SK13994A3 - Circuing for rectifier substations - Google Patents

Abstract

A circuitry is disclosed for traction current supply rectifier substations having a central rectifier unit that may be controlled, semi-controlled or non-controlled. The line exit is supplied by a quick disconnector (13, 14) whose pole on the side of the line is linked to a coupling subassembly (6, 7) that leads through two looped lines (20, 21) to a switching arrangement (9) composed for example of a switching thyristor (12) and at least one turn-off arm and coupling diodes with a direct current bus bar (3). When a central thyristor semi-block (1) is available, it further contains its own turn-off arrangement (8). This circuitry is suitable for all rectifier substations having a direct current bus bar.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a wiring for rectifiers at a sub-station for supplying electric power to the railway, the sub-station comprising a central rectifier unit. The rectifier unit can be designed as a control unit or a control unit. semi-controlled or uncontrolled.

Rectifier sub-stations for the power supply used in the track sections are adjustable to a certain can reliably disconnect as a direct-current rail with known quick-breakers that trip value and which

r.adcurrent as well as short-circuit current. However, such circuit breakers are relatively expensive due to their mechanical construction and, due partly to the development of an electric arc between the circuit breaker contacts, cause safety problems for the device. In addition, these switches are subject to wear caused, inter alia, by the electric arc during switching, which requires the maintenance of the quick disconnect switch in relatively short periods of time.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

EP-A-206 150 also discloses thyristor switches on a DC bus. The rectifier sub-station contains additional semiconductor switches in the power flow to the rectifier block, which results in greater losses and also requires higher investment costs: In addition, additional valves must be used in order to provide the possibility of re-energizing the brake energy via the rectifiers at the sub-station. .

Another acute fault, current solutions are also known with four choral switches of conductive branch switching, from DD-A-281 485.

on the bus loaded

Apart from the requirement that additional valves also need to be provided for the possibility of re-energizing the braking energy, such a solution for disconnecting a broken track section of the rectifying sub-station of the aforementioned type is unsuitable because of the required short-circuit resistance e.g. for 2000 ms, sizing thyristor switches would require unbearable load.

central rectifier from which used for central fast

It has also been proposed to perform halves as a thyristor block, by means of an arc quenching circuit, whereby the quick-disconnect of the respective tap is switched off in a voltage-free, albeit short break. Thus, further operation can continue. However, there are always short voltage-free pauses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a wiring for the operation of a rectifying substation for supplying a direct current to a railway using a rectifier unit and a quick disconnect in a line track, both cost-effective and reliable at the same time simple to test outlets. short-circuit currents and lines.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the current track outlets are always supplied to the positive DC bus via a quick disconnect and a current transformer. The DC bus is always supplied from the central rectifier. This can be designed as a controlled, preferably semi-guided or uncontrolled rectifier block. At each pole of the quick disconnect a coupling construction unit is provided, consisting of two anti-parallel

vent i lov, preferably diodes that lead to a loop loop, on the which is connected commutating device. This has a connection to positive of the central pole rectifier. (Generally reversed poles i e me too possible). In case, that central rectifier is made than controlled. is except In this arrangement, the quenching device for

a central rectifier block in conjunction with the AC bus.

The commutating device preferably consists of a commutating thyristor to which at least one arc quench is assigned.

The arc quencher is preferably made in a generally known manner, namely consisting of a quench thyristor and a quench capacitor. Preferably, it is connected via a diode to a commutating thyristor.

In a further preferred variant, the commutating unit can also be formed from only one arc-quenching device, if each quick disconnector is assigned its own commutating thyristor. Preferably, in this case, a commutating thyristor and a quenching branch are provided for each current direction.

The wiring works as follows.

In an embodiment with control of the rectifier as the central rectifier, the high short-circuit currents to the fault location are disconnected by switching off the thyristor block by means of a quenching device for the central rectifier block. The inflow to the fault point from the remote feed points is routed through the commutation device and then disconnected by the quenching branch of the commutation device. This is done by opening the corresponding quick disconnect when overcurrent is detected and simultaneously blocking the igniter's pulses for the central rectifier block. At the same time, the quenching thyristor of the quenching device is ignited briefly, and then the commutating thyristor of the commutating device with an appropriate ignition time and at a fixed distance to ignite the signal from the quenching branch quick disconnector of the commutating device.

As described in the prior art, the thyristor block can then be reconnected in order to feed the undisturbed sections further.

Furthermore, at any disconnection of the line terminal, the quick disconnect is actuated and at the same time the commutating thyristor is ignited, so that the current passes from the current path of the quick disconnect current to the quenching thyristor within a short time. After a fixed time delay to ignite the commutation thyristor, or after a signal from the quick disconnect, the arc quenching branch of the commutation device is ignited and a power electronic disconnection occurs independently of the current flowing through the quick disconnect.

In an embodiment with an uncontrolled central rectifier, all line branch offs, that is, such a short circuit current trip, are performed in the last-explained manner.

After any line terminal has been disconnected, a line test can be carried out by means of a commutation thyristor without the need for a special test resistance. With the prior arc quenching circuit, the test current can be disconnected again and the test and test sections can be reconnected, as is already known from the prior art.

If a thyristor is connected downstream of the backflow coupler, then the two backplane valves can be guided to only one loop line as well as the return loop line according to a further preferred variant.

Further advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are described in the other subclaims.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a rectifier sub-station according to the invention with a central semi-controlled rectifier.

In FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a rectifier substation according to the invention with an uncontrolled central rectifier.

In FIG. 3 shows a variant of the circuit according to FIG. 2 with additional spare arc quenching option.

In FIG. 4 shows a variant with a loop guide.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A preferred embodiment of a rectifier sub-station wiring with a semi-controlled rectifier is schematically shown in FIG. First

The central rectifier consists of a thyristor semi-block i, and a diode semi-block 2. It supplies, for example, a positive DC bus. On the positive bus 3 of the direct current, e.g. two track terminals 4 and 5 having a construction coupling unit 6 and 7 according to the invention. In this example, the connection of the track sections is realized so that the traction line sections can feed from the rectifier sub-station shown also from other rectifier sub-stations, so that all traction line sections not shown here are continuously connected. According to the invention, the thyristor-rectifier sub-station also comprises a quenching device 8 and a commutating device 9. The latter can perform any fault disconnection method as well as track tests.

In the event of a fault at track outlet 5, the following occurs:

- blocking of the thyristor semiconductor £,

to ignite the arc thyristors 10 and 11.

- to equip the quick disconnect 14.

- ignition of the commutation thyristor 12a,

- e.g. after a fixed distance time to ignite the first arc thyristor 15 of the commutation device 9.

By closing the thyristor half block 1 and igniting the quenching device 8, the high short-circuit current of the nearby rectifier substation is immediately disconnected. The quick disconnect 14 opens and the resulting voltage drop across the opening path of the disconnector is shorted with a commutating thyristor 12. for now it is not possible to supply power from the more distant sub-station rectifiers via the quick disconnect 14, lie over the coupling diode 17. RL combination 67. ignited commutating thyristor 12, connecting line 18 to zero loop line 20 and thence through auxiliary disconnector 25 and zero diode 27 to the point of failure of the track section 5.

After the disconnection of any track section and ignition of the Lyristor Semiconductor 1, the track can be tested through the coupling diode 17 and the commutating thyristor 12. The test current is again disconnected by the arc quench - the arc thyristor 15 and 15 respectively. 31. a quenching capacitor 35 resp. 36. Alternatively, the disturbed track section can then be reconnected. Alternatively, when the line terminal 5 is permanently disconnected, the two-pole auxiliary disconnectors 24, 25 are opened so that the output to the traction line of the line terminal 5 is completely galvanically separated.

Normal disconnection of the track section will be explained to disconnect the reverse feed current. If the return current flows from line terminal 5 to line terminal 4 and is to be disconnected, then a quick disconnect 14 is tripped and the commutating thyristor 12 ignites. The reverse feed current commutes from the opening quick disconnect 14 to the following circuits; a back-up diode 29, an auxiliary disconnector 24, a back-up loop 21, a back-up line 19 via an ignited commutating thyristor 12. RL combination 66 and a coupling diode 16 to the positive DC bus 3 and where the circuit to track line 4 is closed. had the reverse current flow. In parallel to the diode 16, a part of the reverse supply current also flows through the connection line 18, the auxiliary disconnector 23 and the zero diode 26 to the line terminal 4. 22, the return loop 21 and the commutating thyristor 12.

Since the same sequence of waveforms is still obtained, regardless of the direction of the current, no measurement of the direction of the current is also necessary.

In order to provide a simple redundancy, two arc-quenching branches are advantageously arranged inside the commutation device 9, each arc-quenching branch having arc-quenching capacitors 35, 36 quenching the commutating current by the commutating thyristor 12, namely by switching on the respective arc-quenching thyristor 15 and 15. 31 at a fixed distance with respect to ignition of the commutation thyristor 12.

The quenching capacitor 30 in the quencher 8 with the ignition of the charging thyristors 33, 34 after the quenching process of the thyristor semi-block 7, before it is ignited, runs through the support branch 32 in a very short time so that no redundancy is required. The thyristor half of the flaps 7 is preferably switched back on again after about 6 ms. Vehicles on undisturbed lines will not notice a voltage drop.

Preferably, the used diode 38 provides a connection between the rail (anode) and the track section (cathode) so that, when the short-circuit currents are switched off quickly, the inductances of the lead-in leads do not arise.

The coupling diode 37 ensures fault-free commutation of the fault current from both the thyristor semiconductor and the arc quenching capacitor 30 and at the same time disconnects the support line 32 from the positive DC bus 3.

The preferably used coupling diode 39 guarantees fault-free commutation of the cut-off current by the commutating thyristor 12 to the arc quenching capacitor 35 and the capacitor 35, respectively. 36 and at the same time separates the support line 32, which is electrically connected to the quenching capacitors 35, 36 by the connecting line 40, from the test currents and other currents flowing through the commutating thyristor 12.

The rectifier sub-station according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 2 has a central power supply with a positive DC bus 3 from which the track terminals 4 and 5 leave. The track terminals 4, 5 can be separated by quick disconnectors 13. 14 from the DC bus 3. Each quick disconnect 13, 14 includes one coupling unit 6, 7. The coupling unit 6, 7 each consists of a neutral diode 26, which is connected in parallel to the pole and is connected to the line, on a zero loop.

27 as well as 29 reverse diodes 28, quick disconnectors 13. 14 They run lines 20 and 22 via auxiliary disconnectors 22, 23, 24, 25 respectively. for a return power loop 21 which leads to a commutating device 47.

The commutation device 47 preferably comprises at least two quenchers consisting of a capacitor 35, branches, a forward quench branch, a quench thyristor 15 and a quench and a reverse quench branch with a quench capacitor 41 and a quench thyristor 42 for reversed current direction.

Switching thyristors 43, 45 resp. 44, 46 in this embodiment are arranged parallel to the quick-disconnect devices.

When the line terminal 4 or 5 is disconnected, the corresponding quick disconnect 13, 14 is opened, at the same time the respective commutating thyristor 43, 44 is ignited. The current is correlated from the open quick disconnect 13, 14 to the respective commutating thyristor 43, 44. by means of the contact of the opening quick disconnect 13, 14, the arc thyristor 15 is ignited and the current is switched through the commutating thyristor 43 and 43 respectively. 44 is switched off again by means of a first arc quench consisting of arc thyristor 15 and arc quench capacitor 35.

By means of commutating thyristors 43, 44 arranged in parallel to the quick-acting switches 13, 14, a line test can be carried out and, depending on the result, the torn track outlet 4, 5 can be switched on again.

The reverse current quenching, for example, from the line current to the line terminal 5, is performed in the same way only via the commutating thyristor 45, the quenching thyristor 42 and the quenching capacitor 41.

In order to provide reserve arc quenching capacitors for quenching in both directions of flow, both arc quench branches are formed according to the preferred variant of FIG. 3 so that the arc quenching capacitors 3, 41 are arranged and connected to the zero loop line 20, respectively. to looping at the 21 feed back, wherein the quenching capacitor stickers 35, 41. These thrusts 48 and 50 are connected to the positive DC bus 3 by means of thyristors 48 and 50 and the second stickers are connected diagonally to each other by means of thyristors 51, 49. For the second quenching process, e.g. after the quenching process using the quenching capacitor 35 by igniting the thyristors 50, 51. quenching capacitor 41.

Testing of the disconnected line terminal 4 is carried out by means of a commutating thyristor 43 which is ignited and, when the current threshold value detected by the current information from the current converter is exceeded, the arc thyristor 15 is automatically ignited and thereby detects the detected fault current. If the current threshold value is not exceeded, after the test time, e.g. 3 of the quick disconnect 13 closes, whereby the power supply of the track terminal 4 is again carried out normally.

Fig. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of two rectifier sub-stations with power supplies 1a and 1b. wherein the first rectifying sub-station is shown in more detail than the second. The rectifier 1 and the sub-stations shown here are constructed in the same way and, due to the known connection shown here, they are all connected to each other so that a double-track line is connected. The second rectifier 1 and the sub-station may also be constructed differently, e.g. it can be equipped with groove switches.

The shown rectifiers and sub-stations consist of a positive DC bus 3, from which e.g. four track sections A, B, C and D, which are shown in the drawing with the following elements: quick disconnectors 13, 14, current converter 52, zero diodes 26, 27. non-return supply valves 28, 29 and auxiliary disconnectors 23, 25. 25 are connected to the zero loop line 20. A commutating device 9 is provided between the positive DC bus 3 and the zero loop line 20. This preferably consists of a commutating thyristor 12 and a quenching branch, which then consists of a quenching thyristor.

15. arc quenching capacitor 35 and coupling diode 39.

Furthermore, a neutral diode 38 is connected between the track ground, here the minus pole and the neutral loop 20.

The two anodes, namely the diode 39 and the zero diode 38, are connected via a support string 32 consisting of inductance and resistance. Like the track terminals A to D and the commutating device 9 are the same elements in the second rectifier sub-station and in the others.

The track sections 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and 558 are connected to the following track terminals: 53 and B, 54 with D and B2, 55 with D2, 56 with A, 57 with C and with A2, 58 with C2. In addition, a cross-link by means of a switching device 59 is shown. The switching device 59 is switched on.

The operating mode is explained by fault disconnection, which is initially assumed to be a short circuit 60 on track section 54. It is further assumed that track terminals D and B are switched on and track terminals A and C are switched off. This also applies to the second rectifier 1 at the substation and the other, and it is still assumed that only the line terminals D and B2 have reached the tripping value. Other track outlets may be initiated by di / dt protection (not shown).

The disconnection of track terminals D and B2 will be described by way of example of disconnection for track terminal D. The quick disconnect 63 of track terminal D receives a trip command. At the same time, the commutating thyristor 12 and the back-up thyristor (not shown here, 28 and 29, respectively) are ignited, so that the current from the opening quick disconnect 63 commutes to the commutating thyristor 12 on the zero loop 20 through the auxiliary disconnector 61 and the track diode 62. D to line terminal D, so that the short-circuit current to short-circuit 60 flows in the following path: from the positive DC bus 3 through the commutating thyristor 12 through the zero loop 20, by the disconnector 61. zero diode 62 and current converter 52 of track terminal D.

It is also possible to observe commutation in line terminal B2.

where there will be a commutating rectifier substation.

second device 9

After a fixed time, respectively. by opening the quick disconnect 63, the quenching thyristor 15 ignites the current of the commutating thyristor 12 (negative potential at the commutating thyristor 12 anode due to the capacitor output voltage), overcharging the quenching capacitor 35 blocks the quenching thyristor 15 and terminates the line output D. After ignition of the quenching thyristor 15, a short pulse current also flows through all coupling branches (zero diodes and auxiliary disconnectors) as long as the disconnectors are closed, ie in the assumed example this concerns line terminal B. The height after contact signal e of line terminal D is this pulse current is limited by resistor 64. The pulse current, e.g. the elements of the line terminal B are completely avoided if the zero diodes are replaced by thyristors and only the thyristor ignites whose line terminal is to be switched on. In the example, only from track outlet D.

The support string 32 serves to reliably disconnect the tracks when the tracks are idling. The zero diode has a positive effect on the switching voltage drop.

Furthermore, it is assumed that the short-circuit 60 lasts and, at the same time or a little time shifted by the traction unit 65, the separation point between the track terminals B and D is electrically bridged. Now, a current that could reach the initiation value flows to the short-circuit point 60 through B so that the quick disconnect 14 from the line terminal B opens and the commutating thyristor 12 as well as the return thyristor 29 from the line terminal B are re-ignited. here the commutating current flows and later a spare arc thyristor 31 and a arc quenching capacitor 36 are used to disconnect the entire short circuit current from the first rectifier sub-station as described above.

It is further assumed that the above description of the fault exists. It should be assumed that all track terminals A, B, C, D are switched on. Here, it may be necessary that the line terminals B, C, D have to be disconnected or, if necessary, the line terminal A. All these switches are carried out as described. At the same time, it was also assumed that the fault current event occurred at an unfavorable time point, as indicated by the traction unit 65, which requires the ignition of the spare arc thyristor 31, since the first arc quenching capacity has already started.

Reverse supply currents, e.g. via the opening quick disconnect 13 of the line terminal A to the line terminal D are switched as follows:

opening command for quick disconnect 13.

ignition of the commutating thyristor 12 and, at the same time, ignition of the line feed backward thyristor 28.

The current correlates to the following path:

return thyristor 28 from line terminal A auxiliary disconnector 23 zero loop 20 line diode 62 of line terminal D to line terminal D.

The reverse thyristor 28 does not go out and goes automatically further when the brake current has gone to zero.

After the disconnection has been carried out, a line test can be carried out by means of the commutation thyristor 12, the test current being cut off again by the arc quench - the arc thyristor 15, the arc capacitor 35 and the coupling diode 39.

With the circuit according to the invention, fault currents or load currents can be switched irrespective of their direction from or to the DC bus, only the current value (absolute value) of the outlet being required. The line test can be carried out without the line test resistance, as the built-in coupling and quenching structural means are used for this.

Claims (15)

1. Wiring for both the rectifier and the DC sub-station to which several line terminals are connected via fast disconnectors, with a central rectifier unit, characterized in that it is directed to the pole of each quick disconnector (13, 14, 15), is coupled to a coupler assembly unit (6, 7)), which is guided to the zero loop line (20) and the return loop line (21), leading to a commutation device (9) consisting of one or more commutation thyristors (12). ) to which at least one arc-quenching branch is connected in parallel. Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the central rectifier unit is a controlled rectifier. Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the central rectifier and the unit are an uncontrolled rectifier. Connection according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the central rectifier unit is a semi-rectified rectifier. Connection according to claims 1 and 2 or 4, characterized in that a separate arc quenching device is assigned to the thyristor semiconductor (1) of the central rectifier block. Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the commutating thyristor (12) is connected on both sides by means of one coupling diode (16, 17) and / or Pl / 4 *} -% RL combinations (66, 76) for the positive DC bus (3). Connection according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling unit consists of a null valve, an anti-parallel return valve and associated auxiliary disconnectors (22, 23, 24). 25). Connection according to claim 7, characterized in that a zero diode (26, 27, 62) serves as the zero valve. Connection according to claim 7, characterized in that a zero thyristor is used as the zero valve. Connection according to claim 7, characterized in that a back-up diode (28, 29) is used as the return valve. Connection according to claim 7, characterized in that the return supply valve is a return supply thyristor (28, 29). Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc quencher consists of the arc thyristor (15, 31) and the arc quench capacitor (35, 36). Connection according to claim 11, characterized in that the arc quench or the arc quench is connected via a coupling diode (39) to the commutating thyristor (12). Connection according to claim 11, characterized in that the quenching or quenching branch is connected to the negative line by means of a support line (32) consisting of resistive resistance and inductance. Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that a neutral diode (38) is arranged between the negative line and the zero loop line (20). represents List of references used thyristor semiconductor diode semiconductor direct current bus track terminal track terminal coupling unit coupling unit quenching device commutation thyristor quenching thyristor commutating capacitor quick disconnect quick disconnecting quenching lead thyristor coupling diode wiring diode power supply auxiliary disconnector auxiliary disconnector auxiliary disconnector auxiliary disconnector zero diode zero diode reverse diode reverse diode reverse diode quenching capacitor quenching thyristor support string charging thyristor charging thyristor quenching capacitor quenching capacitor coupling diode thyristor diode thyristor commutating thyristor commutation thyristor jet converter track section track section track section track section track section track section switching apparatus short circuit quick disconnect resistance traction unit RL-combi and RL-combi