SI9500374A - Microwave dielectric ceramics from barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth - Google Patents

Microwave dielectric ceramics from barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth Download PDF

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SI9500374A
SI9500374A SI9500374A SI9500374A SI9500374A SI 9500374 A SI9500374 A SI 9500374A SI 9500374 A SI9500374 A SI 9500374A SI 9500374 A SI9500374 A SI 9500374A SI 9500374 A SI9500374 A SI 9500374A
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mol
neodymium
barium
titanium
gadolinium
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SI9500374A
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Slovenian (sl)
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Danilo Suvorov
Matjaz Valant
Dragomir Kolar
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Inst Jozef Stefan
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Priority to PCT/SI1996/000032 priority patent/WO1997021642A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
    • C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
    • C04B35/465—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
    • C04B35/468—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/10—Dielectric resonators

Abstract

Microwave dielectric ceramics composed of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth oxides, characterized in that the contents in mole fractions are as follows: x(BaO) = 16 - 20 mol %, x(Nd2O3) = 10 - 17 mol %, x(Gd2O3) = 0 - 8 mol %, x(TiO2) = 66 - 72 mol % and x(Bi2O3) = 0 - 3 mol %, are calcined for 1 to 10 hours at 1000 DEG C to 1150 DEG C and sintered for 15 minutes at 1320 DEG C. The dielectric constant (k') depends on the ratio of the elementary oxides and is from 90 to 99, whereby the quality factor (Q x f) remains higher than 5000. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency tau f is precisely controllable by the quantity of added Gd2O3.

Description

Mikrovalovna dielektrična keramika iz oksidov barija, neodima, gadoiinija, titana in bizmutaMicrowave dielectric ceramics from barium, neodymium, gadoin, titanium and bismuth oxides

Predmet izuma je mikrovalovna keramika iz oksidov barija, neodima, gadoiinija, titana in bizmuta. Izum spada v področje kemije in se nanaša na novo vrsto mikrovalovne dielektrične keramike.The object of the invention is microwave ceramics of oxides of barium, neodymium, gadoinini, titanium and bismuth. The invention belongs to the field of chemistry and relates to a new type of microwave dielectric ceramics.

Mikrovalovni keramični materiali v elektronski industriji se uporabljajo kot dielektrični resonatorji, mikrovalovni filtri, substrati za mikrovalovna vezja, itd. Te komponente se nadalje vgrajujejo v brezžično telekomunikacijsko opremo, satelitske antene, radarske sisteme, mikrovalovne pečice itd.Microwave ceramic materials in the electronics industry are used as dielectric resonators, microwave filters, substrates for microwave circuits, etc. These components are further integrated into wireless telecommunications equipment, satellite dishes, radar systems, microwave ovens, etc.

Poleg primerne dielektričnosti (k1), ki je odvisna od načina uporabe in delovnega frekvenčnega območja, mora imeti material tudi zahtevano temperaturno stabilnost resonančne frekvence (xf) ter čim višji faktor kvalitete (Q x f). Faktor kvalitete opisuje delež energijskih izgub v materialu pri resonančni frekvenci. Višji ko je, manjši je delež izgub, hkrati pa je mikrovalovna komponenta bolj selektivna.In addition to suitable dielectricity (k 1 ), which depends on the method of use and the operating frequency range, the material must also have the required temperature stability of the resonant frequency (x f ) and the highest quality factor (Q xf). The quality factor describes the fraction of energy losses in a material at a resonant frequency. The higher it is, the smaller the loss ratio, while making the microwave component more selective.

-2Dosegljive mikrovalovne materiale lahko po njihovi dielektričnosti razdelimo v tri razrede, kot je opisano v K. Wakino, T. Nishikawa, Y. Ishikavva, N. Tamura, Br. Ceram. Trans. J.,89, (2), 1990, str 39-43. V razredu dielektričnosti K= 80-90 se nahajajo predvsem materiali na osnovi BaO, TiO2 in oksidov redkozemeljskih elementov, kot je opisano v K. Wakino, T. Minai, H. Tamura, J. Am Ceram. Soc., 67, str 278-281. Faktorji kvalitete (Q x f), ki jih dosegajo ti materiali, so okoli 5000. Naslednji razred zajema področje dielektričnosti od 30 do 40. Najpogosteje uporabljen material v tem področju je (Zr,Sn)TiO4, kot je opisano v G. VVolfram, E. Gobel, Mater. Res. Buli., 16, (11), 1981, str. 1455-1463. V tem področju so faktorji kvalitete materialov z višjimi dielektričnimi konstantami okoli 40000, z nižjimi pa do 100000. V razredu, ki zajema materiale z dielektričnostmi pod 30, se dosegajo faktorji kvalitete nad 200000, kot je opisano v H. Tamura, Y Sakabe, K. Wakino, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 67, 1984, C-59-61.-2The attainable microwave materials can be divided into three classes according to their dielectricity, as described in K. Wakino, T. Nishikawa, Y. Ishikavva, N. Tamura, Br. Ceram. Trans. J., 89, (2), 1990, pp. 39-43. In the dielectricity class K = 80-90, mainly materials based on BaO, TiO 2 and oxides of rare earth elements are found, as described in K. Wakino, T. Minai, H. Tamura, J. Am Ceram. Soc., 67, pp. 278-281. The quality factors (Q xf) achieved by these materials are about 5000. The next class covers the dielectricity range from 30 to 40. The most commonly used material in this field is (Zr, Sn) TiO 4 , as described in G. Wolfram, E. Gobel, Mater. Really. Buli., 16, (11), 1981, p. 1455-1463. In this field, the quality factors of materials with higher dielectric constants are about 40,000 and with lower ones up to 100,000. In the class covering materials with dielectrics below 30, quality factors above 200,000 are achieved, as described in H. Tamura, Y Sakabe, K Wakino, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 67, 1984, C-59-61.

Komercialni mikrovalovni materiali z visoko dielektričnostjo so navadno izdelani iz oksidov barija, titana ter neodima. V faznem diagramu BaO - Nd2O3 - TiO2 so posebno zanimive trdne raztopine Ba45Nd9Ti18O54(ss) (v nadaljevanju BNT4). Dielektričnost faze BNT4, merjena pri 3 GHz, znaša 80.8, faktor Q pa 3500. Neustrezen je temperaturni koeficient resonančne frekvence (xf), ki znaša 100 ppm/K in gaje potrebno znižati na v naprej določeno vrednost v intervalu med 15 ppm/K do -10 ppm/K na 0.5 ppm/K natančno. Navadno se zaradi tega sestava takšne keramike nahaja v trofaznem področju faznega diagrama, v katerem soobstajajo faze BNT4, Nd2Ti2O7 in Nd4Ti9O24. Pozitiven τ, se v takšnem primeru lahko uravnava z deležem faze Nd2Ti2O7, ki ima negativni Tf, vendar znatno nižjo dielektričnost (k'=36.5) ter nizek faktor Q (1100 pri 3 GHz). Ker prisotnost te faze, zaradi nizkega k' in nizkega Q, vpliva na mikrovalovne lastnosti keramike slabo, se za korekcijo τ, običajno uporabljajo dodatki (Pb ali Bi oksida oz. titanata), dokončno uravnan τ, pa se doseže z delno zamenjavo neodima s samarijem. Takšna komercialna mikrovalovna keramika ima dielektričnost okoli 85 ter faktor kvalitete okoli 5000.Commercial microwave materials with high dielectricity are usually made of barium, titanium and neodymium oxides. In the BaO - Nd 2 O 3 - TiO 2 phase diagram, Ba 45 Nd 9 Ti 18 O 54 (ss) solid solutions (hereinafter BNT4) are of particular interest. The dielectricity of the BNT4 phase, measured at 3 GHz, is 80.8 and the factor Q is 3500. The temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (x f ) is 100 ppm / K and should be reduced to a predetermined value in the interval between 15 ppm / K to -10 ppm / K at 0.5 ppm / K to be exact. As a result, the composition of such ceramics is usually located in a three-phase region of the phase diagram in which the phases BNT4, Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 and Nd 4 Ti 9 O 24 coexist. A positive τ, in such a case, can be controlled by the fraction of the Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 phase, which has a negative T f but a significantly lower dielectricity (k '= 36.5) and a low Q factor (1100 at 3 GHz). Since the presence of this phase, due to the low k 'and low Q, affects the microwave properties of the ceramics poorly, for the correction of τ, additives (Pb or Bi oxide or titanate) are usually used, and the definitively regulated τ is achieved by partially replacing the neodymium with samarium. Such commercial microwave ceramics have a dielectricity of about 85 and a quality factor of about 5000.

-3Naloga in cilj izuma je izdelati mikrovalovno keramiko z dielektričnostjo nad 90, faktorjem kvalitete (Q x f) višjim od 5000 ter temperaturnim koeficientom resonančne frekvence xf, ki ga bo mogoče v intervalu med -10 ter +15 ppm/K na 0.5 ppm/k natančno kontrolirati. Po izumu je naloga rešena z mikrovalovno dielektrično keramiko iz oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta, pri čemer so le-ti zastopani v naslednjih molskih deležih:The object and object of the invention is to make microwave ceramics with a dielectricity above 90, a quality factor (Q xf) higher than 5000, and a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency x f , which will be possible in the interval between -10 and +15 ppm / K at 0.5 ppm / k carefully controlled. According to the invention, the problem is solved by microwave dielectric ceramics from oxides of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth, and these are represented in the following molar proportions:

x(BaO) = 16 - 20 mol%, x(Nd2O3) = 10-17 mol%, x(Gd2O3) = 0-8 mol%, x(TiO2) = 66-72 mol% in x(Bi2O3) = 0-3 mol%.x (BaO) = 16-20 mol%, x (Nd 2 O3) = 10-17 mol%, x (Gd 2 O 3 ) = 0-8 mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66-72 mol% in x (Bi 2 O 3 ) = 0-3 mol%.

Pri raziskavah mikrovalovnih materialov na osnovi Nd2O3, TiO2 in BaO smo ugotovili, da se prisotnosti Nd2Ti2O7 faze, kot modifikatorju v sintrani keramiki lahko izognemo. Zahtevano temperaturno stabilnost lahko dosežemo tudi s keramiko, ki se s svojo sestavo nahaja v trofaznem področju BNT4-Ba2Ti9O20 -BaTi4O9 in ji je dodan ustrezen vendar majhen delež Bi2O3. Temperaturni koeficient resonančne frekvence lahko dokončno natančno uravnavamo z dodatkom Gd2O3 ter tako dosežemo natančno določene vrednosti Tf med -10 ppm/Kter+15 ppm/K, ne da bi s tem bistveno znižali dielektričnost materiala. Odvisno od oblike in sestave vzorca so izmerjene resonančne frekvence med 0.5 GHz in 8 GHz.In the research of microwave materials based on Nd 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and BaO, we have found that the presence of Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 phase as a modifier in sintered ceramics can be avoided. The required temperature stability can also be achieved by ceramics, which, by their composition, are located in the three-phase region of BNT4-Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 -BaTi 4 O 9 and have a corresponding but small fraction of Bi 2 O 3 . The temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency can be finely controlled by the addition of Gd 2 O 3 , thus achieving well-defined values of T f between -10 ppm / Kter + 15 ppm / K without significantly reducing the dielectricity of the material. Depending on the shape and composition of the sample, resonant frequencies between 0.5 GHz and 8 GHz are measured.

Izhodne surovine, t.j. okside barija (BaO), neodima (Nd2O3 ), gadolinija (Gd2O3), titana (TiO2) in bizmuta (Bi2O3) zmešamo v ustreznem razmerju. Mešanici osnovnih oksidov dodamo etanol v masnem deležu 30-40% ter zmes homogeniziramo. Po homogenizaciji suspenzijo osušimo s sušenjem 0.5 do 1 uro pri 90°C do 100°C ter prah stisnemo v kolute, ki jih kalciniramo 1-10 ur pri temperaturi 1000°C do 1150°C. Kalciniran prah nato zmeljemo v ZrO2 mlinu z ZrO2 mlevnimi telesi do velikosti delcev 1-2μΓη, ga posušimo ter oblikujemo z znanimi postopki v izdelke, ki jih nato sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320°C.The feedstocks, ie barium oxides (BaO), neodymium (Nd 2 O 3 ), gadolinium (Gd 2 O 3 ), titanium (TiO 2 ) and bismuth (Bi 2 O 3 ) are mixed in a suitable ratio. Ethanol was added to the mixture of basic oxides by weight of 30-40% and the mixture was homogenized. After homogenization, the suspension is dried by drying for 0.5 to 1 hour at 90 ° C to 100 ° C, and the powder is compressed into coils, which are calcined for 1-10 hours at 1000 ° C to 1150 ° C. The calcined powder is then ground in a ZrO 2 mill with ZrO 2 milling bodies up to a particle size of 1-2µΓη, dried and molded by known methods into products, which are then sintered for 15 minutes at 1320 ° C.

-4Sintrana keramika je najmanj dvofazna, velikost zrn je približno 1μηη delež poroznosti pa ne presega 3%. Dielektrična konstanta takšne keramike dosega vrednosti do 100, pri čemer je faktor kvalitete višji od 5000. Mikrovalovne dielektrične lastnosti so navedene v izvedbenih primerih in zaključni tabeli.-4 The sintered ceramic is at least two-phase and the grain size is approximately 1μηη, the porosity content does not exceed 3%. The dielectric constant of such ceramics reaches values up to 100, with a quality factor higher than 5000. The microwave dielectric properties are given in the embodiments and the end table.

IZVEDBENI PRIMERI:IMPLEMENTING EXAMPLES:

Izvedbeni primer 1:Example 1:

Zmes oksidov barija, neodima, titana in bizmuta s sestavo x(BaO)=16.7mol%, x(Nd2Og)=14.2mol% x(TiO2)=66.6mol% in x(Bi2O3)=2.5mol% (v nadaljevanju sestava E1) kalciniramo 6 ur pri temperaturi 1150°C. Po mletju kalcinat lužimo v 7.8 M raztopini HNO3 tri ure. Kolute sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320° C. Dielektričnost takšne keramike, merjena pri 1 GHz, znaša 99, je 15 ppm/K, faktor kvalitete pa je višji od 5000.A mixture of barium, neodymium, titanium and bismuth oxides with the composition x (BaO) = 16.7 mol%, x (Nd 2 Og) = 14.2 mol% x (TiO 2 ) = 66.6 mol% and x (Bi 2 O 3 ) = 2.5 mol % (hereinafter composition E1) is calcined for 6 hours at 1150 ° C. After grinding, calcinate was basified in 7.8 M HNO 3 solution for three hours. The sinters are sintered for 15 minutes at a temperature of 1320 ° C. The dielectricity of such ceramics, measured at 1 GHz, is 99 is 15 ppm / K and the quality factor is greater than 5000.

Izvedbeni primer 2:Example 2:

Zmes oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta s sestavo x(BaO)=16.7mol%, x(Nd2O3)=13.4mol% x(Gd2O3)=0.8mol%, x(TiO2)=66.6mol% in x(Bi2O3)=2.5mol% (v nadaljevanju sestava E2) kalciniramo 6 ur pri temperaturi 1150°C. Kolute sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320° C. Dielektričnost takšne keramike, merjena pri 1 GHz, znaša 96, Tf je 10 ppm/K, faktor kvalitete pa je višji od 5000.A mixture of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth oxides with the composition x (BaO) = 16.7mol%, x (Nd 2 O 3 ) = 13.4mol% x (Gd 2 O 3 ) = 0.8mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66.6 mol% and x (Bi 2 O 3 ) = 2.5 mol% (hereinafter composition E2) calcined for 6 hours at 1150 ° C. The sinters are sintered for 15 minutes at 1320 ° C. The dielectricity of such ceramics, measured at 1 GHz, is 96, T f is 10 ppm / K and the quality factor is higher than 5000.

-5Izvedbeni primer 3:-5Example 3:

Zmes oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta s sestavo sestavo x(BaO)=16.7mol%, x(Nd2O3)=12.5mol% x(Gd2O3)=1.7mol%, x(TiO2)=66.6mol% in x(Bi2O3)=2.5mol% (v nadaljevanju sestava E3) kalciniramo 6 ur pri temperaturi 1150°C. Kolute sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320° C. Dielektričnost takšne keramike, merjena pri 1 GHz, znaša 94, xf je 6 ppm/K, faktor kvalitete pa je višji od 5000.A mixture of oxides of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth with a composition of composition x (BaO) = 16.7mol%, x (Nd 2 O 3 ) = 12.5mol% x (Gd 2 O3) = 1.7mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66.6 mol% and x (Bi 2 O 3 ) = 2.5 mol% (hereinafter composition E3) calcined for 6 hours at 1150 ° C. The sinters are sintered for 15 minutes at 1320 ° C. The dielectricity of such ceramics, measured at 1 GHz, is 94, x f is 6 ppm / K and the quality factor is greater than 5000.

Izvedbeni primer 4:Example 4:

Zmes oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta s sestavo sestavo x(BaO)=16.7mol%, x(Nd2O3)=11.7mol% x(Gd2O3)=2.5mol%, x(TiO2)=66.6mol% in x(Bi2O3)=2.5mol% (v nadaljevanju sestava E4) kalciniramo 6 ur pri temperaturi 1150°C. Kolute sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320° C. Dielektričnost takšne keramike, merjena pri 1 GHz, znaša 92, je 0 ppm/K, faktor kvalitete pa je višji od 5000.A mixture of oxides of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth with a composition of composition x (BaO) = 16.7mol%, x (Nd 2 O 3 ) = 11.7mol% x (Gd 2 O3) = 2.5mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66.6 mol% and x (Bi 2 O3) = 2.5 mol% (hereinafter composition E4) calcined for 6 hours at 1150 ° C. The sinters are sintered for 15 minutes at a temperature of 1320 ° C. The dielectricity of such ceramics, measured at 1 GHz, is 92 is 0 ppm / K and the quality factor is greater than 5000.

Izvedbeni primer 5:Example 5:

Zmes oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta s sestavo sestavo x(BaO)=16.7mol%, x(Nd2O3)=10.9mol% x(Gd2O3)=3.3mol%, x(TiO2)=66.6mol% in x(Bi2O3)=2.5mol (sestava E5) kalciniramo 6 ur pri temperaturi 1150°C. Kolute sintramo 15 minut pri temperaturi 1320° C. Dielektričnost takšne keramike, merjena pri 1 GHz, znaša 90, τ, je -6 ppm/K, faktor kvalitete pa je višji od 5000.A mixture of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth oxides with a composition of composition x (BaO) = 16.7mol%, x (Nd 2 O 3 ) = 10.9mol% x (Gd 2 O 3 ) = 3.3mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66.6 mol% and x (Bi 2 O3) = 2.5 mol (composition E5) calcined for 6 hours at 1150 ° C. The sinters are sintered for 15 minutes at 1320 ° C. The dielectricity of such ceramics, measured at 1 GHz, is 90, τ, is -6 ppm / K, and the quality factor is greater than 5000.

-6Mikrovalovni keramični elementi, ki so predmet izuma, se glede na primerjalne elemente (EO) odlikujejo predvsem z visoko dielektrično konstanto, povsem prilagodljivim temperaturnim koeficientom resonančne frekvence ter primernim faktorjem kvalitete. Prednost opisane sestave predstavlja Gd2O3, ki omogoča uravnavanje tf, pri čemer se ohrani visoka dielektričnost keramike. Dodatna prednost opisane sestave je tudi v tem, da je zelo toksičen dodatek PbO zamenjan z Bi2O3 in Gd2O3, kar pomeni, da je proizvodnja ekološko sprejemljivejša.-6Microwave ceramic elements according to the invention are distinguished according to Comparative Elements (EO) mainly by a high dielectric constant, a completely adjustable temperature coefficient of resonance frequency and a suitable quality factor. The advantage of the described composition is Gd 2 O 3 , which allows the adjustment of t f , while maintaining the high dielectricity of the ceramics. An additional advantage of the described composition is that the highly toxic PbO supplement is replaced by Bi 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 , which means that production is more environmentally friendly.

Tabela 1: Mikrovalovne lastnosti keramike iz izvedbenih primerovTable 1: Microwave properties of ceramics from embodiments

sestava composition k' k ' Qxf Qxf Tf (ppm/K)T f (ppm / K) E1 E1 99 99 >5000 > 5000 15 15 E2 E2 96 96 >5000 > 5000 10 10 E3 E3 94 94 >5000 > 5000 6 6 E4 E4 92 92 >5000 > 5000 0 0 E5 E5 90 90 >5000 > 5000 -6 -6 BaO-PbO-Nd2O3-TiO2*BaO-PbO-Nd 2 O 3 -TiO 2 * 88 88 5000 5000 0 0

*.... literaturna navedba K. VVakino, T. Minai, H. Tamura, J. Am Ceram. Soc., 67, str 278-281* .... citation K. VVakino, T. Minai, H. Tamura, J. Am Ceram. Soc., 67, pp. 278-281

Claims (1)

PATENTNI ZAHTEVEK:PATENT APPLICATION: Mikrovalovna dielektrična keramika iz oksidov barija, neodima, gadolinija, titana in bizmuta, izdelana po standardnih metodah izdelave mikrovalovnih keramičnih dielektrikov, označena s tem , da so sestave v naslednjih molskih deležih:Microwave dielectric ceramics of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth oxides, manufactured using standard microwave ceramic dielectric manufacturing methods, characterized in that the compositions are in the following mole ratios: x(BaO) = 16-20 mol%, x(Nd2O3) = 10-17 mol%, x(Gd2O3) = 0-8 mol%, x(TiO2) = 66-72 mol% in x(Bi2O3) = 0-3 mol%. ( x (BaO) = 16-20 mol%, x (Nd 2 O 3 ) = 10-17 mol%, x (Gd 2 O 3 ) = 0-8 mol%, x (TiO 2 ) = 66-72 mol% and x (Bi 2 O 3 ) = 0-3 mol%. (
SI9500374A 1995-12-12 1995-12-12 Microwave dielectric ceramics from barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth SI9500374A (en)

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PCT/SI1996/000032 WO1997021642A1 (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-04 Microwave dielectric ceramics composed of barium, neodymium, gadolinium, titanium and bismuth oxides

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JP2554478B2 (en) * 1986-11-04 1996-11-13 富士電気化学株式会社 Microwave dielectric porcelain composition
JPH0637328B2 (en) * 1988-09-13 1994-05-18 株式会社住友金属セラミックス Dielectric porcelain composition
JP2645589B2 (en) * 1989-04-18 1997-08-25 宇部興産株式会社 Dielectric porcelain composition
JPH0850812A (en) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-20 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Dielectric ceramic composition

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