SI24905A - Method and device for optimization for work processes - Google Patents
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Abstract
Naprava in metoda za optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega postopke prepoznavanja značilnosti objektov oziroma strojnega vida z namenom identifikacije in sledenja definiranih točk opazovanja s ciljem izdelave baze podatkov za analizo v okviru identifikacije napak in pomanjkljivosti (3). Kot sledi, naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega oddajnik IR svetlobe in kamero oziroma sprejemnik IR svetlobe, ki na podlagi odbite IR svetlobe in odčitavanja množice točk v kadru resolucije videoposnetka po principu globinskega zaznavanja oziroma skeniranja okolice znotraj območja kadra tudi v slabših svetlobnih razmerah generira natančno globinsko oziroma trirazsežno sliko opazovanega prostora in hkrati omogoča avtomatizirano identifikacijo ter sledenje prepoznanih točk opazovanja v trirazsežnem prostoru.The device and the method for optimizing work processes include procedures for recognizing the characteristics of objects or machine vision for the purpose of identifying and tracking defined observation points with the goal of producing a database for analysis within the framework of the identification of errors and deficiencies (3). As follows, the device for the design and optimization of work processes comprises an IR light transmitter and a camera or IR receiver, which, based on the deduction of IR light and reading a plurality of points in the resolution frame of the video, according to the principle of depth detection or scanning of the surroundings within the frame, also under worse lighting conditions generates a precise depth or three-dimensional image of the observed space, and at the same time enables automated identification and tracking of identified observation points in a three-dimensional space.
Description
Predmet te patentne prijave se nanaša na področje metod in naprav za načrtovanje oziroma optimizacijo delovnih procesov, posebej tistih, ki vključujejo človeško delovno silo.The subject of this patent application relates to the field of methods and devices for designing or optimizing work processes, especially those involving the human workforce.
Prikaz problemaView the problem
Učinkovitost načrtovanja delovnih procesov oziroma izvajanja metode optimizacije je neposredno odvisna od zanesljivosti vhodnih parametrov oziroma podatkov, pri čemer ima izvajalec opazovane delovne operacije v procesu zajemanja podatkov neposredni vpliv na zajem in verodostojnost vhodnih parametrov optimizacije.The efficiency of the workflow planning or implementation of the optimization method depends directly on the reliability of the input parameters or data, with the operator of the observed work operations in the data capture process having a direct impact on the capture and credibility of the input optimization parameters.
Tehnični problem, ki ga obravnava in rešuje predmet te patentne prijave je pomanjkanje metode in naprave za učinkovito optimizacijo delovnih procesov znotraj opazovanega sistema, ki v procesu snemanja obstoječega stanja čez daljše časovno obdobje eliminira zavedni vpliv izvajalca delovnega procesa na zajem vhodnih podatkov.A technical problem addressed and resolved by the subject of this patent application is the lack of a method and device for efficient optimization of work processes within the observed system, which eliminates the conscious influence of the work process performer on the capture of input data in the process of recording the existing state over a long period of time.
Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art
Mednarodni register intelektualne lastnine obsega večje število relevantnih tehnik oziroma metod za načrtovanje, obvladovanje in optimizacijo proizvodno-poslovnih procesov, pri čemer stanje tehnike najbolje opisujeta rešitvi po patentih US6473720 in VV02007047461. Ključna pomanjkljivost širše uporabljene metode po patentu US6473720 (General Electric Company Inc.), bolje poznane kot 6 sigma, se kaže predvsem v statističnem pristopu, ki v procesu statistične analize podatkov za namen optimizacije proizvodno-poslovnih sistemov ne upošteva neposrednega vpliva oziroma prispevka izvajalca v smislu natančnosti izvajanja opazovane operacije oziroma delovne naloge, ampak zgolj predvideva interno sprožen inThe International Intellectual Property Registry comprises a large number of relevant techniques or methods for the design, control and optimization of production and business processes, the state of the art being best described by the solutions of US Patents US6473720 and VV02007047461. A key disadvantage of the commonly used method according to US6473720 (General Electric Company Inc.), better known as 6 sigma, is reflected primarily in the statistical approach, which does not take into account the direct influence or contribution of the contractor in the process of statistical data analysis for the purpose of optimizing production and business systems. in terms of the accuracy of performing the observed operation or task, but merely assumes internally initiated and
voden sistematični pristop k načrtovanju statističnih parametrov optimizacije delovnih procesov.guided systematic approach to the design of statistical parameters of workflow optimization.
Drugo navedena rešitev po patentu W02007047461 (Microsoft Corporation Inc.) obravnava tehnologijo globinskega zaznavanja video slike oziroma videosignala, pri čemer metoda ne predvideva simultanega zajema in analize videosignala za namene optimizacije enega ali več sosledno obravnavanih delovnih nalog v okviru proizvodno-storitvenega procesa.The second patent solution W02007047461 (Microsoft Corporation Inc.) deals with video image or video signal in-depth detection technology, wherein the method does not provide for simultaneous capture and analysis of video signal for the purpose of optimizing one or more sequentially discussed jobs within the production and service process.
Opis nove rešitveDescription of the new solution
Metoda in naprava za optimizacijo delovnih procesov prednostno ni namenjena za normiranje posameznega delovnega mesta, ampak za identifikacijo in odpravo napak ter pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa s ciljem oblikovanja ukrepov, ki bodo v prihodnje preprečili ponavljanje zaznanih napak in izboljšali učinkovitost celotnega proizvodno-poslovnega procesa. Kljub temu, da je metoda in naprava namenjena optimizaciji tako enostavnih kot tudi in kompleksnejših delovnih nalog in procesov, je za lažje razumevanje oziroma poenoteno zapisovanje v nadaljevanju te patentne prijave načelno uporabljen termin delovni proces, ki se nanaša na vse, tako enostavne delovne naloge, kot tudi na kompleksne delovne procese v okviru posameznega delovnega mesta, delovne skupine ali širšega proizvodnega procesa.The method and device for optimization of work processes is not intended primarily for the standardization of a particular workplace, but for the identification and elimination of errors and shortcomings of the observed work process in order to design measures that will in the future prevent the recurrence of detected errors and improve the efficiency of the entire production and business process. Although the method and the device are intended to optimize both simple and complex work tasks and processes, the term workflow is generally used to make it easier to understand or unify the following in this patent application, which refers to all such simple work tasks, as well as complex workflows within a single workplace, workgroup, or broader production process.
V prednostni izvedbi metoda po izumu obsega pet etap oziroma prvin, ki obsegajo izbor delovnega procesa, načrtovanje točk opazovanja znotraj izbranega delovnega procesa, snemanje posameznega izbranega delovnega procesa v izbranem časovnem okvirju, izdelavo posnetka oziroma analizo stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa, oblikovanje ukrepov akcijskega načrta za odpravo zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti, ter ekonomsko vrednotenje in nadzor nad ekonomskimi učinki izvedene optimizacije.In a preferred embodiment, the method of the invention comprises five steps or elements comprising the selection of a work process, the design of observation points within the selected work process, the recording of each selected work process in the chosen time frame, the recording or analysis of the observed work process, the design of action plans for elimination of detected errors and deficiencies, and economic evaluation and control over the economic effects of optimization performed.
Slika 1 prikazuje diagram poteka metode za optimizacijo delovnih procesov. Na sliki so prikazani in s črtkano črto označeni bloki oziroma segmenti metode, z obsegom aktivnosti po korakih, kot sledi: priprava izvedbenega načrta 1, posnetek stanja 2, identifikacija napak in pomanjkljivosti 3, izdelava akcijskega načrta 4 in ekonomsko vrednotenje učinkov 5.Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a method for optimizing workflows. The figure shows and denotes the blocks or segments of the method, with a range of activity steps, as follows: preparation of implementation plan 1, snapshot of status 2, identification of faults and deficiencies 3, development of action plan 4 and economic evaluation of effects 5.
V okviru priprave izvedbenega načrta 1 metode po izumu izvajalec optimizacije pridobi soglasje vseh deležnikov in vodstva proizvodno-poslovnega sistema, kateri v skladu z zakonodajo oblikujejo nabor in obseg delovnih mest oziroma delovnih procesov za izvedbo optimizacije. V najpreprostejši obliki proizvodno-poslovni sistem obsega vsaj eno delovno mesto v smislu osnovne organizacijske enote, ki je namenjena izvajanju vsaj ene delovne naloge oziroma delovnega procesa. Vsaka delovna naloga se začne z vstopom predmeta oziroma objekta v proces izvedbe delovne naloge ali kompleksnejšega delovnega procesa, sestavljenega iz ene ali več delovnih nalog, ki se zaključijo v obliki izhodnega produkta, to je polizdelka, izdelka ali storitve. V kompleksnejših proizvodno-poslovnih sistemih proces • v .In the preparation of the implementation plan 1 of the method according to the invention, the optimization contractor obtains the consent of all stakeholders and the management of the production and business system, which in accordance with the law formulate a set and scope of jobs or work processes for the implementation of the optimization. In its simplest form, the production-business system comprises at least one workplace in terms of a basic organizational unit that is intended to carry out at least one work task or work process. Each work assignment begins with the entry of an object or object into the process of carrying out a work task or a more complex work process, consisting of one or more work tasks that are completed in the form of an initial product, that is, a semi-finished product, product or service. In more complex production-business systems the process • v.
izdelave produkta obsega več samostojnih oziroma neodvisnih in/ali več med seboj povezanih oziroma posledično odvisnih delovnih mest ali delovnih skupin, ki so med seboj povezane z namenom izvajanja podrejenih delovnih nalog. Iz zapisanega sledi, da je predmet ciljno usmerjene optimizacije z metodo po izumu lahko zgolj ena posamezna delovna naloga, ali nasprotno, več posameznih ali med seboj povezanih delovnih nalog v okviru kompleksnejšega proizvodnega procesa hkrati.the production of a product involves several independent or independent and / or more interconnected or consequently dependent jobs or working groups that are interconnected for the purpose of performing subordinate tasks. It follows from the written record that the object of goal-oriented optimization by the method of the invention can be only one single work task, or, conversely, several individual or interconnected work tasks within a more complex production process at a time.
Priprava izvedbenega načrta 1 za izvedbo optimizacije opazovanega delovnega procesa poleg določitve obsega in nabora delovnih nalog obsega nabor načrtno opazovanih točk ali objektov v smislu definiranja značilnosti, kriterijev oziroma meril za oblikovanje in spremljanje spremenljivk vhodnih parametrov optimizacije. Točke opazovanja v funkciji spremenljivk vhodnih parametrov optimizacije predstavljajo posamezne faze opazovanega delovnega procesa, kjer recimo na podlagi spremljanja človeških udov oziroma delov skeleta, delov stroja, segmentov izdelka oziroma polizdelka ipd., metoda v okviru izdelave posnetka stanja delovnega procesa znotraj določenega časovnega obdobja obsega evidentiranje oziroma zapis informacij o poteku in času izvedbe posamezne točke opazovanja oziroma faze delovnega procesa.Preparation of the implementation plan 1 for performing optimization of the observed work process, in addition to determining the scope and set of work tasks, includes a set of planned observed points or objects in terms of defining characteristics, criteria or criteria for designing and monitoring the variables of the input optimization parameters. Observation points in the function of the input parameters of optimization parameters represent the individual stages of the observed work process, for example, based on monitoring human limbs or parts of a machine, parts of a product or semi-finished product, etc., a method within which to capture a snapshot of a work process state within a certain time period or record information on the progress and timing of each observation point or work process phase.
V procesu načrtovanja oziroma priprave izvedbenega načrta 1 metoda predvideva oblikovanje in nabor izhodiščnih točk opazovanja za izvedbo vzorčnega posnetka stanja, pri čemer se izhodiščni nabor točk opazovanja oblikuje na podlagi informacij in izkušenj izvajalcev opazovanega delovnega procesa ali na podlagi poznavanja problematike izvajalca metode. Naboru točk opazovanja sledi izvedba vzorčnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa, ki služi predvsem za seznanitev izvajalca s problematiko obravnavanega delovnega procesa in za preverjanje ustreznosti v izhodišču predvidenih točk opazovanja. Snemanje oziroma izdelava posnetka stanja v okviru izvajanja metode po izumu se lahko izvede z različnimi pristopi, kjer v osnovnem izvedbenem primeru vzorčni posnetek stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa izdela izvajalec metode v prvi osebi, ki v fizični prisotnosti na podlagi opazovanja poteka delovnega procesa in evidentiranja točk opazovanja ter izvajanja meritev oblikuje oziroma izdela bazo podatkov za preliminarno analizo, ki predvsem potrdi ali zavrne ustreznost načrtovanih točk opazovanja.In the process of planning or preparing the implementation plan 1, the method involves the design and selection of baseline observation points to perform a sample snapshot of the situation, whereby the baseline set of observation points is formed on the basis of information and experience of the contractors of the observed work process or on the basis of knowledge of the method provider. The set of observation points is followed by the implementation of a sample snapshot of the status of the observed work process, which serves primarily to familiarize the contractor with the problems of the work process under consideration and to check the adequacy of the starting points of the intended observation points. The recording or production of a state snapshot within the implementation of the method according to the invention can be carried out with different approaches, where in the basic embodiment, a sample snapshot of the observed work process is made by a first-person method performer who, in the physical presence, observes the work process and records the observation points and performs measurements or creates a database for preliminary analysis, which in particular confirms or denies the adequacy of the planned observation points.
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Opredelitev točk opazovanja oziroma spremenljivk vhodnih parametrov optimizacije je ena izmed ključnih prvin izvedbe metode optimizacije, zaradi česar se v proces načrtovanja točk opazovanja vključi vse relevantne deležnike v okviru posamezne ali odvisne delovne operacije, ki predlagajo začetni nabor točk opazovanja za izdelavo vzorčnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa. Posamezni delovni proces oziroma operacija obsega vsaj eno fazo oziroma korak za izvedbo delovne naloge, zaradi česar so točke opazovanja prednostno ovrednotene s parametrom časa, ki je potreben za izvedbo določene opazovane faze v okviru procesa izvedbe posamezne delovne naloge. V osnovnem izvedbenem primeru nabor in opredelitev točk opazovanja temelji na iskanju tistih značilnosti opazovane delovne naloge, ki z vidika ekonomsko ovrednotenih izgub v procesu predstavljajo največji potencial za bodoče prihranke. Pomembno je izpostaviti, da metoda ne išče rezerv na račun večjih obremenitev izvajalcev opazovane delovne naloge, ampak potencial za eliminacijo neželenih izgub in izboljšavo ne-optimalnih aktivnosti. Sledenje in opazovanje opredeljene in definirane točke opazovanja je v naprednejši izvedbi metode lahko nadgrajeno z izvedbo prostorske meritve poteka, natančnosti in ustreznosti izvedbe posamezne faze delovne naloge, ki v smislu evidentiranja ponovljivosti posamezne faze oziroma točke opazovanja spremlja in opredeljuje uspešnost izvajanja opazovane delovne naloge oziroma procesa.Determination of observation points or variables of input optimization parameters is one of the key elements of optimization method implementation, which enables all relevant stakeholders to be included in the process of designing observation points in the framework of a single or dependent work operation, proposing an initial set of observation points for making a sample snapshot of the observed work condition. process. An individual work process or operation comprises at least one stage or step for performing a work task, which makes the observation points prioritized by the time parameter that is required to perform a particular observed phase in the process of performing a particular work task. In the basic implementation case, the selection and definition of observation points is based on the search for those characteristics of the observed work task that, from the point of view of economically evaluated process losses, represent the greatest potential for future savings. It is important to emphasize that the method does not look for reserves at the expense of greater workloads of the performers of the observed work task, but the potential to eliminate unwanted losses and improve non-optimal activities. Tracking and observing a defined and defined observation point can be further enhanced in the advanced implementation of the method by performing a spatial measurement of the progress, accuracy and appropriateness of the execution of each phase of a work task, which in terms of recording the repeatability of each phase or point of observation monitors and determines the performance of the observed work task or process .
Zaradi subjektivnega vpliva deležnikov oziroma izvajalcev opazovanega delovnega procesa, ki lahko prikrije izvor pravih napak v opazovanem delovnem procesu oziroma ustreznost izbranih točk opazovanja, metoda po izumu obsega dvostopenjski posnetek opazovanega delovnega procesa, ki že v okviru kratkotrajnega vzorčnega posnetka stanja preveri ustreznost v izhodišču določenih točk opazovanja, kasneje v okviru izvedbe detajlnega posnetka stanja pa dejansko pridobi oziroma generira prednostno obširnejšo bazo podatkov, na podlagi katere se oblikujejo ukrepi za izvedbo optimizacije. Razume se, da v kolikor se v procesu preliminarne analize baze podatkov o vzorčnem posnetku stanja ugotovijo razhajanja in odmiki od ugotovljenih dejanskih točk opazovanja oziroma interesa, se za izvedbo detajlnega posnetka obseg in vsebina točk opazovanja za izvedbo detajlnega posnetka iterativno in podrejeno prilagodi parcialnim ali skupnim ciljem optimizacije opazovanega delovnega procesa.Due to the subjective influence of the stakeholders or performers of the observed work process, which may mask the origin of the true errors in the observed work process or the adequacy of the selected observation points, the method according to the invention comprises a two-stage recording of the observed work process, which already within the short-term sample snapshot checks the adequacy at the starting point of certain points observations, and later, as part of a detailed snapshot of the situation, actually acquires or generates, as a matter of priority, a larger database, on the basis of which optimization measures are designed. It is understood that, in the process of preliminary analysis of a sample snapshot database, discrepancies and deviations from the identified actual observation points or interests are identified, the scope and contents of the observation points for the detailed snapshot implementation should be iteratively and subordinated to partial or joint to optimize the observed workflow.
Ne glede ne tip izvedbe posnetka, se snemanje stanja opazovanega delovnega mesta ali širše opazovanega kompleksnejšega proizvodno-poslovnega sistema začne in konča z začetno in <· ·Regardless of the type of shot taken, recording the state of the observed workplace or the more widely observed more complex production-business system begins and ends with an initial and <· ·
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končno sekvenco, znotraj prednostno neprekinjenega časovnega obdobja. Za izdelavo vzorčnega posnetka stanja v osnovnem izvedbenem primeru izvajalec metode v prvi osebi na podlagi opazovanja in izvajanja meritev ročno oblikuje zapise in ugotovitve oziroma izdela bazo podatkov o poteku načrtovanih točk opazovanja, ki jih opiše, zapiše in spremlja v okviru izdelave baze podatkov po vnaprej ali naknadno določenih kriterijih oziroma vhodnih parametrih optimizacije. Bistvena prednost subjektivnega pristopa se kaže v tem, da lahko izvajalec metode v procesu izdelave vzorčnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa prvotni nabor vhodnih parametrov optimizacije oziroma točke opazovanja sproti prilagodi aktualnim ugotovitvam, zato je prvoosebni pristop primeren predvsem za izdelavo vzorčnega posnetka, kjer lahko izvajalec metode za izvedbo detajlnega posnetka stanja doda, odstrani ali modificira prvotno načrtovane točke opazovanja. Razume se, da čas opazovanja oziroma snemanja vzorčnega posnetka točk opazovanja mora zadostiti kriterijem statistične obdelave podatkov, zaradi česar vzorčni posnetek stanja obsega časovno obdobje, ki prednostno zaobseže vse faze opazovanega delovnega procesa v želenem oziroma zahtevanem številu ponovitev.a finite sequence, within a preferably continuous period of time. In order to make a sample snapshot of the situation in the basic embodiment, the first-person method performer, on the basis of observation and measurement, manually creates records and findings, or creates a database on the course of planned observation points, which he describes, records and monitors in the framework of the database creation in advance or subsequently defined criteria or input optimization parameters. The essential advantage of the subjective approach is that the method performer in the process of making a sample snapshot of the observed work process can adjust the original set of input optimization parameters or observation points to current findings, so the first-person approach is particularly suitable for making a sample snapshot, where the method performer Adds, removes, or modifies originally scheduled observation points to perform a detailed snapshot of the status. It is understood that the time of observation or recording of a sample snapshot of observation points must satisfy the criteria of statistical data processing, which is why the sample snapshot of a condition covers a time period that preferentially covers all phases of the observed work process in the desired or required number of repetitions.
Opredeljenemu naboru in obsegu točk opazovanja sledi izdelava detajlnega posnetka stanja, ki se podobno kot vzorčni posnetek stanja začne in konča z začetno in končno sekvenco, znotraj katere poteka sledenje izbranim oziroma načrtovanim točkam opazovanja v vsaj enem kadru. Za oblikovanje končnih sklepov in ukrepov optimizacije je baza podatkov o točkah opazovanja ključnega pomena, zaradi česar metoda v prednostni izvedbi obsega napravo za izvedbo vzorčnega oziroma predvsem za izvedbo detajlnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa, ki v načeloma daljšem časovnem obdobju opazovanja v odsotnosti izvajalca metode minimizira vpliv izvajalca delovne naloge na zajem podatkov.The defined set and range of observation points is followed by the production of a detailed status snapshot, which, similar to the sample snapshot of the situation, begins and ends with the initial and final sequence within which the selected or planned observation points are tracked in at least one frame. In order to formulate final decisions and optimization measures, a database of observation points is crucial, which makes the method in the preferred embodiment a device for performing a sample or, in particular, for performing a detailed snapshot of the observed work process, which minimizes in principle the absence of the method contractor in the longer observation period. the influence of the contractor on the data capture.
Naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov v prednostni izvedbi obsega strojno opremo, ki prednostno obsega vsaj eno videokamero za zajem in shranjevanje video slike oziroma video signala, ter medij in računalnik, na katerem se izvaja programska koda za zajem podatkov digitalnega video signala, analizo sledenja točk opazovanja, statistično analizo ter optimizacijo in načrtovanje delovnih procesov s ciljem izboljševanja učinkovitosti poslovanja. Posamezna videokamera je v okviru izdelave posnetka stanja 2 v odvisnosti od nabora načrtovanih točk opazovanja namenjena bodisi snemanju posamezne delovne operacije oziroma posameznega delovnega mesta v izbranem kadru ali snemanju širše • · · · • · · · ” zastavljene delovne skupine, pri čemer naprava po izumu za snemanje kompleksnejših delovnih procesov prednostno obsega več videokamer za snemanje posameznega delovnega mesta iz različnih zornih kotov. Podobno, metoda po izumu predvideva uporabo več kamer za zajem posnetka stanja v okviru več soodvisnih delovnih procesov, kjer na podlagi sledenja točk opazovanja baza podatkov izkazuje tok dogodkov oziroma potek faz opazovanih delovnih procesov.The device for designing and optimizing work processes in a preferred embodiment comprises hardware, which preferably comprises at least one video camera for capturing and storing video image or video signal, as well as a medium and a computer running a software code for capturing digital video signal data, tracking analysis observation points, statistical analysis, and optimization and planning of work processes with the aim of improving business efficiency. An individual video camera, in the context of making a snapshot of state 2, depending on the set of planned observation points, is intended to either record an individual work operation or a single post in the selected frame or record a wider work group, the device according to the invention to record more complex workflows, it preferably includes multiple camcorders to record a single job from different angles. Similarly, the method of the invention provides for the use of multiple cameras to capture a state-of-the-art snapshot within multiple interdependent workflows, where, based on the tracking of observation points, the database displays the course of events or the course of the observed workflows.
V prednostnem izvedbenem primeru naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov v okviru izvedbe posnetka stanja 2 obsega videokamero z vsaj enim digitalnim senzorjem za zajem vsaj vidnega spektra svetlobe v območju kadra opazovanega delovnega procesa, pri čemer posamezna videokamera zajeto sliko v obliki digitalnega zapisa video signala shranjuje na interni ali eksterni pomnilniški medij. Posamezna kamera za izvedbo posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa v želenem kadru oziroma vidnem polju zajema serijo slik, pri čemer posamezni kader obsega vsaj dve sliki, ki sta označeni kor prva in zadnja slika kadra med začetno in končno sekvenco posnetka. Natančneje, video posnetek stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa obsega vsaj dve sliki, ki prikazujeta vsaj eno točko opazovanja, pri čemer posnetek stanja obsega vsaj en parameter za izvedbo metode optimizacije, ki je prednostno zaobsežen oziroma predstavljen kot čas med dvema zaporednima slikama z evidentirano točko opazovanja, kjer nadalje na podlagi sledenja točke opazovanja na vsaj dveh zaporednih slikah videoposnetka naprava po izmumu omogoča prostorsko identifikacijo in sledenje točke opazovanja v želenem časovnem obdobju. Razume se, da je časovno sledenje točke opazovanja za potrebe izvajanja metode optimizacije delovnih procesov prednostno izvedeno s časovnim odtisom frekvence zajemanja slik na videoposnetku (FPS - angl. Flips per second). Ključna prednost uporabe videokamere za izdelavo posnetka stanja se kaže predvsem v minimiziranem vplivu izvajalca opazovane delovne operacije, saj v daljšem opazovanem časovnem obdobju snemanja posnetka zaradi odsotnosti izvajalca metode, izvajalec delovne operacije ne more prikrito bistveno vplivati na obseg in vsebino opazovanih točk v okviru detajlnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa. Sekundarno omogoča posnetek stanja v obliki shranjenega videoposnetka dokumentirano in z dokazi podkrepljeno izdelavo baze podatkov opazovanih točk, kjer z izračunom parametrov optimizacije v smislu kazalnikov opisne statistike izvajalec metode v osnovnem izvedbenem primeru identificira ter ovrednoti napake in » · · ·In a preferred embodiment, the device for designing and optimizing work processes within the frame of the state-of-the-art footage 2 comprises a camcorder with at least one digital sensor for capturing at least the visible light spectrum in the frame of the observed work process, wherein the individual video camera saves the captured image in the form of a digital video signal to internal or external storage media. Each camera for capturing the state of the observed workflow in the desired frame or field of view comprises a series of images, each frame comprising at least two images, indicated by the first and last frames of the frame between the start and end sequences of the shot. Specifically, the video footage of the observed workflow comprises at least two images showing at least one observation point, the state snapshot comprising at least one parameter for performing the optimization method, preferably captured or represented as the time between two consecutive images with the recorded observation point, where, further by tracking the point of observation on at least two consecutive video images, the device, after the invention, enables the spatial identification and tracking of the point of observation over the desired period of time. It is understood that the time tracking of the observation point for the purposes of implementing the workflow optimization method is preferably performed by a time-lapse footage of the video capture rate (FPS). The key advantage of using a camcorder to take a snapshot is mainly reflected in the minimized impact of the observer of the observed work operation, since over the long-term observation period of the recording, due to the absence of the method performer, the operator of the work operation cannot have a covert effect on the scope and content of the observed points within the detailed shot. the states of the observed work process. Secondarily, it enables the recording of the status in the form of a saved video documented and evidence-based creation of a database of observation points, where by calculating the optimization parameters in terms of descriptive statistics indicators, the method performer in the basic implementation case identifies and evaluates errors and »· · ·
&&
pomanjkljivosti, ter oblikuje ukrepe za odpravo evidentiranih napak in pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa.defects, and devises measures for eliminating recorded errors and deficiencies of the observed work process.
V naprednem izvedbenem primeru naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov nadalje obsega strojno in programsko opremo za izvajanje algoritmov strojnega vida s ciljem avtomatiziranega sledenja točk opazovanja v okviru izdelave ali analize posnetka stanja, pri čemer izvajalec metode pred ali po izdelavi, v okviru analize videoposnetka, opredeli in označi točke opazovanja v območju posameznega kadra videoposnetka med začetno in končno sekvenco posnetka stanja, ki jih algoritem programske opreme uporabi za generiranje baze podatkov v okviru avtomatizirane identifikacije in sledenja poprej definiranih opazovanih točk. Natančneje, z opredelitvijo ključnih značilnosti opazovanih točk delovnega procesa v obliki geometrije, barv, površinske teksture idp., algoritem na podlagi spremljanja definiranega vzorca točk (angl. ρίχΙον) dvodimenzionalne ali tridimenzionalne video slike identificira in spremlja definirane opazovane točke med začetno in končno sekvenco videoposnetka, pri čemer v naprednem izvedbenem primeru v okviru poročila o sledenju definiranih opazovanih točk programska oprema generira bazo podatkov za nadrobno statistično analizo in iskanje vzorcev obnašanja opazovanih točk, ki rezultirajo v uspešno ali neuspešno zaključenem delovnem procesu. Skladno s predhodno zapisanim velja, da naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov s strojno in programsko opremo v realnem času ali v okviru naknadne analize v procesu obdelave posnetka v obliki video signala omogoča samodejno identifikacijo in sledenje objektov ali segmentov točk opazovanja v okviru zajetega video signala, pri čemer točke opazovanja lahko označujejo skelet človeka ali človeške ude, dele stroja, segmente izdelka oziroma polizdelka proizvodnostoritvenega procesa.In an advanced embodiment, the workflow planning and optimization apparatus further comprises hardware and software for executing machine vision algorithms for the purpose of automated tracking of observation points in the context of the production or analysis of a snapshot, the method performer before or after production, in the context of video analysis, identify and mark the observation points in the area of each video frame between the start and end sequence of the status snapshot that the software algorithm uses to generate the database as part of automated identification and tracking of predefined observation points. Specifically, by identifying key features of observed workflow points in the form of geometry, colors, surface textures, etc., a two-dimensional or three-dimensional video image algorithm identifies and monitors the defined observed points between the start and end video sequences. , in the advanced implementation case, within the tracking of defined observation points, the software generates a database for detailed statistical analysis and retrieval of patterns of observation points that result in a successfully or unsuccessfully completed workflow. In accordance with the foregoing, the device for planning and optimizing work processes with hardware and software in real time or in the context of subsequent analysis in the process of processing a video signal image enables automatic identification and tracking of objects or segments of observation points within the captured video signal , where the observation points may indicate the human skeleton or human limbs, machine parts, product segments or semi-finished product of the manufacturing process.
Dodatno lahko napredni izvedbeni primer naprave za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega strojno opremo za generiranje, snemanje in analizo tridimenzionalnega posnetka oziroma globinske video slike, kjer programska oprema v procesu identifikacije in sledenja opazovanih točk v okviru posnetka stanja znotraj začetne in končne sekvence izvaja postopke prepoznavanja značilnosti objektov oziroma strojnega vida z namenom identifikacije in sledenja definiranih točk opazovanja s ciljem izdelave baze podatkov za analizo v okviru identifikacije napak in pomanjkljivosti 3. Kot sledi, naprava za načrtovanje in optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega oddajnik IR svetlobe in kamero oziroma sprejemnik IRAdditionally, an advanced embodiment of a workflow scheduling and optimization device may include hardware for generating, recording, and analyzing three-dimensional video or depth video images, where the software performs recognition processes in the process of identifying and tracking observed points within a state image within the start and end sequences characteristics of objects or machine vision for the purpose of identification and tracking of defined observation points with the aim of creating a database for analysis in the framework of identification of defects and defects 3. As follows, the device for planning and optimization of work processes comprises an IR light transmitter and an IR camera or receiver
svetlobe, ki na podlagi odbite IR svetlobe in odčitavanja množice točk v kadru resolucije videoposnetka po principu globinskega zaznavanja oziroma skeniranja okolice znotraj območja kadra tudi v slabših svetlobnih razmerah generira natančno globinsko oziroma trirazsežno sliko opazovanega prostora in hkrati omogoča avtomatizirano identifikacijo ter sledenje prepoznanih točk opazovanja v trirazsežnem prostoru. Natančneje, identifikacija in sledenje točk opazovanja v okviru avtomatizirane oziroma strojne analize točk opazovanja omogoča prepoznavanje točk interesa v območju zajetega video signala, kjer programska oprema v smislu strojnega vida generira bazo podatkov, ki obsega natančne podatke o zaznanih točkah opazovanja in gibanju le teh v opazovanem trirazsežnem prostoru, na podlagi katerih algoritem z analizo s časovnih odtisov po principu iskanja vzorcev gibanja in lokalnih odmikov od povprečnih vrednosti identificira oziroma izpostavi potencialna območja za nastanek napak in pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa.light, which, based on the reflected IR light and reading the set of points in the frame of the video resolution according to the principle of depth sensing or scanning the environment within the frame area, even in poor light conditions, generates accurate depth or three-dimensional image of the observed space, while allowing automated identification and tracking of recognized observation points in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the identification and tracking of observation points in the context of automated or machine analysis of observation points enables the identification of points of interest in the area of the captured video signal, where the software generates, in terms of machine vision, a database comprising accurate information about the detected observation points and their movement in the observed three-dimensional space, on the basis of which the algorithm with the analysis from time prints on the principle of finding patterns of movement and local deviations from the average values identifies or highlights potential areas for the occurrence of errors and shortcomings of the observed work process.
Tako pridobljeni rezultati predstavljajo vhodne parametre podrobne statistične analize podatkov, na podlagi katere izvajalec metode izbere in določi ukrepe za odpravo zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa. Razume se, da v okviru analize točk opazovanja metoda po izumu lahko nadalje obsega izračun kazalnikov opisne statistike, na podlagi katerih izvajalec metode v okviru akcijskega načrta 4 oblikuje zaključke, sklepe in ukrepe za odpravo zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti, ki jih zapiše v akcijskem načrtu 4 za implementacijo rezultatov metode optimizacije, kjer metoda nadalje predvideva oziroma obsega ekonomsko vrednotenje 5 učinkov optimizacije, v okviru katere se posamezni ukrepi skozi vidik časovnih in materialnih prihrankov izrazijo v neposrednih finančnih učinkih oziroma prihrankih.The results thus obtained represent the input parameters of a detailed statistical analysis of the data, on the basis of which the method performer selects and determines measures for eliminating the detected errors and shortcomings of the observed work process. It is understood that within the framework of the analysis of observation points, the method of the invention may further comprise the calculation of descriptive statistics indicators on the basis of which the method provider, in the framework of action plan 4, draws conclusions, conclusions and measures to remedy the detected errors and deficiencies recorded in the action plan 4 for the implementation of the results of the optimization method, where the method further envisages or comprises an economic evaluation of 5 optimization effects, in which individual measures are expressed in direct financial effects or savings through the aspect of time and material savings.
Iz vsega zapisanega sledi, da metoda za optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega:It follows from all the above that the method for optimizing work processes includes:
1. korak: Priprava izvedbenega načrta 1, ki v prednostni izvedbi obsega izbor delovnih procesov, nabor točk opazovanja, vzorčni posnetek stanja in definicijo pričakovanih oziroma izhodiščnih značilnosti točk opazovanja.Step 1: Preparation of Implementation Plan 1, which in a preferred embodiment, includes a selection of work processes, a set of observation points, a sample snapshot of the situation and a definition of the expected or baseline characteristics of the observation points.
2. korak: Posnetek stanja 2, ki v prednostni izvedbi obsega detajlni posnetek stanja, ki se znotraj načrtovanega časovnega obdobja prične z začetno in konča s končno sekvenco zajemanja podatkov, pri čemer baza podatkov predstavlja končni rezultat • · · · /o • · ·· · ’ — izdelanega detajlnega posnetka stanja. Osnovni izvedbeni primer obsega subjektivno snemanje oziroma spremljanje točk opazovanja, kjer izvajalec metode ročno generira bazo podatkov za poznejšo analizo, pri čemer zaradi minimiziranja vpliva izvajalca delovnega procesa metoda prednostno obsega napravo za izdelavo digitalnega video posnetka stanja v obliki zajema signala digitalnega video zapisa, ki v okviru obdelave baze podatkov omogoča analizo detajlnega posnetka stanja opazovanega delovnega procesa. V naprednem izvedbenem primeru strojna oprema naprave za izdelavo posnetka nadalje obsega oddajnik in sprejemnik IR svetlobe, ki generira globinsko sliko opazovanega območja, na podlagi katere programska oprema samodejno identificira, spremlja in analizira točke opazovanja v smislu uporabe strojnega vida.Step 2: A snapshot of status 2, in a preferred embodiment, comprising a detailed snapshot of the status, which begins within the scheduled time period with the initial and final data capture sequences, with the database representing the final result • · · · / o • · · · · '- a detailed snapshot of the situation. The basic embodiment involves subjective recording or monitoring of observation points, where the method provider manually generates a database for later analysis, and in order to minimize the impact of the workflow method, the method preferably comprises a device for producing a digital video of the status in the form of a digital video signal capture, which in within the framework of database processing it enables the analysis of a detailed snapshot of the status of the observed work process. In an advanced embodiment, the hardware of the imaging device further comprises an emitter and an IR light receiver, which generates a depth image of the observed area, on the basis of which the software automatically identifies, monitors and analyzes observation points in terms of the use of machine vision.
3. korak: Identifikacija napak in pomanjkljivosti 3 v osnovni izvedbi obsega subjektivno identifikacijo in spremljanje točk opazovanja znotraj začetne in končne sekvence posnetka stanja, kjer izvajalec metode ročno izdela bazo podatkov, ki predstavlja vhodne podatke oziroma parametre optimizacije opazovanih delovnih procesov, pri čemer baza podatkov obsega vsaj podatek o času identifikacije posamezne točke opazovanja. V prednostni izvedbi analiza točk opazovanja na podlagi digitalnega dvodimenzionalnega video posnetka stanja obsega subjektivno prepoznavanje, sledenje in iskanje vzorcev napak in pomanjkljivosti, ki jih izvajalec metode v okviru izdelave akcijskega načrta 4 uporabi za oblikovanje ukrepov za odpravo zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa. Napredni izvedbeni primer naprave obsega strojno in programsko opremo za implementacijo strojnega vida oziroma opremo za samodejno prepoznavanje, sledenje in iskanje vzorcev točk opazovanja na video posnetku stanja, pri čemer integracija dodatne strojne opreme iz stanja tehnike v smislu uporabe IR refleksivne svetlobe za generiranje globinske slike omogoča uporabo algoritmov za identificiranje, spremljanje in izdelavo vzorcev točk opazovanja v generiranem trirazsežnem prostoru.Step 3: Identification of faults and defects 3 in the basic implementation comprises subjective identification and monitoring of observation points within the initial and final sequence of the status snapshot, where the method performer manually creates a database representing the input data or optimization parameters of the observed work processes, the database being it shall include at least the time of identification of each observation point. In a preferred embodiment, the analysis of observation points based on a digital two-dimensional video video of the situation comprises subjective identification, tracking and finding of patterns of errors and deficiencies, which are used by the method contractor in the preparation of Action Plan 4 to design measures to correct the detected errors and deficiencies of the observed work process. An advanced embodiment of the device comprises hardware and software for implementing machine vision or equipment for automatically recognizing, tracking, and searching patterns of observation points in a video recording of the state of the art, wherein the integration of additional hardware from the prior art in terms of using IR reflective light to generate depth imaging the use of algorithms to identify, monitor, and produce patterns of observation points in the three-dimensional space generated.
4. korak: Izdelava akcijskega načrta 4 v osnovnem izvedbenem primeru, kjer izvajalec metode ročno izdela bazo podatkov v obliki zapisov o spremljanju točk opazovanja, izvajalec metode na podlagi podanih opisov in izvedenih meritev sprejme ukrepe za odpravo subjektivno zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti, ki jih v okviru akcijskega • · » · načrta 4 zapiše in implementira v/na opazovanem delovnem procesu. V prednostnem izvedbenem primeru, kjer naprava za optimizacijo delovnih procesov obsega vsaj videokamero za izdelavo detajlnega posnetka stanja, izvajalec metode oblikuje ukrepe, ki jih sprejme na podlagi subjektivne analize točk opazovanja na video posnetku stanja opazovane delovnega procesa, ki skozi opazovano časovno obdobje predvsem minimizira vpliv izvajalca delovne operacije na pridobitev informacije o točkah opazovanja. V naprednem izvedbenem primeru strojna in programska oprema naprave za optimizacijo delovnih procesov na podlagi implementiranega strojnega vida in programske analize identificira in spremlja točke opazovanja, pri čemer na podlagi zaznanih oziroma ugotovljenih vzorcev o točkah opazovanja izvajalec metode ali programska oprema na podlagi uporabljenega algoritma oziroma definiranih pravil opredeli izvore napak in pomanjkljivosti, na podlagi katerih lahko izvajalec metode oblikuje ukrepe za odpravo zaznanih napak in pomanjkljivosti opazovanega delovnega procesa.Step 4: Creating an Action Plan 4 in the basic implementation case where the method contractor manually creates a database in the form of monitoring points of observation points, the method operator, based on the given descriptions and measurements taken, takes measures to correct subjectively detected errors and deficiencies that within the Action Plan 4, • records and implements in / on the observed workflow. In a preferred embodiment, where the workflow optimization device comprises at least a camcorder to produce a detailed status snapshot, the method executor designs the actions that he takes based on a subjective analysis of the observation points on the video footage of the observed workflow, which minimizes the impact over the observed period of time. the contractor of the work operation to obtain information about the observation points. In an advanced embodiment, the hardware and software of a workflow optimization device identifies and monitors observation points based on implemented machine vision and software analysis, whereby, based on detected or identified patterns of observation points, the method or software provider uses the algorithm or defined rules identify the sources of errors and deficiencies on the basis of which the method performer can design measures to correct the detected errors and deficiencies of the observed work process.
5. korak: Ekonomsko vrednotenje učinkov 5 obsega preračun parametrov optimizacije, v okviru katerega se rezultati predlaganih in implementiranih ukrepov ovrednotijo v obliki finančnih kazalnikov.Step 5: Economic Impact Assessment 5 involves the calculation of optimization parameters, in which the results of the proposed and implemented measures are evaluated in the form of financial indicators.
Razume se, da je videokamera za izdelavo posnetka stanja lahko stacionarno umeščena v prostor opazovanega delovnega procesa ali nasprotno, dinamično premična v smislu uporabe naglavne kamere oziroma očal za izdelavo videoposnetka v prvoosebnem pogledu iz vidika oči izvajalca delovnega procesa, kjer izdelan videoposnetek lahko zasleduje oziroma obsega eno ali več točk opazovanja hkrati. Na podlagi poznavanja korakov in značilnosti predstavljene metode lahko strokovnjak iz obravnavanega področja izvede metodo optimizacije delovnih procesov v več variacijah, ki pa ne zaobidejo sledečih patentnih zahtevkov.It is understood that the camcorder may be stationary positioned in the space of the observed workflow or, conversely, dynamically movable in terms of the use of a headset camera or goggles for video production in a first-person view from the perspective of the worker of the workflow, where the video produced can be traced or captured one or more observation points at a time. Based on the knowledge of the steps and characteristics of the presented method, one skilled in the art can perform a method of optimizing work processes in several variations, which, however, does not bypass the following claims.
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