SK279395B6 - Integrated power block - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated power block provides a mutual conversion of gas pressure energy, liquid pressure energy, mechanic and electric energy. The integrated power block consists of a hydraulic circuit (H), generator of a pneumatic a hydraulic pressure (2) and a pneumatic circuit (P). The hydraulic circuit (H) consists of a supply and offlet pipe, rotary hydraulic machine (3), electric generator (4) and a non-pressure water tank (29). The generator of the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure (2) comprises a space for the gas pressure (8) and a space for the liquid pressure (5). The pneumatic circuit (P) has at least one source of gaseous pressure medium (1) and a vent (Vp).

Description

Technical field

The uniform energy block according to the invention allows each gaseous pressure medium to be converted into mechanical work in a rotating hydraulic machine - to generate electricity and to store the compressed gas and the electric energy into the compressed gas compressed energy.

It itself falls within the field of power engineering for the production of pressurized gas power, such as a gas-pressure power plant, solar radiation, as a solar-pressure power plant, superheated gases and vapors, as a thermohydraulic gas-pressure and thermohydraulic steam power plant with heating circuits. pressure gas and electric energy to the pressure energy of the pressure gas and its production on the same equipment as the gas-pressure storage power plant. In essence, as a multi-purpose return machine, it also falls within the fields of pumping and compressor technology and among the driving machines, such as a pneumatic-hydraulic motor and a thermohydraulic motor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It should be noted that the single energy block for generating electricity from pressurized gas, solar radiation, superheated gases and vapors and liquids and for storing those energies, including electricity, as possible in the single energy block, is not known worldwide.

There are only separate energy blocks for converting thermal energy (obtained from chemical, nuclear, solar or geothermal energy), for mechanical work in expansion turbines, hydropower in wind turbines and wind in wind engines, such as thermal, nuclear, geothermal, thermal- salt, water, pumping and wind.

There are no known power plants that would allow waste-free production of electricity from compressed gas, eg. in natural deposits, at temperatures around 20 ° C, with energy efficiency at the level of catchment power plants, without changing the chemical properties of the gas.

There is also no known gas-fired storage power plant that would allow the accumulation of electrical energy into the compressed energy of the compressed gas, e.g. in an excavated natural deposit and back from it at the same facility, without adversely affecting the ecology of the landscape and with energy efficiency at the level of pumped storage plants. Until now, electricity can only be stored in storage plants with natural water storage and pumped storage plants. Moreover, such sites for the construction of pumped-storage power stations are scarce on the earth's surface and require significant interventions in the landscape's ecology. With regard to the storage of pressurized gas in underground bearings and other reservoirs, by compressing the gas with electro-compressors, it is not possible in the prior art to recover electricity from the accumulated pressurized gas on the same device.

There is also no known solar-pressure power plant, which would enable waste-free production of electricity from a boundless energy source - solar heat, converted to mechanical work in a rotating hydraulic machine.

There is also no known thermohydraulic steam and thermohydraulic gas-fired power plant with heating circuits in which the pressure components of the superheated gases and vapors would be converted by means of a liquid charge directly to mechanical work in a rotating hydraulic machine. So far, there are only two ways of converting superheated gases and vapors for mechanical work in rotating machines, namely: removing their work by the piston of the piston machine and the blade mechanism of the expansion turbines.

There is no known multipurpose return machine for the interconversion of pressurized gas, liquid, mechanical and electrical energy. There are only dedicated machines that convert one energy to another. Only one dual-purpose machine - reverse turbine - performs the return process. On the other hand, the single energy block can operate in one direction as a gas-pressure pump, as a pneumatic-hydraulic motor and as a gas-pressure power plant, and in the opposite direction as an electric pump, as an electrocompressor or gas-accumulation power plant.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The single energy block consisting of a hydraulic circuit consisting of an inlet and outlet piping, a rotating hydraulic machine, an electric generator and a non-pressurized liquid tank is connected to a liquid-filling space of at least one pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator. the pressure charge is connected by a pneumatic circuit to at least one source of the gaseous pressure medium and opens to an outlet which is at the same time an entrance to the gas pressure medium distribution network.

Further, the invention is characterized in that the pneumatic circuit is provided with a control technique, having at least one pressure sensor of the gaseous pressure medium, at least one minimum height sensor and one maximum liquid level sensor in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator, at least one closure on the bypass pipe; a pressure regulator of the gaseous pressure medium, at least one main closure of the gaseous pressure medium and at least one closure of the gaseous pressure medium.

It is also an object of the invention that the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator is a pressure vessel; that the pressureless liquid reservoirs are proprietary pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators; that at least two pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators are interconnected, their interconnected pneumatic circuits being connected to at least one gas pressure medium source, at least one gas pressure medium outlet and their hydraulic circuits interconnected in front of the rotating hydraulic machine and behind the rotating hydraulic machine and that its pneumatic circuits and hydraulic circuits are interconnected with the sources of the gaseous pressure medium and with the pneumatic and hydraulic generators and with the rotating hydraulic machines and with the pressureless liquid tanks.

Finally, the invention also resides in that its source of gaseous pressure medium is at least a natural pressure gas deposit or a surface gas reservoir or distribution

2796 a pressure gas system, or a steam boiler, or a geothermal source, or a gas pressure combustion chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 - general scheme of the single energy block.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a gas-pressure power plant.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of a solar pressure power plant.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of a thermohydraulic steam power plant.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of a thermohydraulic gas-pressure power plant.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a multi-purpose machine.

Fig. 7 is a diagram of a two-chamber reversible compressor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1 Gas-pressure power plant for waste-free production of pressurized gas power (Fig. 2).

The pressurized gas 32 accumulated e.g. A single power block for converting this energy into the pressure energy of the liquid in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 and for mechanical work in a rotating hydraulic machine of a 3-water turbine, followed by The production of electricity in the electric generator 4, such as a gas-pressure power plant, is apparent from the functional diagram of FIG. no. Second

The whole cycle of operation of the gas-pressure power plant proceeds as follows: Natural pressure gas 32, accumulated in the natural bearing 39, as a perfectly resilient gaseous pressure medium 32 capable of working, enters the power plant through the gas pressure line 17 through the gas pressure regulator 13 reduced to the required working pressure (e.g. 5MPa) by which it presses to the liquid filling level 9 in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2. The shutters 16 and 19 are closed and 14,15 and 11 are open. Upon opening of the liquid shutters 22, 23 and 27, this is forced into the rotating hydraulic machine 3 (in this case by a pressure corresponding to a water drop of 500 m / s) which drives the electric generator 4. The water shutters 24, 30 and 38 are closed. From there it flows through the cap 35 to the degasser 34 (where it is free of absorbed gas) and through the liquid drain pipe 28 to a non-pressurized liquid tank 29. Waste gases from the degasser 34 are discharged to the consumption point by the gas evacuation device 36. If it is not necessary to drain the absorbed gas from the liquid, then the liquid through the drain plug 27 is discharged via the liquid drain pipe 28 directly to the pressureless liquid tank 29 or through the plug 30 to the liquid outlet Vk2 and into the liquid distribution network 31.

When the minimum fluid level sensor 9 in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 registers its minimum height, the shutter 15 behind the pressure regulator and the main liquid shutter 22 are closed, the shut-off valve 19 is opened and the pressurized gas is discharged through the outlet Vp the pressure gas network 20. These operations ended the working cycle of the rotating hydraulic machine 3 and the generation of electricity.

In this state, the pressure in the gas charge space 8 drops to the desired pressure in the pressure gas distribution network 20. When the gas pressure sensor 18 detects a drop in the gas pressure in the gas pressure chamber 8 to values close to the pressure in the gas pressure network 20, the liquid discharge valve 38 opens, which then flows by gravity into the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2, pressure gas, filling it.

When the maximum fluid level sensor 7 detects that the liquid level has been reached, the liquid discharge cap 38 and the pressure gas discharge cap 19 are closed, the shutters 15, 22 and 23 are opened and the water from the liquid filling space 5 starts to drive the rotating hydraulic machine 3 again. .

This process is repeated at intervals at which the offtake of the pressurized gas grid 20 requires it, or when the gas-pressure power plant is operating with variable power, possibly at peak power. If it is to operate continuously, it must have at least two pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators 2 which are actuated alternately.

Another method of producing electricity in a gas-pressure power plant results from the modified arrangement of a single power block in the form of a two-chamber reversible compressor as described in Example 1. 6, FIG. 7th

The whole cycle of electricity production will proceed in a similar way as in the previous one. For example: operation of the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 'begins when the gas pressure sensor 18 registers a pressure drop in the gas pressure medium space 8 in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 to values close to the pressure in the gas pressure network 20, the shutters close 15, 22 and 30 '. The pressurized gas 32 enters the openings 15 'and 11' into the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 ', discharging water therefrom through the rotary hydraulic machine 3 into the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2, through the open closures 22', 23 and 30 with simultaneous discharge pressure gas, through the open closures 11 and 19 to the pressure gas distribution network 20. After filling the liquid filling space 5 with water, which registers the maximum height sensor 7, the power generation cycle is terminated. Then, the shutters 19, 22, 30 and 15 'are closed and the gas pressure space 8' is discharged into the consumer network 20. When the gas pressure sensor 18 'registers its drop to values near the gas pressure in the grid 20, they open with shutters 15, 11, 22, 30 'and 19' and power generation respectively. operation of the rotary hydraulic machine 3 continues.

If it is to operate in this manner as a gas-fired power plant with continuous power generation, it should have at least three pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators 2 ', 2 and 2' and at least two interconnected pressure gas outlets Vpj and Vp2 to the distribution network 20. end of the first cycle, eg: after the water is pushed from the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 'through the turbine 3 to the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 and the pressure gas is released from the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2, to a value close to gas pressure in the grid 20, the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 is actuated by the interconnection of the respective regulators with the water outlet through the pipe 3 to the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 ', the pressure gas being discharged from the generator 2' into the distribution network 20. the generator 2 'is switched on and the process is continuous repeats.

The advantages of the gas-fired power plants according to the invention are, in particular, that they make it possible to exploit the unusable pressurized gas energy from natural bearings 39 for the production of electricity to date for this purpose as the primary energy source for doing mechanical work in the rotary hydraulic machine 3. world energy balance, under conditions of the same energy efficiency as hydroelectric power plants, that it expands the range and supplies of primary energy sources suitable for electricity production, from existing fossil, gaseous and nuclear fuels, water and wind energy by pressure gas pressure energy. the amount of electricity produced - 2,5 kWh / 10 Mpa.nĎ, taking into account the losses, η = 0,9, is equivalent to the amount of electricity produced in thermal power plants, by burning 1 rrĎ of natural gas at η = 0,33. This results from the equivalence of the volume pressure energy (p. V = MPa.m3) and the electrical energy (kWh): 10 MPa.nou = 2.82 kWh. This will virtually multiply the world's natural gas supplies for electricity generation and, moreover, compressed gas will become a renewable natural resource as it can be produced in solar pressure plants.

Other advantages are that they can be built anywhere, regardless of terrain configuration; that the pressurized gas source 1 may be connected to a solar pressure generator or a gas pressure combustion chamber; in that its operation does not require external power supply; in that it has the nature of a waste-free production plant and does not adversely affect the ecology of the landscape; in that as a high-pressure gas tank and a pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 it makes it possible to utilize objects or spaces after exploited natural gas deposits, abandoned mining, industrial works, caverns and other underground and above-ground spaces, which is advantageous also from the investment point of view they are spatially disposed in different territorial locations; in that reservoirs or surface water flows etc. can be advantageously used as non-pressurized liquid reservoirs 29, thereby reducing, compared to hydroelectric power stations, where it is not possible to obtain gradients without a versatile increase in soil engagement investments, dams, etc., investment costs also in this respect; in that, after extraction of the natural pressure gas bearing 39, the gas-pressure power plant can be used as an accumulation, having the nature of a pumped-storage power plant. In this case, its reverse turbine allows the accumulation of electrical energy into the pressurized gas and the production of it back on the same equipment.

In another case, it can, in turn, receive, in its pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators 2, and thereby accumulate surface water, as the initial electricity with natural accumulation. Therefore, it can operate with varying power or peak performance, with the ability to store pressure gas and liquid. Advantageously, it can be used to store pressurized gas in underground deposits and other reservoirs and to recover electricity from the accumulated pressurized gas on the same equipment.

It is expedient to utilize the entire pressure gas pressure drop in at least two or the entire cascade of gas pressure power plants which use its pressure drop, except for the pressure necessary to overcome the pressure losses for the transport of the pressure gas.

In natural high pressure gas bearings 39, the peculiarity is not a pressure above 10 MPa, which corresponds to a water drop above 1000 m, which is not found in nature. For this reason, water turbines do not have such very high gradients, even if their use would be appropriate for the rational use of this primary energy source. The concept of gas-fired power plants according to the invention encourages their development as well as the development of new types of rotating hydraulic machines for liquids such as water (eg gasoline, diesel, etc.) or backpressure, while offering all existing low-pressure, medium-pressure and high-pressure hydropower plants. .

Example 2

Gas-fired storage power station for accumulating electric energy into compressed energy of compressed gas, resp. for the storage of pressurized gas in underground deposits and other reservoirs and for the recovery of electricity on the same installation (Figures 2 and 7).

If a reversible turbine 3 with a motor-generator 4 is used in a single energy block (Fig. 2), it will be possible in one direction 4-> 3 -> 2 —► 1 to convert the electric energy in the electric pump 3 to the pressurized energy of the liquid. the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 can be converted into the pressure energy of the compressed gas and stored in this form e.g. in an excavated natural bearing 39 or in a pressurized gas reservoir. In the reverse direction 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4, it will be possible to produce electricity from the accumulated pressure gas already in Example 1 in the manner described above. When compressing the gas of Figure 2, the shutters 35, 38, 30, 24, 19, 15 and 14 will be closed - the others open.

If it is to be used as a classical gas-storage storage power plant, then the pneumatic and hydraulic circuits P and H are closed. If it is to serve as a reservoir of pressurized gas, then the accumulated pressurized gas is used to generate electricity as described above.

For smaller outputs, for balancing uneven production and consumption of electricity, especially in small power plants from renewable natural resources: sunny - the sun is not illuminated at night, water - uneven water flows, wind - uneven air flow, space 8 gaseous can serve as a pressure gas accumulator a pressure medium above the liquid level 9 in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2.

If the gas-fired storage power plant is arranged according to Fig. No. 7, it will operate in the direction 4 -> 3 -> 2 '-> 1 respectively. 4 -> 3 -> 2 -> 1 alternately as a 2-chamber liquid piston compressor, where the enclosed space - the chamber where the gas is compressed - represents a 2 'or 2 ”pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator. For example: when gas compression begins via the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2 ', the shutters 19, 11, 30, 23, 22, 11' and 16 are open - the others are closed. When the minimum water level sensor 6 detects its minimum state, the shutters 19, 30, 22, 15 'are closed and 19', 11 ', 30', 23, 22, 11, 15 and 16 are opened and the gas compression process continues through the generator 2 pneumatic and hydraulic pressure. The re-production of electrical energy is carried out as described in example no. 1, paragraphs 4 and 5.

Example 3

Solar-pressure power plant for waste-free production of solar energy (Fig. 3)

Apparatus for converting solar radiation variable to heat as a boundless energy source 33, for the volumetric work of the pressurized gas 32 in the solar pressure generator 40, is in its further energy transformations, i.e., the compressive energy of the liquid in the pneumatic pressure generator 2 and mechanical work in rotating. hydraulic machine of a 3 - liquid turbine principally identical to a gas - pressure power plant. Its functional diagram is shown in Figure no. 3. The operation of the solar-pressure power plant essentially takes place in the same way as in the gas-pressure power plants described in Example 1.

The performance of solar-pressure power plants can be increased by installing solar reflectors or mirrors 37, reflecting solar radiation 33 converted to heat onto the surface of the solar-pressure generator 40, according to the law of reflection and increasing the initial pressure of the gaseous pressure medium 32. This is achieved by interconnecting the solar-pressure generator 40 with a gas-fired combustion chamber 41, or a natural gas-pressure bearing 39, or a gas-gas storage, in the form of a combined solar-gas-pressure power plant, or by compressing the gas while reversing the reverse turbine 3; after sundown and gravity gravity 26 from the non-pressurized tank 29 above (alt. 1, as shown in Figure 2), or from a corresponding 2 'or 2 pneumatic and hydraulic pressure filled generator (alt. 2, as shown in Figure 7) ).

At sites without distribution networks, it is advisable to use at least two solar-pressure power plants connected in series, one of which would operate as a gas-pressure storage power plant (in Example 2) producing electricity from the accumulated compressed gas after sunset. By interconnecting the solar pressure generator 40 with the gas pressure combustion chamber 41 or the bearing 39 or the pressure gas reservoir, it is possible to ensure the generation of electricity, even if the sun is not lit and in addition, the pressure gas thus becomes a renewable energy source. Accumulated heat can be used in the grid 20 superheated gases and 25 warmed liquid.

Example 4

Thermohydraulic steam power plant with steam and hot water heating circuit (Fig. No. 4).

If a steam generator 42 (boiler) is used as the source of the gaseous pressure medium in the apparatus according to the invention, the primary energy source 33 will be e.g. fossil fuels or a geothermal source, then a single energy source will operate as a thermohydraulic heating plant. The pressure component of the superheated vapor will be changed by the liquid filling directly to mechanical work in the rotating hydraulic machine 3 and the thermal components thereof will be used for heating purposes.

Part of the steam can be used for heating purposes already during operation of the rotating hydraulic machine 3 or only after the end of the working cycle from the accumulated steam in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2. The part of the steam that is liquefied and the heat that passes from the steam to the dripping of the new charge is used for heating purposes in the form of warmed water before or after leaving the rotating hydraulic machine 3.

Example 5

Thermohydraulic gas-pressure power plant with gas and hot-water heating circuit (Fig. 5).

If the pressurized gas is heated within the solenoid generator 40 or the source 1 of the pressurized gas medium will be a gas-pressure combustion chamber 41 in which the pressurized gas will be heated e.g. by combustion of natural gas, then the energy transformations of superheated pressurized gas to mechanical work in the rotating hydraulic machine 3 will proceed in an analogous manner to the previous examples. Alternatively, the pressurized combustion chamber 41 may be with indirect heating of the pressurized gas 32 - the flue gas leaving the chimney, or with direct heating of the pressurized gas 32 - where the actual pressurized medium will be the flue gas.

Example 6

A multipurpose reciprocating machine for the conversion of pressurized gas, liquid, mechanical work and electrical energy (Fig. 6) and a functional diagram of one of many applications, such as a dual-chamber reversible compressor (Fig. 7).

A single energy block, as a multi-purpose machine in its energy transformations, can work in one direction as:

: PETP - accumulator gas pressure

1-2: TETP -> TEK - gas pressure pump

1-2-3: TETP -> TEK -> MP THS - pneumatic-hydraulic engine

1-2-3-4: TEPT - + TEK -> MP THS -> EE - reverse pressure power plant:

4 : EE - electro 4-3 : EE -> MP THS - electric pump 4-3-2 : EE -> MP THS -> TEK - electro-compressor with liquid piston 4-3-21 : EE-> MP THS-> TEK-> TETP-

storage power plant respectively. accumulation of pressure gas

From the block diagram of FIG. no. 6, it is clear that other reversible pneumatic, hydraulic and mechanical operations can also be performed.

An example of an embodiment of a dual-chamber reversible compressor as one of many applications of this apparatus is shown in FIG. 7th

A single power block modified as a two-chamber reversible compressor has two interconnected pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators 2 'and 2. Their pneumatic circuits P are connected to a dredged compressed gas bearing 39 or other underground compressed gas reservoir or an overhead gas tank or vane and to a common outlet Vp which is also a return line for the inlet and outlet of compressed gas 32 to and from the gas 20 pressure medium. Their hydraulic circuits H are closed and interconnected before and after the rotating 3 hydraulic machine - reverse turbine. The non-pressurized fluid tank 29 is alternately replaced by one generator 2 'or the other pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator 2.

Compressed gas storage and accumulation of compressed gas resp. the accumulation of electric energy into the pressurized energy of the pressurized gas will take place by alternating interconnection of the 2 'and 2 pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators in the direction of 4 - 3 - 2' -1, respectively. 4 - 3 - 2 -1, the method set forth in Example no. 2, paragraph 3. The re-generation of electricity from accumulated gas in the 1 - 2 '- 3 - 4 direction respectively 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 will proceed as described in example no. 1, paragraphs 4 and 5.

Industrial usability

A single power block or system of such blocks, according to the invention, can be used for waste-free power generation from pressurized gas, such as a gas-fired power plant, thereby increasing usable supplies and assortment of primary energy sources by two renewable sources. solar-pressure generators produce. It can also be used for economical production of electricity from superheated gases and steam, as a thermohydraulic steam power plant with a steam and hot water heating circuit and a thermohydraulic gas pressure power plant with a gas and hot water heating circuit.

It can furthermore be used for the storage of electricity, such as a gas-pressure storage, for the storage of pressurized gas, for the recovery of electricity, and for the storage of heat and water; for more rational use of surface water and for further exploitation of mined deposits, abandoned mining works, caverns and other underground and above-ground areas.

In essence, this power block can be used as a multipurpose return machine, for the interconversion of pressurized gas, liquid, mechanical and electrical energy, particularly in the fields of pumping and compressor technology, e.g. as a two-chamber reversible compressor or as a pneumatic-hydraulic or thermohydraulic engine.

at least one main closure (11) of the gaseous pressure medium and at least one closure (19) of the outlet of the gaseous pressure medium.

Claims (2)

The unit power unit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator (2) is a pressure vessel. Unit power block according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressureless liquid tank (29) is own pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators (2). The unit power unit according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least two pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators (2) are connected to each other, their connected pneumatic circuits (P) being connected to at least one gas pressure medium source (1). , at least one outlet (Vp) of the gaseous pressure medium and their hydraulic circuits (H) are interconnected in front of the rotating hydraulic machine (3) and behind the rotating hydraulic machine (3). Single power block according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that its pneumatic circuits (P) and hydraulic circuits (H) are with gas pressure medium sources (1) and pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generators (2) and rotary hydraulic machines. (3) and with pressureless liquid tanks (29) interconnected. The unit power unit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that its source (1) of gaseous pressure medium is at least a natural pressure gas bearing (39) or a surface gas tank or a pressure gas distribution system or a steam boiler (42) or a geothermal source. or a combustion chamber (41) gas pressure. 4 drawings PATENT CLAIMS A single power block comprising a hydraulic circuit (H), comprising an inlet and outlet piping, a rotating hydraulic machine, an electric generator and a non-pressurized liquid tank, and connected to the liquid filling space (5) of at least one pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator (2) characterized in that the pressure filling space (8) of the at least one pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator (2) is connected by a pneumatic circuit (P) to at least one gas pressure medium source (1) and the pneumatic circuit (P) opens into an outlet ( Vp), which is at the same time an input into the distribution network (20) of the gaseous pressure medium. A unit power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic circuit (P) is provided with control technology and has at least one pressure sensor (18) of gaseous pressure medium, at least one minimum height sensor (6) and one maximum liquid level sensor (7) in the pneumatic and hydraulic pressure generator (2), at least one bypass (16) on the bypass line or a gas pressure regulator (13);