SK285823B6 - A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals - Google Patents

A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals Download PDF

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Publication number
SK285823B6
SK285823B6 SK1400-2001A SK14002001A SK285823B6 SK 285823 B6 SK285823 B6 SK 285823B6 SK 14002001 A SK14002001 A SK 14002001A SK 285823 B6 SK285823 B6 SK 285823B6
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SK
Slovakia
Prior art keywords
hazardous waste
heavy metals
pozzolanic
cement
sludge
Prior art date
Application number
SK1400-2001A
Other languages
Slovak (sk)
Other versions
SK14002001A3 (en
Inventor
Zden�K Adamec
Vladim�R Slivka
Original Assignee
Zden�K Adamec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zden�K Adamec filed Critical Zden�K Adamec
Publication of SK14002001A3 publication Critical patent/SK14002001A3/en
Publication of SK285823B6 publication Critical patent/SK285823B6/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/0463—Hazardous waste
    • C04B18/0472—Waste material contaminated by heavy metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/24—Organic substances containing heavy metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

Method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, especially sludge from steel plants and blast furnaces which contain cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (cu), iron (Fe), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like to produce a mass that cannot be washed away in which the heavy metals are bound chemically and physically in the form of insoluble hydroxides, wherein the waste is mixed with a clastic material containing a psammitic-psephitic fraction and a material having pozzolanic and buffering properties. Foundry sand, flotation waste rocks, ash and the like are use as the clastic material. Light ashes from coal or coke burning, cement dust or cement are used as a material having pozzolanic and buffering properties.

Description

Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Uvedené nedostatky známeho stavu techniky do veľkej miery odstraňuje spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu s obsahom ťažkých kovov najmä oceliarenských a vysokopecných katov s obsahom kadmia, olova, zinku, medi, železa, chrómu, kobaltu, niklu a podobne, pri ktorom sa na vytvorenie nerozplaviteľných foriem ťažkých kovov používajú úletové popolčeky, zlievarenský piesok a ložový popol, pričom výsledná zmes je uložiteľná ako základka banských priestorov a/alebo použiteľná ako sanačno-rekultivačná hmota podľa vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočíva v tom, že sa nebezpečný odpad uvedeného typu tvoriaci spojivo, zmieša na účely homogenizácie zmesi s klastickým materiálom s psamiticko-psefetickou frakciou a s materiálom s pucolánovými a pufŕovacími vlastnosťami za vzniku nerozplaviteľnej hmoty.The aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art are largely eliminated by the method of disposing of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, in particular steel and blast furnaces, containing cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel and the like. metals used as fly ash, foundry sand and bed ash, the resulting mixture being depositable as a foundation for the mine and / or usable as a remediation-reclamation mass according to the invention, which consists in mixing hazardous waste of this type forming a binder for homogenizing the mixture with a clastic material with a psamitic-psefetic fraction and a material with pozzolanic and buffering properties to form an insoluble material.

Podľa vynálezu je výhodné, ak sa použije ako klastický materiál okrem zlievárenského piesku, ložového popola aj flotačná hlušina a podobne.According to the invention, it is advantageous if, in addition to the casting sand, bed ash, flotation tailings and the like are used as clastic material.

Podľa ďalšieho výhodného uskutočnenia vynálezu sa ako materiál s pucolánovými a pufŕovacími vlastnosťami, ktorý pôsobí ako stabilizátor a solidifikátor polutantov v kaloch, použijú okrem úletových popolčekov zo spaľovacieho procesu uhlia a/alebo koksu, cementárske odprašky a alebo i cement a podobne.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in addition to the fly ash from the coal and / or coke combustion process, cement dusts and / or cement and the like are used as material with pozzolanic and buffering properties which act as stabilizer and solidification of pollutants in the sludge.

Jeden z vhodných krokov spôsobu podľa vynálezu potom spočíva v tom, že sa vzniknutá zmes s uvedenými nerozpustnými hydroxidmi ťažkých kovov fixuje do solidifikovanej matrice, inak betónu, a uloží sa ako základka banských priestorov.One of the suitable steps of the process according to the invention consists in fixing the resulting mixture with said insoluble heavy metal hydroxides into a solidified matrix, otherwise concrete, and depositing it as a foundation of the mining space.

Podstatná výhoda riešenia podľa vynálezu spočíva v tom, že polutanty, respektíve ťažké kovy z oceliarenských a/alebo vysokopecných kalov, prípadne ďalšie materiály obdobného zloženia, ktoré predstavujú pre životné prostredie veľmi nebezpečné odpady, sú vo výslednej zmesi chemicky i fyzikálne viazané vo forme nerozpustných hydroxidov.The main advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the pollutants or heavy metals from steel and / or blast furnace sludges or other materials of similar composition, which represent very hazardous waste for the environment, are chemically and physically bound in the resulting mixture in the form of insoluble hydroxides. .

Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Na lepšie pochopenie sa teraz bližšie objasní podstata vynálezu v príkladoch vhodného konkrétneho uskutočnenia.For a better understanding, the invention will now be described in more detail by way of examples of suitable specific embodiments.

Príklad 1Example 1

Podľa tejto aplikácie spôsobu podľa vynálezu sa vytvára výsledná zmes vhodná na sanačne-rekultivačnú hmotu tak, že sa zmieša 40 hmotn. dielov úletových popolčekov so 40 hmotn. dielmi zlievárenských pieskov a s 20 hmotn. dielmi oceliarenských a/alebo vysokopecných kalov.According to this application of the process according to the invention, the resulting mixture suitable for the remediation-reclamation mass is formed by mixing 40 wt. parts of fly ash with 40 wt. parts of foundry sands and with 20 wt. parts of steel and / or blast furnace sludges.

Príklad 2Example 2

Podľa tejto výhodnej formy uskutočnenia vhodnej na nerozplaviteľnú základovú zmes na zaplňovanie vyrúbaných banských priestorov sa zmieša 40 hmotn. dielov úletových popolčekov s 20 hmotn. dielmi zlievárenských pieskov a s 40 hmotn. dielmi oceliarenských a/alebo vysokopecných kalov.According to this preferred embodiment suitable for the non-drinkable base mixture for filling the mined excavated spaces, 40 wt. parts of fly ash with 20 wt. parts of foundry sands and with 40 wt. parts of steel and / or blast furnace sludges.

Je samozrejmé, že sa rozsah vynálezu neobmedzuje ten na uvedené príklady uskutočnenia, ale sa všeobecne týka celého riešenia, ako vyplýva v rámci technickej ekvivalencie z podstaty vynálezu a patentových nárokov.It goes without saying that the scope of the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments given, but generally relates to the whole solution, as will be understood by the technical equivalence of the invention and the claims.

Z uvedeného je zrejmé, že spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu a materiál, ktorý aplikáciou tohto spôsobu vzniká, nachádza uplatnenie najmä ako druhotná surovina do bansko-stavebných, respektíve sanačno-rekultivačných materiálov použiteľných účelne práve v miestach vzniku uvedených nebezpečných odpadov.It is clear from the above that the method of disposal of hazardous waste and the material resulting from the application of this method finds application particularly as a secondary raw material in mining-construction or rehabilitation and reclamation materials, which can be used specifically in the places where the hazardous waste is generated.

Claims (4)

PATENTOVÉ NÁROKYPATENT CLAIMS 1. Spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu s obsahom ťažkých kovov, najmä oceliarenských a vysokopecných kalov s obsahom kadmia, olova, zinku, medi, železa, chrómu, kobaltu, niklu a podobne, pri ktorom sa na vytvorenie nerozplaviteľných foriem ťažkých kovov používajú úletové popolčeky, zlievarenský piesok a ložový popol, pričom výsledná zmes je uložiteľná ako základka banských priestorov a/alebo použiteľná ako sanačno-rekultivačná hmota, vyznačujúci sa tým, že sa kal zmieša s klastickým materiálom s psamiticko-psefetickou frakciou a s materiálom s pucolánovými a pufŕovacími vlastnosťami za vzniku nerozplaviteľnej hmoty.1. A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, in particular steel and blast furnace sludges containing cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel and the like, using fly ash, foundry sand and bed ash, the resulting mixture being depositable as a foundation of the mining space and / or usable as a remediation-reclamation mass, characterized in that the sludge is mixed with a clastic material with a psamitic-psefetic fraction and a material with pozzolanic and buffering properties mass. 2. Spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu podľa nároku 1,vyznačujúci sa t ý m , že sa ako klastický materiál použije okrem zlievarenského piesku, ložového popola a/aj ŕlotačná hlušina.Hazardous waste disposal method according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to foundry sand, bed ash and / or a sludge tailings, a clastic material is used. 3. Spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu podľa nároku 1 alebo 2, vyznačujúci sa tým, že sa ako materiál s pucolánovými a pufrovacími vlastnosťami, ktorý pôsobí ako stabilizátor a solidifikátor polutantov v kaloch, použijú okrem úletových popolčekov zo spaľovacieho procesu uhlia a/alebo koksu, cementárske odprašky a/alebo aj cement.Hazardous waste disposal method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in addition to the fly ash from the coal and / or coke combustion process, as cement with a pozzolanic and buffering property acting as a stabilizer and a solidifier of pollutants in the sludge, dust and / or cement. 4. Spôsob likvidácie nebezpečného odpadu podľa nároku laž 3, vyznačujúci sa tým, že sa vzniknutá zmes s nerozpustnými hydroxidmi ťažkých kovov fixuje do solidifikovanej matrice a uloží sa.Hazardous waste disposal method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the resulting mixture with insoluble heavy metal hydroxides is fixed in a solidified matrix and stored.
SK1400-2001A 2001-02-26 2001-10-02 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals SK285823B6 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ20010730A CZ296222B6 (en) 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SK14002001A3 SK14002001A3 (en) 2002-09-10
SK285823B6 true SK285823B6 (en) 2007-09-06

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ID=5473223

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SK1400-2001A SK285823B6 (en) 2001-02-26 2001-10-02 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals

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EP (1) EP1363708A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ296222B6 (en)
PL (1) PL203271B1 (en)
SK (1) SK285823B6 (en)
WO (1) WO2002068062A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1035487C2 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-01 Roelof Dirk Schuiling Underground cavity filling method for floor, involves filling underground cavities in floor with steel slag grains, and condensing steel slag grains into compact mass by injecting sulfuric acid

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226630A (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-07 Amax Resource Recovery Systems, Inc. Leach-resistant solid bodies from fly ash and heavy metal sludge
IT1194344B (en) * 1983-07-26 1988-09-14 Ecodeco Sist Srl PROCESS FOR THE INERTIZATION OF INORGANIC INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE
JPH0369535A (en) * 1989-08-08 1991-03-25 Nippon Jiryoku Senko Kk Utilizing method for dust in steel manufacture
DE4436229C2 (en) * 1994-10-11 1997-04-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Filler for filling mine shafts and underground cavities as well as for sealing and solidifying subsoil and method for producing the filler
GB9511700D0 (en) * 1995-06-09 1995-08-02 Sandoz Ltd Improvements in or relating to organic compounds
JP4092667B2 (en) * 1996-09-30 2008-05-28 エヌ ヴェ ユミコア ソシエテ アノニム Method for converting iron-containing residues into artificial rock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ2001730A3 (en) 2002-10-16
SK14002001A3 (en) 2002-09-10
EP1363708A1 (en) 2003-11-26
CZ296222B6 (en) 2006-02-15
PL362311A1 (en) 2004-10-18
PL203271B1 (en) 2009-09-30
WO2002068062A1 (en) 2002-09-06

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MM4A Patent lapsed due to non-payment of maintenance fees

Effective date: 20201002