SI23669A - Compact system for treatment of sanitary waste water and its reuse for flushing of toilet - Google Patents

Abstract

Based on the embodiment the subject matter invention is introduced, which enables that part of the quantity from the mains network, which is used for flushing the toilet bowl, is replaced by processed grey wastewater. The processing of wastewater is performed in the tank (1), which is by a partitioning wall (1d) separated into an inlet part (1a) and an active part (1b). Inside the reactor module (1c), which is immersed inside the active part (1b) of the tank (1) organic substances are removed, while in the disinfection module (2), which is located on the side of the tank (1) the concentration level of active microorganisms is adjusted. The system of electromagnetic valves (4, 5, 6) and the level sensor (3) takes care for the controlled operation of filling and discharging the tank (1) content.

Description

COMPACT SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF SANITARY WASTE WATER AND ITS RE-USE FOR Flushing the toilet bowl

The subject of the invention is a compact reactor system for the treatment of sanitary wastewater, with a combination of an intensive biological process for the removal of organic matter and a process for regulating the concentration of microorganisms by disinfection with UV light. The treated hot water is reused to flush the toilet bowl.

The problem solved by the invention

Lack of unrivaled drinking water is a problem everywhere, compounded by population growth and higher urbanization. At the same time, the vast majority of households also consume large quantities of drinking water daily for purposes (such as flushing the toilet) where such water quality is not required. The present invention, which enables the re-use of contaminated hot water, is a solution for reducing the consumption of drinking water in households. Due to its compact design, the proposed solution is also suitable for smaller residential units.

The state of the art

The patented compact (house) systems known so far that allow the reuse of sanitary wastewater to flush the toilet bowl mainly use untreated sanitary wastewater (CN201228372, CN201190305, CN201125422), with reference to patent CN195192092 the biological treatment of sanitary wastewater in a special filter unit . Waste water generated by showering or bathing in households and public buildings contains dissolved organic substances (soap residues and personal care preparations), solids and micro-organisms. In reservoirs where sanitary wastewater is collected, microorganisms begin to decompose organic matter, multiplying uncontrollably, which can cause the stench or even clog the pipes in the flushing cistern or toilet bowl. According to the invention, this problem has been solved by the fact that the sanitary wastewater treatment system includes an intensive biological process for the removal of dissolved organic matter and the deactivation of microorganisms with UV light of a certain wavelength.

Description of the invention and embodiment

The invention will be described on the basis of an embodiment and an illustration showing:

Figure 1. Compact sanitary wastewater treatment system

The compact sanitary water treatment system is shown in Figure 1. It consists of reservoir 1, inflow part la of reservoir 1, active part lb of reservoir 1, reactor module lc, upright barrier ld, disinfection module 2, level sensor 3, solenoid valve for withdrawal of water 4, solenoid valve for water supply from water supply network 5, solenoid valve with time controller 6, open spillway 7 and vent 8. The compact system for treatment of sanitary wastewater for its reuse uses an intensive biological process for organic removal. substances present in waste water. The biological process is carried out with microorganisms attached to the carrier material. The operation of the system is based on the principle of periodic or continuous forced circulation of water through the active part 1b of reservoir 1 with the reactor module lc and the disinfection module 2.

Sanitary wastewater, with an organic matter concentration expressed as COD in the range of 10-250 mg / l, is treated in reservoir 1, which simultaneously serves as a surface or surface flusher. Tank 1 is made in the form of a sloping tank with an angle of inclination of 5 - 20 °, volume of 50 - 200 liters, made of plastic material used for classic sanitary flushing cisterns (kettles). Tank 1 is provided with an upright barrier ld, which divides the tank 1 into two portions in a volume ratio of 1: 5, with the smaller volume portion representing the inflow portion la and the larger volume portion the active portion lb of tank 1. With the upstream barrier ld being in the upper part of tank 1 is prevented from direct contact between water retained in the active part lb of tank 1 and water flowing into tank 1. In the lower part of tank 1, the distance between the bottom edge of barrier ld and the bottom of tank 1 is 4 to 10 cm. Water inlet (sanitary wastewater, abstracted water and tap water) is effected in the inlet part 1 of reservoir 1, ie the partition partition ld with a smaller volume, the water being fed below the water level retained in reservoir 1. Into the lower part of the active part 1b of reservoir 1, that is to say, in the bulk partition ld part, a reactor module lc is inserted in the form of a basket made of stainless steel mesh filled with a carrier of microorganisms. A well-defined industrial product with known mechanical and chemical properties is used as a carrier material. The carrier is based on an expanded round-shaped polymer called Mutag BioChip (Umvvelttechnologie AG, Germany), which is highly porous and therefore has a very large specific surface area of 3,000 m ² / m ³ . The latter allows a high concentration of microorganisms to be reached and multiply in the pores of the carrier in a small volume of the reactor module lc filled with the carrier material. The volume of the reactor module lc is% of the volume of the entire tank 1, and the reactor module lc is filled with the carrier to A so that the carrier particles can float in the limited volume of the reactor module lc. The tank 1 is provided in the upper part with an open overflow 7, which allows the water level in the tank 1 to be maintained and the vent 8 through which the tank 1 is vented.

On the outer wall of reservoir 1 is a disinfection module 2 with a low-pressure UV lamp of 15-20 W power, which emits UV light in the range of 180-260 nm and a pump that allows forced circulation of water during the active part of the reservoir 1 lb with the reactor module lc and a disinfection module 2, wherein the water abstraction is performed in the active portion 1b of reservoir 1 1 to 3 cm above the upper edge of the reactor module lc. When pumping water through the disinfection module 2, the microorganisms present in the water are deactivated. Since the active microorganisms are immobilized in the reactor module lc by the carrier, which retains and partially decomposes the microorganisms that enter sanitary wastewater reservoir 1, thus only a low concentration of dispersed active microorganisms is present in the circulating water in the system. . Therefore, a lower intensity or low energy consumption UV light source can be used for disinfection.

The flushing of the toilet bowl with treated water from the reservoir 1 is via a solenoid valve for water withdrawal 4 connected to a level sensor 3, which allows the selection of a defined amount of used water for one flush. The solenoid solenoid valve 4 is positioned at the inlet portion of the reservoir 1 so that water is withdrawn from the reservoir 1 at a height of 4 cm above the upper edge of the reactor module lc. Thus, the water level in the tank can only fall to a height at which the reactor module lc is still submerged in water under all operating conditions. This prevents the formation of odor in tank 1 and its spread into the surrounding area. The reservoir 1 is filled with sanitary waste water by means of an external pump when it is re-showered or bathed, with excess water flowing into the sewer system via the open overflow 7 at the top of the inlet part 1 of the reservoir 1.

If, after the cycle of water treatment and flushing of the toilet bowl, sufficient volume of waste water is not available in reservoir 1, the reservoir 1 is filled with tap water to the defined level via the level sensor system 3 and the solenoid valve for water supply from the water supply network

5. The amount of this water is sufficient to flush the toilet once with a maximum amount of water. The solids entering the wastewater reservoir 1 and the dead microorganisms accumulate in the conical lower part of the reservoir 1. Through a solenoid valve with a time controller

6, which is located in the conical part at the bottom of the inlet part 1 of reservoir 1, the sediment flushes into the sewer system at certain intervals.

The sanitary wastewater treatment and reuse system of the present invention is designed to allow compact type designs in the range of 50 to 200 liters, which can be installed in the sanitary blocks of individual housing units, either in the surface or subfloor version.

An implementation example

The embodiment is based on the results of completed tests for biological removal of organic pollution and disinfection of sanitary wastewater in the pilot system of the invention, which, by preliminary tests, determined the optimal type of material for the micro-organism carrier and the ratio of volume of tank 1 to volume of reactor module lc.

The pilot system consists of a tank 1 of transparent polyacrylate with a sloping bottom (15 cm x 60 cm x 67/55 cm) with a volume of 50 I with a submerged reactor module lc and a disinfection module 2 equipped with a UV light (low pressure Hg lamp, 254 nm, 17 W, Helios ltalquartz). The system is equipped with two peristaltic pumps, solenoid valves 4,5,6 (Jakša) and ultrasonic level sensor 3 (Echosvvitch).

The reactor module lc is a basket surrounded on all sides by a mesh of stainless material filled with a micro-organism carrier (Mutag BioChip). The volume of the reactor module lc is 'A volume of the entire tank 1 and the volume of the carrier is' A is the volume of the reactor module lc. The properties of sanitary wastewater are simulated by the defined addition of personal hygiene products (liquid soap, shower gel and shampoo) to tap water. The amount of organic pollution in sanitary wastewater is determined-based on literature data (Eriksson et al., Characteristics of Gray Wastewater, Urban Water, 2002). According to these data, the average COD (chemical oxygen demand) value of sanitary wastewater is 150 mg / l, the COD values in the embodiment being determined by the standardized analytical method (SIST ISO 6060,1989). The concentration of microorganisms in water is determined by a standardized method (ISO EN ISO 6222,1999), which gives the results as colony counts (CFU) / ml.

The monitoring of the operation of the pilot sanitary wastewater treatment system simulated the dynamics of sanitary wastewater generation in a four-member household.

Since the synthetically prepared sanitary wastewater does not contain micro-organisms, municipal wastewater was added to it in the initial phase of the tests to settle microorganisms on the carrier material in the reactor module lc. The significant difference in the measured COD values in the waste and treated water is an indication that the reactor module lc has become biologically active.

* ·

The COD value and the number of microorganisms were determined after long (2 days) retention of waste water in the system when the water circulated between reactor module lc and disinfection module 2. The COD value was 62 mg / l; this value represents the residual amount of organic pollution, which is no longer biodegradable and cannot be used by microorganisms for growth. The measured number of microorganisms in the water retained in tank 1 averaged 200 - 300 CFU / ml (the drinking water limit was 100 CFU / ml). Measurements showed that the pilot system removed organic matter up to COD = 70 mg / l and maintained the microorganism concentration at 400 CFU / ml after one hour of retention of sanitary wastewater in the system.

Pilot tests have also shown that the compact sanitary wastewater treatment system of the present invention can produce water with such properties that it is reusable for flushing the toilet bowl.

The embodiment given in the description serves to explain the invention and not to limit it.

Claims (12)

PATENT APPLICATIONS A sanitary wastewater treatment system, characterized in that it consists of: a sloping tank (1) with a slope of 5 to 20 °, in which a reactor module (lc) is mounted, containing micro-organisms attached to a specific carrier material in which dissolved organic matter is disposed of; a disinfection module (2) in which microorganisms are deactivated by irradiation with UV light; a level sensor (3) and solenoid valves (4,5,6) that control and perform filling and discharging of the system with wastewater or tap water. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the total volume of the tank (1) is in the range of 50 to 200 liters. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that a valve with a time regulator (6) is provided on the conical part of the tank (1), allowing occasional discharge of sediment from the tank (1). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir (1) at the upper part is provided with an open overflow (7), which allows maintaining the water level in the reservoir (1). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir (1) is provided with an upright barrier (ld) which divides the reservoir into two portions with a volume ratio of 1: 5, with a smaller volume portion pertaining to the inflow portion (1a) ) and a larger volume part to the active part (lb) of the reservoir (1), the upright barrier (ld) being positioned so as to prevent contact between the water retained in the active part (lb) of the reservoir (1) in the upper part of the reservoir (1). ) and water in the inlet part (1a) of the tank (1), and in the lower part of the tank (1) the distance between the bottom of the tank (1) and the lower edge of the barrier (ld) is 4 to 10 cm. System according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a reactor module (lc) is housed in the active part (lb) of the tank (1c), wherein the volumes of the tank (1) and the reactor module (lc) are in 4: 1 ratio. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor module (lc) is bounded on all sides by a mesh, preferably of stainless material, and filled with a micro-organism carrier selected from the group of expanded polymeric masses, preferably of porous round material with the Mutag BioChip designation by Umvvelttechnologie AG, with the volumes of the reactor module (lc) and the carrier materials in a 2: 1 ratio. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that a UV source is provided in the disinfection module (2), preferably a low-pressure Hg lamp that emits UV light - in the range 180 - 260 nm, with a power range of 15 - 20 W. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a pump is provided in the disinfection module (2) to allow forced circulation of water between the active part (lb) of the tank (1) and the disinfection module (2), the pump being withdrawn water from the active part (lb) of the reservoir (1) in the range of 1-3 cm above the upper edge of the reactor module (lc). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the level sensor (3) and the solenoid valve for water supply from the water supply network (5) ensure that the reservoir (1) can be filled with a defined amount of water from the water supply network. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the inflow of sanitary wastewater, the inflow of water from the water supply network and the inflow of water drawn between the reservoir (1) and the disinfection module (2) is carried out into the inflow part (la) of the reservoir (1a). 1), whereby water flows are brought to a height of 1-3 cm above the upper edge of the reactor module (lc). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum water level in the reservoir (1) is determined by placing the drainage site for flushing the toilet bowl via the solenoid valve for withdrawing water (4) 4 cm above the upper edge of the reactor module (lc).