SI24604A - Improved carrying structure - Google Patents

Improved carrying structure Download PDF

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Publication number
SI24604A
SI24604A SI201400009A SI201400009A SI24604A SI 24604 A SI24604 A SI 24604A SI 201400009 A SI201400009 A SI 201400009A SI 201400009 A SI201400009 A SI 201400009A SI 24604 A SI24604 A SI 24604A
Authority
SI
Slovenia
Prior art keywords
gap
structure according
bearing structure
designed
tooth
Prior art date
Application number
SI201400009A
Other languages
Slovenian (sl)
Inventor
Frenk KovaÄŤ
Simon MerkaÄŤ
SreÄŤko MerkaÄŤ
Original Assignee
Ggp, Gozdno Gospodarstvo Postojna, D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ggp, Gozdno Gospodarstvo Postojna, D.O.O. filed Critical Ggp, Gozdno Gospodarstvo Postojna, D.O.O.
Priority to SI201400009A priority Critical patent/SI24604A/en
Priority to EP14172857.6A priority patent/EP2894271A1/en
Publication of SI24604A publication Critical patent/SI24604A/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/127—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with hollow cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/125—End caps therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped

Abstract

Predlagani izum se nanaša na izboljšano nosilno zgradbo (1) v obliki trama, grede in podobno, zlasti na leseno nosilno zgradbo (1). Po predlaganem izumu je predvideno, omenjena zgradba (1) obsega niz vsaj treh ozobljenih dolžinsko intenzivnih sestavnih elementov (2), ki so medsebojno spojeni v smislu spoja pero-utor.The present invention relates to an improved support structure (1) in the form of a tram, a beam, and the like, in particular a wooden supporting structure (1). According to the present invention, said structure (1) comprises a series of at least three toothed longitudinal component elements (2) which are interconnected in terms of the pero-groove joint.

Description

Gozdno gospodarstvo PostojnaPostojna forest economy

Izboljšana nosilna zgradbaImproved load-bearing structure

Predlagani izum se nanaša na izboljšano nosilno zgradbo v obliki trama, grede in podobno, zlasti na leseno nosilno zgradbo.The present invention relates to an improved load-bearing structure in the form of a beam, a beam and the like, in particular a wooden load-bearing structure.

Nosilno zgradbo, na primer v obliki trama, se izdeluje iz surovca, na primer hloda, tako da se ga obdela z vseh strani, s čimer se dobi želen prečni presek. Pomanjkljivost tovrstnega pristopa je sorazmerno slab izkoristek lesa in neodporna zunanja površina tramov, ki jo definira vzdolžni prerez po ploskvah letnic drevesnega debla. Poleg tega je za izdelavo potreben hlod sorazmerno velikega premera, ki je cenovno neugoden in ga ni smotrno umetno sušiti. Ker pa les ni umetno sušen, na primer pri visoki temperaturi, v njem ostanejo insekti in mikroorganizmi, ki les uničujejo. Poleg tega je nesušen les zelo nagnjen k pokanju in zvijanju. Druga možnost nosilne zgradbe predvideva žaganje hloda na manjše elemente in lepljenje le-teh v tram z želenim prečnim presekom po postopku t.i. lameliranega lepljenja. Pomanjkljivost tovrstne izdelave so sorazmerno dolgi časi lepljenja, zahtevna priprava posameznih lamel, vidni sloji lamel in posledično velika možnost počasnega razslojevanja in propadanja lesa ob vplivu zunanjih klimatskih dejavnikov.The supporting structure, for example in the form of a beam, is made from a blank, such as a log, by trimming it from all sides to give the desired cross-section. The disadvantage of this approach is the relatively poor utilization of timber and the non-resistant outer surface of the beams, which is defined by the longitudinal cross-section of the plots of the tree trunks. In addition, the manufacture of logs requires a relatively large diameter, which is inexpensive and not reasonably artificial. However, since the wood is not artificially dried, for example at high temperature, insects and micro-organisms are left in it that destroy the wood. In addition, non-dried wood is highly prone to cracking and twisting. Another option for the load-bearing structure involves sawing the log into smaller elements and gluing them into the beam with the desired cross-section according to the so-called process. laminated bonding. The disadvantage of this type of manufacturing is the relatively long bonding times, the demanding preparation of the individual lamellae, the visible layers of the lamellae and, consequently, the great possibility of slow stratification and decay of the wood due to external climatic factors.

Naloga predlaganega izuma je ustvariti izboljšano nosilno zgradbo v obliki trama, grede in podobno, s katerim so odpravljene pomanjkljivosti znanih rešitev.It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved load-bearing structure in the form of a beam, a beam, and the like, which eliminates the disadvantages of known solutions.

Zastavljena naloga je po izumu rešena z značilnostmi, podanimi v značilnostnem delu 1.The task according to the invention is solved by the characteristics given in characteristic part 1.

patentnega zahtevka. Podrobnosti izuma so razkrite v podzahtevkih.of the claim. Details of the invention are disclosed in the sub-claims.

Izum je v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisan na osnovi neomejujočega izvedbenega primera in s sklicevanjem na priloženo skico, kjer kaže sl. 1 izboljšano nosilno zgradbo po izumu v tridimenzionalnem pogledu, sl. 2 izvedbeni primer sestavnega elementa zgradbe s sl. 1 v pogledu od spredaj.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a non-limiting embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawing, where FIG. 1 is an improved bearing structure according to the invention in three-dimensional view; 2 shows an embodiment of a building component of FIG. 1 in front view.

Izboljšana nosilna zgradba 1 po izumu, prednostno dolžinsko intenzivna nosilna zgradba, je zasnovan iz niza vsaj treh ozobljenih dolžinsko intenzivnih sestavnih elementov 2, ki so medsebojno spojeni v smislu spoja pero-utor. Pri opisanem izvedbenem primeru je omenjena nosilna zgradba 1 sestavljena iz štirih identičnih elementov 2, ki so medsebojno spojeni v smislu spoja pero-utor. V nadaljevanju je podrobneje opisan zgolj eden od omenjenih sestavnih elementov 2.The improved load-bearing structure 1 according to the invention, preferably the length-intensive load-bearing structure, is designed from a series of at least three gear-like length-intensive constituent elements 2 that are interconnected in terms of a pen-groove joint. In the embodiment described, said supporting structure 1 consists of four identical elements 2 that are connected to each other in terms of a pen-groove joint. The following describes only one of these constituent elements 2 in more detail.

Omenjeni dolžinsko intezivni sestavni element 2 je v prečnem prerezu v bistvu zasnovan kot poligon, v prikazanem izvedbenem primeru kot nepravilen četverokotnik. Vsaj ena stranica 3; 4 omenjenega poligona, ki je obrnjena k sosednjemu sestavnemu elementu 2, prednostno pa vsaka stranica 3; 4, ki je obrnjena k sosednjemu sestavnemu elementu 2, je na način glavnika vsakokrat opremljena z vsaj enim zobom 5; 6 in vsaj eno vrzeljo 7; 8 (sl.Said length-intensive constituent element 2 is, in cross-section, essentially designed as a polygon, in the embodiment shown as an irregular quadrangle. At least one page 3; 4 said polygon facing the adjacent constituent element 2, preferably each side 3; 4, which faces the adjacent component 2, is provided with at least one tooth 5 in the manner of the comb; 6 and at least one gap 7; 8 (fig.

2). Vsakokratni zob 5; 6 je seveda identičen vsakokratni vrzeli 7; 8. Pri sestavljanju dveh sosednjih elementov 2 sodeluje vsakokratni zob 5; 6 vsakokratne stranice 3; 4 prvega elementa 2 z vsakokratno vrzeljo 7; 8 nasprotne stranice 3; 4 sosednjega elementa 2. Po prednostni izvedbi izuma je predvideno, da je tako vsakokratni zob 5; 6 kot tudi vsakokratna vrzel 7; 8 zasnovana na način, da je kot a med vsakokratnima bokoma le-teh enak ali manjši od kota samozapornosti.2). Each tooth 5; 6 is, of course, identical to the corresponding gap 7; 8. A tooth 5 is involved in the assembly of two adjacent elements 2; 6 each side 3; 4 of the first element 2 with each gap 7; 8 opposite pages 3; 4 of the adjacent element 2. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is contemplated that the respective tooth is 5; 6 as well as the respective gap 7; 8 is designed in such a way that the angle a between the two flanks thereof is equal to or less than the self-locking angle.

Niz omenjenih elementov 2 se sestavi v nosilno zgradbo 1, na primer gredo, tram ali podobno, tako da zobje 5 prve stranice 3 prvega elementa 2 primejo v vrzeli 8 druge stranice 4 sosednjega elementa 2 in zobje 6 druge stranice 4 prvega elementa primejo v vrzeli 7 prve stranice 3 sosednjega elementa 2. Tako sestavljene elemente 2 se potisne drugega proti drugemu, da omenjeni zobje 5; 6 trdno sedejo v vrzeli 7; 8 in zaradi omenjene samozapornosti zagotovijo dobro medsebojno silosklepno povezavo.The set of said elements 2 is assembled into a supporting structure 1, for example, a beam, a beam or the like, so that the teeth 5 of the first side 3 of the first element 2 are caught in the gap 8 of the second side 4 of the adjacent element 2 and the teeth 6 of the second side 4 of the first element are stuck in the gaps 7 of the first page 3 of the adjacent element 2. The elements 2 thus assembled are pushed against each other such that said teeth 5; 6 sit firmly in gap 7; 8, and due to said self-locking, they provide a good silo locking.

Dalje je po izumu predvideno, da se med vsakokraten zob 5; 6 in vsakokratno vrzel 7; 8 vnese plast adhezivnega sredstva, s čimer se s pomočjo te dodatne materialnosklepne zveze dodatno izboljša trdnost omenjene silosklepne povezave. Omenjeno materialnosklepno povezavo s pomočjo adhezijskega sredstva se izvede bodisi pri okoliški temperaturi ali s pomočjo dovajanja toplote.It is further contemplated according to the invention that between each tooth 5; 6 and the respective gap 7; 8 introduces a layer of adhesive agent, which further improves the strength of said silo-joint connection by means of this additional material-joint connection. Said material-bonding by means of an adhesive agent is carried out either at ambient temperature or by heat supply.

Po medsebojni spojitvi sestavnih elementov 2 omenjena zgradba 1 zavzame končno obliko, v predstavljenem izvedbenem primeru pravokotnik. Omenjena zgradba 1 je v svojem sredinskem območju, gledano z vsakokratne čelne strani, in po svoji celotni dolžini zasnovana z luknjo 9, ki je z obeh čelnih strani izbiroma zaprta s čepom 10. Poleg tega je vsakokratni čelni konec izbiroma zaščiten s ščitnikom 11, pri čemer je povezava med omenjenim čelnim koncem zgradbe 1 in ščitnikom 11 bodisi materialnosklepna in/ali silosklepna.After connecting the constituent elements 2, said structure 1 takes the final shape, in the embodiment shown, a rectangle. Said structure 1 is, in its central region, viewed from each front face and, along its entire length, designed by a hole 9, which is optionally closed by a pin 10. In addition, each front end is optionally protected by a shield 11, at wherein the connection between said front end of building 1 and shield 11 is either material and / or silo.

Čeprav je izvedbeni primer zgradbe 1 osnovan na sestavnih elementih 2, ki so izdelani iz lesa, je po predlaganem izumu omenjeni element 2 lahko izdelan iz poljubnega materiala, na primer umetne snovi, kovine in podobno. Tudi omenjeni ščitnik 11 je izdelan iz poljubnega materiala, na primer umetne snovi, kovine in podobno, in na čelni konec zgradbe 1 bodisi nataknjen, nakrčen, nalit in podobno. Omenjeni ščitnik 11 je proti neželenemu snetju s čelnega konca zgradbe 1 izbiroma dodatno varovan s pomočjo adhezij skega sredstva in/ali mehanskega varovala, na primer zatiča, vijaka in podobno.Although the embodiment of building 1 is based on wood-made constituent elements 2, according to the present invention, said element 2 can be made of any material, such as plastics, metals and the like. Said shield 11 is also made of any material, such as plastics, metals, and the like, and is either tucked, shrunk, poured and the like on the front end of building 1. Said shield 11 is optionally further protected against unwanted removal from the front end of building 1 by means of an adhesive agent and / or mechanical guard, such as a pin, screw and the like.

Claims (5)

Patentni zahtevkiPatent claims 1. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba (1) v obliki trama, grede in podobno, značilna po tem, da obsega niz vsaj treh ozobljenih dolžinsko intezivnih sestavnih elementov (2), ki soAn improved supporting structure (1) in the form of beams, beams and the like, characterized in that it comprises a series of at least three gear-length component members (2) which are 5 medsebojno spojeni v smislu spoja pero-utor.5 interconnected in terms of a pen-groove joint. 2. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba po zahtevku 1, značilna po tem, da je omenjeni dolžinsko intezivni sestavni element (2) v prečnem prerezu zasnovan kot poligon, katerega vsaj ena stranica (3; 4), ki je obrnjena k sosednjemu sestavnemu elementu (2), je na način io glavnika vsakokrat opremljena z vsaj enim zobom (5; 6) in vsaj eno vrzeljo (7; 8).Improved load-bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said length-intensive constituent element (2) in cross-section is designed as a polygon having at least one side (3; 4) facing the adjacent constituent element (2) , in the manner io of the comb, is each provided with at least one tooth (5; 6) and at least one gap (7; 8). 3. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba po zahtevkih 1 in 2, značilna po tem, da je omenjeni medsebojni spoj v smislu pero-utor zasnovan kot silosklepen in materialnosklepen spoj.An improved load-bearing structure according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said interconnect in the sense of a feather-groove is designed as a silo and material joint. 4. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba po zahtevkih 1 do 3, značilna po tem, da je vsakokratni zob (5; 6) identičen vsakokratni vrzeli (7; 8)., pri čemer vsakokratni zob (5; 6) vsakokratne stranice (3; 4) prvega elementa (2) sodeluje z vsakokratno vrzeljo (7; 8) nasprotne stranice (3; 4) sosednjega elementa (2).Improved support structure according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the respective tooth (5; 6) is identical to the respective gap (7; 8), wherein the respective tooth (5; 6) is of the respective side (3; 4) of the first element (2) cooperates with each gap (7; 8) of the opposite side (3; 4) of the adjacent element (2). 5. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba po zahtevkih 1 do 4, značilna po tem, da je tako vsakokratni zob (5; 6) kot tudi vsakokratna vrzel (7; 8) zasnovana na način, da je kot (a) med vsakokratnima bokoma le-teh enak ali manjši od kota samozapomosti.Improved load-bearing structure according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that both the tooth (5; 6) and the gap (7; 8) are designed in such a way that the angle (a) between the respective flanks thereof equal to or less than the angle of self-reference. 25 6. Izboljšana nosilna zgradba po zahtevkih 1 do 5, značilna po tem, da je vsakokratni čelni konec zgradbe (1) zaščiten s ščitnikom (11), pri čemer je njuna povezava zasnovana bodisi materialnosklepno in/ali silosklepno.6. Improved load-bearing structure according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each front end of the structure (1) is protected by a shield (11), the connection of which is designed either materially and / or siloically.
SI201400009A 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Improved carrying structure SI24604A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201400009A SI24604A (en) 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Improved carrying structure
EP14172857.6A EP2894271A1 (en) 2014-01-08 2014-06-18 Enhanced support structure

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SI201400009A SI24604A (en) 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Improved carrying structure

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2348345A1 (en) * 1976-04-16 1977-11-10 Chambriard Ets Paul Hollow post fitted and stuck together - is made of four wooden planks with zigzag grooved and notched edges
NL8004909A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-04-01 Petrus Johannus Maria Meegdes Glued hollow wooden structure - comprises strips with teeth at gluing points, without nails
FI2181U1 (en) * 1995-09-21 1995-11-17 Risto Heikki Pitkaenen Aemne Foer framstaellning av en lim- och limbalksskiva
SE511577C2 (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-10-25 Aelvsbyhus Ab Process for the manufacture of elongated articles and articles made according to the procedure
FR2812317B1 (en) * 2000-07-31 2002-10-11 Martial Malvy HOLLOW BEAM AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SAID BEAM

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