SI9300256A

SI9300256A - Water heater

Info

Publication number: SI9300256A
Application number: SI9300256A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Adama Toure
Original assignee: Adama Toure; Tecaj D O O
Priority date: 1993-05-14
Filing date: 1993-05-14
Publication date: 1994-06-30

Abstract

Toplovodni kotel pretočne izvedbe rešuje problem večjega izkoristka temperature izhodnih dimnih plinov za ogrevanje vode v vodni komori (16) in sicer do 95%, pri minimalni in maksimalni obratovalni temperaturi kotla. V ta namen je v ohišje toplovodnega kotla po izumu vgrajena dodatna dimna cev (7), ki je pretočno vstavljena in vodotesno ter plinotesno pritrjena v prekatnih stenah (8, 9) tako, da en njen konec sega v toplotno komoro (14), njen drugi konec pa je spojen z neprikazanim dimnikom. Segreti dimni plini potujejo iz zgorevalne komore (5) skozi toplotni register (6) v toplotno komoro (14), od tu pa dalje skozi dimno cev (7) v dimnik. Dimno cev (7) je mogoče vgraditi v toplovodne kotle različnih izvedb, ki koristijo trda, tekoča ali plinasta goriva oziroma energijo.A hot water boiler of a flow-through design solves the problem greater utilization of output flue temperature of water for heating water in a water chamber (16), namely up to 95%, with minimum and maximum operating time boiler temperature. For this purpose, it is in the housing of the hot water according to the invention an additional flue pipe (7) which is flow-through and waterproof and gas tight in the partition walls (8, 9) such that one end thereof extends into the heat chamber (14) and its other end is coupled to an unmanifest chimney. Flue gas heated travel from the combustion chamber (5) through the heat chamber register (6) into the heat chamber (14) and thence through smoke pipe (7) into the chimney. Smoke hose (7) possible to be installed in hot water boilers of different designs that benefit solid, liquid or gaseous fuels or energy.

Description

TOPLOVODNI KOTELHEATING BOILER

Predmet izuma so sistemi za centralno ogrevanje in oskrbo s toplo vodo, ki koristijo toploto akumulirano v grelnih masah in so konkretneje pretočni toplovodni kotli oziroma peči za ogrevanje vode in zraka, ki lahko koristijo eno, dve ali veČ vrst goriva oziroma energije, ki imajo v svoji notranjosti vgrajeno dodatno dimno cev, s katero podaljšamo pot izhoda segretih dimnih plinov iz kotla v dimnik, s tem pa je dosežen maksimalni možen toplotni izkoristek.FIELD OF THE INVENTION The subject of the invention is central heating and hot water supply systems that utilize heat accumulated in the heating masses and, more specifically, hot water boilers or furnaces for heating water and air, which can use one, two or more types of fuel or energy having an additional flue pipe is installed inside, which extends the path of the exhaust flue gas exit from the boiler to the chimney, thus achieving the maximum possible thermal efficiency.

Izum sodi po mednarodni klasifikaciji v F 24H 1/00,The invention belongs to the international classification in F 24H 1/00,

F 24H 1/10, F 24H 1/34, F 24H 6/00 in dodatno še v F 24C 1/02 ter F 24D 11/00.F 24H 1/10, F 24H 1/34, F 24H 6/00 and additionally in F 24C 1/02 and F 24D 11/00.

Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum, je takšna konstrukcija toplovodnega kotla, ki bo omogočala maksimalni izkoristek vložene energije in s tem izkoristek proizvedene toplotne energije do 95% in to pri minimalni in pri maksimalni obratovalni temperaturi toplovodnega kotla, hkrati pa bo celotna konstrukcija enostavna, kompaktna in razmeroma majhnih dimenzij, toplovodni kotel pa solidno zaprt oziroma tesnjen in toplotno izoliran.A technical problem solved by the invention is such a design of a hot water boiler that will allow the maximum utilization of the energy input, and thus the utilization of the heat energy produced up to 95%, at the minimum and maximum operating temperature of the hot water boiler, while making the whole structure simple, compact and of relatively small dimensions, and the hot water boiler is tightly closed or sealed and thermally insulated.

Znanih rešitev toplovodnih kotlov, ki koristijo eno ali več vrst goriva za centralno ogrevanje prostorov, je precej. V principu so vse znane rešitve takšne konstrukcije, da imajo dimno cev speljano v dimnik direktno iz ogrevalne komore tako, da je le-ta izvedena izven ohišja kotla, kar je hkrati skupna značilnost teh rešitev. Problem, ki je ostal nerešen, je v tem, da dimni plini, razmeroma visokih temperatur, neizkoriščeni uhajajo skozi dimnik v okolje, s tem pa je njihov toplotni izkoristek relativno nizek, poraba goriva večja, sporen pa je tudi njihov ekološki učinek v danem okolju.There are many known solutions for hot water boilers using one or more types of fuel for district heating. In principle, all known solutions are of such construction that they have a flue pipe directly into the chimney directly from the heating chamber so that it is carried out outside the boiler housing, which is at the same time a common feature of these solutions. The problem, which remains unresolved, is that the flue gas, of relatively high temperatures, is left unused through the chimney into the environment, thus making their thermal efficiency relatively low, fuel consumption higher, and their environmental impact in the given environment is controversial .

Po izumu je problem rešen s toplovodnim kotlom, ki ima, nad zgorevalno komoro in toplotnim registrom ter med obema prekatnima stenama, izvedeno še dodatno dimno cev, ki je potopljena v vodno komoro toplovodnega kotla.According to the invention, the problem is solved by a hot water boiler which, above the combustion chamber and the heat register and between the two partition walls, has an additional smoke pipe which is immersed in the water chamber of the hot water boiler.

Izum bo opisan na prednostnem izvedbenem primeru in sliki, ki prikazuje toplovodni kotel po izumu v vzdolžnem prerezu.The invention will be described in a preferred embodiment and in the figure showing a hot water boiler of the invention in longitudinal section.

Toplovodni kotel po izumu tvorijo sestav ohišja z gorilnikom 3, zgorevalna komora 5, toplotni register 6, dimna cev 7, prekatni steni 8 in 9, predgrelec 10, vodi 11,12 in 13, toplotna komora 14, usmerjevalna komora 15 in vodna komora 16.The hot water boiler according to the invention consists of a housing assembly with a burner 3, a combustion chamber 5, a heat register 6, a smoke pipe 7, a partition wall 8 and 9, a preheater 10, lines 11,12 and 13, a heat chamber 14, a directing chamber 15 and a water chamber 16 .

Sestav ohišja tvorijo štiri izolirane stranske stene 1, ki ga s čelne strani plinotesno zapirajo izolirana vrata 2, s hrbtne strani pa prav tako plinotesno hrbtna stena 4The housing assembly is formed by four insulated side walls 1, which are gas-tightly closed by an insulated door 2 from the front, and also by a gas-tight back wall 4 from the front.

V nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru so lahko vrata 2 votle izvedbe in hlajena z vodo.In another embodiment, the door 2 may be hollow and water cooled.

V notranjosti ohišja sta, med stranske stene 1 in pravokotno na njih, nameščeni prekatni steni 8 in 9, ki sta na stranske stene 1 plinotesno oziroma vodotesno zavarjeni ali kako drugače pritrjeni, pri čemer je prekatna stena 8 nameščena ob in nekoliko odmaknjeno od vrat 2 in je prekatna stena 9 nameščena ob in nekoliko odmaknjeno od hrbtne stene 4 in pri čemer sta obe prekatni steni 8,9 vstavljeni v notranjost ohišja in sta si vzporedni. Med vrati 2 in notranjo prekatno steno 8, je izveden medprostor, katerega prostornina tvori toplotno komoro 14. Medprostor med prekatnima stenama 8 in 9 tvori s svojo prostornino vodno komoro 16.Inside the enclosure, between the side walls 1 and orthogonal to them, there are partitions 8 and 9, which are gas sealed or watertightly welded or otherwise attached to the side walls 1, with the partition wall 8 being positioned at and slightly off from the door 2 and the partition wall 9 is positioned at and slightly offset from the back wall 4, wherein both partition walls 8,9 are inserted inside the housing and are parallel. Between the door 2 and the inner partition wall 8, an intermediate space is formed, the volume of which forms a heat chamber 14. The space between the partition walls 8 and 9 forms, with its volume, a water chamber 16.

Med prekatni steni 8 in 9 je vodoravno in pretočno nameščena zgorevalna komora 5 tako, da je njena vzdolžna središčna os soosna z vzdolžno središčno osjo plinskega ali oljnega gorilnika 3 in je izvedena tako, da njena konca segata nekoliko izven prekatne stene 8 oziroma 9.A combustion chamber 5 is arranged horizontally and flow-through between the partition walls 8 and 9 so that its longitudinal center axis is co-axial with the longitudinal center axis of the gas or oil burner 3 and is arranged so that its ends extend slightly beyond the partition walls 8 and 9 respectively.

Okrog in okrog zunanjega plašča zgorevalne komore 5 in nekoliko oddaljeno od njega, je nameščen toplotni register 6, ki ga sestavlja večje število votlih cevi, nameščenih krožno okrog zgorevalne komore 5 tako, da sta konca cevi registra 6 vstavljena pretočno skozi prekatno steno 8 oziroma 9.A heat register 6 is formed around and around the outer jacket of the combustion chamber 5 and some distance therefrom, comprising a plurality of hollow tubes arranged circularly around the combustion chamber 5 such that the ends of the tubes of the register 6 are inserted through a partition wall 8 and 9 respectively. .

V prostoru med prekatno steno 9 in hrbtno steno 4 je izbočeno izveden predgrelec 10, ki je pretočno spojen s povratnim vodom 13 in vodom 11 in preko slednjega z vodno komoro 16, pri Čemer je en konec vodov 11 in 13 pretočno izveden skozi hrbtno steno 4. Vod 11 je nameščen nekoliko izpod, vod 13 pa nekoliko iznad toplotnega registra 6.In the space between the partition wall 9 and the back wall 4, a preheated preheater 10 is convexly connected to the return conduit 13 and conduit 11 and via the latter to the water chamber 16, with one end of conduits 11 and 13 flowing through the back wall 4. Line 11 is positioned slightly below and line 13 slightly above heat register 6.

Nad toplotnim registrom 6 in nad povratnim vodom 13, je med prekatni steni 8,9 ter skozi njiju, pretočno nameščena dimna cev 7 nekoliko večjega premera, ki z enim svojim koncem sega v toplotno komoro 14, z drugim koncem pa skozi hrbtno steno 4 na prosto. Nad dimno cevjo 7 in skozi hrbtno steno 4 je izveden odvodni vod 12, ki je pretočno spojen z vodno komoro 16.Above the heat register 6 and above the return line 13, a slightly larger diameter flue pipe 7 is inserted between the partition wall 8,9 and through them, which extends into the heat chamber 14 with one end and through the back wall 4 at the other end. freely. Above the smoke pipe 7 and through the back wall 4, a drainage duct 12 is connected, which is flow-connected to the water chamber 16.

Toplotni register 6, dimna cev 7, toplotna komora 14 in usmerjevalna komora 15 v bistvu tvorijo plinsko komoro toplotnega kotla po izumu.The heat register 6, the flue pipe 7, the heat chamber 14 and the directing chamber 15 essentially form the gas chamber of the heat boiler of the invention.

Zagon in obratovanje toplovodnega kotla po prijavljenem izumu poteka tako, da najprej skozi vod 11 dovedemo v vodno komoro 16 vodo, pri čemer črpalka za njen krožni pretok še miruje. Po vklopu gorilnika 3 prične v zgorevalni komori 5 ali v takoimenovanem plamenjaku, postopek zgorevanja. Segret zrak in segreti dimni plini potujejo skozi zgorevalno komoro 5 v usmerjevalno komoro 15, od koder potujejo skozi toplotni register 6 v toplotno komoro 14 in dalje skozi dimno cev 7 v neprikazani dimnik, pri čemer so zgorevalna komora 5, toplotni register 6 in dimna cev 7 potopljeni v vodo, ki se nahaja v vodni komori 16 in jo segrevajo. Pretok segrete vode se vrši skozi odvodni vod 12 v neprikazan uporabnik ali več njih. Iz uporabnika se voda vrača v kotel po izumu skozi povratni vod 13 in potuje nadalje skozi predgrelec (10) in nazaj v vodno komoro 16.The hot water boiler is started and operated according to the present invention by first supplying water through the conduit 11 to the water chamber 16, while the pump for its circular flow is still stationary. After switching on the burner 3, the combustion process starts in the combustion chamber 5 or in the so-called burner. The heated air and the heated flue gas pass through the combustion chamber 5 to the directing chamber 15, from which they pass through the heat register 6 to the heat chamber 14 and further through the flue pipe 7 to the non-displayed chimney, the combustion chamber 5, the heat register 6 and the flue pipe 7 immersed in water contained in the water chamber 16 and heated. The flow of heated water is carried out through the discharge line 12 to a non-displayed user or several. From the user, the water is returned to the boiler of the invention through a return line 13 and further through the preheater (10) and back into the water chamber 16.

V posamezne cevi toplotnega registra 6 so vgrajeni turbulatorji, ki pa posebaj niso prikazani.The individual tubes of the heat register 6 have turbulators, which are not shown separately.

V nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru je lahko dimna cev vgrajena tudi v toplovodni kotel na trda goriva.In another embodiment, the flue pipe may also be installed in a solid fuel boiler.

Prav tako je lahko v nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru v vodno komoro 16 vstavljen en ali več električnih grelcev, kot nadalnji možni vir energije.In another embodiment, one or more electric heaters may be inserted into the water chamber 16 as a further possible source of energy.

Zaradi dodatno vgrajene dimne cevi 7 v kotel po izumu, pridobimo možnost dodatnega ogrevanja vode v vodni komori 16 in sicer kot dopolnitev ogrevanju preko zgorevalne komore 5 in toplotnega registra 6. Na ta način se izkoristijo dimni plini, katerih temperatura je od 16O°-22O°, za ogrevanje vode, kar omogoča hitro doseganje njene grelne oziroma obratovalne temperature, minimalno porabo goriva in s tem zmanjšanje škodljive emisije v okolje.Due to the addition of a flue pipe 7 in the boiler according to the invention, the possibility of additional water heating in the water chamber 16 is obtained, as a complement to the heating through the combustion chamber 5 and the heat register 6. In this way, the flue gases whose temperature is from 16O-22O are used. °, for heating water, which allows it to reach its heating or operating temperature quickly, minimizing fuel consumption and thus reducing harmful emissions into the environment.

Vgrajen predgrelec 10 za povratno vodo in izveden način vodenja dimnih plinov, preprečujeta kondenzacijo in korozijo.Built-in return water preheater 10 and flue gas control, prevent condensation and corrosion.

Obratovalni pritisk kotla po izumu je od 1,6 do 2,5 atm, pri čemer je njegova varnost zagotovljena do 8 atm.The operating pressure of the boiler according to the invention is from 1.6 to 2.5 atm, while its safety is guaranteed up to 8 atm.

Toplovodni kotel po izumu je prednostno izveden iz nerjaveče kotlovske pločevine ali iz prokrom pločevine, ki je odporna na temperaturo do 1200°C. Prednostne izve dbe so v smislu etažnega in kletnega toplovodnega kotlaThe hot water boiler according to the invention is preferably made of a stainless steel boiler sheet or a procrom metal sheet resistant to temperatures up to 1200 ° C. The preferred embodiments are in terms of floor and basement hot water boilers

Na toplovodni kotel po izumu je lahko, v nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru, pretočno vezan ustrezen bojler in sicer z direktno ali posredno vezavo. V kombinaciji z uparjalnikom, kondenzatorjem in toplotno črpalko, lahko s tem kotlom ohlajamo zrak v prostoru.In another embodiment, a suitable boiler may be connected to a hot water boiler according to the invention by direct or indirect connection. In combination with an evaporator, a condenser and a heat pump, this boiler can cool the air in the room.

Toplovodni kotel po izumu je uporaben tudi za ogrevanje industrijske vode v določenih tehnoloških procesih, kot na primer v kovinskopredelovalni industriji, usnjarstvu lakirnicah in podobno.The hot water boiler of the invention is also useful for heating industrial water in certain technological processes, such as in the metalworking industry, tanneries and the like.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATION

1. A hot water boiler in which an insulated housing has two partitions, a combustion chamber or a burner, a heat register, a return water preheater, a drainage and return line, and a charge and discharge line provided for one, two or more fuels or energy , characterized in that a smoke pipe (7) of any diameter and cross section is mounted above the combustion chamber (5), surrounded by a heat register (6).

Hot water boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the flue pipe (7) is flow-through through the partition wall (8,9) so that one end extends slightly into the heat chamber (14) and its other end extends slightly outside the back wall (4) and is flow-connected to an undescribed chimney.