SI24787A - Modular hydraulic rotary motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The modular hydraulic rotary motor solves the problem of simple and efficient operation of the various types of work tools (22) on work machines, in addition to the simple, lighter and yet compact construction of the hydraulic motor formed by the upper part of the housing (1), the control module (7) a module (10) and a lower part of the housing (2), which are fixed with one another by means of screws (39). The structure thus formed forms a modular assembly which is rotatably mounted on the shaft (3) through the bearings (29, 30), which has an internal channel (34, 36), which is connected to one channel with channels (12, 15) or channels (16, 17) in the upper part of the housing (1), with the other end being connected to the working tool (22) with a second end. Depending on the direction of rotation of the shaft (3), the hydraulic oil is pressurized into the upper part of the housing (1) through the duct (12) or (15) and further through the channel (31) or (32) to the control module (7) (48) or (46), or along the channel (60) or (61) into the working module (10), or via the channel (36) or (34) into the workpiece (22). Working tools can grip, scoop, scissors and the like.

Description

MODULAR HYDRAULIC ROTARY MOTOR

The subject of the invention

The subject of the invention is a modular hydraulic rotary motor or more precisely a modular hydraulic rotary motor of a dedicated work tool, formed by a work module and a control module, which are placed between the lower and upper part of the housing and fixedly connected to each other by a screw connection. with associated inlet, outlet and outlet channels, which is rotatably mounted on the associated shaft. The subject of the invention is also a method of operation of a modular hydraulic rotary motor during operation and drive and control of a dedicated work tool connected to it.

Technical problem

The technical problem solved by the invention is the construction of a modular hydraulic rotary motor, which will allow its upgrade with additional implementation modules for various functions, such as control of power, speed, acceleration, braking and positioning of dedicated work tools and the like. In this way, the construction will enable the design of different assemblies of the modular hydraulic motor with different or various operating functions, with its optimal active sealing, constant cross-section and shape of supply, transition and discharge channels, higher operating efficiency and at least 50% lower loss. power per operating hour. In doing so, the axial protection will enable reliable and safe operation and smaller installation dimensions of the hydraulic motor according to the invention. At the same time, its construction will be simple and compact in terms of implementation and use, and its installation on work tools will require less installation space.

The prior art

According to patent document WO 2005093258, a solution of a hydraulic motor for driving and operating a work tool, the construction of which is based on a toothed ring, is known. The housing consists of three parts or modules, namely the upper part, the intermediate part and the lower part, which are connected to each other in a single flow assembly, which is rotatably mounted on the corresponding shaft via the upper and lower part. Its flow is enabled by inlet, intermediate and outlet channels of various diameters. The control channels for the supply of hydraulic oil to the working chambers are made in the upper part of the housing, which makes the optimal design of the supply channels impossible, which results in large losses in the flow of oil through the channels. Furthermore, the disadvantage of this solution is the unreliable seal between the upper part of the housing and the shaft on which it is rotatably mounted via the bearing. The reason is that the intermediate seal rests on only two surfaces, which risks destabilizing the position of the seal when rotating at high pressures. Its disadvantage is that the flow channels are not of the same cross-section or diameter, which leads to large pressure losses in the transfer of hydraulic energy to the work tool. Furthermore, the axial guard is also unsatisfactorily solved, since the axial load is transmitted to the support bearing and the lower housing via the guard. The design is unstable as there is a possibility that the guard will move and even fall out. This also leads to large internal stresses at the edges. Furthermore, the positioning and sealing of the outer ring or the intermediate part of the housing between the upper and lower part of the housing is also deficient. Due to high dynamic loads, despite the sealing, hydraulic oil leaks on the bearing surfaces. It is also complicated to make centering surfaces for the installation of the intermediate part of the housing.

The described technical problem will be solved with a modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the present invention.

Description of the invention and method of its use

In the following, the modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention will be described and explained in more detail on the basis of an embodiment and on the basis of the method of its operation by means of figures showing:

Sl. 1 shows an assembly of a modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention, in the longitudinal-axial section A-A indicated in FIG. 2

Sl. 2 is a plan view of the upper part of the motor housing, showing the inlet and outlet channels of the working chamber of the work module or work tool, in the view P shown in FIG. 1

Sl. 3 is the same as in FIG. 2, only shows the supply channels of the working chamber, in the section B-B indicated in FIG. 2

Sl. 4 is a plan view of the working module of the hydraulic rotary motor in FIG. 5 control module with inlet and outlet channels for inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil to and from the working chamber, bottom view

Sl. 6 is the same as in FIG. 5, just a view from above

Sl. 7 in the same way as in FIG. 1, only the display of the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil through the assembly of the modular hydraulic rotary motor, into and out of the working tool, ie through the housing through the shaft to the rotating tool, partial axial section

Sl. 8 shows the bearing surfaces in the shaft seal installation channel, in detail X

Sl. 9 in the same way as in FIG. 5, only the control module in the floor plan

Sl. 10 in the same way as in FIG. 5, only in partial cross-section C or D of the hydraulic oil supply channels into the working chambers, showing the ratio of the dimensions in relation to the distance D between the channels on the back of the control module

EN 11 shows a seal between the upper part of the housing and the control module on one side and between the control module and the outer ring, in axial section

Sl. 12 vertical section of the center sealing ring, details Y

Sl. 13 shows an axial shaft protection assembly

Sl. 14 in the same way as in FIG. 13, assembly diagram only

The reference marks in the figures represent:

1. upper part of the housing

2. lower part of the housing

3rd shaft

4. outer ring

5. planetary

6. rotor

7. control module

8. sealing plate

9. support ring

10. work module

11. support ring

Channel 12

13. working or return chamber

14. centering sealing ring

Channel 15

Channel 16

Channel 17

Channel 18

19. seal

20. seal

21. seal

22. work tool

23. external corrugated profile

24. seal

25. seal

26. seal

27. threaded hole

28. bore

29. bed

30. bed

Channel 31

Channel 32

33rd seat

Channel 34

35. disc spring

Channel 36

37. guard

38. internal corrugated profile

39. screw

40. external corrugated profile

41. internal corrugated profile

Channel 42

43rd seat

44. bearing is not a seat

45. longitudinal central axis

Channel 46

Channel 47

Channel 48

49. axial protection assembly

50. circular channel

Channel 51

52. sealing edge

53. outer bearing edge

54. circular profile

55. sealing point

56. circular canal

57. rotating joint

58. bearing surfaces

Channel 59

Channel 60

Channel 61.

62. double stepped cylinder

63. double stepped cylinder

64. rotary joint

Channel 65

In mobile hydraulics, hydraulic rotators are increasingly used. hydraulic motors. Their basic purpose is to drive and operate various types of work tools, especially for turning and at the same time angular positioning of loads. They are most commonly used for relatively slow and controlled turning, cutting and carrying loads, and the like. In addition to this basic function, their task is also to supply the work tool with hydraulic oil under pressure through said rotator.

The original conceptual design of the reported hydraulic rotary motor for the drive and control of various work tools is based on the modular concept of its composition, controlled operation, axial protection, active sealing and consequently improved operation and optimal output characteristics. The modular concept allows the installation of one or more series-connected control and operating modules, alternately strung inside the upper and lower part of the housing, which directly affects the possibility of extensive and efficient optimization of the output functions of the hydraulic motor. However, the number of installed control and operating modules depends on the desired output characteristics of the hydraulic motor.

The subject modular concept allows a continuous transition between the inlet, outlet and outlet channels, which are constant, possibly larger cross-sections and shapes, which affects the efficient and unobstructed flow of hydraulic oil through the engine. In addition to the above, an innovative approach is also present in the installation and implementation of a stand-alone control module, which the existing versions of hydraulic motors do not include in such a design. The advantage of the presented modular construction of the hydraulic rotary motor is mainly expressed through higher efficiencies in the operation itself, even up to 30% and more, and in the reduction of losses, even up to 100% and more.

The assembly of the modular hydraulic rotary motor enables the upgrade of the basic version with additional modules for controlling power, speed, braking, acceleration and for positioning the work tool.

It is designed to drive and operate various types of work tools, such as various grippers, scoops, scissors and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention essentially consists of an upper part 1 of the housing 1, a control module 7, a working module 10 and a lower part of the housing 2, respectively in the direction of a common longitudinal central axis 45. , the modular hydraulic rotary motor assembly may comprise one or more control modules 7 and one or more working modules 10, which always follow or follow in alternating order within the assembly or between the upper part of the housing 1 and the lower part of the housing 2.

The upper part of the housing 1 is in a circular ground plan, and all the other mentioned parts or modules are in the shape of a circular ring, preferably of the same outer diameter and different thicknesses. They are connected to each other and fixed with screws 39 so as to form a single assembly bounded on the control module side 7 by the upper part of the housing 1 and on the work module side 10 by the lower housing part 2. The assembly is via bearings 29 and 30. rotatably mounted on the centric shaft 3 so that they have a common vertical central axis 45.

In fig. 1, fig. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 shows that horizontal channels 12 and 15 and 16 and 17 are laterally formed in the upper part of the housing 1. From the channels 12 and 15, which are of the same diameter, vertical channels 31 and 32 of smaller diameter, respectively, flow through. The channels 16 and 17 are of the same diameter as their horizontal and vertical arms, the vertical arms running along and along the vertical central axis of the upper housing 1. The front face of the upper housing 1 is along the entire circumference of the dividing circle and at the outer edge drilled threaded holes 27 for screws 39.

Channels 12 and 15 serve to supply hydraulic oil through channels 47 in the control module 7 to the working chambers 13 located between the planetary gear 5 and the rotor 6 in the working module 10, as shown in FIG. 4.

Channels 16 and 17 serve to supply hydraulic oil through intermediate channels 34 and 36, respectively, in the shaft 3 onwards to the working tool 22, as can be seen from FIG. 1.

Channels 31 and 32 serve to supply hydraulic oil to the control module 7.

In the lower end face of the upper part of the housing 1, a seat 33 for the bearing 30 is made.

In the shaft 3, the longitudinal central axis 45 of which corresponds to the longitudinal central axis of the whole modular hydraulic rotary motor assembly, vertical channels 34 and 36 are arranged along its entire height or length and side by side, the channel 36 lying at an angle to the channel 34. a ranging from 5 ° to 15 °. Characteristic of the channel 36, which originates from the longitudinal central axis 45 of the upper part of the housing 1 and continues through the rotary joint 64 through the shaft 3 at an angle a and extends all the way to the exit of the modular hydraulic rotary motor or to the entrance to the work tool. on the shaft 3 it is designed as a circular channel 56. The profiles and cross-sections of the flow channels 34 and 36 are uniform and continuous, which ensures optimal working efficiency of the working tool 22. Shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7.

Shaft 3 has the function of transmitting torque to the work tool 22, but also serves to transfer axial and radial loads via bearings 29 and 30 to the lower part of the housing 2 and to transmit hydraulic energy through channels 34 and 36 to the work tool 22. As previously said bearing 29 is mounted in the bearing seat 44 between the lower part of the housing 2 and the shaft 3 and the bearing 30 in the seat 33 between the upper part of the housing 1 and the shaft 3. Seals 20 and 21 are inserted at the upper end of the shaft 3 for sealing the screw connection, which is made by means of screws 39. In said screw connection, the upper part of the housing 1, the control module 7, the outer ring 4, the planetarium 5, the rotor 6 and the lower part of the housing 2 are screwed together with screws 39. 1 and FIG. 7.

In fig. 7 shows a rotary joint 64 between the upper part of the housing 1 and the front surface of the shaft 3 formed by a double stepped roller 62 formed in the upper part of the housing 1 and a double stepped roller 63 made in the shaft 3. In place of the rotary joint 64 centric channels 65 and 59 for installing rotary seals 20 and 21 abutting three abutment surfaces 58, as shown in FIG. 8.

In fig. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 shows a control module 7, which is designed as a stand-alone unit inside a modular hydraulic rotary motor and is in the form of a slightly wider circular ring with a centric hole 67. It is installed between the upper part of the housing 1 and the working module 10. It has a front and rear a circular channel 42 for a sealing centering ring 14 intended for active sealing. On the front face, next to the centric hole 67, there is also a circular centric channel 46 for supplying hydraulic oil to the working chambers 13 inside the working module 10 and a slightly larger circular centric channel 48 for draining oil from the return chambers 13. Channels 46 and 48 are square. cross-section, which together with channels 31 and 32 in the upper part of the housing 1 form the optimal cross-section for the flow of hydraulic oil to the working and return chambers 13 in the working module 10. Channels 31 and 32 in the upper part of the housing 1 alternately supply channels 46 and 48 in the control module 7, depending on the direction of rotation of the shaft 3. Between the channels 48 and 42 are drilled holes 28 for the entire circumference of the screws 39. On the back of the control module 7, the center hole hole 67 also has channels 47 for supplying hydraulic oil to the already mentioned working or return chambers 13 in the working module 10, which are arranged in diameter D. The central channels 47 are made as holes with precisely defined ratios. The cross section of the channels 31 and 32 in the upper part of the housing 1 corresponds to the cross section of the channels 46 and 48 in the control module 7. Along the centric hole 67 of the front surface of the control module 7, channels 60 and channels 61 for supplying hydraulic oil from channels 46 into channels 47, through which the working chambers 13 are supplied with hydraulic oil. The channels 60 are made at an angle β to the larger surface of the control module 7, and the channels 61 at an angle γ. The angle β is preferably between 25 ° and 35 °, and the angle γ between 45 ° and 55 °.

The dimensions of the supply channel 46 are defined by the ratio to the diameter D of the dividing circle of the channels 47, namely its width is 0.Ό9 D and the height is 0.03 D. The same applies to the supply channels 60 with a diameter of 0.04 D and to the supply channels. channels 61 having a diameter of 0.06 D. The height of the control module 7 is 0.2 D.

The working module 10 consists of a rotor 6, a planetary torque generation 5 and an outer ring 4 into which the planetary 5 rests during operation, as shown in FIG. 4.

The outer ring 4 has a channel 42 formed on the upper and lower sides, into which the centering sealing ring 14 with active sealing fits, which is shown in FIG. 4 and also seen in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12. The outer ring 4 is also characterized by an inner corrugated profile 41 into which the planetary 5 synchronously engages the outer corrugated profile 40. The planetary 5 also has an inner corrugated profile 38 with which it continuously engages the outer corrugated profile 23 of the rotor 6 a hole 66 mounted on the shaft 3. The inner corrugated profile 38 of the planet 5 and the outer corrugated profile 23 of the rotor 6 engage each other synchronously and continuously to form intermediate pressure or working and return chambers 13. In this case, the rotor 6 operates so that the hydraulic oil under pressure, it is always supplied to three pressure or working chambers 13, while on the opposite side, the hydraulic oil from also three return chambers 13 is discharged into the corresponding external tank. The shape and geometry of the teeth or the outer corrugated profiles 23 of the rotor 6 and the inner corrugated profiles 38 of the planet 5 is therefore such that it always seals the three working chambers 13 and does not leak hydraulic oil under pressure into the rest of the rotor 6.

The sealing plate 8 is inserted between the lower part of the housing 2 and the planetarium 5 and rests on a circular spring 35. It has two seats 43 around the circumference, which engage in a guard 37 which prevents the sealing plate 8 from rotating during operation. The compressive force on the sealing plate 8 is created by a circular spring 35 located below it. The description is shown in FIG. 1.

The transmission of axial forces from the shaft 3 via the bearing 29 to the lower part of the housing 2 takes place via the axial protection assembly 49 on the shaft 3 formed by the support ring 9 and the support ring 11. The support ring 9 has a circular channel 50 in which the support rests. ring 11, preferably of circular cross-section. A circular profile 54 is formed for the abutment of the support ring 9 with the support ring 11, which is made around the circumference of the shaft 3. It is described in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14.

The axial protection assembly 49 prevents the support ring 11 from falling out of the circular channel 50. Due to the circular profile 54 on the shaft 3, the stresses inside the axial protection assembly 49 are more evenly distributed, which provides a higher degree of safety.

Between the upper part of the housing 1, the control module 7 and the outer ring 4 of the working module 10, there are sealing points 55 with centering sealing rings 14, which enable active sealing. Described is shown in Fig. 11.

Each centering sealing ring 14 is designed as a circular ring, which is in the cross section of the shape of an irregular polygon with one convex sealing edge 52 on each side. Its larger flat surface represents the outer bearing edge 53, and on the inner diameter the channel 51 has a semicircular or polyleptic shape. The outer bearing edge 53 has the function of centering and positioning two adjacent modules in the hydraulic rotary motor assembly. The channel 51 is filled with hydraulic oil during operation of the modular hydraulic rotary motor, which under active pressure P exerts an active compressive force F on the sealing edges 52, thus sealing the adjacent modules. This type of sealing is active because the higher the pressure in the hydraulic motor, the greater the active compressive force F through the sealing edges 52 to the sealing point 55, and thus the stronger the sealing. Already during the assembly of the hydraulic motor, the centering sealing ring 14 is partially deformed and in this way provides an elastic seal and eliminates the influence of dynamic deformations.

Sealing between the output part of the shaft 3 and the lower part of the housing 2 is performed with a seal 19, which is installed in the channel 18 in the lower part of the housing

2. Sealing in the area of the pivot joint 57, between the stationary upper part of the housing 1 and the rotating shaft 3 is made with seals 20 and 21. Sealing between the channels 31 and 32 is made with seals 24, 25 and 26.

In the following, a method of generating operating torque or rotation of a modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention will be described. Depending on the direction of its rotation, the hydraulic oil under pressure flows into the upper part of the housing 1 through channel 12 or channel 15 and continues through channels 31 or channels 32 into the control module 7, where through channel 48 or 46 continues through channel 60 or 61 in the outlet channel 36 or 34 and through it into the working tool 22.

A part of the hydraulic oil from the control module 7 travels through the channels 47 directly to the working chamber 13 by simultaneously filling three working chambers 13 on the left and three return chambers 13 on the right side of the rotor 6 in the working module 10. The pressure in the pressure working chambers 13 creates thrust. a force F on the planetary 5, wherein its outer corrugated profile 40 absorbs the inner corrugated profile 41 from the outer ring 4. The thrust force F causes the planetary 5 to rotate. At the same time, the inner corrugated profile 38 of the planetary 5 engages the outer corrugated profile 23 6, which pushes the rotor 6 in the direction of rotation and thus generates it. The rotor 6 transmits the rotation further to the shaft 3, which thus rotates at the same speed in the same direction. As the rotor 6 rotates, the channels 47 of the control module 7 alternately open so that half of the working chambers 13 are pressurized due to the inflow of hydraulic oil, and the other half is emptied as the hydraulic oil drains through channel 46 or channel 48 and continues through the channel. 60 or channel 61 further into channel 46 or channel 48 and continues through channel 31 or channel 32 in the upper part of the housing 1 into channel 12 or into channel 15 back into the working machine which supplies the rotor 6 with hydraulic oil under pressure. The process is repeated cyclically.

In addition to the previously described operation of the modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention, it also performs the function of transferring hydraulic oil from the working machine to the working tool 22. Depending on the direction of rotation or direction of operation of the connected working tool 22, hydraulic oil enters the modular hydraulic rotary motor through the channel. 16 or channel 17 and further through the rotary joint 64 to the rotating shaft 3 and through one of its channels 34 or 36 to the working tool 22 which is attached to the shaft 3. In the corresponding supply channels 16 and 34 or 17 and 36 hydraulic oil under pressure, while in the return or discharge associated channels 34 and 16 or channels 36 and 17 the pressure is lower for the pressure drop in the working chamber

13.

The essential advantage of the modular hydraulic rotary motor according to the invention over the known ones is in the modular construction, in achieving higher torques at relatively low dead weight, they are compact and have significantly smaller pressure drops when feeding the work tool 22 through the rotor 6. It has been experimentally determined that pressure in the case of hydraulic motors according to the invention of 5 tons and 10 tons 6 bar, and in the case of known hydraulic motors also up to 36 bar. This saves up to 5 kW of driving power. At the same time, it provides up to 30% better material efficiency due to lower material removal during mechanical processing, which also means time savings. This design also significantly increases the sealing reliability between the modules due to the sealing of the seals 20 and 21 on the three bearing surfaces 58, and also allows a larger cross-section of the channels 34 and 36, even up to 50%. The advantage of this embodiment is also that the channels 34 and 36 in the shaft 3 have a constant cross-section and shape along their entire length and that the channels 34 and 36 have the same cross-section and shape as the channels 16 and 17 in the upper part of the housing 1. Further modular assembly embodiments according to the invention, including the embodiment of the control module 7, the rotary joint 64 and the flow channel line 34, enable a uniform, ie continuous passage or flow of hydraulic oil.

Claims (9)

PATENT APPLICATIONS Modular hydraulic rotary motor, characterized in that it consists of an upper part of the housing (1), of at least one or more control modules (7), of at least one or more working modules (10) and of the lower part of the housing ( 2), which form a modular assembly, which is rotatably mounted on the centric shaft (3) via bearings (29, 30), where in the case of a larger number of installed control modules (7) and work modules (10) they follow each other in alternating sequence, and the number of both is always the same; that the control module (7) is made as an independent control unit in the form of a circular ring with a centric hole (67), which has channels (42, 46, 48) on the front surface and channels (42, 47) on the rear surface, while obliquely arranged channels (60, 61) along the centric hole (67), which follow an alternating sequence throughout their circumference; that between the upper part of the housing (1), the control module (7) and the outer ring of the working module (10) there are sealing points (55) with centering sealing rings (14); that a rotating joint (64) is formed between the upper part of the housing (1) and the front surface of the shaft (3), formed by a double stepped cylinder (62) made in the upper part of the housing (1) and a double stepped cylinder (63) made in the shaft (3); that an axial protection assembly (49) is formed on the shaft (3), which is formed by a support ring (9) with an inner circular channel (50) and a support ring (11). Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels (60) are made at an angle (β) to the front or upper surface of the control module (7) and the channels (61) are made at an angle (γ), the angle ( β) ranges between 25 ° and 35 ° and angle (γ) between 45 ° and 55 °. Motor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the supply channels (46, 60, 61) on the control module (7) are defined by the ratio to the diameter D of the channel dividing circuit (47) such that the width of the supply channel (46) is 0.09 D and the height is 0.03 D, the diameter of the supply channels (60) is 0.04 D, the diameter of the supply channels (61) is 0.06 D, and the height of the control module (7) is 0.2 D. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that one centering sealing ring (14) is inserted in the channels (42) which are made on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer ring (4) located in the working module (10). ). Engine according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the centering sealing ring (14) is designed as a circular ring whose cross-section is in the shape of an irregular polygon with at least one convex sealing edge (52) on each side, its the larger flat surface represents the outer bearing edge (53), while the channel (51) has a semicircular or polyleptic shape on the inner diameter. Motor according to Claim 1, characterized in that centric channels (59, 65) with three abutment surfaces (58) for rotating seals (20, 21) are provided in the shaft (3) in the area of the rotary joint (63). Motor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sections of the channels (46, 48) in the control module (7) correspond to the cross-section of the channels (31, 32) in the upper part of the housing (1) so that together they form an optimal cross-section. for transferring hydraulic oil to the working chambers (13) in the working module (10). Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (34) in the shaft (3) is slightly offset from the longitudinal central axis (45) with which it runs parallel and that the adjacent channel (36) is made at an angle ) which encloses it with the longitudinal central axis (45), the channels (34, 36) being made along the entire height of the shaft (3) and the angle (a) moving in the range between 5 ° and 15 °. Motor according to Claim 1, characterized in that a circular profile (54) is provided for the abutment of the support ring (9) with the support ring (11), which is formed along the entire circumference of the shaft (3).