SK1302012U1 - Preparation for treatment and nutrition of plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid additive preparations according to the solution are intended for treatment of water used particularly at application of agrochemicals. The preparations at the same time serve as effective source of plant nutrition. The liquid preparation according to the solutions are characterized in that they comprise at least one of ammonia and/or potassium salts of any of the aminopropylcarboxy acids in form of their water solutions. It is especially advantageous, if the liquid additive preparations according to the solutions contain di-hydrogen di-potassium and /or mono-hydrogen tri-potassium and/or four-potassium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid. Depending on the quality - hardness of the used water, it is usually advisable to apply the liquid additive preparations according to the solution in an amount of 0.1 to 3 liters per 1000 liters of water.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to liquid processing aids used primarily in connection with the application of agrochemicals, which are also an effective source of plant nutrients.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Most water sources provide water with a higher content of cations (mainly calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and sodium). In Slovakia, especially in the districts of Piestany, Trnava, Hlohovec, Galanta, Nove Mesto nad Vahom, Senica, Skalica, Bratislava, Banovce, Topolcany, there is considerable hard water (3.21-5.4 mmol / liter), which can be characterized by hardness 18 to 30 ° N. Also in many other districts of Slovakia there is water, which is characterized as "hard" (2.15 to 3.2 mmol / liter, or 12 to 18 ° N), or medium hard (1.43 to 2.14 mmol / liter). The use of such water in the preparation of application mixtures of agrochemicals usually results in a reduction in the effectiveness of pesticides and plant nutrients and often also complicates their application. This is because the active ingredients are often bound to form their less active salts, or undesirable sludge is formed in the application mixture, which can cause difficulty in application. In the application of oil-in-water emulsion formulations common to many insecticidal formulations, emulsion stability is often impaired due to the undesirable water composition. In the case of suspension type formulations, the improper composition of the water used may impair the stability of the suspensions and gradually sediment the solid components of the suspensions.

For example, pesticidal formulations containing glyphosates, pyrethroids (e.g. betacyflutrin), phenoxy acids (2,4-D, MCPA, MCPP, dicamba, etc.), diquat and others are sensitive to the quality of the water used.

Similarly, when most fertilizers are used in liquid mixtures intended mainly for off-root - foliar application, the use of water with a high content of cations contained therein leads to adverse reactions resulting in reduced efficiency of applied plant nutrients and problems associated with the formation of undesirable sludge and sediments.

Similarly, foliar application produces unsightly and often unpleasant desserts on the surface of the leaves, which can complicate the situation when growing mainly decorative plants.

Most of the water resources used in connection with the application of agrochemicals also provide water whose chemical reaction is significantly different from optimal.

It has been shown that in order to ensure the desired efficacy of the applied agrochemicals, it is expedient to eliminate the action of at least a portion of the cations contained in the water used to prepare the liquid delivery compositions and to adjust its chemical reaction (pH) appropriately.

In practice, the elimination of unsuitable cations from water is accomplished by total or at least partial precipitation of one of the cations in the form of a suitable compound characterized by very low water solubility and subsequent separation of the resulting precipitate or sludge, or forms of their otherwise inactive compounds. Ideally, the chemical reaction of the treated water can also be suitably influenced at the same time in the process of removing unwanted cations.

Usually one of the mineral or carboxylic acids, or the addition of one of the acid-reacting salts of such acids, is used to eliminate the effect of the undesired cations contained in the water. However, the use of the substances in question for the intended purpose is usually not very effective and their handling can be dangerous due to their aggressive nature.

Recently, several products designed to treat the hardness of water used in connection with the application of agrochemicals, which differ in their composition and effectiveness, have appeared abroad and in our territory.

In addition to preparations based on the aforementioned acids (mainly based on trihydrogenphosphoric, nitric, citric and oxalic acids), the Czech Republic also supplies a special import preparation, based on a mixed polyacrylamide gel containing ammonium sulphate. It is a practically colorless highly viscous gel of a strongly acidic chemical reaction (pH approx. 4.5), which according to company literature is recommended to be used in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 liters per hectare. According to the company literature, an optimal pH value of 0.2 to 0.5% of the formulation (i.e., 0.25 to 0.5 kg of formulation per 100 kg of treated water) can be achieved with water having an initial pH of 7.5 to 10. at a pH level of 6.2 to 6.8.

Although the use of a formulation containing polyacrylates and ammonium sulphate is beneficial in solving the above problems arising from the use of hard water, adjuvants of this type have some disadvantages that limit their widespread use.

The polyacrylates contained in the preparation are, on the one hand, less environmentally friendly types of chemicals and, moreover, they cause the gel-like nature of the preparations which are more difficult to handle. Ammonium sulphate, which is probably the main component used to adjust the pH, causes a significant increase in salinity (such as the electrical conductivity value - EC) of the treated water at a higher dosage. A significant increase in the EC value of the treated water then greatly limits its use, for example, in off-root applications (eg in the treatment of seedlings, decorative plants, woody plants, etc.), hydroponic cultivation, easy-pot cultivation and some other cultivation techniques. .

The essence of the technical solution

The above problems can be solved by preparing and using water treatment and plant nutrition compositions according to this solution.

Liquid formulations for the treatment of water used primarily in connection with the application of agrochemicals, which are also an effective source of plant nutrients, in the sense of this solution are characterized by containing at least one of the ammonium and / or potassium salts of one of the aminopolycarboxylic acids.

The proportion of said compounds is from 8.0 to 56.0 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the final preparation, calculated as the free aminopolycarboxylic acids.

Amino polycarboxylic acids are effective complexing-chelating agents capable of binding divalent and trivalent cations to stable chelates.

Their stability in aqueous systems depends mainly on the type of amino polycarboxylic acid used, chemical reaction (pH), temperature, chelated cation content and the like.

The chelating capacity of aminopolycarboxylic acids is now widely practiced (textile, paper and pulp, photo-chemistry, electronics, leather processing, pharmacy, cosmetics, drugstore, food, analytical chemistry and elsewhere). The ability of aminopolycarboxylic acids to form stable chelates with metal cations which are trace biogenic elements (copper, zinc, iron, manganese, cobalt) has also been used for a long time in the production of special, especially liquid fertilizers.

However, due to the ease of availability and economic advantage of the raw materials required for the preparation of the compositions of the present invention, aminopolycarboxylic acids are used almost exclusively solely in the form of their various sodium salts for the above purposes, but this is less suitable due to undesirable salinisation of cultivation systems.

It has been shown that, in order to ensure high efficacy of the formulations, it is preferred that they contain the potassium and / or ammonium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) and / or diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid (DTPA) and / or propylenediaminotetra acetic acid (PDTA) and / or hydroxyethylenediaminotriocri and / or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).

The practical use of the potassium and / or ammonium salts of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) has proven to be particularly suitable for easier availability and economic convenience as well as to ensure good physical-handling properties of the products.

A study of the properties of said salts of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) has shown that it is advantageous to consider in particular the potassium and / or ammonium salts of this aminopolycarboxylic acid in the preparation of the compositions according to the invention. Although the free ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (H4EDTA), C ₁₀ H ₁₆ N ₂ 08 (CAS 60-00-4) is only slightly soluble in water, it has been shown that, in particular, certain potassium salts of this aminopolycarboxylic acid are characterized by their high solubility in water. water, which constitutes a prerequisite for the preparation of liquid type concentrates having good phase stability even at temperatures close to the freezing point of water.

Measurements have shown that ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (H4-EDTA), as well as its ammonium and potassium salts, are capable of forming, in a relatively wide pH range, stable complexes in the aquatic environment - chelates with all cations usually found in waters used in agricultural practice. It has been confirmed that the weight part of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (H4-EDTA) binds to form a stable complex:

0.135 parts by weight of calcium (as Ca),

0.080 parts by weight of magnesium (as Mg),

0.190 parts by weight of iron (as Fe) and 0.185 parts by weight of manganese (as Mn).

Another non-negligible advantage of the ammonium and potassium salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids is that they are a source of plant-usable biogenic elements (nitrogen or potassium respectively). Likewise, the complex compounds formed in solution by means of the solution of the otherwise undesirable cations contained in the treated water (such as calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and others) are converted into a complex form which is useful for plants.

In order to ensure optimal properties of the compositions of this solution it has proven to be particularly suitable if they contain a dipotassium dihydrogen (K2H2 - EDTA) and / or a monohydrogen tripotassium salt of (C ₃ H - EDTA) and / or a salt thereof štvordraselnú (To 4- EDTA) of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

In order to enhance phase stability of liquid concentrates, and increase the proportion of the nitrogen component contained therein has been shown in some cases where suitable means for adjusting the water properties of the solutions also contain a certain proportion of urea, CO _(NH2) 2 ·

In practice, it has been shown that the liquid concentrates of the present invention are suitable as preventive aids for the total or partial binding of unwanted cations in the water used in the application of agrochemicals to form stable complexes while modifying the chemical reaction - reducing the alkalinity of the water. Depending on the quality of the water used, it is usually advisable to apply it in a dosage of 0.1 to 3 liters per 1000 liters of water.

Examples of technical solution

The examples below illustrate and document the technical solution in question, but do not in any way limit the claims for its protection.

Example 1

In order to prepare about 1000 liters of water treatment agent in the sense of the solution, a so-called mixing water jacket, known as a water cooling jacket, is used. 455.4 liters of reverse osmosis softened water were added to the duplicators and 641.7 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, C ₁₀ H ₆ N ₂ 08 (H ₄ - EDTA) were added with stirring.

After thoroughly mixing the white crystalline suspension, cooling in the jacket-duplicator was started. While stirring, 282.9 kg of scaly potassium hydroxide, containing about 90% by weight KOH, was gradually added.

The temperature of the reaction mixture rose sharply during the addition of the potassium hydroxide solution, so that the alkali had to be added very slowly.

The appearance of the reacting mixture changes considerably during the hydroxide dosing process - the initially white crystalline suspension gradually became thinner and, after the addition of about half of the caustic, started to clear until it finally became a virtually clear, relatively viscous, specifically heavy and virtually colorless solution.

Approximately 1000 liters (1380 kg) of a weakly acidic chemical reaction (pH about 6.0), having a specific gravity-density close to 1.38 g / cm 3, were prepared as described above. The product contained the potassium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid mainly in the form of the dihydrogen dipotassium salt (K ₂ H ₂ - EDTA).

The prepared water treatment composition contained 4.4 wt% nitrogen (as N) and 15.5 wt% K ₂ O, so that the product met the conditions for the EC type fertilizer (such as C.2.5).

Example 2

In order to prepare 250 kg of the product according to the solution based on the potassium tripotassium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (K3H-EDTA), the procedure was similar to that of Example 1, with the exception that:

82.5 liters of distilled water,

99.5 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, C ₁₀ H ₁₆ N ₂ Oe (H ₄ - EDTA) and 68 kg of flake potassium hydroxide (about 90% KOH).

The prepared yet warm reaction product had an alkaline reaction (pH: 10.0 / 26.3 ° C), having the character of a viscous clear solution.

After cooling to room temperature, the product had an alkaline chemical reaction (pH: 9.48 / 21.1 ° C) and its specific gravity was 1.376 g / cm 3.

The product contained a potassium salt of ethylenediaminotetra acetic acid, mainly in the form of the tripotassium monohydrogen salt (K3H-EDTA).

The product produced in this way was characterized by the composition: 3.8 - 20.5, so that it fulfilled the conditions of the type NK-fertilizer ES.

Example 3

The preparation of the liquid concentrate according to the invention was carried out as in the previous two examples, but with different ratios of the reactants.

In the preparation of 250 kg of water treatment and plant nutrition according to this solution, the boiler was gradually and under efficient cooling supplied:

82.5 kg of tap water,

94.75 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, C ₁₀ H ₁₆ N ₂ Oa (H ₄ - EDTA) and 72.75 kg of flaky potassium hydroxide (about 90% KOH).

By homogenizing the mixture, a liquid concentrate was prepared which, by composition, met the requirements prescribed for the EC type fertilizer.

The clear, colorless concentrate contained 3.6 wt. % nitrogen (as N) and 22.0 wt.% potassium (as K ₂ O).

The undiluted concentrate showed an alkaline reaction at a pH of 10.6.

The specific gravity of the formulation at room temperature was 1.377 g / cm 3.

Example 4

In the preparation of the liquid concentrate of the present invention, a concentrated NK solution characterized by a composition of 3.8 - 0 - 20.5, the preparation of which is described in Example 2, was used as an intermediate.

On 76.17 kg of the NK-stirred solution was added 23.83 kg prilled urea - CO _{(NH2) 2} .určenej a fertilizer.

By homogenizing the mixture, a liquid-solution concentrate was prepared, which composition complied with the requirements prescribed for the EC type fertilizer. The almost clear, colorless concentrate contained more than 13.9 wt. % nitrogen (as N) and more than 15.6% by weight of potassium (as K ₂ O). The undiluted concentrate had an alkaline reaction at a pH of 9.6 / 18.8 ° C.

Example 5

The preparation of the liquid concentrate according to the invention was carried out as in the previous examples.

When preparing 100 kg of water treatment agent, the boiler was gradually dosed: 21.49 kg of water,

42.30 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, C ₁₀ H ₁₆ N ₂ 08 (H ₄ -EDTA) and 36.21 kg of ammonia water containing about 25% by weight ammonia.

By homogenizing the mixture, a liquid concentrate was prepared which was almost clear, colorless and only slightly smelled of ammonia. It contained almost 11.5 masses. % nitrogen (as N). The undiluted concentrate had an alkaline reaction (pH: 9.9 / 25.8 ° C) with a specific gravity of 1.183 g / cm 3.

Example 6

In order to prepare 1000 liters of liquid concentrate for water treatment and plant nutrition according to the solution, the process was carried out by adding 324.8 kg of water to the stirrer boiler and adding 562.1 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (H ₄ - EDTA) while stirring. 141.2 kg of urea added, CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ . Thereafter, while stirring, to the crystalline slurry having the acidic chemical reaction was added, with effective cooling, 384.1 kg of about 90% scale potassium hydroxide, KOH.

Approximately 1000 liters of NK liquid concentrate, which had the character of a practically clear, colorless solution, was prepared by the above process. The prepared concentrate fulfilled the applicable requirements set for the type fertilizer ÉS. The prepared liquid fertilizer concentrate for the treatment of water properties contained 8.4 wt. % nitrogen (as N) and 20.5% by weight of potassium (as K ₂ O) bound in chlorine free form. The undiluted concentrate had an alkaline reaction (10.3 / 32 ° C) and its density was greater than 1.41123 g / cm 3.

Example 7

In this example, measurements of the basic parameters (pH and EC) of water were made with the addition of water treatment aids - commercially supplied from imports - based on ammonium sulphate and polyacrylamide (I) and the formulation of solution (II).

All measurements were made using well hard water from the Bernolákovo - Horný dvor site, which was characterized as follows:

• Well water hardness: 34.9 ° N, • Electrical conductivity, EC: 108.8 mS / m, • pH: 7.45 • Bicarbonate content: 681 mg HCO3 / 1, • Nitrate content: 23.6 mg NO _3/1, • sulfate content: 77.4 mg _SO4 / 1, • potassium content: 5.49 mg C / 1, • magnesium content: 98.3 mg mg / 1, respectively. 163 mg MgO / l, • calcium content: 87.3 mg Ca / l, resp. 122.15 mg CaO / L.

The results of the measurements are summarized in the following overview:

Type of additive used and amount applied (g / liter) Electrical conductivity, EC of aqueous solution (μ S. cm) pH Commercially available ammonium sulphate and polyacrylamide (I) preparation 0 1088 7.45 .1554 1129 7.33 .3107 1172 7,36 .7768 1275 7,23 1.5536 1454 7.00 3.1072 1826 6.98 38.84 10830 6.01

Solution according to the solution - described in example 6 (II)

0 1088 7.45 .1605 1124 7.44 .3210 1159 7.05 .8024 1239 6.83 1.6048 1372 6.75 3.2096 1695 6.39 6.4192 2950 6.37 0.12 11590 8.91

Example 8

In order to prepare a mixed blend spray intended for insecticidal protection against mammalian and vermin pests and foliar nutrition of plants using well water characterized by high hardness, the following procedure was followed. The 1200 liter sprayer tank was filled to approximately a third of the volume with well water. Thereafter, 3 liters of the liquid composition of 3.8-0-20.5 based on a concentrated aqueous solution of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid potassium salt were added under stirring. After thoroughly mixing the contents of the sprayer, 4 liters of solution liquid fertilizer 12-9-10.5 with microelements and a growth stimulator - heteroauxine were added. Finally, 0.6 liters of the microcapsulated insecticidal concentrate containing 50 g of lambda cyhalotrin per liter was added with stirring. Finally, the spray tank was filled with water to the working volume.

Despite the fact that the water used was characterized by its high hardness (about 22 ° N), a mixed spraying liquid was prepared by the above process, with no difficulty in application.

Example 9

In order to prepare the product according to the solution based on an aqueous solution of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid potassium salt and diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid potassium salt, a procedure similar to that described above was followed except that 50.5 liters of water were introduced into the reaction vessel and stirred gradually. 20 kg of crystalline diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA-H5) and 15 kg of crystalline ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA-H4) were administered. The crystalline suspension was then neutralized by the addition of flake potassium hydroxide while cooling with cold water in a double jacket duplicator. The reaction mixture, which initially had the character of a relatively thick white suspension, was gradually changed to complete clarification due to the added potassium hydroxide solution. Its rheology has also changed significantly. Neutralization of the reaction mixture was complete when the alkalinity of the reaction mixture was near pH: 10.

Prepared yet warm reaction product having the character of a viscous clear solution. The product, upon cooling to room temperature, had an alkaline chemical reaction (pH: 9.48 / 21.1 ° C).

The product produced in this way met the conditions of the type NK NK-fertilizer. Example 10

In order to assess the effectiveness of the formulation according to the solution for the stability of the mixed spray intended for insecticidal protection associated with foliar fertilization, these mixtures were prepared under laboratory conditions.

1. mixture: 0.46 g tau-fluvalinate insecticidal concentrate (Mavrik 2F), ml complex liquid fertilizer containing basic, trace plant nutrients and growth promoter - heteroauxin (Herbavital).

Very hard well water (as in Example 7) made up to 500 ml.

2. mixture: 2 ml of the K3H-EDTA-based solution + urea (as in Example 4),

0.54 g tau-fluvalinate insecticide concentrate (Mavrik 2F), ml liquid complex fertilizer containing basic, trace plant nutrients and growth promoter - heteroauxin (Herbavital).

Very hard well water (as in Example 7) made up to 500 ml.

3. Mixture: 0,5 g of a water-softening agent based on ammonium sulphate and polyacrylamide (Adoptic);

0.51 g g tau-fluvalinate insecticide concentrate (Mavrik 2F), 2 ml liquid complex fertilizer containing basic, trace plant nutrients and growth promoter - heteroauxin (Herbavital).

Very hard well water (as in Example 7) made up to 500 ml. The effectiveness of the device in terms of solution is also evident from the following figure. The suspension without the addition of a stabilizing additive and with the addition of a verified additive based on ammonium sulfate and polyacrylate contained flake sludge on the bottom, and both of these samples also formed a floating sludge layer on the surface.

Example 11

In order to assess the efficacy of the composition in terms of the water treatment solution used in the preparation of an application solution for foliar nutrition of plants, the following laboratory samples were prepared. Substantially hard water (34.9 ° N), the properties of which are given in Example 7, was used for the preparation of the samples and the preparation of the samples was as follows:

Sample no. 1

- to 250 ml of well water (34.9 ° N) was added 1 ml of liquid complex fertilizer containing basic, trace plant nutrients and growth promoter - heteroauxin (Herbavital).

The chemical reaction (pH) of the thus prepared mixture was 7.16 / 18.9 ° C.

Sample no. 2

- to 250 ml of well water (34,9 ° N), 0,427 g of a water-based preparation based on ammonium sulphate and polyacrylamide (Adoptic) and 1 ml of liquid complex fertilizer containing basic, trace plant nutrients and growth stimulator were added - heteroauxine (Herbavital).

The chemical reaction (pH) of the thus prepared mixture was 7.12 / 19.1 ° C.

Sample 6.3

- to 250 ml of well water (34.9 ° N) was added 0.427 g of a water treatment product according to the K3H-EDTA solution also containing urea (prepared according to Example 4) and 1 ml of a liquid complex fertilizer containing basic , trace plant nutrients and heteroauxin growth promoter (Herbavital).

The chemical reaction (pH) of the thus prepared mixture was 6.87 / 19.0 ° C.

If, in samples 1 and 2, the formation of a solid, sedimenting phase at the bottom of the cylinders was observed relatively shortly after the preparation of the liquid mixtures, sample 3 containing the addition of the water treatment agent according to the solution was clear even 48 hours after its preparation.

Samples 1 and 2, also after several hours of storage, had a solid "dry" on the surface, while sample 3 containing the composition in solution remained intact even after 48 hours of storage - completely clear.

Industrial usability

The liquid auxiliaries according to the invention are intended for the treatment of water, used primarily in connection with the application of agrochemicals, these preparations being also an effective source of plant nutrients. Liquid formulations of this type are characterized by containing at least one of the ammonium and / or potassium salts of one of the aminopolycarboxylic acids. The proportion of said compounds is from 8.0 to 56.0 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the final preparation, calculated as the free aminopolycarboxylic acids.

The use of potassium and / or ammonium salts of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) has proven to be particularly suitable in view of the ease of availability, the economic benefits of the raw materials and the assurance of appropriate physical-handling properties of the products.

Particularly suitable are the liquid adjuvants according to the invention comprising dipotassium dihydrogen (K ₂ H ₂ - EDTA) and / or monohydrogen tripotassium salt (K ₃ H EDTA) and / or quaternary salt (K 4 - EDTA) of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid. In order to enhance phase stability of liquid concentrates, and increase the proportion of the nitrogen component contained therein it is sometimes found to be appropriate and to the means for adjusting the properties of the water solution also containing urea, CO (NH _{2) second}

The liquid concentrates according to the invention are suitable as preventive aids for the total or partial binding of unwanted cations in the water used in connection with the application of agrochemicals to form stable complexes while modifying the chemical reaction - reducing the alkalinity of the water. Depending on the quality of the water used, it is usually advisable to apply it in a dosage of 0.1 to 3 liters per 1000 liters of water.

Claims (7)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Liquid formulations for the treatment of water mainly used in connection with the application of agrochemicals, characterized in that they contain at least one of the ammonium and / or potassium salts of one of the aminopolycarboxylic acids, their proportion, calculated as free aminopolycarboxylic acids, is 8, 0 to 56.0 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the formulation, which is an aqueous solution of said salts. Liquid formulations according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain a salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid and / or diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid and / or propylenediaminotetraacetic acid and / or hydroxyethylenediaminotriacetic acid and / or nitrilotriacetic acid. Liquid formulations according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain one of the potassium salts of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid. Liquid formulations according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain dipotassium dihydrogen and / or trisotassium monohydrogen and / or tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid. Liquid formulations according to claim 1, further comprising urea, CO (NH 2) 2 · Liquid formulations according to claim 1, characterized in that they are genuine aqueous solutions. Use of the liquid compositions according to claims 1 to 6 for the total or partial binding of cations contained in the water used in connection with the application of agrochemicals to form stable complexes while adjusting its chemical reaction, wherein 1000 liters of treated water are dependent on hardness and alkalinity of water to be treated, generally dosed from 0.1 to 3 liters of liquid composition.