SK11462000A3 - Method for producing higher fatty acid methyl esters by the re-esterification of triacylglycerols - Google Patents
Method for producing higher fatty acid methyl esters by the re-esterification of triacylglycerols Download PDFInfo
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- SK11462000A3 SK11462000A3 SK1146-2000A SK11462000A SK11462000A3 SK 11462000 A3 SK11462000 A3 SK 11462000A3 SK 11462000 A SK11462000 A SK 11462000A SK 11462000 A3 SK11462000 A3 SK 11462000A3
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- methanol
- triacylglycerols
- higher fatty
- methyl esters
- esterification
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť techniky;Technical field;
Vynález sa týka výroby metylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín reesterifíkáciou triacylglycerolov obsiahnutých v rastlinných, alebo živočíšnych olejoch a tukoch.The invention relates to the production of methyl esters of higher fatty acids by reesterification of triacylglycerols contained in vegetable or animal oils and fats.
Doterajší stav techniky:BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Uplatnenie metylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín v ekologickom palive a ich postup výroby kam patrí aj výroba esterov repkového oleja je známy z patentovej literatúry, napr. slovenské patenty č. 277860, 277787, 279692,277856..The use of higher fatty acid methyl esters in organic fuel and their production process, including the production of rapeseed oil esters, is known from the patent literature, e.g. U.S. Pat. 277860, 277787, 279692.277856 ..
V uvedených patentoch sa využívajú ako reesterifikačné katalyzátory hydroxid sodný a jeho dvojnásobné pridávanie s metanolom pri vyšších teplotách alebo hydroxid draselný, v obidvoch prípadoch s dodatočným chemickým odstraňovaním zvyškov anorganického podielu z esterovej vrstvy, čo predstavuje zložitejší postup oproti tomuto vynálezu.In these patents sodium hydroxide and its double addition with methanol at higher temperatures or potassium hydroxide are used as re-esterification catalysts, in both cases with additional chemical removal of residual inorganic fractions from the ester layer, which is a more complicated process over the present invention.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Postup podľa vynálezu rieši efektívnejšie výrobu metylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín s výhodou spracovaním repkového oleja, pričom pri teplote 15 až 40 °C sa v reaktore s turbínovým miešadlom nechá regovať suspenzia uhličitanu draselného ako katalyzátora, repkového oleja a metanolu. Analýzou pomocou kvapalinovej chromatografíe sa preukázalo, že už po 30 min miešania suspenzie je stupeň premeny glycerylesterov na metylestery vyšší ako 94 %. Zvyčajné zloženie metylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín vzniknutých reesterifíkáciou závisí od zastúpenia jednotlivých mastných kyselín v triacylglyceroloch.The process according to the invention solves more efficiently the production of higher fatty acid methyl esters, preferably by treating rapeseed oil, where a suspension of potassium carbonate catalyst, rapeseed oil and methanol is allowed to be regulated at a temperature of 15 to 40 ° C in a turbine stirrer reactor. Analysis by liquid chromatography showed that the degree of conversion of glyceryl esters to methyl esters was already greater than 94% as early as 30 min. The usual composition of methyl esters of higher fatty acids resulting from re-esterification depends on the proportion of individual fatty acids in triacylglycerols.
V rastlinných olejoch prevažujú nenasýtené mastné kyseliny, najmä olejová, linolová,linolénová, palmitoolejová, myristolejová, eruková a iné. Menej sú zastúpené nasýtené mastné kyseliny ako stearová, palmitová, myristová, laurová, arachová, behenová a iné. Po skončení reakcie sa reakčná zmes nechá stáť, oddelená spodná glycerolová vrstva obsahuje katalyzátor a draselné soli vyšších mastných kyselín. Po oddelení glycerolovej vrstvy určenej k ďalšiemu využitiu sa z vrchnej esterovej vrstvy za zníženého tlaku 0.5 až 3 kPa a teplote 10 až 40°C oddestiluje metanol vhodný k ďalšej reesterifikácii.Takto odplynený produkt sa kvôli prípadným mechanickým nečistotám prefiltruje a použije ako zložka ekologického paliva.Unsaturated fatty acids predominate in vegetable oils, especially oleic, linoleic, linolenic, palmitooleate, myristoleic, erucic and others. Saturated fatty acids such as stearic, palmitic, myristic, lauric, arachic, behenic and others are less represented. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was allowed to stand, the separated lower glycerol layer containing the catalyst and potassium salts of higher fatty acids. After separation of the glycerol layer for further use, methanol suitable for further re-esterification is distilled off from the upper ester layer under reduced pressure of 0.5 to 3 kPa at a temperature of 10 to 40 ° C.
V ďalšom je postup podľa vynálezu objasnený na príklade uskutočnenia, bez toho aby sa naň obmedzoval.In the following, the process according to the invention is illustrated by way of example without being limited thereto.
Príklad uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Do 6000 1 reaktora s turbínovým miešadlom sa nadávkuje 4500 1 repkového oleja, 750 1 metanolu a 75 kg uhličitanu draselného.Reakčná zmes sa pri teplote 22 °C mieša 2 hodiny, počas ktorých sa glycerylestery transformujú na metylestery vyšších mastných kyselín.4500 L of rapeseed oil, 750 L of methanol and 75 kg of potassium carbonate are charged to a 6000 L turbine mixer. The reaction mixture is stirred at 22 ° C for 2 hours, during which time the glyceryl esters are transformed into methyl esters of higher fatty acids.
Reakčná zmes sa počas ďalších 2 hodín nechá sedimentovať, potom sa cez sklenenú deličku oddelí glycerolová vrstva v množstve 500 1 určená k ďalšiemu využitiu.Vrchná esterová vrstva sa pri teplote 30°C a tlaku 0.66 kPa odplyní na filmovej odparke od metanolu, pričom sa získa 50 1 metanolu vhodného k ďalšej reesterifikácii. Odplynený metylester repkového oleja sa prefiltruje na tlakovom filtri, získa sa 4200 1 metylesteru so 6 %-ným obsahom nezreagovaných glycerylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín.The reaction mixture is allowed to settle for a further 2 hours, then a 500 L glycerol layer is separated through a glass separator for further use. The upper ester layer is degassed on a film evaporator from methanol at 30 ° C and 0.66 kPa. 50 l of methanol suitable for further re-esterification. The degassed rapeseed oil methyl ester is filtered on a pressure filter to give 4200 L of methyl ester with 6% unreacted higher fatty acid glyceryl esters.
Konverzia glyceridov sa sleduje kvapalinovou chromatografiou s použitím kolóny plnenej sorbentom s reverznou fázou (RP-18), mobilnou fázou zloženou z tetrahydrofuránu a acetonitrilu (45 : 55) a RI detektora.The glyceride conversion is monitored by liquid chromatography using a column packed with reverse phase sorbent (RP-18), a mobile phase composed of tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile (45:55) and an RI detector.
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial usability
Vynález je využiteľný pri priemyselnej výrobe metylesterov vyšších mastných kyselín s výhodou metylesterov repkového oleja ako vhodnej súčasti ekologického paliva.The invention is applicable to the industrial production of higher fatty acid methyl esters, preferably rapeseed oil methyl esters as a suitable component of an ecological fuel.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
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SK1146-2000A SK284419B6 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2000-07-28 | Method for producing higher fatty acid methyl esters by the re-esterification of triacylglycerols |
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SK1146-2000A SK284419B6 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2000-07-28 | Method for producing higher fatty acid methyl esters by the re-esterification of triacylglycerols |
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SK11462000A3 true SK11462000A3 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
SK284419B6 SK284419B6 (en) | 2005-04-01 |
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