SI8711223A8 - Process for making foamy insulating material - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of foam insulation material

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is in the field of insulating materials or. polymer chemistry and relates to a process for the preparation of a new foamed thermal insulation material based on expanded polystyrene and polyurethane.

A technical problem

The technical problem that is solved by the present invention is the following:

Polyurethane is expensive as a thermal insulation material, so it is a combination with foamed polystyrene, and the properties of the polyurethane do not change. The production cycles are shorter than those of polyurethane itself, because a good part of the reaction heat that is released is consumed for the expansion of polystyrene and, therefore, faster decomposition of the product. The water absorption rate is lower than that of polyurethane itself because foamed polystyrene has a closed cell structure and polyurethane has about 7% open cells. In addition, the invention also solves the ecological problem of ozone layer degradation into

-λ - atmosphere, because e.g. for mixed ju-p © iiurefanain'p-olistirene 50:50 reduces the use of freon, one of the main ozone depleters, by 50%.

The state of the art

There are no known solutions to the applicant.

Methods for the manufacture of polyurethane thermosetting materials (hard foams) are known, in which additives such as chalk, titanium dioxide, glass fibers, etc., are added to the polyurethane, which partially reduce the polyurethane, but which significantly impair its physical and mechanical properties.

Description of solution to a technical problem with implementation examples

The technical problem is solved by a process of the aforementioned type, using polystyrene as an additive and utilizing the reaction heat in the formation of foam in the manufacture of this material.

It is carried out by mixing in one polyurethane component for a rigid polyurethane foam having a density of 35 to 80 kg / m ³ , which is either polyol or isocyanate, or in both, polystyrene for expansion with a granulation of 0.4 to 2.3 mm is mixed into up to 70% by weight of the total weight of the final product, wherein the polystyrene is impregnated with a foaming agent in an amount of 5 to 8%, optionally adding another polyurethane component, homogenizing it by mixing, pouring it into the desired shape and allowing foam to form.

We work in the presence of a foaming agent, eg freon (freon 11). An amine-based catalyst is added to the polyol. We work in the presence of a foam cell size regulator, e.g. silicone oil.

Polystyrene is impregnated with a foaming agent, eg pentane.

The pentane content of commercial polystyrene of this type is 5 to 8%.

All raw materials are commercially available.

- 3 The average volume of new material is 35 to 50 kg / m ³ (depending on market needs). The density of polystyrene in polyurethane can be regulated by the amount of catalyst added with the Dremer of polystyrene beads, the type of polystyrene (polystyrenes with different molecular weights and thus different softening temperatures), the amount of pentane and the percentage of polystyrene in polyurethane.

To achieve the desired shape, we pour the mass into a mold in which polyurethane foam begins to form after a certain time. The start of foam formation is about 20 to 30 seconds after all components are mixed. At the same time, the reaction heat of the polyurethane, i.e. at about 120 to 160 ° C, the polystyrene in polyurethane is uniformly distributed. The resulting foam solidifies for about 4 minutes.

Thus, a new thermal insulation material is obtained, which, as mentioned, is a combination of polyurethane foam and expanded polystyrene.

The properties of the new product are: thermal conductivity 0.026 W / mK volume mass about 40 kg / m ³ compressive strength at 10% deformation 0.16-2.0 N / mm ² flexural strength about 0.3 ^ N / mm ²

With the same volume and different proportions of polystyrene and polyurethane, there are no major differences in the mechanical properties of the finished product.

A new material which, despite the addition of polystyrene, retains good physical properties, is useful e.g. _in construction for a wide variety of thermal insulations.

The invention is explained in more detail with the following embodiment.

EXAMPLE

Raw materials:

polyol: Baytherm A / 135 (Bayer) isocyanate: Desmodur (Bayer) polystyrene: Okirol E 4 S ”(OKI Zagreb)

Component Ratio:

polyol: 100 wt. isocyanate parts: 104 wt. parts polystyrene: 100 wt. parts

Polystyrene granules of 0.3 to 2 mm are mixed into the polyol or isocyanate (or both). Polyol and isocyanate are then mixed. After a period of time, polyurethane foam (15 to 30 s) is formed. This releases heat (exothermic reaction) in the polyurethane foam, the temperature being between 110 and 160 ° C depending on the amount of catalyst (aliphatic amines) mixed in the polyol and the thickness of the polyurethane foam. Under the influence of this heat, polystyrene is expanded to produce a combination of two foam insulating materials.

The polyurethane foam is expanded with the help of freon as a baking agent. Bubbles (cells) are formed, the size of which is regulated by the addition of silicone oil. Freon and silicone oil are mixed in the polyol.

- 5 Similar results are obtained by using any known mixture of polyurethane components which produces a hard foam having a density of 35 to 80 kg / m ³ .

Claims (2)

PATENT APPLICATION A process for the manufacture of a foam insulation material, characterized in that a polyurethane foam component with a density of 35 to 80 kg / m ³ , which is either a polyol or isocyanate, is mixed into one or a polystyrene for expansion by granulation from 0.4 to 2.3 mm in an amount of up to 70% by weight of the final product, wherein the polystyrene is impregnated with a foaming agent in an amount of 5 to 8%, if necessary, add another polyurethane component, homogenize by stirring, pour into the desired shape and allow foam to form. The method of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent with which the polystyrene is impregnated is pentane.