SI9800089A - Combination shield for large ore layers - Google Patents

Abstract

The shield support featuring a lemniscate gear (4), a fractional shield (3) with ground slide (2) and a cover shield (5) as well as hydraulic stands (6, 7) be it like a withdrawal shield or classical shield for cutting extraction is used in cases when between the frontal moving cover shield (20) and the fractional shield (3) there is a short cover (22) inserted featuring a knuckle arrangement (23, 24) where the short cover (22) as well as the fractional shield (3) have its bed (17, 25) for the hydraulic stands (6, 7). The version featuring the short cover (22) is a classical shield, while the other without is a withdrawal shield. Both versions feature large supporting forces of the supporting assembly and a preferably large driving width between the hydraulic stands (6, 7) and the fractional shield (3).

Description

SaarTech

Gesellschaft fur Industrie- und Bergbautechnologie mbH Saarbrucken, Germany

Combination Shield for large ore thicknesses

The invention relates to a shield with a lemniscate gearbox, a refractive shield, a floor sanitarium and a sunroof, and hydraulic racks that keep the aperture open to the coal seam, and shaft cylinders for the excavation of minerals, in particular, coal found in large thicknesses, with the top of the topping cap. it can tilt around a specific joint through a specific withdrawal cylinder.

Shield support (shroud support) means semi-locked wide forehead support units with openings to the coal harness and conveyor on the wide forehead. Through the hydraulic posts, the sunroof and the floor restroom are kept at rest and pressed against the sunroof and the melt, with the sunroof and the breakage shield guided through a lemnisc gearbox. This lemniscate laptop pushes the stands to ensure that the top of the umbrella shield performs movement that is essentially perpendicular to the layer. Several types of shield supports are known, with large thicknesses, e.g. for example, over three feet thick, it uses a shield whose breakage shield is provided, for example, with a closing opening to drain it from appearing there. coal breaks with it. It is also known that the top of the cap is lowered, so that then the coal is guided over the top of the cap to the conveyor and dumped over it, often with the participation of a robber. Such shields are also used, for example, for the extraction of brown coal. The problem with this is that such a specialized support is only applicable to this type of support and that especially when changing the thickness, excavation is either severely affected or even impossible. Deficient in known i.e. the pull-out shields are the relatively low height of the coal into which it is cut and the reduced abutment force restrained by the umbrella strokes used.

The invention is based on the task of creating a support base for a shield that can be reliably used both as a withdrawal shield and as a limited processing device as a classic cutting production shield.

The task of the invention is solved by providing a short cap designed as a backlash cap or a fracture shield, which has a double articulated arrangement designed to cooperate with the available articulation at each time and a bearing for hydraulic stands comparable to the bed. in a breaking shield.

This designed sliding cap is usable both with and without a short cap, depending on whether the shield in question is a pull-out shield or a classic cut-off type shield. As a withdrawal shield, the short cap described between the joint and the reclining movable cap is taken out and the hydraulic struts are connected to the fracture shield. At that time, the possibility of tilting the coal across the top of the cap without inserting the racks tilts the entire stroke to 60 °. No loss of support force occurs. This withdrawal shield does not have any main cap in the ordinary sense, but only the described movable cap, which is connected directly to the joint of the breakage shield. All in all, this gives us a great support force of the struts and a reliable driving path behind the hydraulic stands, so that we can ride reliably even during the excavation or excavation. by draining coal. In addition, it is advantageous that with such arrangement the height of the coal being cut is significantly greater than that of the present deflection shields and that the air cross-section is significantly increased in advance, which becomes noticeable mainly because the CH ₄ gases are significantly diluted and that the air conditions are completely improved.

According to a prudent embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the stop cap is directly or indirectly attached to the hinge of the breaking shield directly or indirectly through the short cap. The direct connection to the joint of the breaker shield creates a pull-out shield, while the intermediate installation of the short caps described and the corresponding arrangement of the hydraulic stands create a classic shield for cutting. For this purpose, the necessary modifications are extremely small, so this kind of rearrangement according to all the rules can also be carried out during operation or. in a wide forehead. This makes it practically possible to change two robberies in appropriate disturbances, especially at reduced layer thicknesses. The built-in short cap allows changing the shield to such an extent that the hydraulic struts can be placed under the short cap to provide a classic cutting extraction shield that works well with the Step-Back system. A very high abutment force is achieved when the hydraulic struts are positioned near the joint of the fracture shield in a short stroke or in the fracture shield. As a reminder, it should be noted that when applying hydraulic stands to a breaking shield, a withdrawal shield is obtained, and when applying hydraulic stands to a short stroke, a classic shield is obtained. In both cases, as it is said, the arrangement for the hydraulic stands is chosen, which makes it possible to connect as closely as possible in the area of the joint between the fracture shield and the short cap or. back sliding cap.

In order to optimize the standing reliability of this shield, in particular in the form of a pull shield, it is envisaged that the backing movable cap or. short cap connection point for articulated shield with fracture shield and bridge joint bridging cylinders, which simultaneously serve as withdrawal cylinders when connected to the actuator. The latter means that the stop cap is tilted by the cylindrical cylinders by the further 60 ° referred to above to ensure that the coal is pulled away. At the same time, these withdrawing cylinders also serve as back-up cylinders, and especially when a short cap is installed in between to give a classic shield. In order to realize said stop function, it is provided that the connection point for the stop cylinders is arranged in the receiving area of the hydraulic stands. This special articulated attachment of the stop cover and the simultaneous support with the stop cylinders allows the described reliability to be given in every way, even when no crashes are placed on the breakage shield. Such situations present major problems with known shields, but certainly not with the described shields.

The simple and reliable connection of the adjusting cylinders is realized when the connection point for the adjusting cylinders is made as across the bottom of the umbrella cap or. short caps protruding angular nozzle, which also serves as a hinged connection of the balancing cylinder. This makes it possible to co-connect the balancing cylinder, which is necessary for the intermediate installation of the short cap. Due to the special arrangement of these angular mountings, the conversion from the extrusion shield to the classic shield is even simpler, with the socket cylinder always having the same connection with respect to the connection on the breaking shield, so that it is at the other end, i.e. either directly on the backing stroke or on the short stroke, required only with respect to the pull-out part.

The balancing cylinder required for the interim installation of the short cap is so arranged that it bridges the articulation between the short cap and the reclining cap, and is articulated with the connection point on the reclining cap and the connecting point on the short cap. This allows for a certain orientation of the sliding cap, if necessary, and above all, the necessary increase in the rigidity of this articulated arrangement, which is preferred and expedient, in order to be able to switch one type of support to another without substantial alterations.

For use as a drawback shield as well as for use as a classic shield, it is preferable that the slide movable cap is adapted to have a folding cap over which the influence area of the slide movable cap can be further enlarged. This also has the advantage of having a pull-out shield, as the coal can then be targeted at a single time by folding or folding. moves the folding cap by retracting or disassembling the slide cover and then tilting it together by up to 60 °.

The folding cap not only extends the sliding movable cap, but it can also be mounted in such a way that it is activated at the same time, since according to a certain embodiment of the invention, the folding cap is so foldable that its tip protrudes slightly over the cover plate of the sliding movable cap. For this purpose, it is swivelable and responsive via the gearbox, so that the required hydraulic equipment can be preferably kept within limits.

The invention provides that, for both the wide-head conveyor and the robbery machine, the reliable position of the robbery machine is given in advance in both the design and the withdrawal shield as well as the classic shield in advance, the invention provides that the floor restroom on the side carrying the broad-front conveyor is designed telescopically variable. This enables the conveyor and thus the robbery machine to be positioned practically in such a way that it can be moved virtually to the top of the cap, i.e. without moving it out of the protection zone of the abutment. Preferably, the wide forehead conveyor is adapted to the shoe of the sanitary facility, which is so arranged over the delivery cylinder that it moves above the advancing top of the ground sanitary facility. The smooth running of individual parts of each other is thus ensured.

The invention is distinguished primarily by the fact that a shield is created which can be made practically variable by the intermediate installation of an intermediate cap or. short caps to be fitted in this way, both as a classic shield and without this short cap as a withdrawal shield. This makes it possible to adapt to different requirements, which, for example, may change during the operation of the robbery. It is also advantageous, in particular, that the design as a withdrawal shield can be operated practically without loss of support, since the umbrella can be lowered without retracting the stands. The entire roof cap in the form of a sloping movable cap is tilted up to 60 ° around the joint between the cap and the break shield, so that very large amounts of coal can be drawn off, essentially without losses, especially while avoiding losses that occur mainly when coal is pulled over of a breaking shield. It is further preferred that the design of this shield is substantially more comfortable than that of known extrusion shields, resulting in both better driveability and additional safety against the protruding CH ₄ gases. The last thing to note is the increased stand reliability achieved by the special method of articulating attachment of the stopcock and the support with the backing cylinder. In any case, the resultant load bearing can not lie in front of the top of the sanitarium, so the aforementioned necessary stable reliability is always given. Preferably, however, the small size of the technical equipment that becomes necessary in order to transform such a withdrawal shield into a conventional conventional cutting robbery shield is preferred. All you need to do is install a suitable intermediate piece in the form of a short cap between the umbrella cap and the break shield. its hinges, and this can be made easy by the fact that this short hat has a two-way participating hinge arrangement. The hydraulic struts are always pushed close to the hinge. articulated arrangements so as to obtain optimum support forces, in order to lower the resting movable cap on the other hand. leans around the joint. Creating such a versatile shield.

Further details and advantages of the inventive object are derived from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which a preferred embodiment is presented with the details and individual parts required for this purpose. It shows:

FIG. 1 is a classic cutting edge shield, FIG. 2 is a side view shield, FIG. Fig. 2a is a partial front view of the pull shield in front-to-head view, and FIG. 3 enlarged representation of the connection of the breaking shield and the umbrella with the short hat included.

In the sketch of FIG. 1 shows a support at a shield designated as a combination shield. This shield 1, as usual, has a compact floor sanitizer 2, a breaking shield 3 which is articulated to the floor sanitizer via a lemniscate gearbox 4, and a sunroof 5 which is tensioned via hydraulic posts 6, 7 between the sunroof 11 and the ground 12, wherein the hydraulic struts 6, 7 rely on the floor sanitary unit 2. That each is two hydraulic struts 6,7 is clearly illustrated by the sketch of FIG. 2a.

The special design of the shield 1 maintains the open state of the orifice 9 in the direction of the coal shaft 10, while the refractive shield 3, by means of the stop cylinder 8, ensures that the shield unit is protected against a collapsing crash.

The layer 13, which is only indicated here, is loosened at least partially by the loosening machine 38, whereupon the coal is then discharged via the broad forehead conveyor 37.

While in the sketch of FIG. 1 shows a shield 1 designated as a classic cutting robbery shield; serves as the shield 1 shown in FIG. 2 and which is in principle the same design as the withdrawal shield. This means that the coal layer 13, by lowering the top 14 of the cap, is allowed to suck in. It is then also removed from the wide forehead via the conveyor 37 of the wide forehead. The tip 14 of the cap is lowered by means of a withdrawal cylinder 15, which may at the same time be a cylindrical cylinder 8. It may also be a special withdrawal cylinder 15. For this purpose, a roof cap 5 designed through the joint 16 is connected to the refractive shield 3 via a joint 16.

Hydraulic struts 6 are in the embodiment of FIG. 2 rests in the bearing 17 of the breaking shield 3, so that the movable cap 20 can be visibly tilted far down around the joint 16, if this is desired or required for coal withdrawal. necessary.

In the arrangement of FIG. 1, i.e. that is, in the classical shield design, the stop cap 20 is the same as in the design as the withdrawal shield of FIG. 2 through the shift cylinder 21 is adjustable in the direction of the layer or. coal gearing 19. The shifting cylinder 21 also has further functions, which are discussed in more detail below.

With a stop cap 20 and a quasi between it and the joint 16, a short cap 22 is mounted, which has a hinged arrangement 23, 24 on both sides, so that it can be placed between the joint 16 and the stop cap 20 without any further changes.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the short cap 22 is further connected to the bearing 25 to accommodate the hydraulic struts 6,7.

For grooming or. the articulated connection of the stop cylinder is in enlarged view according to FIG. 3 on the underside 28, as an attachment point 27, an angular nozzle 29 is provided.

30, which is intended to increase the rigidity of the articulation arrangement 24 and which furthermore serves to translate the movable cap 20 in each desired position. To this end, the balancing cylinder 30 is connected to a further connection angle 32, which emits another necessary connection point 31. A comparison of the two drawings FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate that this connecting angle 32, if we give up the short stroke 22, simultaneously serves as an attachment point for the cylinder 8 and 8 respectively. withdrawal cylinder 15.

The sliding cap 20 thus has the design of FIG. 1 as in FIG. 2, a coupling cap 33, the top of which 34 can be raised above the deck 35 of the rest of the movable cap 20, in order to load the coupling cap 33 with active work. The switching cap 33 is connected to the stop cap 20 via the steering gear 36 so that it can be actuated via the gear cylinder 21 at the same time.

Something has already been said about the wide forehead conveyor 37 and the excavator 38. These aggregates are arranged on the side of the floor sanitary unit 2 and can be moved via the feed cylinder 42 or a separate cylinder to a greater or lesser distance from the floor sanitary facility 2. For this purpose, the shoe 40 is a sanitary unit on which the wide front conveyor 37 is arranged, and push top 41 designed telescopically adjustable.

The hydraulic struts 6, 7 are arranged in several places telescopically articulated, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 so as to overcome the inevitable differences in layer thicknesses that may occur with such layers 13. Particularly with the pullout shield of FIG. 2, the special design of the articulated attachment of the stop cap 20 and the support with the stop cylinders 8 ensures a preferential stable reliability for each load application method. In any case, the resulting load cannot lie in front of the thrust top 41 of the floor sanitary unit 2, regardless of how far the hydraulic posts 6, 7 are stretched. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the result of the special arrangement of the hydraulic posts 6, 7 near the joint 16 between the movable cap 20 and the breakage shield 3 is that the very high abutment force of the support is clearly obtained, which has not been possible with conventional shield designs so far.

All the aforementioned characteristics, including those which are only apparent from the drawings, must be taken as inventive, either alone or in combination.

Claims (11)

Patent claims A shield with a lemniscate gearbox (4), a refractive shield (3), a floor sledge (2) and a sunroof (5) and hydraulic posts (6, 7) that maintain the opening (9) to the coal seam (10), and shaft cylinders (8) for the excavation of minerals, in particular coal located in large thicknesses (13), wherein the tip (14) of the coal extraction cap can be tilted around a particular joint (16) by means of a specific withdrawal cylinder (15). the fact that a sunroof (20) is designed as a sunroof (5) or a breaking shield (3) and has a short hat (22) which has a pivot arrangement (23, 24) on each side, designed in such a way that it cooperates with the available hinge (16), and the bearing (25) behind the hydraulic posts (6,7), which is comparable to the bearing (17) in the breaking shield (2). Shield as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reclining movable cap (20) is mounted directly or indirectly via the short cap (22) to the joint (16) of the breaking shield (3). Shield according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic posts (6, 7) are mounted near the joint (16) of the breaking shield (3) in a short stroke (22) or a breaking shield (3). Shield according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a backward movable cap (20) or. short cap (22) connection point (27, 31) for articulated shield (3) articulated and articulated (16) bridging stop cylinders (8), which simultaneously serve as a withdrawal cylinder (15) when connected to the stop movable cap (20). ). 5. Shield according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection point (27, 31) for the supporting cylinders (8) is arranged in the area of the bearing (25,17) of the hydraulic posts (6,7). Shield according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection point (27, 31) for the retaining cylinders (8) is designed as across the underside (28) of the roof cap (5) or. short caps (22) protruding angular nozzle (29), which also serves to articulate the balancing cylinder (30). Shield according to claim 6, characterized in that the balancing cylinder (30) is so arranged that it bridges the articulation arrangement (24) between the short cap (22) and the movable cap (20) and is articulated connected to the connection point (27). ) on the stop stroke (20) and the connection point (31) on the short stroke (22). Shield according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator cap (20) is a modified coupling cap (33). 9. Shield according to claim 8, characterized in that the folding cap (33) is so foldable that, with its tip (34), it protrudes at least slightly over the cover plate (35) of the movable cap (20). Shield according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor sanitary unit (2) on the side (39), where the conveyor (37) is wide-forehead, is designed to extend or extend telescopically. shrink. Shield according to claim 10, characterized in that the wide forehead conveyor (37) is adapted to a sanitary shoe (40) so designed that it is movable over the advancing tip (41) of the ground sanitizer (2) via the feed cylinder (42). ).