SK288168B6 - Variable ram of compacting device - Google Patents

Abstract

Variable ram of compacting device, particularly for the production of optimal compacts from a bulk organic and/or an inorganic material or a mixture consisting of a cylindrical or n-angle body (1) of the ram from the tough and the solid steel, in a front of which is fitted a removable attachment (2) from the quality steel with a chemical or a chemical-thermal working of a surface or a surface coating, which is anchored by the cylindrical or the n-angle body (1) of the ram directly or through an inlet (3) with a Morse taper, whereby the front of the removable attachment (2) is formed in the plane or convex, and/or concave surface.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the construction of a variable piston compaction machine, in particular for compacting compacts from a bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mixture. The invention belongs to the field of compacting bulk materials of organic and inorganic origin.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The compaction of bulk materials and especially wastes has been known for more than 130 years. Wooden briquettes were used in the US 75 years ago. A common feature of all compaction technologies is the pressing of material at high pressure. A suitably selected pressure and temperature are necessary conditions for the compacted material to be compact even without binder after compression. Another condition is the permissible moisture of the compacted waste at the inlet.

Briquetting is a progressive method of compacting crushed and dried wood material, in particular, at a very high pressure. The piston briquetting press is known. The material is fed into the bale chamber via a conical hopper with a screw and then forced through the nozzle under high pressure. The nozzle is made of wear-resistant, hardened and high-strength steel and has a conical bore. The temperature resulting from the compression of the bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mixture is 120 to 160 ° C with an inlet maximum humidity of 18%.

The pressing nozzle and the piston of the compaction machine are the most stressed components of the technological equipment. When entering the bale chamber at the leading edge of the bale chamber, the piston often shears the injected feedstock - the raw material, which partially enters the bale chamber inlet between the piston and the bale chamber walls, which largely wears the leading edge of the piston due to increased friction. which is rounded but also wears the inlet part of the pressing chamber or the nozzle. The reason for the high wear of the functional parts can also be the compacting of highly abrasive materials, resp. substances containing solid hard parts. The starting material may be different fractions of particulate matter.

Replacing a worn piston is economically demanding due to its high cost.

Another drawback of the existing pistons of the press machines is the shape of their face. Straight piston faces do not ensure sufficient binding of the press with the following press, resulting in compacts of short lengths given by the stroke of the press piston and the material filling ratio. The stampings are further crushed during packaging and transport.

Due to the persistent problems with the pistons in the prior art compaction machine structures, there has been room for creating a piston-to-compaction machine structure that would provide higher quality moldings, especially in terms of length and joining of individual presses into cohesive moldings, as well as longer piston life and variability for various types of compacted materials.

As a result of this effort, the construction of a variable ram of a compaction machine is described, particularly in the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mix in the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These drawbacks are overcome by the construction of a variable ram of a compaction machine, in particular in the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic feedstock or feedstock mix according to the present invention. The essence of the invention consists in that it consists of a cylindrical or n-angular piston body of tough and solid steel, at the front of which is fitted with a replaceable high-quality steel extension with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating anchored into a cylindrical or n-angled piston body directly or through a Morse taper insert. The face of the replaceable extension is formed into a convex and / or concave surface or a partially planar surface.

There are embodiments of a variable ram of a compaction machine in which the replaceable attachment is directly anchored in a cylindrical or n-angled piston body, and an essential feature of the solution is that the replaceable attachment has a cylindrical guide shoulder having a thread on the tapered portion. The interchangeable adapter, with its cylindrical guide shoulder, fits into the cylindrical guide shoulder in the piston body and is screwed into its threaded hole in the piston body with its threaded portion. The face of the replaceable extension has at least two mounting holes.

It is possible to realize a variable piston of a compaction machine in which the interchangeable extension is directly anchored to the cylindrical or n-angled piston body, and the essential feature of the solution is that the interchangeable extension has a fitting hole for a fitting screw head with an Allen head. The fitting screw extends into the fitting hole and the threaded hole in the piston body.

It is also possible to realize a variable piston of a compaction machine in which the interchangeable adapter is anchored in a cylindrical or n-angled piston body through a Morse taper insert is an essential feature of the solution that the interchangeable adapter has a guide shoulder which extends into the shoulder with its threaded diameter. into a threaded hole in a morse-cone insert.

A particularly important feature of the variable piston of the compaction machine according to this utility model is a solution wherein the face of the interchangeable extension is formed into a central concave surface that extends into a continuous annular convex face at the peripheral edge portion of the interchangeable extension. mounting holes with nose screws.

Alternatively, the variable ram of the compaction machine may also be designed such that the replaceable extension is provided with an internal thread which fits into the outer thread of the piston body or insert with a Morse taper.

Another alternative to the variable ram of the compaction machine may be a solution wherein the replaceable extension and the front of the cylindrical or n-angled piston body and / or the Morse tapered insert is covered with a high-quality steel bushing with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating. it is provided with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of the interchangeable extension and into the cylindrical or n-angled piston body and / or the Morse taper insert.

For all embodiments of the variable piston compaction machine solution, it is preferred that the cylindrical or n-angled piston body has at least two mounting tangential faces and / or a transverse passageway for discharging the Morse taper insert. To prolong the life of the variable piston of the compaction machine, it is advisable to cover the face of the interchangeable extension with a hard chrome shell.

The advantages of the design of the variable piston of the compaction machine, in particular for molding the compacts of the bulk organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mixture according to the invention, are apparent from its external effects. The variable piston of the compaction machine according to the invention is made of two types of steel. The piston body itself is made of tough and solid steel, thereby absorbing the axial forces occurring during pressing. A high-quality steel with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating is used to make the adapter more resistant to wear on the pressed material during the pressing process and more particularly to the wear resistance of the circular edge of the adapter end when shearing the pressed material . This saves high-quality steel, because it only makes attachments, but not the entire piston.

Due to a suitable combination of concentric concave and convex face of the stem extension, wear and tear of the stem extension is prolonged.

Shaping the top face with a rugged pressing surface, sharp protrusions on the top of the piston, and a sharp edge around the periphery of the piston face results in good separation of the molded material for the individual presses, more careful locking of the successive individual presses in the compact by appropriate required length, strength and quality. This achieves a longer burning time and the moldings do not disintegrate and do not crush during handling.

The end face shaping gives the entire compaction machine versatility, because the variation of the end face shape of the piston can handle different types of molded materials. A simple replacement of the piston extensions is sufficient.

Disassembly of a worn piston or only a piston and subsequent assembly is easy, as individual operations can also be carried out outside the compaction machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The construction of the variable piston of a compacting machine for compacting compacts of loose organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mixture according to the invention will be explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings, where FIG. 1 shows in its side section its optimal solution. In FIG. 2 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body. In FIG. 3 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body by means of an Allen screw. In FIG. 4 shows a side view of its alternative solution with screwing the adapter into the piston body. In FIG. 5 shows a side view of its solution with screwing the adapter and the piston body into the housing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It is to be understood that particular embodiments of the invention are presented to illustrate, and not limit, the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art will find or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention that are specifically described herein. Such equivalents will also fall within the scope of the following patent claims. The sizing of such a device and the appropriate choice of its materials and construction cannot be a problem for those skilled in the art, therefore these features have not been solved in detail.

Example 1

In this example of a specific embodiment of the present invention, an optimum constructional solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine shown in FIG. The variable piston of the compaction machine according to the invention consists of a cylindrical body and a piston of tough and solid steel. The removable extension 2 is anchored to the cylindrical body I of the piston through the Morse taper insert 3 so that the removable extension 2 has a guide shoulder 4 which by its tapered threaded diameter extends into the threaded hole in the Morse taper insert 3. Only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating. The piston cylindrical body 1 has in its rear part of the housing two mounting opposing tangential faces 7 and a transverse passage groove 8 for discharging the Morse taper insert 3 when replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface which the edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 extends into a continuous annular convex surface. There are two mounting holes 5 with nose screws 6 in the part of the continuous annular convex surface. In order to extend the life of the variable piston of the compaction machine, the face of the replaceable extension 2 may be covered with a hard chrome layer. Alternatively, a hexagonal cross-sectional piston may be used.

Example 2

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a first structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 2. The variable piston of a compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body I of a tough and rigid steel. A replaceable extension 2 is directly anchored to the piston body I so that the replaceable extension 2 has a cylindrical guide shoulder 4 that fits into the shoulder in the piston body I. The cylindrical guide shoulder 4 of the replaceable extension 2 passes into a threaded part by which the replaceable extension 2 is screwed into the cylindrical body I of the piston. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into not shown broken sharp protrusions. At the same time, the face of the replaceable extension 2 has two front mounting holes 5. Only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-thermal treatment of the surface or coated. The piston rod body 1 has at its rear part of the housing four mounting opposite tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 can be n-angled.

Example 3

In this example of a specific embodiment of the invention, a second structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 3. The variable piston of the compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body I of a tough and rigid steel. A replaceable extension 2 is directly anchored to the piston rod body 1 such that the replaceable extension 2 has a fitting hole for the fitting screw 9. The fitting screw 9 extends into the guide shoulder 4 which passes into the threaded hole in the body of the piston. The face of the replaceable extension 2 has a substantially hexagonal socket for an Allen key in the head of the fitting screw 9. The peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 has a planar surface. Also, only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface-coated. The cylindrical body 1 of the piston has at its rear part of the housing four mounting opposite tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable adapter 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 can be n-angled.

Example 4

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a third structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 4. The variable piston of a compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body I of a tough and rigid steel. A replaceable extension 2 is directly anchored to the piston barrel I so that the removable extension 2 is provided with an internal thread which fits into the outer thread of the piston barrel I by means of a guide shoulder 4. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface. the edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2 extends into a continuous planar surface. Alternatively, the face of the replaceable extension 2 is formed into a central convex surface that extends into a continuous planar surface at the peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2. Also, only the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface-coated. The piston rod body 1 has in its rear part of the housing four mounting opposing tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable extension 2. In a variant solution of this example, the piston body 1 and the piston can be angular.

Example 5

In this example of a specific embodiment of the invention, a fourth structural variant solution of the variable piston of the compaction machine is shown, which is shown in FIG. 5. The variable piston of the compaction machine consists of a cylindrical body 1 of tough and resilient steel. The replaceable extension 2 and the face of the piston cylindrical body I are covered by a high-quality steel or chemical-coated steel casing 10 provided with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of the replaceable extension 2 and the cylindrical piston 1. The face of the cylindrical body 1 of the piston 1 is provided with a guide shoulder 4. The face of the replaceable extension 2 is shaped into a central concave surface which extends into a continuous planar surface at the peripheral edge portion of the face of the replaceable extension 2. Also, the replaceable extension 2 is made of high-quality steel with a chemical or chemical-thermal treatment of the surface or coated. The cylindrical body 1 and the piston have at their rear part of the housing four mounting opposite tangential faces 7 necessary for replacing a worn replaceable adapter 2. In a variant of this example, the body 1 and the piston can be n-angled.

Industrial usability

The variable piston of a compacting machine for compacting compacts from loose organic and / or inorganic raw material or raw material mix finds utility in industry, agriculture, food and wherever there is a need to process the bulk form material of different fractions into compacts.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS Variable piston of a compaction machine, in particular for the manufacture of moldings from a bulk organic and / or inorganic raw material or a raw material mixture, characterized in that it consists of a cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of a tough and rigid steel piston at its head replaceable extension (2) of high-quality steel with chemical or chemical-thermal treatment of the surface or surface coating, which is anchored in a cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of the piston directly or through a Morse taper insert (3); 2) is formed into a planar or convex and / or concave surface. A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) directly anchored to the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) has a cylindrical guide shoulder (4) which fits into a blind hole in the piston body (1) wherein the face of the replaceable extension (2) has at least two mounting holes (5). A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) directly anchored in the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) has a fitting hole for the fitting screw (9), the fitting screw (9) extending. into a threaded hole in the piston body (1). A compaction machine variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the interchangeable extension (2) is anchored via a Morse taper insert (3) into the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) such that the interchangeable extension (2) has a guide shoulder (4), which by its tapered diameter provided with a thread engages a threaded hole in the insert (3) with a Morse taper. A compaction piston according to claim 4, characterized in that the face of the interchangeable extension (2) is formed into a central concave surface which, at the peripheral edge portion of the face of the interchangeable extension (2), passes into a continuous annular convex surface, an annular convex surface there are two mounting holes (5) with bolts (6) with a nose. A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) is provided with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of a cylindrical or angular body (1) of the piston or insert (3) with Morse cone. A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the replaceable extension (2) and the front part of the cylindrical or n-angled piston body (1) and the Morse taper insert (3) is covered by the sleeve ( 10) of high-quality steel with chemical or chemical-thermal surface treatment or surface coating, which is equipped with an internal thread which fits into the external thread of the interchangeable extension (2) and the cylindrical or n-angular body (1) of the piston and / or liner (3) ) with Morse Cone. SK 288168-6 A compaction machine variable piston according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cylindrical or n-angle piston body (1) has at least two mounting tangential faces (7) and / or a transverse passage groove (8). Variable piston of a compaction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the face 5 of the replaceable extension (2) can be coated with a hard abrasion-resistant layer.