SI24213A

SI24213A - Overvoltage protection module

Info

Publication number: SI24213A
Application number: SI201200318A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Nejc BoĹˇkoviÄŤ; Marko TomĹˇiÄŤ
Original assignee: Razvojni Center Enem Novi Materiali D.O.O.
Priority date: 2012-10-24
Filing date: 2012-10-24
Publication date: 2014-04-30
Also published as: EP2725588B1; PT2725588E; HRP20160582T1; ES2574202T3; DK2725588T3; HUE027576T2; SMT201600170B; SI2725588T1; CY1117597T1; PL2725588T3; RS54797B1; EP2725588A1

Abstract

Izum sodi v področje naprav za energetsko prenapetostno zaščito, bolj natančno v področje modulov z varistorjem in sistemom za sprožitev kratkega stika ob pojavu prenapetosti ali povišane napetosti v omrežju. Prenapetostni zaščitni modul značilen po tem, da se ob nastanku prenapetosti zaradi segrevanja varistorja (2) segreje topljivi material v batu (3), kar sprosti prednapeto vzmet (5), ki potisne ploščico (4) do stene ohišja (t) in ustvari kratek stik med napajalnima sponkama (1 a in 8a).The invention belongs to the field of devices for energy surge protection, more precisely in the field of modules with a varistor and a system for triggering a short-circuit when an overvoltage occurs or an increased voltage in the network. The overvoltage protection module is characterized in that the soluble material in the piston (3) is heated in the event of an overvoltage due to heating of the varistor (2), which releases the prestressed spring (5) which pushes the plate (4) to the wall of the housing (t) and creates a short contact between the power terminals (1a and 8a).

Description

PRENAPETOSTNI ZAŠČITNI MODULVOLTAGE PROTECTION MODULE

Področje tehnikeThe field of technology

Izum sodi v področje naprav za energetsko prenapetostno zaščito, bolj natančno v področje modulov z varistorjem in sistemom za sprožitev kratkega stika ob pojavu prenapetosti v omrežju.The invention belongs to the field of devices for energy surge protection, more specifically to the field of modules with varistor and a system for short-circuiting in the event of a surge in the network.

Tehnični problemA technical problem

Tehnični problem, ki je s pričujočim izumom rešen, je konstrukcijska rešitev zanesljivega in hitrega delovanja modula prenapetostne zaščite z varistorjem, ki s pregrevanjem sprožilnega elementa ustvari kratek stik. Električne napeljave v domovih, šolah, bolnicah, industrijskih obratih, pisarnah, elektrarnah in podobnih mestih, navkljub zaščiti proti streli, so lahko obremenjene s kratkotrajnimi visokimi napetostmi, kar lahko uniči naprave in aparature, ki so priključene v omrežje. Zaščito teh naprav je možno narediti z vgradnjo preobremenilnih modulov, ki prestrežejo visoke napetosti in izklopijo napajalno napetost.A technical problem that is solved by the present invention is a structural solution to the reliable and fast operation of the overvoltage protection module with a varistor, which creates a short circuit by overheating the trigger element. Electrical installations in homes, schools, hospitals, industrial plants, offices, power plants and similar places, despite lightning protection, can be burdened with short-term high voltages, which can destroy devices and appliances connected to the network. The protection of these devices can be done by installing overload modules that intercept high voltages and turn off the power supply.

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Poznane so raznovrstne oblike prenapetostnih modulov, ki so zasnovani na delovanju varistorja. V EP 1 798 742 A1 je opisan prenapetostni zaščitni element z metalno ploščico varistorja in topljiv člen, ki naredi stik v primeru toplotne preobremenitve. Rešitev je zasnovana na spajki stisnjeni okrog notranjega bata, ki se v primeru toplotne preobremenitve varistorja segreje, spajka se stali in steče z bata na dno ohišja in s tem ustvari kratek stik med ohišjem in notranjim batom, kar deluje kot kratkostični most. Ta rešitev je najbližja rešitvi po izumu s tem, da segrevanje varistorja v rešitvi EP 1 798 742 A1 sproži kratek stik med notranjim batom in dnom modula, po izumu pa se zaradi taljenja dveh blokirnih elementov iz topljivega materiala, sprosti vzmet, ki potisne ploščico do stene ohišja in s tem naredi kratek stik.Various forms of overvoltage modules are known which are based on varistor operation. EP 1 798 742 A1 describes an overvoltage protection element with a varistor metal plate and a soluble member which makes contact in the event of thermal overload. The solution is based on a solder compressed around the inner piston, which in the event of thermal overload of the varistor warms up, the solder melts and flows from the piston to the bottom of the housing, thus creating a short circuit between the housing and the inner piston, which acts as a short-circuited bridge. This solution is closest to the solution of the invention in that the heating of the varistor in solution EP 1 798 742 A1 triggers a short contact between the inner piston and the bottom of the module, and, according to the invention, a spring is released due to the melting of two blocking elements of soluble material. the walls of the case and thus make a short circuit.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problemaDescription of solution to a technical problem

Bistvo prenapetostnega zaščitnega modula po izumu je v konstrukcijski obliki dela za vzpostavljanje kratkega stika, ko se varistor segreje zaradi prisotnosti prenapetostne obremenitve.The point of an overvoltage protection module according to the invention is in the structural form of a part for short circuit when the varistor is heated due to the presence of an overvoltage load.

Prenapetostni zaščitni modul po izumu bo v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisan s pomočjo slik, ki kažejo:The overvoltage protection module according to the invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of figures showing:

Slika 1 - Sestav prenapetostnega zaščitnega modulaFigure 1 - Assembly of the overvoltage protection module

Slika 2 - Bat 31 s ploščico 41 in vzmetjo 51Figure 2 - Piston 31 with plate 41 and spring 51

Prenapetostni zaščitni modul je sestavljen iz ohišja 1, ki je oblike votlega kvadra z valjastim navojnim nastavkom 1a. Na dnu ohišja 1 je varistor 2, nad katerim je bat 3 z izvrtinami 3a in 3b na dveh vzporednih stranicah, med katerima je premična stranica v obliki ploščice 4. Premična stranica 4 ima na zgornjem robu izvrtini 4a in 4b ter dve luknji 4c na stranskih robovih. Na notranji strani ploščice 4 je nosilec vzmeti 5, ki je stisnjena tako, da je zunanji del ploščice 4 poravnan z zunanjima roboma bata 3. V izvrtini 3a in 3b ter vzporednima izvrtinama 4a in 4b se vlije ali vtisne topljiv material. Ploščica 7, na katero je pritrjena fleksibilna pletenica 6, je pritrjena z vijakoma 7a in 7b v izvrtinah 4a in 4b. Bat 3 je zaprt z batom 8, ki ima valjast nastavek 8a, in je hkrati tudi druga priklopna sponka. Na valjastem nastavku 8a bata 8 je nameščeno pravokotno izolacijsko telo 9, ki ima eno steno izrezano, kar omogoča ploščici 4 stik s steno ohišja 1 v primeru prenapetosti na varistorju 2. Telo 9 skupaj z varistorjem 2, batom 3 s ploščico 4, pletenico 6 na ploščici 7 in batom 8 sestavom potiska do dna ohišja 1 vzmet 10, ki jo stiska pokrov 11 z okroglo luknjo 11a za nastavek 8a.The overvoltage protection module consists of a housing 1, which is a hollow square shape with a cylindrical threaded attachment 1a. At the bottom of the housing 1 is a varistor 2, above which is a piston 3 with holes 3a and 3b on two parallel sides, between which a movable side is in the form of a tile 4. The movable side 4 has holes 4a and 4b at the upper edge and two holes 4c on the side the edges. On the inside of the plate 4 is a spring carrier 5 which is compressed so that the outer part of the plate 4 is aligned with the outer edges of the piston 3. In the bore 3a and 3b and the parallel bore 4a and 4b, soluble material is poured or stamped. The plate 7 to which the flexible cable 6 is attached is secured by screws 7a and 7b in holes 4a and 4b. The piston 3 is closed by a piston 8 having a cylindrical nozzle 8a and is also the second coupling clip. The cylindrical extension 8a of the piston 8 has a rectangular insulating body 9 having one wall cut out, which enables the tile 4 to contact the wall of the housing 1 in case of overvoltage on the varistor 2. The body 9 together with the varistor 2, the piston 3 with the plate 4, the braid 6 on the plate 7 and piston 8, the assembly is pushed to the bottom of the housing 1 by a spring 10, which is squeezed by the lid 11 with a round hole 11a for the nozzle 8a.

Bat 3 ima več izvrtin na dveh vzporednih stranicah kot tudi eno ali več izvrtin na spodnjem delu bata 3. Premična stranica 4 na zgornjem robu ima dve ali več izvrtin ter dve luknji ali več lukenj na stranskih robovih in/ali luknjo na spodnji strani.The piston 3 has several holes on two parallel sides as well as one or more holes on the bottom of the piston 3. The movable side 4 on the upper edge has two or more holes and two holes or more holes on the side edges and / or a hole on the bottom side.

V primeru pojava prenapetosti ali povišane napetosti v omrežju, se varistor 2 segreje, kar segreva tudi bat 3 ter material v soležnih izvrtinah 3a in 4a in izvrtinah 3b in 4b.In case of overvoltage or high voltage in the mains, varistor 2 heats up, which also warms the piston 3 and the material in the bore holes 3a and 4a and holes 3b and 4b.

Zmehčan material v soležnih izvrtinah 3a in 4a in izvrtinah 3b in 4b ne more več zadrževati sile prednapete vzmeti 5, zaradi česar se prednapeta vzmet 5 sprosti in potisne kratkostično ploščico 4 v steno ohišja 1. Kratkostična ploščica 4 je z batom 3 povezana preko fleksibilne pletenice 6, preko katere steče tok na kratkostično ploščico 4 ter posledično na steno ohišja 1 in naredi kratek stik.The softened material in the bore holes 3a and 4a and the boreholes 3b and 4b can no longer withstand the force of the prestressed spring 5, which causes the prestressed spring 5 to release and push the short circuit 4 into the wall of the housing 1. The short circuit 4 is connected to the piston 3 via a flexible cable 6 through which the current flows to the short circuit 4 and subsequently to the wall of the housing 1 and makes a short circuit.

Prenapetostni zaščitni modul deluje tako, da se ob nastanku prenapetosti ali povišane napetosti zaradi segrevanja varistorja 2 segreje topljivi material v batu 3, kar sprosti prenapeto vzmet 5, ki potisne ploščico 4 do stene ohišja 1 in ustvari kratek stik med napajalnima sponkama 1a in 8a.The overvoltage protection module works by heating the soluble material in the piston 3 when overvoltage or overvoltage occurs due to overheating of the varistor 2, which releases the overvoltage spring 5 which pushes the plate 4 to the wall of the housing 1 and creates a short circuit between the power terminals 1a and 8a.

Prenapetostni zaščitni modul po varianti I ima v notranjosti ohišja 1 varistor 2, nad katerim je bat 31 s premično ploščico 41. Pravokotno na ploščici 41 je valjast nastavek 41 a, na katerem je vzmet 51. Ploščica 41 z vzmetjo 51 je nameščena v steno 31 a bata 31 in fiksirana s topljivim materialom 12. Z materialom 12 je fiksirana oz. blokirana vzmet 51.The overvoltage protection module according to variant I has inside the housing 1 a varistor 2, above which is a piston 31 with a movable plate 41. Perpendicular to the plate 41 is a cylindrical attachment 41 a, on which a spring 51. A plate 41 with a spring 51 is mounted in the wall 31 a piston 31 and fixed with soluble material 12. With material 12 it is fixed or. blocked spring 51.

V primeru pojava prenapetosti ali povišane napetosti v omrežju se modul po varianti I zaradi segrevanja varistorja 2 segreje tudi bat 31 ter material 12, kar sprosti prednapeto vzmet 51, ki potisne kratkostično ploščico 41 v steno ohišja in naredi kratek stik. Prenapetostni zaščitni modul po izumu je primeren zlasti za veterne in sončne elektrarne.In the event of overvoltage or overvoltage in the network, the module according to variant I, due to the heating of varistor 2, also warms the piston 31 and the material 12, which releases a prestressed spring 51 which pushes the short circuit 41 into the housing wall and makes a short circuit. The overvoltage protection module according to the invention is particularly suitable for wind and solar power plants.

Claims

Patent claims

1. An overvoltage protection module is characterized by the fact that, when an overvoltage occurs due to the heating of the varistor (2), the soluble material in the piston (3) is heated, which releases a prestressed spring (5) which pushes the plate (4) to the wall of the housing (1). and creates a short circuit between the power terminals (1a and 8a).

2. An overvoltage protection module according to claim 1, characterized in that a varistor (2) is mounted on the bottom of the housing (1) above which there is a piston (3) with holes (3a and 3b) on two parallel sides, between which is movable tile-shaped side (4); that the movable side (4) has holes (4a and 4b) at the upper edge and two holes (4c) at the side edges; that on the inside of the plate (4) there is a spring carrier (5) which is compressed so that the outer part of the plate (4) is aligned with the outer edges of the piston (3); that soluble material is poured or pressed into the bore (3a and 3b) and parallel bore (4a and 4b); that the plate (7) to which the flexible braid (6) is attached is screwed in with holes (7a and 7b) in the holes (4a and 4b); that the piston (3) is closed by a piston (8) having a cylindrical nozzle (8a) which is at the same time a clamp; that a rectangular insulating body (9) is provided on the cylindrical extension (8a) of the piston (8), which has one wall cut out so that the plate (4) can reach the housing wall (1) in case of overvoltage on the varistor (2); that the body (9) together with the varistor (2), the piston (3) with the plate (4), the braid (6) on the plate (7) and the piston (8) push to the bottom of the housing (1) a spring (10) which squeezes the lid (11) with the round hole (11a) for the nozzle (8a).

A surge protection module according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (3) has more bores on two parallel sides as well as one or more bores on the lower part of the piston (3); that the movable side (4) has two or more holes at the top edge and two or more holes at the side edges and / or a hole at the bottom.

4. Surge protection module according to claim 2, characterized in that the inside of the housing (1) has a varistor (2) above which a piston (31) with a movable plate (41) has a cylindrical attachment perpendicular to the plate (41). (41a), on which is a spring (51); that the plate (41) with the spring (51) is mounted in the wall (31 a) of the piston (31) and fixed with the fusible material (12).