SI9011152A - Device for glass hardening by contact - Google Patents
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- SI9011152A SI9011152A SI9011152A SI9011152A SI9011152A SI 9011152 A SI9011152 A SI 9011152A SI 9011152 A SI9011152 A SI 9011152A SI 9011152 A SI9011152 A SI 9011152A SI 9011152 A SI9011152 A SI 9011152A
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Abstract
Izum obravnava pripravo za kaljenje z dotikom stekel, ki obsega dve plošči za stiskanje, ki sta ohlajani, in pripravo za ohlajanje periferne površine stekla s pomočjo curkov zraka. Ta priprava, ki je namenjena ohlajanju perifernih površin (35) stekla (30) je sestavljena iz pihalnih paralelepipednih ramp (32), ki so nameščene med ploščama (81,2) za ohlajanje in stiskanje in v katerih so po eni strani nameščene odprtine za ohlajevaine zračne curke, ki so usmerjeni proti periferni površini (35) stekla (30), po drugi strani sesalne luknje (40), ki so nameščene med temi odprtinami (34), pri čemer imajo odprtine (34) premer vsaj 1 mm in največ enak debelini stekla in imajo sesalne luknje (40) prečen prerez, ki znaša vsaj 3-kraten prerez odprtin (34) in so dimenzije plošč (1, 2) za ohlajanje in stiskanje tako kot razmestitev in/ali širina (B) ramp (32) takšni, daje razdalja (A) med ustji odprtin (34) in periferno površino (35) stekla (30), ki je nasproti, vsaj 2-kratni in največ 6-kratni premer odprtin (34). The invention relates to a preparation for touch hardening glass comprising two compression plates which are cooled, and preparation for cooling the peripheral surface glass with the help of air jets. This preparation that is intended for cooling the peripheral surfaces (35) of the glass (30) consists of blowing parallelepiped ramps (32), which are placed between the plates (81,2) for cooling and compression and in which they are on the one hand installed openings for cooling air jets, which are directed towards the peripheral surface (35) of the glass (30), on the other hand, the suction holes (40) which are installed between these openings (34), having openings (34) diameter of at least 1 mm and at most equal to the thickness of the glass and have suction holes (40) with a cross-section of at least 3 times the cross-section of the openings (34) and are the dimensions of the panels (1, 2) for cooling and compression as well as deployment and/or the width (B) of the ramps (32) such, gives the distance (A) between the mouths of the openings (34) and the peripheral surface (35) of the glass (30), which is opposite, at least 2 times and at most 6 times the diameter openings (34).
Description
Predloženi izum obravnava pripravo za kaljenje z dotikom steklene plošče z ojačenim pritiskom na robu, pri čemer omenjena plošča eventualno prav tako doživi bombiranje. Izum se zlasti uporablja pri izdelavi termično kaljenih stekel, ki so ravna ali pa imajo določeno ukrivljenost in so npr. namenjena za avtomobilska vozila.The present invention deals with a device for contact tempering of a glass plate with increased edge pressure, wherein said plate may also undergo bombardment. The invention is particularly used in the production of thermally tempered glasses, which are flat or have a certain curvature and are e.g. intended for automotive vehicles.
Običajno se termično kaljenje stekel izvaja s pihanjem hladnega zraka na obe strani steklenih plošč, ki so bile predhodno segrete na primerno temperaturo. V določenih primerih pa je bolj ugodno, da se uporabi postopek kaljenja, ki se imenuje kaljenje z dotikom, s tem da se stekla dovede v površinski neposreden dotik s stiskalnima ploščama, ki sta ohlajani npr. z vodo, in sta ravni stiskalni plošči ali stiskalna kalupa. Neposreden dotik s ploščama za stiskanje in ohlajanje dopušča, da se predvsem izogne deformacijam ali zvijanju stekla, ki se pojavljajo vsakič, ko je steklo podprto le vzdolž svojih robov in/ali po eni sami strani med kaljenjem. Postopek kaljenja z dotikom je lahko prav tako prednosten za izdelovanje stekel, ki so bombirana in kaljena, iz zelo drobnih stekel. Dejansko se drobno steklo ohlaja zelo hitro in, ko se v skladu s postopki bombiranja in kaljenja, ki so običajni, steklena plošča najprej bombira, preden se jo prenese na mesto za kaljenje s hladnim zrakom, je lahko ohlajanje stekla med transportom takšno, da je njegova temperatura nato nezadostna za kakovostno termično kaljenje. Uporaba stiskalnih plošč, ki sta sestavljeni iz kalupov, katerih oblika ustreza obliki, ki sejo želi podeliti steklu, dopušča, da se opusti ta prenos, pri čemer se bombiranje in kaljenje stekla na nek način izvedeta v eni sami operaciji.Usually, thermal tempering of glass is carried out by blowing cold air on both sides of the glass panels, which have previously been heated to a suitable temperature. In certain cases, however, it is more advantageous to use a tempering process called contact tempering, by bringing the glass into direct surface contact with pressing plates that are cooled, e.g. with water, and are flat press plates or press molds. The direct contact with the pressing and cooling plates allows, above all, to avoid the deformation or curling of the glass that occurs whenever the glass is supported only along its edges and/or on a single side during tempering. The touch tempering process may also be preferred for making glasses that are bombed and tempered from very fine glasses. In fact, fine glass cools very rapidly and when, in accordance with conventional bombarding and tempering procedures, the glass sheet is first bombarded before being transferred to the cold air tempering site, the cooling of the glass during transport can be such that its temperature is then insufficient for high-quality thermal hardening. The use of pressing plates, which consist of molds whose shape corresponds to the shape desired to be imparted to the glass, allows this transfer to be dispensed with, the bombardment and tempering of the glass being, in a sense, carried out in a single operation.
Iz patentne prijave EP-A 277 074 je poznano, kako se zmanjša lomljivost robov, ki se jo očita steklom, ki so kaljena z dotikom na običajen način, kije npr. poznan iz FR-A1From the patent application EP-A 277 074 it is known how to reduce the brittleness of the edges, which is blamed for glasses that are touch-tempered in the usual way, which e.g. known from FR-A1
580 305, s tem da se ustvari temperaturno razliko med robovi in središčem stekla predvsem s pihanjem ohlajevalnega zraka na robove stekla. V prej omenjeni prijavi je opisana priprava, v kateri so periferne ploskve stekla ohlajane s pomočjo curkov zraka, medtem ko se izvaja postopek kaljenja z dotikom. V spisu EP-A 277 074 je prav tako opisano, da so ti zračni curki ustvarjeni z rampami s cevmi, ki so nameščene vzporedno z robom stekla izven obeh plošč za ohlajanje in stiskanje. Te rampe so opremljene s šobami za pihanje zračnih curkov.580 305, by creating a temperature difference between the edges and the center of the glass mainly by blowing cooling air on the edges of the glass. The aforementioned application describes an arrangement in which the peripheral surfaces of the glass are cooled by jets of air while the touch tempering process is carried out. EP-A 277 074 also describes that these air jets are created by tube ramps positioned parallel to the edge of the glass outside the two cooling and compression plates. These ramps are equipped with nozzles for blowing air jets.
To pihanje hladnega zraka na periferne ploskve povzroča tri konfiguracije, ki so predvidljive za plošči za stiskanje in ohlajevanje in steklo. Steklo je tako lahko večje od obeh plošč, tako da njegovi robovi segajo do obeh plošč; tako je lahko iste velikosti kot sta obe plošči, torej s periferno površino, ki se končuje na nivoju obeh plošč ali pa je lahko manjše od obeh plošč, tako da mora biti obodna površina stekla, ki jo je treba ohladiti z zrakom, nameščena umaknjeno glede na stranski omejilni ploskvi plošč za ohlajanje in stiskanje in da se med ploščama tako stvori grlo, katerega osnovnica je sestavljena iz obodne ploskve stekla.This blowing of cold air onto the peripheral surfaces causes three configurations predictable behind the compression and cooling plates and the glass. The glass can thus be larger than the two plates, so that its edges reach both plates; so it may be of the same size as both plates, i.e. with a peripheral surface terminating at the level of both plates, or it may be smaller than either plate, so that the peripheral surface of the glass to be air-cooled must be set back from on the lateral limiting surface of the plates for cooling and compression and to create a throat between the plates, the base of which consists of a peripheral surface of glass.
Prav tako je poznano iz patentne prijave DE-A 1 771 790 pripravi za kaljenje z dotikom s pomočjo plošč za stiskanje, katerih prva je sestavljena iz kovinske toge plošče, ki je ohlajana z vodo in katerih druga je izoblikovana v obliki zaprtega ohišja s tesnečo membrana, ki je odporna na vročino, kije lahko napajano s pomočjo vode pod tlakom in katerega membrana vzpostavlja dotik s steklom.It is also known from the patent application DE-A 1 771 790 a preparation for touch hardening by means of pressing plates, the first of which consists of a metal rigid plate which is cooled by water and the second of which is formed in the form of a closed housing with a sealing membrane , which is resistant to heat, which can be powered by pressurized water and whose membrane makes contact with the glass.
V tem primeru sta stiskalni plošči prav tako večji od stekla. Ohlajanje perifernih ploskev stekla se mora torej izvesti tako, da so steklene plošče poševno odrezane po stranici, ki se pritisne ob membrano, tako da se ohlajena membrana lahko pritisne na odrezano površino. Ta odrez robov steklenih plošč pa ne more biti izvedeno v primeru avtomobilskih stekel.In this case, the pressing plates are also larger than the glass. The cooling of the peripheral surfaces of the glass must therefore be carried out in such a way that the glass panels are cut diagonally along the side that is pressed against the membrane, so that the cooled membrane can be pressed onto the cut surface. However, this cutting of the edges of the glass panels cannot be done in the case of car windows.
Iz različnih razlogov se takšen postopek izkaže pogosto bolj ekonomičen, na enoten način plošči za ohlajanje in stiskanje lahko ustrezata steklom različnih velikosti, vendar istega krivinskega polmera. Po drugi strani se laže doseže ojačene pritiske po robu z obema ploščama za ohlajanje in stiskanje, ki sta večji od steklene plošče, ker je v tem primeru jakost pihanja na robovih lahko dovolj šibka, medtem ko s ploščama, ki sta manjši od steklene plošče, pihanje služi kvečjemu kaljenju v pravem pomenu besede obrobni področji, ki niso pokrita s ploščama za ohlajanje. Prednostno je za kaljenje z dotikom, da se uporablja priprave, ki obsegajo stiskalne plošče, ki so večje od stekel, ki jih je treba kaliti. Znane priprave pa ne dopuščajo čakati na zadovoljivo stanje napetosti stekel, kot naj bo v neposredni bližini njihovih robov ali po vseh njihovih perifernih ploskvah.For various reasons, such a process often turns out to be more economical, in a uniform way the cooling and pressing plates can fit glasses of different sizes but the same radius of curvature. On the other hand, it is easier to achieve enhanced edge pressures with both cooling and pressing plates larger than the glass plate, because in this case the blowing strength at the edges may be weak enough, while with plates smaller than the glass plate, blowing serves at most to temper, in the true sense of the word, the peripheral areas not covered by the cooling plates. It is preferred for touch tempering to use apparatus comprising pressing plates larger than the glasses to be tempered. However, the known preparations do not allow waiting for a satisfactory state of tension of the glasses, as it should be in the immediate vicinity of their edges or on all their peripheral surfaces.
Namen izuma je izpopolniti pripravo takšne vrste, ki je opisana v EP-A 277 074 takšne vrste, ki dopušča zadovoljivo kaljenje stekel po vsej njihovi površini. Z ojačanim pritiskom po robovih.The aim of the invention is to perfect the preparation of the type described in EP-A 277 074 of the type which allows satisfactory tempering of glasses over their entire surface. With reinforced pressure around the edges.
Priprava za kaljenje z dotikom po izumu obsega dve plošči za ohlajanje in stiskanje, med katerimi so nameščene rampe za pihanje v obliki paralel epipedov, pri čemer omenjene rampe obsegajo po eni strani odprtine za curke zraka za ohlajanje, ki so usmerjeni proti periferni površini stekla, in po drugi strani med temi pihalnimi odprtinami sesalne luknje za zrak, pri čemer imajo odprtine premer vsaj 1 mm in največ enak debelini stekla in imajo luknje prečen prerez, ki znaša vsaj trikratni prerez odprtin, pri čemer so dimenzije plošč za ohlajanje in stiskanje tako kot razvrstitev in/ali velikost ramp lahko takšne, naj bo razdalja med ustji odprtin in obodno površino stekla, ki jim leži nasproti, med 2 in 6 kratnikom premera omenjenih odprtin.The device for touch tempering according to the invention comprises two plates for cooling and compression, between which are placed ramps for blowing in the form of parallelepipeds, said ramps comprising on one side openings for jets of cooling air directed towards the peripheral surface of the glass, and on the other hand, between these blowing openings, air intake holes, the openings having a diameter of at least 1 mm and not more than the thickness of the glass, and the holes having a cross-section equal to at least three times the cross-section of the openings, the dimensions of the cooling and compression plates being as the classification and/or size of the ramps can be such that the distance between the mouths of the openings and the peripheral surface of the glass opposite them is between 2 and 6 times the diameter of said openings.
Po razvrstitvi, ki je predlagana z izumom, paralelepipedne rampe za pihanje zapirajo vmesni prostor med obema ploščama za stiskanje in kaljenje in tvorijo kanale z dimenzijami, ki so določene s pihanjem zračnih curkov za ohlajanje in kanali za sesanje z dimenzijami, ki so prav tako določene za segret zrak, ki teče nazaj z obodne površine stekla. Ta razporeditev nudi prav tako pogoje, ki so stalni in nadzorovani, za ohlajanje s pomočjo zraka obodnih ploskev stekla. Na ta način in zahvaljujoč dimenziranju po izumu presekov talnih odprtin in sesalnih lukenj tako kot razdalje med sesalnimi luknjami in obodno ploskvijo stekla, so izpolnjeni pogoji, ki zagotavljajo najboljše stanje kaljenja v robnem področju stekla in predvsem v področju njegove periferne površine.According to the classification proposed by the invention, the parallelepiped ramps for blowing close the intermediate space between the two plates for pressing and hardening and form channels with dimensions determined by blowing air jets for cooling and suction channels with dimensions also determined for heated air flowing back from the peripheral surface of the glass. This arrangement also provides constant and controlled conditions for air-assisted cooling of the peripheral surfaces of the glass. In this way and thanks to the dimensioning according to the invention of the cross-sections of the floor openings and the suction holes as well as the distance between the suction holes and the peripheral surface of the glass, the conditions are met that ensure the best state of tempering in the edge area of the glass and especially in the area of its peripheral surface.
Pihalne odprtine in sesalne luknje so prednostno razmeščene v izmenjujočem se zaporedju. V tem primeru je prerez sesalne luknje lahko prednostno približno štirikratnik le-tega za pihalno odprtino.Blow holes and suction holes are preferably arranged in an alternating sequence. In this case, the cross-section of the suction hole can preferably be about four times that of the blowing hole.
V primeru, ko se odprtine in sesalni kanali ne morejo izmenjavati na strog način, je potrebno, da je vsota presekov sesalnih kanalov vsaj trikratnik in prednostno štirikratnik vsote prerezov odprtin šob.In the case where openings and suction channels cannot be exchanged in a strict manner, it is necessary that the sum of the sections of the suction channels is at least three times and preferably four times the sum of the sections of the nozzle openings.
Pihalne rampe so npr. sestavljene iz posameznih sekcij, ki so v primeru, ko to nastopa, kot nastavek z obodnimi šobami. Prednostno pa vsekakor pihalne rampe tvorijo zaprt okvir vse okrog stekla, ki se tako nahaja v celoti obdano v prostoru, ki je določen po eni strani s ploščami zaohlajanje in po drugi strani z okvirom, ki ga tvorijo pihalne rampe z odprtinami za sesanje zraka kot edino povezavo z zunanjostjo.Blow ramps are e.g. consisting of individual sections, which in the case when this occurs, as an attachment with peripheral nozzles. Preferably, however, the blowing ramps form a closed frame all around the glass, which is thus completely surrounded in a space defined on the one hand by the cooling panels and on the other hand by the frame formed by the blowing ramps with openings for air intake as the only connection with the outside.
Drugi prednostni izvedbeni primeri izuma tvorijo predmet odvisnih patentnih zahtevkov in bodo razen tega izhajali iz naslednjega opisa izvedbenega primera priprave po izumu, ki je izdelan sklicujoč se na priložene risbe, ki prikazujejo na:Other preferred embodiments of the invention form the subject of dependent patent claims and will, in addition, be derived from the following description of the embodiment of the preparation according to the invention, which is made with reference to the attached drawings, which show:
sliki 1 perspektiven pogled z iztrganim delom izvedbenega primera priprave za kaljenje z dotikom po izumu, slika 2 pogled v vertikalnem prerezu priprave, ki je predstavljena na sliki 1, pri čemer sta plošči za ohlajanje in stiskanje v staknjenem položaju slika 3 pogled v povečanem merilu na dele slike 2, slika 4 prav tako pogled na navpičen prerez drugega izvedbenega primera priprave.Fig. 1 is a perspective view with a cutaway part of an embodiment of the touch tempering device according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 1, with the cooling and pressing plates in the locked position Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of parts of figure 2, figure 4 also a vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the preparation.
Zaradi poensotavitve izvedbeni primer, ki je na sliki 1, prikazuje pripravo za izdelovanje ravnega kaljenega stekla, to se pravi, pripravo, v kateri so dotične površine obeh plošč za ohlajanje in stiskanje ravne. Seveda pa prav tako možno izvesti plošči za ohlajanje in stiskanje v obliki kalupnih plošč z ukrivljeno dotično površino, tako da so lahko stekla hkrati bombirana in kaljena s pomočjo kalupnih plošč.For the sake of simplification, the embodiment shown in Figure 1 shows an apparatus for producing flat tempered glass, that is, an apparatus in which the contact surfaces of the two cooling and pressing plates are flat. Of course, it is also possible to make the cooling and pressing plates in the form of molding plates with a curved contact surface, so that the glasses can be simultaneously bombarded and tempered with the help of molding plates.
Priprava obsega spodnjo ploščo 1 za ohlajanje in stiskanje, ki je toga, in zgornjo ploščo 2 za ohlajanje in stiskanje, ki predstavlja fleksibilno dotično ploskev. Spodnja plošča 1 za ohlajanje in stiskanje je sestavljena iz kovinske plošče 11 iz kovine z dobro toplotno prevodnostjo, kot sta baker ali steklo. Steklena plošča 11 je opremljena s kanali 12, po katerih se pretaka hladilna voda. Hladilna voda se dovaja po dovodnem vodu 13 in je odstranjevana po vodu 14. Na površini za stiskanje kovinske plošče je predvidena plast 15 iz snovi, ki ima toplotno upornost prednostno med Ο,ΙχΙΟ'3 in 0,25xl0'3 m2 x K x W4, to se pravi dobre lastnosti v pogledu toplotne prevodnosti in hkrati določeno zmožnost, da se elastično deformira. Ta plast 15 ima za nalogo, da zagotovi optimalni dotik vse površine s steklom. Prednostno ima debelino okoli 1 do 2 mm in je lahko npr. naosnovi luskastega grafita. Takšen material je npr. komercialno naprodaj pod znamko SIGRAFLEX. Na elastični plasti 15 je nameščena drobna kovinska pločevina 16, katere robna področja 17 so pritrjena na obodnih stranicah kovinske plošče 11. Kovinska pločevina 16 tvori plast za mehansko zaščito za elastično plast 15 in zagotavlja fiksiranje te elastične plasti 15 na kovinski plošči 11. Kovinsko platno 16 je izvedeno kot platno z zelo drobnimi zankami, ki mora v smeri, ki je pravokotna na svoje površinsko raztezanje, imeti majhno upornost za prevajanje toplote med 0,25.10' 3 in 5.103 m2 k.W4, in katerega debelina je prednostno med 0,1 in 0,3 mm. Kovinsko platno 16 je lahko npr. izvedeno iz vlaken iz zlitine železo-krom-nikelj ali kake druge zlitine krom-nikelj z visoko toplotno odpornostjo. Kovinska plošča 11 je pritrjena na primeren način na podporo 18.The device comprises a lower cooling and pressing plate 1, which is rigid, and an upper cooling and pressing plate 2, which is a flexible contact surface. The lower plate 1 for cooling and pressing is composed of a metal plate 11 made of a metal with good thermal conductivity, such as copper or glass. The glass panel 11 is equipped with channels 12 through which the cooling water flows. The cooling water is supplied through the supply line 13 and is removed through the line 14. A layer 15 of a material with a thermal resistance preferably between Ο,ΙχΙΟ' 3 and 0.25xl0' 3 m 2 x K x is provided on the surface for pressing the metal plate. W 4 , that is, good properties in terms of thermal conductivity and at the same time a certain ability to be elastically deformed. This layer 15 has the task of ensuring optimal contact of the entire surface with the glass. It preferably has a thickness of around 1 to 2 mm and can be e.g. the basics of flaky graphite. Such material is e.g. sold commercially under the brand name SIGRAFLEX. A thin metal sheet 16 is placed on the elastic layer 15, the edge areas 17 of which are attached to the peripheral sides of the metal plate 11. The metal sheet 16 forms a mechanical protection layer for the elastic layer 15 and ensures the fixing of this elastic layer 15 on the metal plate 11. Metal sheet 16 is made as a canvas with very fine loops, which in the direction perpendicular to its surface extension must have a low resistance to heat conduction between 0.25.10' 3 and 5.10 3 m 2 kW 4 , and whose thickness is preferably between 0 ,1 and 0.3 mm. The metal screen 16 can be e.g. made of iron-chromium-nickel alloy fibers or some other chromium-nickel alloy with high heat resistance. The metal plate 11 is attached in a suitable manner to the support 18.
Zgornja plošča 2 za ohlajanje in stiskanje je sestavljena iz kovinskega ohišja 21, ki je tesno zaprto na svojem spodnjem delu s fleksibilno membrano in napolnjeno s tekočino za ohlajanje, kot je je voda. Voda se uvaja pod tlakom, ki se naravnava, in s hitrostjo pretakanja, ki se naravnava, po dovodnem vodu 23 v ohišje 21 in izstopa iz ohišja 21 po vodu 24. Priprava za uravnavanje, ki tukaj ni predstavljena, zagotavlja, da se notranji tlak, ki je potreben v ohišju 21, ki je npr. reda velikosti 5 barov, je vzpostavljen le, ko je stiskalnica sklenjena, to se pravi ko je fleksibilna membrana 22 pritisnjena ob steklo 30. Fleksibilna membrana 22 mora imeti majhen upor za prevajanje toplote, katerega natančna vrednost zavisi od debeline stekla, ki ga je treba kaliti. Za debelino stekla 3 mm, npr., mora biti upornost fleksibilne membrane za prevajanje toplote nižja od l,6.10'3 m2K.W4. Razen tega snov, ki sestavlja fleksibilno membrano, mora imeti dobro toplotno prevodnost, tako kot dobro odpornost na toploto. Zgradba iz plasti, ki je sestavljena iz kožice 25 debeline 0,1 do 0,2 mm debeline iz politetrafluoroetilena, ki je na svoji zunanji strani prekrista s kovinskim platnom 26, se je izkazala kot zadovoljiva. Kovinsko platno 26 je iz istega drobnega kovinskega platna debeline 0,1 do 0,3 mm, ki služi prekrivanju elastične plasti 15 v spodnjem stiskalnem kalupu 1. Robna področja 27 kožice 25 in kovinskega platna 26 so stransko pritrjena na kovinsko ohišje 21. Kovinsko ohišje 21 je pritrjeno na podporo 28. Podpori 18 in 28 tvorita del stiskalnice, ki kot takšna ni predstavljena.The upper cooling and pressing plate 2 consists of a metal casing 21 which is tightly sealed at its lower part by a flexible membrane and filled with a cooling liquid such as water. Water is introduced under an adjustable pressure and at an adjustable flow rate through the supply line 23 into the housing 21 and exits the housing 21 through the line 24. A regulating device, not shown here, ensures that the internal pressure , which is needed in the housing 21, which is, for example, of the order of 5 bars, is established only when the press is closed, i.e. when the flexible membrane 22 is pressed against the glass 30. The flexible membrane 22 must have a small heat conduction resistance, the exact value of which depends on the thickness of the glass to be to germinate. For a glass thickness of 3 mm, for example, the resistance of the flexible membrane for heat conduction must be lower than l.6.10' 3 m 2 KW 4 . In addition, the material that makes up the flexible membrane must have good thermal conductivity as well as good heat resistance. A layered construction consisting of a skin 25 of 0.1 to 0.2 mm thickness of polytetrafluoroethylene covered on its outer side with a metal sheet 26 has proven to be satisfactory. The metal sheet 26 is made of the same fine metal sheet with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, which serves to cover the elastic layer 15 in the lower press mold 1. The edge areas 27 of the skin 25 and the metal sheet 26 are laterally attached to the metal housing 21. The metal housing 21 is attached to the support 28. The supports 18 and 28 form part of the press, which is not represented as such.
Pihalne rampe 32 so nameščene okrog stekla v vmesnem prostoru med obema ploščama za ohlajanje in stiskanje. Te rampe 32 tvorijo tako kontinuiran okvir okrog stekla in so nameščene na togi plošči 1 vzdolž oboda te plošče. Okvir je izveden iz nastavka za šobe iz primerne kovine, npr. iz jekla, kije odporno na korozijo, in ima višino H, ki ustreza debelini stekla 30. Širina B rampe 32 v bistvu ni pomembna; mora pa biti izbrana tako, da je razdalja A med notranjo površino 33 rampe, na kateri se nahajajo ustja odprtin 34 in periferno površino 35 stekla 30 okoli 2 do 6-krat premer odprtin 34. Odprtine 34 so povezane s cevmi 36 na razdelilni vod 37, kije povezan preko vodov, ki niso predstavljeni, na ventilator primerne moči, ki dovaja potreben zrak za hlajenje obodne površine stekla. Odprtine 34 so npr. razmaknjene za 10 do 25 mm druga od druge in predstavljajo premer vsaj 1 mm in manjši od debeline stekla 30.Blow ramps 32 are placed around the glass in the intermediate space between the two cooling and pressing plates. These ramps 32 thus form a continuous frame around the glass and are placed on the rigid plate 1 along the perimeter of this plate. The frame is made of a nozzle attachment made of a suitable metal, e.g. made of corrosion-resistant steel and having a height H corresponding to the thickness of the glass 30. The width B of the ramp 32 is essentially irrelevant; however, it must be chosen so that the distance A between the inner surface 33 of the ramp, on which the mouths of the openings 34 are located, and the peripheral surface 35 of the glass 30 is about 2 to 6 times the diameter of the openings 34. The openings 34 are connected with pipes 36 to the distribution line 37 , which is connected via lines, which are not shown, to a fan of suitable power, which supplies the necessary air for cooling the peripheral surface of the glass. Openings 34 are e.g. spaced 10 to 25 mm apart and representing a diameter of at least 1 mm and less than the thickness of the glass 30.
Med dvema sosednjima odprtinama 34 se vsakič nahaja luknja 40 večjega prereza, ki se razteza vzporedno z odprtinami in ki služi kot odprtina za sesanje pihalnega zraka. Prečen prerez odprtine za sesanje znaša okoli 4-kratni prerez odprtine 34; ker je debelina rampe 32 enaka debelini stekla 30, so sesalne luknje, če je potrebno, v obliki podolgovatih špranj.Between two adjacent openings 34, there is always a hole 40 of a larger cross-section, which extends parallel to the openings and which serves as an opening for suction of blowing air. The cross-section of the suction opening is about 4 times the cross-section of the opening 34; since the thickness of the ramp 32 is equal to the thickness of the glass 30, the suction holes are, if necessary, in the form of elongated slits.
V primeru izvedbenega primera, ki je predstavljen nasl. 2 in 3, so dimenzije ohišja 21 zgornje plošče izbrane tako, da naj bo prečen prerez prazne notranjosti ohišja 21 napolnjen z vodo za ohlajanje večji od površine stekla 30, tako da se fleksibilna membrana 22 razteza na ta način prav do periferne površine 35. V mejah razdalje A med obodno površino stekla 30 in notranjo površino 33 okvira 32 fleksibilna membrana 22 ni podpirana. V tem izvedbenem primeru je torej potrebno, da ima razdalja A vrednost, ki se nahaja blizu spodnje meje področja po izumu. Sicer je fleksibilna membrana bolj izpostavljena nevarnosti, da je podvržena previsoki mehanski obremenitvi pod tlakom tekočine za ohlajanje.In the case of the implementation case, which is presented on 2 and 3, the dimensions of the housing 21 of the upper plate are selected so that the cross-section of the empty interior of the housing 21 filled with cooling water is larger than the surface of the glass 30, so that the flexible membrane 22 extends in this way right up to the peripheral surface 35. within the limits of the distance A between the peripheral surface of the glass 30 and the inner surface 33 of the frame 32, the flexible membrane 22 is not supported. In this embodiment, it is therefore necessary that the distance A has a value located close to the lower limit of the area according to the invention. Otherwise, the flexible membrane is more exposed to the risk of being subjected to excessive mechanical stress under the pressure of the cooling liquid.
Da bi se izognili takšnemu mehanskemu izzivanju fleksibilne membrane, se lahko izbere izvedbeni primer tako, kot je predstavljen na sl. 4. V primeru dimenzije ohišja, ki tvori zgornjo stiskalno ploščo, izbrane tako, da je notranji premer ohišja manjši od ustreznih dimenzij stekla 30 po površini, tako da se stranske stene 29 opirajo na steklo 30. V področju, ki je napajano z vodo pod tlakom, je fleksibilna membrana podprta po vsej svoji ploskvi s steklom 30. V tem izvedbenem primeru prav tako tako učinek ohlajanja, ki je dosežen z ohlajanjem z dotikom in s hkratnim ohlajanjem z zrakom, zadošča v neposrednem robnem področju stekla zato, da se izvede zadovoljivo hlajenje v obodnem področju 35 in v priležnih robnih področjih.In order to avoid such a mechanical challenge to the flexible membrane, an embodiment can be chosen as shown in fig. 4. In the case of the dimensions of the housing forming the upper pressing plate, chosen so that the internal diameter of the housing is smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the glass 30 in surface, so that the side walls 29 rest on the glass 30. In the area supplied with water under pressure, the flexible membrane is supported over its entire surface by glass 30. In this embodiment, likewise, the cooling effect achieved by contact cooling and simultaneous air cooling is sufficient in the immediate edge area of the glass to satisfactorily perform cooling in the peripheral area 35 and in adjacent edge areas.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8908311A FR2648807B1 (en) | 1989-06-22 | 1989-06-22 | |
| YU115290A YU47149B (en) | 1989-06-22 | 1990-06-13 | APPARATUS FOR TEMPERATURE GLASS WITH TOUCH |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SI9011152A true SI9011152A (en) | 1997-06-30 |
Family
ID=26227418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9011152A SI9011152A (en) | 1989-06-22 | 1990-06-13 | Device for glass hardening by contact |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| HR (1) | HRP940863B1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9011152A (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-06-13 SI SI9011152A patent/SI9011152A/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-10-28 HR HRP-1152/90 patent/HRP940863B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HRP940863A2 (en) | 1997-02-28 |
| HRP940863B1 (en) | 1998-12-31 |
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