SK212591A3 - Calorimetric catcher for measuring of heat consumption of heating body - Google Patents

Calorimetric catcher for measuring of heat consumption of heating body Download PDF

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Publication number
SK212591A3
SK212591A3 SK212591A SK212591A SK212591A3 SK 212591 A3 SK212591 A3 SK 212591A3 SK 212591 A SK212591 A SK 212591A SK 212591 A SK212591 A SK 212591A SK 212591 A3 SK212591 A3 SK 212591A3
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Slovakia
Prior art keywords
calorimetric
measuring
heat
sensor
changes
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SK212591A
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Slovak (sk)
Inventor
Stanislav Simor
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Stanislav Simor
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Publication of SK212591A3 publication Critical patent/SK212591A3/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K17/00Measuring quantity of heat
    • G01K17/06Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
    • G01K17/08Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
    • G01K17/20Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature across a radiating surface, combined with ascertainment of the heat transmission coefficient

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

A calorimetric sensing device is suitable for measurement of thermal energy consumption and consist from the metal calorimetric body (1) with defined cross-section, equipped with heat-conducting ring (11) on inlet, with the first and the second inner temperature sensing elements (2, 3), which are placed on the calorimetric body (1) in defined distance and with the cooler (12) with defined cooling surface on the outlet. The calorimetric body (1) up to the cooler (12) is embraced by thermo-insulating layer (5), with cover (6) on which is placed external sensing element (4). The first and the second inner temperature sensing element (2, 3) and the external sensing element (4) are connected by measuring traces (7) with the evaluating unit (8). The calorimetric sensing device enables to take in consideration at the final calculation of the thermal energy consumption the instantaneous changes of convection conditions as well as changes of the heat transfer coefficient, changes of moisture and the changes in mass of heated air. Thehigh accuracy of measurement is achieved.

Description

Vynález sa týka kalorimetrického snímača spotreby tepelnej energie v bytoch a miestnostiach s diaíkovým teplovodným vykurovaním, u ktorého sa rieši princíp merania nedeštruktívnou metódou bez merania prietoku teplonosného média·The invention relates to a calorimetric sensor of thermal energy consumption in apartments and rooms with remote hot water heating, in which the principle of measurement by a non-destructive method is solved without measuring the flow rate of the heat transfer medium.

V súčasnosti používané meradlá spotreby tepelnej energie môžme rozdeliť do dvoch skupín· Meradlá pracujúce na princípe snímania prietoku teplonosného média a rozdielu teplôt na vstupe a výstupe do meraného objektu. Tieto meradlá nie sú vhodné na montáž do bytov pretože ich inštalácia si vyžaduje deštruktívny mechanický zásah do vykurovacieho systému pričom by muselo byť použitých tóíko snímačov prietoku a teplôt, koíko je v byte vykurovacích telies Čo je cenovo neúnosné. V druhej skupine sú meradlá, ktoré snímajú teplotu v miestnosti, alebo rozdiel teplôt povrchu vyhrievacieho telesa a vzduchu vo vykurovanej miestnosti. Tieto meradlá sú cenovo dostupné i pri väčšom počte snímačov avšak ich chyba merania je velmi vysoká nakoíko nezohíadňujú zmeny súoiniteía postupu tepla zmenou konvekcie. Chyby takýchto meraní dosahujú až 100 % meranej hodnoty.The currently used heat consumption meters can be divided into two groups. • Measuring instruments working on the principle of sensing the flow of heat transfer medium and the difference in temperatures at the inlet and outlet to the measured object. These meters are not suitable for installation in homes because their installation requires destructive mechanical intervention in the heating system and would have to use as many flow and temperature sensors as there are in the apartment radiators. In the second group there are gauges that sense the room temperature or the difference between the surface temperature of the heater and the air in the heated room. These gauges are affordable even with a larger number of sensors, but their measurement error is very high since they do not take into account the changes in heat transfer coefficients by changing convection. The errors of such measurements reach up to 100% of the measured value.

Vyššie uvedené nedostatky sa odstraňujú kalorimetrickým snímačom pre meranie spotreby tepla vykurovacíoh telies podía vynálezu, podstatou ktorého je meranie okamžitej hodnoty súČiniteía paoesstupu fôpla podía podmienok konvekcia v reálnom čase kovovým kalorimetrom a následne dosadenie zmeranej hodnoty do fyzikálnych vzťahov pre konečný výpočet spotreby tepla. Na kovovom kalorimetrickom teliesku s definovaným prierezom a súčiniteíom teplotnej vodivosti sú dve meracie miesta teploty o známenj vzdialenosti. Na vstupe tepelného toku je teplovodivý prstenec a na výstupe chladič so známou chladiacou plochou. Celý merací systém okrem chladiča je tepelne voči okoliu izolovaný. Na kryte tepelnej izolácie je umiestnený teplotný snímač pre snímanie teploty vzduchu omývajúceho chladič kalorimetra.The above-mentioned shortcomings are overcome by a calorimetric sensor for measuring the heat consumption of the heating elements according to the invention, which consists in measuring the instantaneous value of the coefficient of the flap according to the convection conditions in real time with a metal calorimeter. On a metal calorimetric body with a defined cross-section and a thermal conductivity coefficient, there are two temperature measuring points of known distance. At the inlet of the heat flux there is a heat conducting ring and at the outlet a cooler with a known cooling surface. The entire measuring system except the radiator is thermally insulated from the environment. A thermal sensor for sensing the temperature of the air washing the calorimeter cooler is located on the thermal insulation cover.

Toto riešenie umožní pri konečnom výpočte spotreby tepla zohíadniť okamžite zmeny podmienok konvekcie a tým i súčiniteía prestupu tepla, zmeny vlhkosti a zmeny hmotnosti ohrievaného vzduchu, dosiahne sa zrovnateíná presnosť s metodikami využívajúcimi meranie prietoku a zachovávajú sa výhody nedeštruktívneho merania.This solution will allow for instantaneous account of changes in convection conditions and hence heat transfer coefficient, humidity change and heated air mass when calculating heat consumption, achieving comparable accuracy with flow measurement methodologies and retaining the benefits of non-destructive measurement.

- 2 Na priloženom výkrese je znázornený princíp činnosti tohto snímača, kde na obr· 1 je znázornený snímač v reze nárysu.The attached drawing shows the principle of operation of this sensor, where in FIG. 1 the sensor is in sectional front view.

Snímač pozostáva z kovového kalorimetrického telieska 1 s definovaným prierezom a súčiniteíom teplotnej vodivosti na ktorom sú v meracích otvoroch umiestnené teplotné snímače 2 a j. Na strane vstupu tepelného toku do kciorimetriokého telieska 1 je umiestnený teplovodivý prstenec 8 a na strane výstupu tepelného toku chladič 5. Snímacia časť tepelného toku kalorimetrického telieska 2 s teplovodivým prstencom 8 je od okolia izolovaná tepelnou izoláciou 6 s krytom 7. Na kryte 7 je umiestnený teplotný snímač £ merania teploty vzduchu. Teplotné snímače 2, 4 sú meracími trasami g spojené s vyhodnooovacím zariadením 10, pre matematické spracovanie meraných veličín.The sensor consists of a metal calorimetric body 1 with a defined cross-section and a temperature conductivity coefficient on which temperature sensors 2 and j are located in the measuring holes. The heat conducting ring 8 is located on the heat flux inlet side 1 and the heat sink 5 on the heat flux outlet side. The sensing part of the heat flux calorimetric body 2 with the heat conducting ring 8 is insulated from the surrounding by thermal insulation 6 with a cover 7. temperature sensor 6 for measuring the air temperature. The temperature sensors 2, 4 are connected to the evaluation device 10 for measuring mathematically the measured quantities by measuring paths g.

Kalorimetrický snímač je pripevnený k vyhrievacej ploche výhrevného telesa tak, že vstupná Časť kalorimetrického telieska 2 8 teplovodivým prstencom 8 je teplovodivo spojená s povrchom vyhrievacieho telesa. Veíkosť tepelného toku snímajú dva teplotné snímače 2 a 2 určeného z rozdielu nameraných teplôt známeho prierezu kalorimetrického telieska 2 známeho súčiniteía tepelnej vodivosti a známej vzdialenosti teplotných snímačov. Tepelný tok je cíalej vedený do chladiča 5, ktorý privedenú tepelnú energiu odovzdáva vykurovanému vzduchu v tých istých podmienkach konvekcie, v akých odovzdáva tepelnú energiu vykurovanému vzduchu celé vyhrievacie teleso. Z rozdielu teplôt snímača 2 a snímača 4 20 známej plochy chladiča a známeho množstva odvedeného tepla je určený súčiniteí prestupu tepla v reálnom čase pre dané podmienky konvekcie. Výsledný tepelný výkon vyhrievacieho telesa je určený zo známej výhrevnej plochy vykurovacieho telesa, nameraného súčiniteía prestupu tepla a rozdielu teplôt snímačov 2 a 4 v reálnom čase. Na výsledné množstvo tepla, dodaného vyhrievacím telesom meraného kalorimetrickým snímačom piati vzťah /1/.The calorimetric sensor is attached to the heating surface of the heater so that the inlet portion of the calorimetric body 28 by the heat conducting ring 8 is heat-conductingly connected to the surface of the heater. The heat flux size is sensed by two temperature sensors 2 and 2 determined from the difference in the measured temperatures of the known cross-section of the calorimetric body 2 of the known thermal conductivity coefficient and the known distance of the temperature sensors. The heat flux is further directed to the cooler 5, which transfers the supplied thermal energy to the heated air under the same convection conditions in which it transfers the thermal energy to the heated air throughout the heating element. From the difference between the temperatures of the sensor 2 and the sensor 4 20 of the known radiator surface and the known amount of heat dissipated, the real-time heat transfer coefficient for a given convection condition is determined. The resulting heat output of the heater is determined from the known heating surface of the heater, the measured heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference of the sensors 2 and 4 in real time. The resultant amount of heat delivered by the heater as measured by the calorimetric sensor of the fifth relationship (1).

vzťah /1/relationship / 1 /

pričom t - súčiniteí teplotnej vodivosti materiálu kalorimetrického telieska 2where t - the thermal conductivity of the calorimetric body material 2

- plocha prierezu kalorimetrického telieska 1cross - sectional area of the calorimetric element

- 3 · teplota zo snímača 2 tj - teplota zo snímača 2- temperature from sensor 2 ie - temperature from sensor 2

Sj * výhrevná plocha vykurovacieho telesa t^ - teplota zo snímača 4 · vzdialenosť snímačov 2 a 2Sj * heating surface of the heating element t ^ - temperature from sensor 4 · distance of sensors 2 and 2

Sg *· plocha chladiča ·» časSg * · radiator area · »time

Kalorimetrický snímač pre meranie spotreby tepla vykurova cích telies je možné použiť pre všetky druhy meraní v bytoch, podnikových priestoroch i v priemysle kde sa vyžaduje nedeštruk tívny spôsob merania spotreby tepla.The calorimetric sensor for measuring the heat consumption of heating elements can be used for all types of measurements in flats, business premises and industry where a non-destructive way of measuring heat consumption is required.

Claims (3)

PREDMET VYNÁLEZUOBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1· Kalorimetriaký snímač pre meranie spotreby tepla vykurovacích telies vyznačujúci sa tým, že na kovovom kalorimetrickom teliesku (1) sú umiestnené snímače teploty (2) a (3)» teplovodivý prstenec (8) a chladič (5)» pričom teplotná izolácia (6) s krytom (7) obopína vstupnú teplovýmennú a meraoiu oasť kovového kalorimetrického telieska (1).1 · Calorimetry sensor for measuring the heat consumption of heating elements, characterized in that temperature sensors (2) and (3) are placed on the metal calorimetric body (1) »heat conducting ring (8) and heatsink (5)» with thermal insulation (6) ) with the cover (7) encloses the input heat exchange and measuring part of the metal calorimetric body (1). 2· Kalorimetrický snímač pre meranie spotreby tepla vykurovacích telies podlá bodu 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že na kryte (7) Je umiestnený snímač teploty (4)·Calorimetric sensor for measuring the heat consumption of heating elements according to claim 1, characterized in that a temperature sensor (4) is provided on the cover (7). 3» Kalorimetrický snímač pre meranie spotreby tepla vykurovacích telies podlá bodu 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že teplotný snímač (2), teplotný snímač (3) a teplotný snímač (4) sú meracími trasami (9) spojené s vyhodnocovacím zariadením (10)·3 »A calorimetric sensor for measuring the heat consumption of the radiators according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor (2), the temperature sensor (3) and the temperature sensor (4) are connected to the evaluation device (10) via the measuring lines (9).
SK212591A 1991-07-10 1991-07-10 Calorimetric catcher for measuring of heat consumption of heating body SK212591A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS912125A CZ212591A3 (en) 1991-07-10 1991-07-10 calorimetric transducer for measuring consumption of heat of heating elements

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SK212591A3 true SK212591A3 (en) 1994-05-11

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI96066C (en) * 1994-03-24 1996-04-25 Polar Electro Oy Method and apparatus for determining the internal temperature and coefficient of heat conduction in a structure

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367182A (en) * 1965-06-02 1968-02-06 Nasa Usa Heat flux measuring system
US3724267A (en) * 1970-08-28 1973-04-03 Foster Wheeler Corp Heat flux sensing device
LU65494A1 (en) * 1972-06-09 1973-07-06
IT1135937B (en) * 1980-12-18 1986-08-27 Koma Spa DIFFERENTIAL ENVIRONMENT TEMPERATURE DETECTION DEVICE TO INTEGRATE THE THERMAL LEAKAGE VALUES OR HEAT AMOUNTS IN MEASUREMENTS TO COUNT THE HEAT CONSUMPTION IN THE INDIVIDUAL USES OF A BUILDING WITH CENTRALIZED AIR CONDITIONING
YU42759B (en) * 1982-03-18 1988-12-31 Ljubljana Avtomontaza Heat power gauge

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WO1993001478A2 (en) 1993-01-21
CZ212591A3 (en) 1993-01-13
CZ2473U1 (en) 1994-10-13
WO1993001478A3 (en) 1993-03-18

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