate becomes dull, it can be refined so that it is re-clamped into the tool and reusable.

The cutting plate 1 is made of a cutting plate blank 9 having, on the basis of the outer contours of the cutting plate 1, but in a region 21 in which the cutting edges 13 and 15 of the cutting plate 1 are located, the blank is initially substantially rectangular. Fig. 1 using the dashed line.

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In the present embodiment of the cutting plate 1, the cutting edges 13 and 15 are aligned symmetrically to the imaginary axis in the region 11, each enclosing an exemplary angle of about 30 ° with this exemplary axis. It is indicated by a dotted line that a continuous cutting edge 13 'extending over the entire height h of the cutting plate 7 can be provided, which for example closes an angle of about 40 ° with only the imaginary axis. Of course, it is realistic that this cutting edge 13 'can also extend in the mirror image to the imaginary axis.

From the above examples, it is clear that the substantially rectangular area 11 of the cutting plate blank 9 can be machined so that the intended cutting edge modifications are realized for specialized cutting methods.

Figure 2 shows a front view of the cutting plate 1, i.e. a view of the area

11. This representation clearly shows that the cutting plate 1 comprises a metal base medium - a metal plate 21, preferably a hard metal plate, on which a hard material layer, namely a powder layer 23, is practically insoluble sintered (sintered) containing diamond crystals and or of cubic bornitride or the like.

This layer is particularly hard, resistant to wear and is dotted for accentuation.

In this embodiment of the cutting plate 1, a chamfer 27 is provided on the powder layer 23 facing the underside 25, which serves a defined cutting plate device 1 in a tool.

In Figure 2, the downstream side surface 29 is inclined relative to the imaginary axis E. This inclines from the surface 31 of the powder layer 23 to the central plane E at an acute angle of, for example, 6 °. The upper side surface 33, which corresponds to the longitudinal side 3 (Fig. 1), runs parallel to the central plane E.

From the plan view, the front side surfaces 35 and 37 are visible in the area H, which will be subjected to a grinding process in the manufacture of the cutting edges 13 and 15. FIG. 2 shows that the front side surfaces 35 and 37 intersect in the region of the central plane, i.e. they are formed symmetrically.

The side view of FIG. 3 shows in FIG. 1 shows the longitudinal side 3 of the side plate 1 lying on top. In the FIGS. 1 and 2, said cutting plate elements 1 are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Figure 3 shows clearly that the longitudinal side 3 is formed with ridges 5 and depressions 7 which extend over the entire thickness d of the cutting plate 1 and essentially extend parallel to the back side 39 of the cutting plate 1. It can be clearly seen that the cutting plate 1 comprises base medium 21a - also the point drawn here - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --························· The forged powder coating 23. It is indicated by a dashed indication that in the region 11 of the cutting plate 1, the parts of the cutting plate blank 9 have been removed so that cutting edges can be formed in this area.

The process of manufacturing a cutting disc 1 is explained below. The figures clearly show a method of manufacturing a cutting disc that serves to treat metal tools by cutting. In a first step of the process, a powder layer comprising diamond and / or cubic bornitride crystals or the like is deposited on the base medium 21, a metal plate, preferably a hard metal plate. In the sintering process, for example, the powder layer is sintered onto the base medium 21 at temperatures of about 1500 ° C and a pressure of 50 to 60 kbar, thereby forming an insoluble bond. The coated metal plate may already have a pre-coating, in FIG. 1 and 3 of the proposed semi-finished cutting plate shape. It is also possible, however, to separate or cut the semifinished cutting plates 9 of the aforementioned type from a larger layered metal plate.

The cutting process can be performed by an erosive method, preferably by a wire erosion method. Raises 5 and depressions 7 can be provided in the region of the longitudinal side 3. The non-machined cutting plate region H is non-specific, i.e. not ready for later use of the cutting plate 1. In the described embodiment of the blank 9, it is determined that in the region 11 formed essentially rectangular. A blank cutting insert 9 of this type can be stored at no extra cost since it is not assigned to a special tool.

If desired, the non-machined cutting plate region 11 can be shaped to a certain shape so that the cutting plate can be used as a parting knife, right or left turning tool, threaded cutting plate (see Fig. 1) or even as a drill and / or reamer . The area 11 of the blank 9 may be formed to the desired shape in the cutting or grinding process. In this way, lateral surfaces can be formed, of which at least one surface can be produced by grinding at least one cutting edge.

After all, it is obvious that due to the simple basic shapes of the unmachined cutting plate 9, its production is very easy to implement. This, of course, is particularly true if we dispense with the special design of the longitudinal edge, in this case the longitudinal edge 3. It is then possible to produce the workpiece particularly quickly and at low cost. As mentioned above, realizing the storage of such a " neutral " blank is equally inexpensive. Finally, it appears that the processing of the unmachined cutting plate 9 in the region H is particularly simple. The additional machining step required for the production of the cutting plate 1 can also be carried out quickly and at low cost. The shaping of the unmachined cutting plate 9 in the region H can be carried out by a cutting and / or grinding method. In the latter method, it is particularly advantageous that the desired cutting edge can be produced with the production of the desired shape, so that the additional cost of producing the finished cutting plate 1 from the unmachined cutting plate 9 can be minimized.

From the above it is clear that the cutting plate 1 is generally applicable, since virtually any cutting edge geometry can be realized in the area 11 of the uncut machining plate 9. In this case, the blank 9 can generally be designed such that it can be used in any machine and can be used for various cutting processes. To allow for general implementation, the ridges 5 and depressions 7 can be seen from the embodiments of FIG. It is also possible that such formations are not used in order to guarantee the versatile use of the unmachined cutting plate 9.

Finally, it should be noted that the cutting plate 1 can be immediately clamped into the machine. It can also be fed to the base holder and then fixed to the device.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS A method of manufacturing a cutting plate for treating metal tools by cutting with the following steps: Depositing a powder layer comprising diamond crystals and / or cubic boron nitride or the like on a metal plate, in particular a hard metal plate, Sintering the powder layer onto a metal plate, Sanding at least one side surface of a metal coated sheet for producing at least one cutting edge, characterized in that in a first step of the process, a blank without a cutting edge is produced, in a later second step of the process, a blank which is to be placed in the desired shape adapted to the application, and that in this area at least one cutting edge is used for the sanding method. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the blank cutting plate is cut or cut from a powder coated metal plate. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the cutting step is carried out by way of a preferred erosive method of the wire-erosive method Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the area in which the cutting edge (s) is / are to be placed is modified cutting and / or grinding to the specified shape. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal plate is provided with a continuous powder layer. ·································································· · · 6. Semi-finished cutting disc for the production of a cutting disc related to the cutting of metal tools, characterized in that the area in which the cutting edge (s) for cutting is to be placed has nonspecific shape. The preform according to claim 6, characterized in that it is intended for a cutting or grinding process in order to form lateral surfaces of which at least one can be ground to produce at least one cutting edge. A blank according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one surface provided with elevations (5) and depressions (7) (longitudinal side (3)). Cutting plate for cutting metal tools made according to a method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cutting edge (s) is / are designed to be usable as a parting tool, a turning tool , a threaded cutting insert, such as a cutting insert for a drill and / or reamer.