SK2172020U1 - Method of improving the acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the external wall of low-energy or passive buildings by replacing the wet plaster process with a dry process - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the technical solution is the insulation of the wall of a low-energy or passive building consisting of ground bricks filled with mineral wool, on which a Gecon 10 board is glued on the outside with assembly PUR glue and a layer of glue glued (glue) and a layer of facade silicone plaster. The inner layer of the wall consists of a glued Gecon 10 or Gecon 20 board, a net glued (glue) and an internal plaster. The advantage of this system is fast and dry application, improving the thermal properties and thermal resistance of the wall, improving the airborne soundproofing of the wall at medium and high noise frequency, quickly achieving wall evenness, the possibility of using fasteners on the inner wall (paintings, lamps, etc.), milling grooves for electrical installation, resp. for water pipes without damaging the brick and relieving the statics of the building.

Description

SK 217-2020 U1

The field of technology

The technical solution concerns the perimeter load-bearing wall of a low-energy building, consisting of bricks filled with mineral wool, acoustic boards with a fire-resistant effect and covering layers.

Current state of the art

At present, organic materials based on artificial polymers - extruded polystyrene or wood-based - insulating wood fiber boards, or inorganic materials such as basalt wool or glass wool are most often used to insulate houses and buildings.

Extruded polystyrene is the most widely used material in our country for the insulation of houses for living and accommodation and civic amenities buildings. They are finished with plaster. It is characterized by very low thermal conductivity - the coefficient of thermal conductivity is in the range λ = 0.033 to 0.037 W/m.K. Standard polystyrene is relatively sensitive to UV radiation. Its resistance to temperature is very low, it can be used up to 70 °C, but for easy aging it can only be used up to a temperature of 55 °C. Styrofoam burns with a yellow, very smoky flame accompanied by a sweet benzene smell. Combustion products are harmful to health if inhaled.

Insulating boards based on wood fibers (DVDN) are materials used for thermal insulation of houses, residential buildings and accommodation. They are finished with plaster. The coefficient of thermal conductivity ranges from 0.039 to 0.050 W/m.K, depending on the density of the insulation board. They are fully ecological, the production process and the raw materials used are also ecological. They are suitable for ensuring sound and footfall soundproofing of building structures.

Insulating material based on stone wool (e.g. Nobasil) and glass wool is made from mineral wool bonded with artificial resin. It is intended for thermal, acoustic and fireproof insulation of facades and wall structures from the exterior side in a contact manner with subsequent surface treatment with plaster. The coefficient of thermal conductivity ranges from 0.032 to 0.044 W/m.K, depending on the density of the insulation board.

Perimeter walls without the need to use additional insulation can be prepared using ground bricks filled with mineral wool (e.g. Porotherm) for walls between 30 and 50 cm thick. These are characterized by contemporary thermal insulation and acoustic properties. The coefficient of thermal conductivity varies depending on the thickness of the brick from 0.13 to 0.20 W/m.K and the weighted laboratory sound insulation from 43 to 51 dB measured at a low noise frequency of 100 Hz. The disadvantage of using these bricks is the natural unevenness of the wall and at the same time the possibility of damage to the brick when drilling holes for electrical and plumbing resp. I am nailing picture holders. These disadvantages are solved by applying a two-cm-thick layer of plaster from the exterior and from 2 to 5 cm (depending on the use and the manufacturer's requirements) from the interior to the surface of the brick wall. This modification is thus more financially demanding.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the technical solution is to speed up the construction process, significantly save construction costs, and at the same time improve the acoustic (medium and high frequency) and insulating properties of the brick wall by using a fireproof, waterproof acoustic board in the exterior and a waterproof acoustic board in the interior. The waterproof acoustic board is made from a homogenized mixture that contains 90-99% by weight of crushed composite waste from primary production and sorted municipal waste (plastics, wood chips, paper, etc.) and 1-10% by weight of a disperse-silicate additive. Paper or other flat material is usually used for the surface of the boards. To improve adhesion and other properties, it is possible to use PE foil of different thicknesses under the covering layer of the paper. The composite is characterized by low surface weight (8.5 kg - 10 kg /m ² at 10 mm thickness), high air sound insulation (Rw = 32 dB at 10 mm thickness), excellent improvement of footfall noise (Δ Lw = 26 to 35 dB Ln , r, w = 43 to 52 dB), harmless to health (formaldehyde-free) and fire resistance (E30/EI30/EW30 (30 minutes).

The advantage of this system is the easy and dry application of waterproof acoustic boards (gluing the boards to the wall with mounting PUR glue), which can be finished. The system using waterproof acoustic boards improves the thermal properties and thermal resistance of the wall. It improves the air sound insulation of the wall, achieves a smooth evenness of the wall, allows the use of connecting and hanging elements on the inner wall (pictures, lamps, etc.). Allows you to perform milling of the groove for electrical installation, or when using waterproof acoustic boards also for water pipes without damaging the brick, which is of great importance in the construction of passive houses, since this does not cause heat leaks and does not impair the insulating properties of the walls. By using this system, the statics of the building are lightened by at least 50% of the weight of the materials used (thick plaster compared to waterproof acoustic board) compared to the wet construction process. At the same time, the recycling quota of building products in construction is increasing.

SK 217-2020 U1

Implementation examples

When preparing the outer wall, a waterproof acoustic board with dimensions of 1,200 x 800 x 10 mm or, in the case of an internal wall, an area of waterproof acoustic board with dimensions of 1,200 x 800 x 20 mm is applied in stripes or points with an application gun. assembly PUR glue in a width of approx. 3 cm and approx. 5 cm apart. After applying the adhesive, the waterproof acoustic board is stuck to the wall. The board is lightly supported for about 3 to 5 minutes. High strength is achieved by the glued joint after about 20 minutes after sticking the waterproof acoustic board on the wall. After sticking the planks on the wall, glue and mesh are applied to the surface of the planks. After ripening, a layer of facade silicone plaster is applied in the case of the exterior or internal plaster 10 in the case of the interior.

Industrial applicability

The technical solution can be used in the construction industry, especially in the construction of low-energy and passive houses, to improve the sound-insulating properties of perimeter walls while reducing the costs of their implementation by replacing the wet construction process with a dry process.

Claims (2)

SK 217-2020 U1 CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION 1. A method of improving the acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the perimeter wall of low-energy or passive buildings by replacing the wet plastering construction process with a dry process, characterized by the fact that a) the exterior part of the perimeter wall made of ground bricks filled with mineral wool is glued with a low-expansion PUR assembly adhesive waterproof 10 mm thick acoustic board with a fire-resistant effect, on which the mesh and silicone facade plaster are applied with glue; and at the same time b) on the interior part of the perimeter wall made of ground bricks filled with mineral wool, a waterproof acoustic board with a fire-resistant effect in thickness 10 to 10 mm or 20 mm is glued with low-expansion assembly PUR glue, on which mesh and interior plaster are applied with glue. 2. A method of improving the acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the perimeter wall of low-energy or passive buildings by replacing the wet plaster construction process with a dry process according to claim 1, characterized in that the core of the waterproof acoustic board with a fire-fighting effect is 90 to 99% by weight of the board made up of sorted recyclable waste from plastics, wood sap, paper, dried palm leaves, rice husks, linseed husks, paper sludge, corrugated cardboard, biopolymers, composite packaging alone or in a mixture, which is combined in 1 to 10% of the weight of the board with a dispersion-silicate additive. End of document