SK1332018A3 - Circuit for controlling the activation and timing of ignition of the detonator - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed solution of the control connection for the activation and timing of the ignition of the pyrotechnic burner allows to change the time intervals of the ignition of the ignition of the burner (FH1) and other devices. The energy to ignite the igniter (FH1) is obtained by discharging the high-capacity electrolytic capacitor (C1), so the patent can be used for any kind of igniter (FH1) or detonators. Discharge of the high-capacity capacitor (C1) ensures fast activation of the igniter (FH1) within 5 ms. The control of other devices can be customized according to their individual power requirements. The system is based on first and second precision semiconductor two-pole delay relays (RT3 and RT4), which use the function of delayed closing of the first and second contacts (P1 and P2) at their poles, while the first delay relay (RT3) controls the switching of the torch circuit (FH1) and the second delay relay (RT4) controls the circuit of the other accessory (V1). An important function is also performed by the first electromagnetic time relay (RT1) with the first time contacts (Rel1) and the second time contacts (Rel2), where the primary winding of the transformer (TR1) is connected to the first time contacts (Rel1). Behind the two-way rectifier with diodes (D1 to D4) on the secondary winding with a transformer (TR1), a charging resistor (R4) and a high-capacity capacitor (C1), a torch (FH1) is connected via the power branch of the activation solid state relay (SSR1).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the control circuit for activating and timing the ignition of a pyrotechnic igniter. The invention falls into the field of safety engineering, the study of fire-clinical and explosion characteristics of gases and agitated dusts, and further into the field of explosives initiation.

Prior art

Commonly available devices for activating and timing the ignition of the igniter and other devices operate under predetermined conditions, devices used in the field of use of explosives usually do not allow the setting of time delay parameters. In the field of the use of explosives, the timing of explosive events is achieved on the basis of the production properties of a given burner as an element.

The detonator activation and timing system is only available with fixed timing parameters, or the device does not include the function of changing timing parameters, firing detonation systems are normally only applicable to one type of initiating means (ie only to detonators, only to detonators and Come.)

From the given issue it is known e.g. engaging the activation and timing of detonators in the mine described in document 1108981 so that the delay circuit is set for a relatively long time (e.g. 5 minutes) and is connected to a zero return circuit which has its function of canceling this delay.

These shortcomings, in part or in full, have not provided an opportunity to address this issue by appropriate technical means. As a result of this effort, the control circuit for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic igniter according to the present invention is further described.

The essence of the invention

The above-mentioned drawbacks are substantially eliminated by switching on the control for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic torch. The essence of the solution lies in the fact that the basis of the connection of the control to the activation and timing of the ignition of the igniters are the first and second precise semiconductor two-pole delay relays. These two relays use the function of a delayed closing of the contacts at their poles, the first delay relay controlling the switching of the burner circuit and the second delay relay controlling the circuit of another accessory device. The control function of other devices can be expanded by any number of relays with the same parameters as the first and expensive semiconductor two-pole delay relays. The first and expensive delay relays are controlled by closing the expensive contact of the expensive double electromagnetic time relay. The first contact of the expensive double electromagnetic time relay switches a circuit for recording pressure changes during the studied event, the circuit typically having a first DC power supply, e.g. stabilized 24 V source, measuring resistance with a typical value of 100 to 500 ohm, pressure transducer and data recording device. The parameters of the first DC power supply must correspond to the requirements of the pressure transducer. The double expensive electromagnetic time relay is triggered by closing the first contact of the first double electromagnetic time relay, where the closing of its first contact also triggers a transformer whose power is at least 300 VA. The first double electromagnetic time relay is triggered by the trigger button. The energy for activating the burner is supplied by a transformer. Closing the first contact on the first double electromagnetic time relay will cause the mains voltage AC 230 V to be applied to the primary winding of the transformer. An operating voltage of at least 48 V is generated on the secondary winding of the transformer, which is then rectified in a two-way rectifier consisting of four diodes. The rectified voltage is charged via a charging resistor so that the current value does not exceed the maximum value of the transformer secondary winding current, a high-capacity electrolytic capacitor with a typical capacity of at least 10,000 microfarads and an operating voltage of at least 1.5 times the rectifier voltage. After charging a high-capacity electrolytic capacitor, its energy is discharged by closing an activating solid state relay with a typical current value for switching contacts of 50 A or more by closing the first contact of the first two-pole electromagnetic time relay. The activating solid state relay is powered from a second DC source with a typical value of 12 V. Another device such as e.g. valve, relay, diode, etc. is controlled by closing the first contact of the second two-pole time relay. The system is powered by an AC mains supply with a voltage of 230 V. As protection against overload, there is a fuse in the system supply circuit, the current value of which corresponds to the system consumption typically 2A, while the fuse activation is slow due to the use of a transformer . The system is connected to the AC mains by a two-pole mains switch. Switching on the system is indicated by the first button. The connection of electrical energy for the first contacts of the first and second electromagnetic time relays, and the first contact of the expensive two-pole time relay is conditioned by the closing of the limit switches, the number of which is arbitrary. The limit switches are closed

With K133-2018 Α3 indicated by the second bulb. All relays are supplied after switching on the system by a mains switch with AC mains voltage via the supply contacts. The activation solid state relay and the fan for cooling the entire system are powered from a second DC source.

The control and safety functions of the system are implemented by several circuits. In order not to keep the high-capacity electrolytic capacitor charged even after activating the burner, its discharge is achieved by a circuit in which there is a discharge resistor with a typical value of 500 to 2,000 ohms and this circuit is closed by the second contact of the first double electromagnetic time relay. The first and second contacts of the first double electromagnetic time relay use the on-off function.

The control function of closing the burner circuit is achieved by using a control resistor, a first light emitting diode, a two-pole control electromagnetic relay, which separates the power part of the capacitor circuit from the control circuit, and a third DC source with a typical value of 5V. The closing control circuit is activated using the control button. Activation of the burner circuit and other accessories is indicated by the first and second LEDs.

The connection of the control for activating and timing the ignition of the burner is triggered by a mains switch. It triggers the first and second dual electromagnetic time relays, further triggers the first and second solid state delay relays, and applies mains voltage to the second and third DC sources and the activation solid state relay.

After closing the limit switches, the mains voltage is applied to the first contact of the first double electromagnetic time relay. After activating the system with the start button, the discharge circuit is disconnected by the second contact of the first electromagnetic time relay with safety resistor. At the same time, the transformer is activated for the set time and the second double electromagnetic time relay is activated. This charges the high-capacity electrolytic capacitor via a two-way rectifier with four diodes and a charging resistor. The second electromagnetic time relay closes the first contact in the circuit of the recording device and closes the second contact, thereby activating the functions of the first and second time semiconductor relays. After the set delay time has elapsed, the first contact of the second semiconductor time relay in the circuit of the other accessory is closed, and subsequently, after the delay time has elapsed, the activating semiconductor relay is activated by closing the first contact of the first semiconductor time relay. When the activation solid-state relay is switched on, the high-capacity electrolytic capacitor is discharged into the torch. After the third set time has elapsed, the first and second contacts on the first second time semiconductor relay open at the same time, which is controlled by the second contact on the second double electromagnetic time relay. Subsequently, after the zero time has elapsed, the first contact of the first double electromagnetic time relay opens, which switches off the transformer. This closes the second contact of the first double electromagnetic time relay, which causes the high-capacity electrolytic capacitor to discharge through the safety resistor.

The advantages of connecting the control to the activation and timing of the ignition of the pyrotechnic igniter according to the invention are apparent from the effects which are manifested externally. In general, it can be stated that the originality of the presented solution lies in the fact that the proposed solution allows to change the time intervals of ignition of the igniter and other devices.

The energy for igniting the igniter is obtained by discharging a high-capacity electrolytic capacitor, so the solution can be used for any type of igniter or detonators. Discharge of the high-capacity capacitor ensures fast activation of the burner (up to 5 ms). The control of other devices can be adapted to their individual power requirements. This eliminates the shortcoming of commonly used systems for activating and timing the ignition of igniters.

The connection of the control to the activation and timing of the ignition of the igniters is designed to be precisely time-adjustable and can be used by its electrical output to activate the igniters and electric detonators, especially for initiating means with a low value of electrical resistance; typically up to 2 ohms The achievable time accuracy depends on the accuracy of the time relays used, the best results are obtained with semiconductor relays with an accuracy of Ims.

Overview of figures in the drawings

The connection of the control for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic torch according to the invention will be further elucidated in the drawing, where in fig. the wiring diagram is shown.

Examples of embodiments of the invention

It is to be understood that the various embodiments of the invention are presented by way of illustration and not by way of limitation. Those skilled in the art will be able to determine many equivalents to specific embodiments of the invention using no more than routine experimentation. Even such equivalents will be

K133-2018 Α3 may fall within the scope of the following claims. For those skilled in the art, optimization of the design and selection of elements cannot be a problem, so the features have not been addressed in detail.

Example

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, the control circuit for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic igniter is described, as shown in FIG. It consists of a first delay relay RT3 closing its first contacts PI and its second contacts P2, a second delay relay RT4 closing its first contacts PI and its second contacts P2. It also consists of a transformer TRI with a two-way rectifier with four diodes D1 to D4 on the secondary winding, a charging resistor R4 and a high-capacity capacitor C1, to which a fuse FH1 is connected via the power branch of the activation semiconductor relay SSR1. The control branch of the activation semiconductor relay SSR1 is connected to the first contacts PI of the first delay relay RT3 and the second power supply DC2 with the fan FAN1. It is further formed by a first electromagnetic time relay RT1 with its first contact Rell and second contacts Rel2, the primary winding of the transformer TRI being connected to the first contacts Rell. It is further formed by limit switches ES1 to n connected between the mains switch S1 and the first contacts Rell of the first electromagnetic time relay RT1, wherein a start button B2 is arranged between the limit switches ES1 to n and the start input startl of the first electromagnetic time relay RT1. The start input start2 of the second electromagnetic time relay RT2 is connected to the first contacts Rell of the first electromagnetic time relay RT1. The start input start3 of the first delay relay RT3 and the start input start4 of the second delay relay RT4 are connected to the second contacts Rel2 of the second electromagnetic time relay RT2. The first contacts Rell of the second electromagnetic time relay RT2, the first power supply DC1, the measuring resistor R1, the pressure transducer PT1 and the data recording device DAQ form a measuring loop for recording pressure changes during the studied event. Behind the mains switch SI there is a control electromagnetic relay ER1 with a control button BI, whose double contacts together with a control resistor R3, a first LED1, a third power supply DC3 and a burner FH1 form a control closing circuit, while the second power supply DC3 is connected to the second the contacts P2 of the first delay relay RT3 and the second light-emitting diode LED2, which thus form the control activation circuit of the torch FH1. The control circuit for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic torch is further formed by a safety discharge circuit formed by a discharge resistor R2, second contacts Rel2 of the first electromagnetic time relay RT1 connected to the high-capacity condensate C1. The connection of the control for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic torch can be further extended by connecting an additional device VI to the first contacts PI of the second delay relay RT4. Then, the control activation circuit of the accessory VI is formed by the second contacts P2 of the second delay relay RT4 and the third LED3 connected to the third power supply DC3.

Industrial applicability

The involvement of the control for activating and timing the ignition of the pyrotechnic torch according to the invention will find application in the market, in research in the field of fire engineering and explosives for higher education and research institutes as well as in sellers / manufacturers of equipment for research in the field of agitated dusts.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS Control circuit for activating and timing the ignition of a pyrotechnic torch, characterized in that it consists of a first delay relay (RT3) of closing its first contacts (PI) and its second contacts (P2), a second delay relay (RT4) of closing its first contacts (PI) ) and their second contacts (P2); it also consists of a transformer (TRI) with a two-way rectifier with diodes (D1 to D4) on the secondary winding, a charging resistor (R4) and a high-capacity capacitor (Cl), to which a torch (FH1) is connected via the power branch of the activation semiconductor relay (SSR1) ; the control branch of the activation solid state relay (SSR1) is connected to the first contacts (PI) of the first delay relay (RT3) and the second power supply (DC2) with a fan (FANI); it is further formed by a first electromagnetic time relay (RT1) with first time contacts (Rell) and second time contacts (Rel2), the primary winding of the transformer (TRI) being connected to the first time contacts (Rell); it is further formed by limit switches (ES1 to n) connected between the mains switch (SI) and the first time contacts (Rell) of the first electromagnetic time relay (RT1), between the limit switches (ES1 to n) and the first start input (start 1) of the first an electromagnetic time relay (RT1) includes a start button (B2); the second starting input (start2) of the second electromagnetic time relay (RT2) is connected to the first time contacts (Rell) of the first electromagnetic time relay (RT1); the third start input (start3) of the first delay relay (RT3) and the fourth start input (start4) of the second delay relay (RT4) are connected to the second time contacts (Rel2) of the second electromagnetic time relay (RT2); the first time contacts (Rell) of the second electromagnetic time relay (RT2), the first electrical source (DC1), the measuring resistor (R1), the pressure transducer (PT1) and the data recording device (DAQ) form a measuring loop for recording pressure words; behind the mains switch (SI) there is a control electromagnetic relay (ER1) with a control button (BI), whose double contacts together with a control resistor (R3), a first light emitting diode (LED1), a third power supply (DC3) and a torch (FH1) form a control closing circuit, the second contacts (P2) of the first delay relay (RT3) and the second light emitting diode (LED2) being connected to the third power supply (DC3), thus forming the control activation circuit of the torch (FH1); it is further formed by a safety discharge circuit formed by a discharge resistor (R2), second time contacts (Rel2) of a first electromagnetic time relay (RT1) connected to the high-capacity condensate (C1); finally, it consists of a control activation circuit of the attachment (VI), where in the case of the second delay relay (RT4) the closing of its first contacts (PI) and its second contacts (P2) the attachment (VI) is connected to the first contacts (PI) and second contacts (P2) a third light diode (LED3) is connected to the third power supply (DC3).