SK295692A3 - Polypropylene colourable composition for the production of fibers and foils - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a polypropylene composition for the production of fibers and foils which is dyable with anionic dyes and which is color stable in light.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that crystalline polypropylene has excellent physical and chemical properties and is useful as a material for the production of fibers, films, nonwovens, fiber layers and the like. On the other hand, this polymer shows some drawbacks that result from it! of its chemical character. Polypropylene has low affinity for dyes and has limited light stability. Polypropylene properties, such as strength and ductility, rapidly deteriorate when exposed to daylight or artificial light. Since the polypropylene strand has an olefinic character and does not have atoms or groups capable of binding dye molecules, the polypropylene fibers cannot be dyed with the conventional dyes used. Methods to overcome these deficiencies are mostly based on the principle of addition of suitable compounds. In fact, when compounds containing basic nitrogen atoms are incorporated into polypropylene, a mixture is obtained in which the prepared fibers have an affinity for acidic, direct, reactive, metalated and other types of anionic dyes commonly used in dyeing wool and polyamide. In the description of the invention to Cs. AO č. No. 245,097 discloses the use of an imidated styrene copolymer with an equimolar amount of maleic anhydride having both alkyl and 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) - or 1- (3-morpholinopropyl) -groups in the imide nitrogen atoms mol. ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 4. The polymeric imide is applied by dispersing it in molten polypropylene and forming the dispersion into a finished product, for example by spinning. To improve the uniformity of the dispersion, it is recommended to use a polymeric imide in admixture with a low molecular weight surfactant, e.g. with sodium stearate. The polymeric imide allows for the preparation of excellent dyeable fibers even at relatively low 5 ' materials. in a mixture. However, at the melt temperatures of 220 to 260 ° C, spinning of the polymeric melt blend results in thermo-oxidative degradation which adversely affects the yellowish colouration of the fibers of the modified polypropylene. In addition, degradation of the fibers during their application to the light results in a gradual decrease in their strength and, moreover, has an adverse effect on the fastness of the dyed products.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned drawbacks are solved by the present invention, which relates to a polypropylene dye composition for the production of fibers and foils based on a blend of 2 to 8% polypropylene based on the weight of the composition, a basic polymeric imide of mol. 1 000 to 15 000, prepared by imidation of a copolymer of equimolar portions of styrene and maleic anhydride and containing on the nitrogen atoms of imide groups bound both linear alkyl substituents having a carbon number of 12 to 25 and 1-dialkylaminoalkyl substituents in which alkyl represents an acyclic or cyclic hydrocarbon radical having a carbon number of 1 to 6, in a total mol. the ratio of both types of substituents 1: 1 to 1: 4, and with active additives. The invention is characterized in that it contains from 0.5 to 27% by weight of the composition as active additives. a low molecular weight dispersant, 0.05 to 27 wt. of a phosphite ester stabilizer and 0.05 to 27 wt. a sterically hindered amine type stabilizer based on the weight of the composition. A low molecular weight dispersant is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of salts, esters and amides of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of 12 to 25, in particular stearic acid, the phosphite ester stabilizer being at least one compound selected from acyclic and cyclic mono- to triesters phosphorous, derived from an allyphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-type hindered amine-type one compound with at least one 2,2,1 group.

The compositions of the invention under the influence of light and heat. Therefore, the fibers, niny of the composition, have a light shade and retain their mechanical properties on the light. Colored compositions of excellent color fastness. ie.

aromatic mono- to tetrahydroxyl compounds. As a stabilizing composition, at least 6,6-tetramethylsubstituted degradation produced by spunbonding has a melt tendency to yellow even during long-term exposure according to the invention, that colored fibers do not change virtually their hue by exposure to light.

Sodium or potassium stearate, stearic acid amide, glycerol monostearate, methylenebisstearamide or 1,2-ethylenebisstearamide are particularly suitable as low molecular weight dispersants, such as the tri (p-nonylphenyl) phosphite, tetrakis (p-nonyl) stearate ester stabilizer. p-methylenebisophenylsilyl) and also spiro compounds of the pentaerythritol esterification type by phosphorous acid monoesters, e.g. 3,9-dienoxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro- [5,5] undecane. Sterically hindered amine stabilizers are substances characterized by the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine groups bonded to a low molecular weight or polymeric residue via a nitrogen atom or against a light carbon atom of a heterocycle.

Examples

Example 1

Polypropylene composition (I) is prepared by mixing 93Θ g of propylene powder (flow index 10 g / 10 min), 50 g of polymeric imide prepared by imidating a copolymer of equimolar proportions of styrene and maleic anhydride with a mixture of octadecylamine and 3- (di (nethylamino) propylamine). 1: 1 molar ratio, 10 g sodium stearate, 0.8 g 3,9-bis (2,4-di-tert-butyl) phenoxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3, 9-diphosphaspiro [5.5 ]undecane (cross-linking stabilizer) and 1.4 g of bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyl-4) sebacate (a sterically hindered amine stabilizer) are granulated. at a temperature of 220 ° C and then spun in the conventional melt process using a spinning line having a spinning head temperature of 260 ° C. The forming fiber is drawn at a speed of 600 m / min and drawn in proportion

1: 3.6 at 110 ° C.

A sample of 10 g of fiber is subjected to a dyeing test in a bath of: 500 ml of water,

0.2 g of chromate dye according to Table I, ml of formic acid (857.)

The dyeing is started at a temperature of at least 60 ° C. Within 15 minutes, the temperature was raised to boiling and allowed to color for 45 minutes. The fibrous material is then rinsed with water and dried. The test of color fastness to light is carried out according to ČSN 80 01 50. The results are given in Table I:

Tab. I

Kompoz ice: I II fiber coloring bí lá ž lutá the half-life of strength 1 400 h 900 h Color fastness to pale (degree): Chromolane yellow ELN 5-6 4-5 Chromolane violet 3R 5 4-5 Chromolan red GRE 4 4 Chromolan Blue * GG 4 3 Chromolánová nám. blue * R 4-5 3-4 Chromolane black WA ex. 5 4-5

Degradation is assessed by measuring the decrease in strength of the fibers exposed to the light in the Xenotest 450 at a black panel temperature of 50-53 ° C. In the table, the degradation tendency is expressed as the half-life of the strength, i.e. exposure time in hours after which the fiber strength has decreased to half its original value.

To compare properties, polypropylene compositions (II) are prepared by mixing 935 g of polypropylene powder, 50 g of the above polymeric imide, 1.4 g of tetrakis [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenol) propionyloxymethyl] 1] methane (phenolic stabilizer) and 3 g of 4-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzoophenone (benzophenone type stabilizer). Processing of the polymer composition is carried out in the same manner as processing of the composition of the invention. A comparison of the properties of both compositions is illustrated in Tab. I. A white color fiber having a higher resistance to light degradation and a higher density of dyeing is obtained from the composition of the invention (I).

Example 2

By mixing 944 g of polypropylene, 40 g of polymeric imide prepared by imidating a copolymer of equimolar portions of styrene and maleic anhydride, a mixture of 3- (diethylamino) propylamine and hexadecylamine in a molar ratio of 2: 3, 8 g of 1,2-ethylenebispalmitamide, 3 gp, p ' —Methylene [bis (p-nonylphenyl) phenylphosphite Ju (phosphite ester stabilizer) and 5 g of poly [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4-piperidinediyl) oxy- ( 1,4-dioxo-1,4-butanediyl) oxy-1,2-ethanediol (a sterically hindered amine type stabilizer) and granulated at 220 ° C to prepare the polypropylene composition (III), which is subjected to melt spinning in the usual manner at a spinning head temperature of 260 ° C. A white fiber is obtained which lengthens at a ratio of 1: 3. A knitted fabric is prepared and tested for dyeability. The dyeing is carried out in an acidic water bath at 100 ° C. The dye is metered into the bath in an amount of 2% by weight of the fibrous material. For dyed fiber, the fastness of dyeing to light is determined. The results are shown in Table II:

Tab. II

Color fastness to light (degree): composite III IV Egacid modi * BRL 4 4-5 Midlon st. modi * E 3-4 4 Egacid modi * A2G 3-4 4-5

To compare the properties, the same polypropylene composition (IV) was prepared, but without the addition of a phosphate stabilizer. In this case, the fiber has a yellowish color and smells. The stained samples exhibit a lower brightness of the dyeing as compared to the composition of the invention (III).

Claims (3)

PATENT Polypropylene dye composition for the production of fibers and films based on a blend of polypropylene with 2-8% by weight of the composition of a basic polymeric imide of mol. of a weight of 1000 to 15000, prepared by imidating a copolymer of equivalents of styrene and maleic anhydride and containing on the nitrogen atoms of the imide groups bound both linear alkyl substituents having a carbon number of 12 to 25 and on the other hand 1-dialkylalkylaminoalkyl substituents, acyclic or cyclic hydrocarbon residue having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in total mol. a ratio of both 1: 1 to 1: 4 substituent types and active additives, characterized in that it contains from 0.5 to 27% by weight of the active additives. % of a comonomer dispersant, 0.05 to 27% by weight. of a phosphite ester stabilizer and 0.05 to 27 wt. a hindered amine type stabilizer based on the weight of the composition. Polypropylene dye composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of salts, esters and amides of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of 12 to 25, in particular stearic acid, as a low molecular weight dispersant. 3. Polypropylene dye composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphite ester stabilizer comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acyclic and cyclic mono-triesters of phosphorous acid derived from aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic mono to tetrahydroxyl compounds. characterized by one amine The polypropylene dye composition of claim 1, wherein the steric br stabilizer is at least one compound having 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl.