SK3952001A3 - Measuring, warning and protecting system for the prevention of river polutions - Google Patents

Abstract

The measuring, warning and protection system serving as safeguard against pollution of rivers primarily with toxic industrial agents comprises stations which are located at selected nodal points and communicate with mobile observation units which, in particular, are provided with appropriately equipped planes and helicopters.

Description

Measurement, warning and protection system to prevent river contamination.

Technical field

On the rivers there are numerous industrial plants that use water to cool chemical-physical processes, to mix their substances with river water, to rinse and purify the materials processed by them. Rivers are strongly threatened by increasing industrialization because many industrial enterprises do not take the necessary protective measures on their plant facilities. To prevent river pollution, we will describe one metering, warning and protection system that allows you to optimally control river measurement equipment and manage an intervention system that temporarily catches water in the event of contamination and thus creates time for necessary protection measures.

These measures are particularly important in areas which have only a poorly developed infrastructure. Special precautions must be taken. These measures will be described in the following chapters.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the history of the last decade, several accidents have occurred on highly industrialized flows. Such accidents are known on the Rhine after a single fire in Sandoz, Switzerland in 1988. At that time, a greater amount of pollutant with extinguishing water got into the Rhine because no corresponding reservoirs were planned and built. Cyanide containing purifying water leaked several times from a gold mine in Colombia in the 1990s. A similar accident occurred in Theise in 2000. Equally often, minor accidents occur on lesser-known rivers, which are not even accessible to the public. These are gradual infections with heavy metals, which are often the cause of insidious diseases.

To avoid such contamination, systems are known which serve to ensure that spillage of unwanted harmful substances from the corporate border areas is properly registered and such a rapid alert system is put in place that would allow measures to be taken against the further spread of the contamination.

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One warning system from the TOC meters is installed on the Rhine, which has been installed at the nodes of the company cooling water circuits. If a crack appears on the separation wall between the process water circuit and the cooling water circuit, the water from the production process enters the cooling water. As the concentration of organic carbon increases to about 30 individual channels joining at the nodal points, the water flow to the Rhine will be pushed, and therefore the crack must be searched, found and removed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In areas with a poorly developed infrastructure, it is difficult to implement a large number of measuring, warning and protection systems. In most cases, funds do not allow the installation of a greater number of warning devices. In addition, extensive training is often required in a wide area, even in the entire affected area, which also affects the scope of facilities.

In less developed or conserved territories, we may prefer to deploy systems that are located at several major nodal points, but otherwise consist of movable units. Thanks to the rapid development of microsystem technology in recent years, current measurement, warning and protection systems could be developed, which can be deployed in the smallest space and thus successfully deployed in the mobile circuit. However, mobile observation must be carried out in rapid succession to allow enough time for safeguards. On this principle, in addition to road transport, tons of air monitoring are irreplaceable. Helicopters (1) are best suited for this task: • visual summary of symptoms (phenotype), color, turbidity, river foaming by camera (4) • corporate anomalies, breakage of dams on tailings ponds, accidents on fittings • take the water samples and evaluate them immediately on the flying machine, and · a · · a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a ·· ··· • deliver the results to the headquarters via modern means of communication (see Figure 1).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows the observation of the streams in a visual and photographic manner, as well as sampling of water from the river and immediate rapid analysis, for example from a monitoring helicopter. Figure 2 shows an illustration of the measuring system. Figure 3 shows an air filled water dam made of plastic. Figure 4 shows the main flow with the catchment pool and Figure 5 shows an illustration of the catchment pool.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The results can be sent via radio, preferably a cordless telephone (Handy) 10 to the dispatch center 12. This method allows the deployment of microcomputers, which in turn allow data to be published on the Internet, see Figure 2. These measures need to eliminate contradictions with environmental standards. These environmental standards, together with local water quality guidelines, as well as a time-based objective assessment of changes in flow, serve to better allocate responsibilities and to set deduction criteria that make it easier to select optimal measures from a regional parameter catalog.

Measuring water quality is just the first step in preventing accidents. Without rapid intervention, no protective measures are possible. From this point of view, it is necessary to alarm the intervention personnel at the dispatching center and activate the mentioned intervention systems at the node points. The system shall be so spaced that the infested water mass can be averted as quickly as possible. Inflatable air cushions 16, which are joined together to form a wall crosswise over the flow direction, are best suited for this, see Figure 3. The caps are inflated with air 21 and unfolded to full size in minutes. Suitably supported anchors 15 provide mechanical stability. The air blower 18 or gas cylinders with compressed air will be located in a building or bunker in the ground. Pipe 19 connects the compressor or the battery of the bottles to the ···························· · Air cushions 16. It is recommended to build cushions from several segments. These segments are connected to each other by a non-return valve so that air can flow in only one direction at a time. These measures will ensure that the leakage of one segment will not render the whole water dam non-functional. The suction of air 20 after completion of the work is carried out with the same compressor 18 via the return line. In order for this plastic inflatable wall to be retracted to the bottom of the river after completion of the work and to be folded into one small, and above all flat-lying module at the bottom of the river, a recall device must be installed in the wall.

This equipment must be regularly replaced, tested and maintained in good condition. It should be adapted to nature and be built in a subtle way in the country. Sediments and ice must be removed from the bulkhead or kept in a remote location.

The retained water mass must, of course, be routed to the artificial catchment pools 28. These pools must be embedded in the ground and connected to the flow by one supply channel 27. The tanks must be calculated so that the average water mass, which constitutes an emergency, can be trapped and treated, see Figure 4. A small depth of water can still be maintained in the capture pools, see Figure 5. This amount of water is used in periods of drought as a reservoir of water and can be used as a type of recreation area over time.

summary

A measurement, warning and protection system is recommended for the protection of pollution from industrial enterprises. It is recommended to use a measuring system consisting of stationary nodal points and individual mobile measuring stations for the measurement of unwanted infested water mass from industrial installations. These stations will be so small that their installation and operation are possible in cars, ships, but especially in airplanes, helicopters or hot air balloons. Optical methods in the air are becoming increasingly important. This is the best way to observe the condition, color, behavior and foam formation on the water. In addition, water can be sampled and can be carried on board a vehicle, vessel or flying object. analyzed. The data is processed on a computer and then sent to the central observation station via the Internet or even a mobile phone. Tons will decide to avert the flow to the safety pools in a crisis situation.

Inflatable walls of plastic, which normally lie at the bottom of the river, but can be inflated at the planned speed in an emergency, see Figure 3 as the dam against the infested water mass. In this case, the water is drained into the artificial pools where they are trapped and can be treated. After improving the technical condition of the water, the swimming pools can be used by neighboring businesses for recreational or economic purposes, or they can be used to a certain extent as water storage in the dry season.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Measurement, warning and protection system for the prevention of river accidents in areas with poorly developed infrastructure, characterized in that it serves to interconnect measurements of the water system of stationary points and mobile observation units, whose mobile observation continues mainly by air, in order to rivers could be monitored in real time through several airborne observation units. Measuring, warning and protection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that optical methods for observing visual signs from the air, such as color, turbidity and other physicochemical properties, are particularly suitable. Measurement and warning system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that water sampling from the river is possible, followed by rapid analysis on board the flying machines. A measurement, warning and protection system with an evaluation system suitable for the measurement and warning system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it interconnects data in a single microcomputer obtained from optical and analytical tests with the Internet, evaluates them and sends results via the system Handy to the control center. 5. A metering, warning and protection system for the discharge of the river from the riverbed to artificial and natural ponds, characterized by the establishment of pond-like ponds which are connected via a single channel to the river and are located in lowland regions of standing waters with low height. 6. A measuring, warning and protection system, characterized in that inflatable mats, adapted to the shape of the river, are used as a barrier to the water. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · The bottoms are fitted with a suitable mechanical anchorage as well as a lifting and retracting mechanism fixed at the bottom of the river, and are connected to each other via non-return valves. The mats are inflated at high speed with compressors or compressed air from gas tanks, and after protective measures have been completed and after air has been exhausted and re-assembled, and laid back on the river bed by means of a retracting mechanism. Measurement, warning and protection system, with an inflatable water dam according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastics consisting of several pneumatic ones separated from one another by separate pieces are connected by non-return valves which only pass in one direction so that only individual segregated segments did not leak when leaking and thus became non-functional. Measurement, warning and protection system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sewers to the retaining pools are protected and dammed by the usual water dam from natural soil and stones from the main flow, where the explosive flask space or the long term stable, robust air cushions with rapid air inflation are used in a crisis situation to release infested water mass.