SI23511A

SI23511A - Retroreflective traffic signs with interior lighting

Info

Publication number: SI23511A
Application number: SI201000314A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Janez Rihtar
Original assignee: Osvetljevalna Optika Janez Rihtar S.P.
Priority date: 2010-10-11
Filing date: 2010-10-11
Publication date: 2012-04-30

Abstract

The subject invention is retroreflective traffic sign with interior lighting. Traffic sign after the invention provides its own internal illumination and also retroreflection when illuminated by an external light source. Retroreflective traffic sign after the invention is characterized by the fact that the origin of the sign illumination light guide (1) placed in front retroreflective layer (5) and the overexposed image only (4) sign, with a light guide (1) transparent. Origin (2) lighting is a regular source composed of LEDs and the light is guided to the image plane (4) the symbol of the light guide (1) in the form of transparent planparalel plate, with a light guide (1) mechanical, thermal or laser engraved hollows or diffuser particles in the core or on the surface of the fiber optic cable.

Description

-1Retroreflektivni prometni znaki z notranjo osvetlitvijo-1Retroreflective traffic signs with interior lighting

Predmet izuma je retroreflektivni prometni znak z notranjo osvetlitvijo. Prometni znak po izumu omogoča lastno notranjo osvetlitev in hkrati tudi retroreflektivnost pri osvetlitvi z zunanjim virom svetlobe. Ta zunanji vir svetlobe so predvsem luči vozil v prometu.The subject of the invention is a retroreflective traffic sign with interior illumination. The traffic sign according to the invention provides its own internal illumination and at the same time also retroreflectivity in illumination with an external light source. This exterior light source is primarily the traffic lights of vehicles.

Po različnih mednarodnih predpisih in standardih, lokalno pa po Pravilniku o prometni signalizaciji in prometni opremi na javnih cestah Republike Slovenije (Uradni list RS. Št. 46/2000) mora biti površina prometnih znakov izdelana iz svetlobno odsevnih, to je retroreflektivnih materialov najmanj tipa I, razen na avtocestah in hitrih cestah, ko mora biti izdelana iz svetlobno odsevnih materialov najmanj tipa II. Poleg tega velja za določene prometne znake na vseh javnih cestah, da mora biti površina znakov izdelana iz svetlobnoodsevnih materialov najmanj tipa II. Zahteve po retrorefleksiji so določene v standardu SIST EN 12899.1(2008) in po postopku CUAP 01.06.04.According to various international regulations and standards, and locally according to the Rules on Traffic Signaling and Traffic Equipment on Public Roads of the Republic of Slovenia (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2000), the surface of traffic signs must be made of light-reflective, ie retroreflective materials of at least type I , except on motorways and expressways, when made of light-reflecting materials of at least type II. In addition, for certain road signs on all public roads, the surface of the signs must be made of light-reflecting materials of at least type II. Retro-reflection requirements are specified in SIST EN 12899.1 (2008) and CUAP 01.06.04.

Po Pravilniku o prometni signalizaciji in standardu SIST EN 12899.1 so prometni znaki lahko izdelani tudi kot znaki z lastnim virom svetlobe torej z notranjo osvetlitvijo ali osvetljeni od zunaj s stalnim svetilom nameščenim nad znakom.According to the Traffic Signaling Regulations and the SIST EN 12899.1 standard, traffic signs may also be made as signs with their own light source, ie with internal illumination or illuminated from the outside with a permanent lamp above the sign.

Prometni znaki, ki so trenutno v uporabi na slovenskih cestah so v obliki:Traffic signs currently in use on Slovenian roads are in the form of:

1) prometnega znaka s svetloboodsevno folijo tipa I,1) a traffic sign with type I reflective film,

2) prometnega znaka s svetloboodsevno folijo tipa II,2) a traffic sign with type II reflective film,

3) prometnega znaka z lastnim zunanjim virom svetlobe in s svetloboodsevno folijo tipa I,3) a traffic sign with its own external light source and type I reflective film,

4) prometnega znaka z lastnim notranjim virom svetlobe.4) a traffic sign with its own internal light source.

Prometni znaki so namenjeni prikazovanju sporočil udeležencem v prometu.Traffic signs are intended for displaying messages to road users.

Udeležence v prometu lahko delimo na udeležence, ki imajo lasten vir svetlobe, to je vozila, in na udeležence brez lastnega vira svetlobe, to so pešci, kolesarji.Traffic participants can be divided into participants who have their own light source, ie vehicles, and those without their own light source, ie pedestrians, cyclists.

-2Prvi dve obliki znakov 1) in 2) ustrezata potrebam vozil, a sta za pešce neuporabne.-2The first two forms of signs 1) and 2) meet the needs of vehicles but are not usable for pedestrians.

Neosvetljenega znaka prehod za pešce (III-6) pešci ponoči ne vidijo.The pedestrian crossing (III-6) is not visible by pedestrians at night.

Splošno uporabni za vse udeležence v prometu sta obliki znakov 3) in 4).Generally applicable to all road users are the characters 3) and 4).

Znake z lastnim virom svetlobe na cestah opazimo še predenjih osvetlimo z žarometi.Signs with their own light source on the roads can be seen before they are illuminated with headlights.

Prometni znaki navedeni pod 3) z lastnim zunanjim virom svetlobe delujejo na podlagi odboja svetlobe od znakovnega sporočila nalepljenega s svetloboodsevno folijo tipa I na nesvetleč pano. Znak je osvetljen z raflektorskim svetilom nameščenim na nosilcu iznad znaka. Ta oblika znakov ima naslednje slabosti: osvetljenost je izjemno neenakomerna po celotni površini znaka, svetilnost svetila mora biti visoka zaradi osvetljenosti pod kotom saj le del svetlobnega snopa pade na znak, umazanija, ki se nabere na znak, zmanjša odbojnost folije in s tem odbiti del svetlobe.The traffic signs referred to in 3) with their own external light source act on the basis of the reflection of light from a sign message affixed with a type I light reflective film onto a non-glossy panel. The sign is illuminated by a reflector lamp mounted on a carrier above the sign. This form of sign has the following disadvantages: the illumination is extremely uneven over the entire surface of the sign; of light.

Prometni znaki navedeni pod 4) z lastnim notranjim virom svetlobe delujejo tako, daje znakovno sporočilo, ki je nameščeno na sprednji - transparentni strani ohišja, presvetljeno s svetlobnim virom, ki se nahajajo v notranjosti.The traffic signs mentioned under 4) with their own internal light source work in such a way that the sign message is placed on the front - transparent side of the housing, illuminated by the light source located inside.

V primeru okvare svetlobnega vira znak ne deluje niti kot znak oblike 1), če ni znakovno sporočilo izvedeno z retroreflektivno folijo. Retroreflektivni prometni znaki z notranjo osvetlitvijo združijo prednosti točke 2) in 4), zato so najboljša rešitev.In the event of a failure of the light source, the sign does not even act as a sign of Form 1) unless the sign message is executed with a retroreflective film. Retro-reflective road signs with interior lighting combine the advantages of 2) and 4), so they are the best solution.

Pri osvetljevanju znakov z notranjo osvetlitvijo je kot svetlobni vir v možnih več tehnologij:In interior lighting, as a light source, several technologies are possible:

- elektroluminiscenca,- electroluminescence,

- votli svetlobni vodniki z uporabo 3M OLF folije in- hollow light conductors using 3M OLF film and

- trdninski svetlobni vodniki.- solid light conductors.

Uporaba elektroluminiscence je opisana v večih patentih:The use of electroluminescence is described in several patents:

- Electroluminescent traffic sign GB2405022 (A); 2005-02-16- Electroluminescent traffic sign GB2405022 (A); 2005-02-16

- Self light-emitting retroreflective sheet US6166856 2000-12-26- Self light-emitting retroreflective sheet US6166856 2000-12-26

- Reflecting and luminous layered material US53154911994-05-24- Reflecting and luminous layered material US53154911994-05-24

Ti patenti opisujejo retroreflektivne znake z notranjo osvetlitvijo, ki za notranjo osvetlitev uporabljajo elektroluminiscenčne sloje. Elektroluminiscenca ima razmeroma nizko življenjsko dobo.These patents describe retro-reflective signs with interior illumination using electroluminescent layers for interior illumination. Electroluminescence has a relatively low lifespan.

-3Naslednja možnost je izvedba z votlim svetlobnimh vodnikom in 3M OLF folijo, ki je opisana v patentu Illuminated retroreflective sign EP1657694; 2006-05-17;-3The following is an embodiment with a hollow light guide and 3M OLF foil as described in Illuminated retroreflective sign EP1657694; 2006-05-17;

Najpogostejša rešitev je z uporabo trdninskih svetlobnih vodnikov. Jedro je ploščat svetlobni vodnik - svetlobno prevodna plošča, ki je napajana s svetlobo iz linijskega izvora svetlobe, prislonjenega k robu plošče (edge lit panel). S primemo obdelavo svetlobno prevodne plošče svetloba izstopa enekomemo po celotni površini svetlobnega vodnika. Linijski izvori so polprevodniški - LED.The most common solution is to use solid light conductors. The core is a flat light guide - a light conductive panel that is powered by light from an in-line source of light leaning against the edge of the panel (edge lit panel). By treating the light-conducting plate, the light exits encompassed over the entire surface of the light guide. Line sources are semiconductor - LED.

Prednost takšnega osvetljevanja je v izjemno enakomernem izstopnem svetlobnem toku svetlost je po celotni površini ploskve enaka, zato je znak bolje viden in prepoznaven . Znak je tudi tanjši, trdnejši in ima dolgo življenjsko dobo.The advantage of such illumination is that in the extremely uniform light output, the brightness is the same throughout the surface of the surface, making the sign better visible and recognizable. The sign is also thinner, firmer and has a long lifespan.

Nekateri patenti iz tega področja:Some patents in this field:

- Traffic sign JP2004116163, 2004-04-15,- Traffic sign JP2004116163, 2004-04-15,

- Traffic sign W02009119927 2009-10-01,- Traffic sign W02009119927 2009-10-01,

- Optical film traffic sign US2009109060 2009-04-30;- Optical movie traffic sign US2009109060 2009-04-30;

Primer prometnih znakov, ki so retroreflektivni tipa III, in za notranjo osvetlitev uporabljajo trdninske svetlobne vodnike so izdelki podjetja Elumin8, LMG International Ltd, in izdelki podjetja GGsistemi d.o.o..Examples of type III retro-reflective traffic signs using solid light conductors for interior illumination are the products of Elumin8, LMG International Ltd, and GGsistemi d.o.o.

Retroreflektivni prometni znaki z notranjo osvetlitvijo pa imajo tudi slabosti.Retro-reflective road signs with interior lighting also have disadvantages.

Fizikalni princip, na podlagi katerega deluje retrorefleksija, je odboj svetlobe na pravilni geometrijsko določeni strukturi po zakonih geometrijske optike. Struktura retroreflektivnih materialov je v obliki drobnih kroglic ali prizem. Problem je v tem, da takšne retroreflektivne geometrijske strukture ne prepuščajo svetlobe, torej se jih ne da presvetliti.The physical principle underlying retroreflection is the reflection of light on the correct geometrically determined structure according to the laws of geometric optics. The structure of retroreflective materials is in the form of tiny beads or prisms. The problem is that such retroreflective geometric structures do not transmit light, so they cannot be illuminated.

Nemogoče je izdelati material, ki je hkrati retroreflektiven in prepušča svetlobo. Z večanjem svetlobne prepustnosti manjšamo stopnjo retrorefleksije in obratno.It is impossible to produce a material that is both retroreflective and transmits light. By increasing the light transmittance, the degree of retroreflection decreases and vice versa.

Proizvajalci kot 3M, Nikkalite, Avery-Denison izdelujejo retroreflektivne materiale v obliki samolepilne folije. Problem rešujejo tako, da neprozorna struktura ne zasede celotne površine folije. Območja z neprozorno strukturo so združena v majhne celice, ki so nanizane v določenem rastru po površini. Med celicami je območje, ki je svetlobo propustno, in služiManufacturers like 3M, Nikkalite, Avery-Denison make retroreflective materials in the form of self-adhesive foil. The problem is solved so that the opaque structure does not occupy the entire surface of the foil. Areas with an opaque structure are grouped into small cells that are strung in a specific raster across the surface. Between the cells is an area that is light-transmitting and serves

-4presvetljevanju znakovnega sporočila. Taki materiali so imenovani translucentne retroreflektivne folije, na primer 3M DG³ W4090T. Po podatkih proizvajalcev je svetlobna prepustnost translucentnih retroreflektivnih folij majhna, na primer 3M DG³ W4090T je 30 %. Patenti na podlagi katerih so zgrajene retroreflektivne folije so:-4 highlighting a character message. Such materials are called translucent retroreflective films, for example 3M DG ³ W4090T. According to the manufacturers, the light transmittance of translucent retro-reflective films is low, for example 3M DG ³ W4090T is 30%. The patents on which retro-reflective films are constructed are:

- US5122902 BENSTON GERALD- US5122902 BENSTON GERALD

- US4005538 TUNG CHI FANG.- US4005538 TUNG CHI FANG.

Slabostim retroreflektivnih folij se izognemo tako, da ne presvetlimo retroreflektivnega sloja, ampak je izvor svetlobe postavljen pred retroreflektivni sloj. Presvetljuje se samo sliko znaka. Izvor svetlobe je transparenten, da ne kvari stopnje retrorefleksije.The disadvantages of retroreflective films are avoided so that the retroreflective layer is not illuminated, but the light source is placed in front of the retroreflective layer. Only the image of the sign is illuminated. The light source is transparent so as not to impair the degree of retroreflection.

Podobna rešitev je opisana v dveh patentih:A similar solution is described in two patents:

Electroluminescent traffic sign GB2405022 (A); 2005-02-16 avtorjev AU WAI HUNG; LEUNG PO WANG LARRY. Izvor svetlobe je elektroluminiscenčni sloj v obliki mreže - satja pred retroreflektivno plastjo. Stopnja retrorefleksije se zmanjša, ker netransparentno elektroluminiscenčno satje zasloni del površine retroreflektivnega sloja..Electroluminescent traffic sign GB2405022 (A); 2005-02-16 by AU WAI HUNG; LEUNG BY WANG LARRY. The light source is an electroluminescent layer in the form of a mesh - honeycomb in front of a retroreflective layer. The degree of retroreflection is reduced because the non-transparent electroluminescent honeycomb screens part of the surface of the retroreflective layer.

V patentu Conspicuity marking system WO 9727423; 1997-07-31 avtorjev BENSON OLESTER JR; LUNDIN DAVID J, je s trdninskim svetlobnim vodnikom dovedena svetloba pred retroreflektivni sloj. Del svetlobnega vodnika je v optičnem stiku z retroreflektivno plastjo zato svetloba preide skozi optični stik iz vodnika v retroreflektivni sloj in se v tem sloju odbije tako, da presvetli znak. Problem rešitve je, daje porazdelitev svetlobnega toka, ki izhaja iz znaka, močnejša v tangencialni smeri kot v normalni smeri, kar je neugodno.In the Conspicuity marking system patent WO 9727423; 1997-07-31 by BENSON OLESTER JR; LUNDIN DAVID J, a solid light guide is applied to the light in front of the retroreflective layer. Part of the light guide is in optical contact with the retroreflective layer, so light passes through the optical contact from the conductor to the retroreflective layer and is reflected in this layer by illuminating the sign. The problem with the solution is that the distribution of the light flux emanating from the sign is stronger in the tangential direction than in the normal direction, which is unfavorable.

Naloga in cilj izuma je takšna konstrukcija prometnih znakov z notranjo osvetlitvijo in hkratno retroreflektivnostjo, ki ne bo imela pomanjkljivost znanih rešitev, in bo torej znak hkrati notranje osvetljen in bo imel visoko stopnjo retrorefleksije.The object and object of the invention is such construction of traffic signs with internal illumination and simultaneous retroreflectivity, which will not have the disadvantage of known solutions, and therefore the sign will be internally illuminated and will have a high degree of retroreflection.

Naloga izuma je rešena z retroreflektivnim prometnim znakom z notranjo osvetlitvijo po neodvisnem patentnem zahtevku.The object of the invention is solved by a retroreflective traffic sign with interior illumination according to an independent claim.

Retroreflektivni prometni znaki z notranjo osvetlitvijo, ki so predmet tega izuma uporabljajo svetlobne vodnike transparentnega tipa, opisane v patentu Transparentna ploskovna svetila SI 21474A avtorja J. Rihtar. Svetlobni vodnik je postavljen pred retroreflektivni sloj in za slikoRetro-reflective traffic signs with interior illumination, which are the subject of the present invention, use transparent light guide lines described in the patent Transparent Plane Lights SI 21474A by J. Rihtar. The light guide is placed in front of the retro-reflective layer and behind the image

-5prometnega sporočila-5 traffic message

Izum bo opisan na izvedbenih primerih s pomočjo slik, ki prikazujejo: Slika 1: Prikazani so sloji, ki nastopajo v zgradbi znaka Tipa 1.The invention will be described in embodiments by means of figures showing: Figure 1: Layers appearing in the structure of a Type 1 character are shown.

Slika 2: Prikazani so sloji, ki nastopajo v zgradbi znaka Tipa 2.Figure 2: Layers appearing in the structure of a Type 2 character.

Slika 3: Prerez znaka Tip 1.Figure 3: Type 1 cross section.

Slika 4: Prerez znaka Tip 2.Figure 4: Type 2 cross section.

Zgradba znaka je sledeča:The building of the sign is as follows:

Tip 1:Type 1:

Prerez znaka Tip 1 po sliki 3 prikazuje strukturo s svetlobnim vodnikom 1, ki je sestavljen iz plašča 12 in jedra 11, sliko 4 znaka, retroreilektivne sloj 5 v obliki folije in hrbtne plošče 7.Cross-section of the Type 1 sign according to Figure 3 shows a structure with a light guide 1 consisting of a sheath 12 and a core 11, a figure 4 of the sign, a film-backing layer 5 and a back plate 7.

Med vodnikom 1 in sliko znaka 4 je prozorna lepilna plast 6 in LED svetilni modul kot linijski svetlobni izvor 2 sestavljen iz svetlečih diod. Prikazanje primer poti svetlobnega žarka 13 iz notranjega vira, to je izvora 2 po vodniku 1 in žarkov 14 iz zunanjega vira.Between the conductor 1 and the figure 4, the transparent adhesive layer 6 and the LED light module as a line light source 2 consist of light emitting diodes. Showing an example of the path of light beam 13 from an internal source, that is, source 2 following conductor 1 and beam 14 from an external source.

Jedro znaka je ploščat svetlobni vodnik 1, ki je sestoji iz sredice 11, po kateri potuje svetloba, in plašča 12 z nižjim lomnim količnikom kot je lomni količnik sredice 11. Po plašču 12 svetloba ne potuje. Oblika plošče svetlobnega vodnika 1 ustreza obliki znaka, ki je lahko okrogla, kvadratna, pravokotna, osmerokotna.The core of the sign is a flat light guide 1, consisting of a core 11 through which light travels, and a sheath 12 with a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the core 11. No light travels through the sheath 12. The shape of the light guide plate 1 corresponds to the shape of a sign that can be round, square, rectangular, octagonal.

Na zunanji ploskvi svetlobnega vodnika 1 je na plašč 12 nanešeno sporočiloa slika 4 znaka z barvami in oblikami določenimi v pravilniku. To je lahko izvedeno s postopkom tiska ali s samolepilno folijo na primer 3M EC film.On the outer face of the light guide 1, a message 4 is shown on the cover 12 with the colors and shapes specified in the policy. This can be done using a printing process or with a self-adhesive foil such as a 3M EC film.

Svetloba se sipa iz svetlobnega vodnika 1 zaradi odboja na vdolbinah ali na delcih difuzorja v sredici 11 svetlobnega vodnika 1.Light is shed from light conductor 1 to reflect on recesses or on diffuser particles in the center 11 of light conductor 1.

Na hrbtni ploskvi svetlobnega vodnika 1 je na plašč 12 prilepljena retroreflektivna folija 5 s prozornim lepilom 6 v obliki prozorne dvostranske samolepilne folije. Vse skupaj je potem pritrjeno na nosilno podlago 7 iz krivljene aluminijaste pločevine. Nosilna podlaga 7 je oblikovana tako, da omogoča pritijevanje znaka na nosilni drog s standardnim okovjem.On the back surface of the light guide 1, a retroreflective film 5 with transparent adhesive 6 in the form of a transparent double-sided adhesive film is glued to the case 12. The whole is then attached to a support base 7 made of curved aluminum sheet. The support base 7 is designed to allow the sign to be fastened to a support bar with standard mounting.

Pri prehodu svetlobe skozi planparalelno ploskev svetlobnega vodnika 1 se zmanjša stopnja retrorefleksije zaradi dušenja v snovi in zaradi sipanja na vdolbinah ali difuzorju. Ker jeThe passage of light through the plane-parallel plane of light guide 1 reduces the degree of retroreflection due to the damping in the substance and due to scattering on the wells or diffuser. Because it is

-6dušenje v snovi svetlobnega vodnika 1 majhno in je ploskovna koncentracija vdolbin ali difuzorja v vodniku pod 5%, se stopnja retrorefleksije ohranja do te mere, da zanak še vedno ustreza standardom.-6damping in the material of the light guide 1 is small and the planar concentration of the wells or diffuser in the conductor is below 5%, the retroreflection rate is maintained to such an extent that the loop still meets the standards.

Tip 2:Type 2:

Prerez znaka Tip 2 po sliki 4 prikazuje strukturo s svetlobnim vodnikom 1, sliko znaka 4 nanešeno na zaščitno ploščo 8, retroreflektivni sloj 5 v obliki folije in hrbtno ploščo 7.Cross-section of the sign Type 2 according to Figure 4 shows the structure with light guide 1, the image of sign 4 applied to the protective panel 8, the retro-reflective layer 5 in the form of foil and the back panel 7.

Jedro znaka je ploščat svetlobni vodnik 1, ki je sestoji samo iz sredice 11, po kateri potuje svetloba. Vlogo plašča 12 prevzame plast zraka ob vseh stranskih ploskvah svetlobnega vodnika. Znak s svetlobnm vodnikom 1 brez plašča je zgrajen tako, da onemogoča optični stik ostalih sloja 5, hrbtne plošče 7 in žaščitne plošče 8 s svetlobnim vodnikom 1.The core of the sign is a flat light guide 1 consisting only of the core 11 through which light travels. The layer of air 12 is taken up by the layer of air along all the side faces of the light guide. The sign with the light guide 1 without the jacket is constructed to prevent the optical contact of the other layers 5, the back panel 7 and the shield panel 8 with the light guide 1.

Slika znaka 4 je nanešena na zunanjo zaščitno ploščo 8, ki je namenjena zaščiti pred zunanjimi mehanskimi in kemičnimi vplivi.The image of character 4 is applied to an external protective plate 8, which is intended to protect against external mechanical and chemical influences.

Svetloba se iz ploščatega svetlobnega vodnika 1 sipa zaradi odboja na vdolbinah ali na plasti difuzorja v svetlobnem vodniku 1 ali na njegovi površini. Prikazan je primer poti svetlobnega žarka 13 iz notranjega vira, to je izvora 2 po vodniku 1 in žarkov 14 iz zunanjega vira.Light is emitted from the flat light conductor 1 due to reflection on the recesses or on the diffuser layer in the light conductor 1 or on its surface. An example of the path of a light beam 13 from an internal source, i.e., source 2 by conductor 1 and rays 14 from an external source, is shown.

Retroreflektivna folija 5 je prilepljena na nosilno podlago 7 iz krivljene aluminjaste pločevine. Nosilna podlaga 7 je oblikovana tako, da omogoča pritrjevanje znaka na nosilni drog s standardnim okovjem..The retroreflective film 5 is glued to the supporting base 7 of curved aluminum sheet. The support base 7 is designed to allow the sign to be affixed to a support bar with standard mounting.

Eksperimentalno je izdelan znak tipa 2 za prehod za pešce dimenzij 60 cm x 60 cm. Za znakovno sporočilo 4 je uporabljena samolepilna folija proizvajalca 3M EC film, ki je nalepljena na PMMA zaščitno ploščo 8 debeline 4 mm. Svetlobni vodnik 1 na osnovi PMMA, kvadratne oblike in debeline 5 mm, je površinsko obdelan s ploskovnim nanosom difuzorja. Retroreflektivna folija 5 proizvajalca 3M tip DG3 W4090 je nalepljena na aluminijasto hrbtišče znaka 7. Izvor svetlobe so LED moduli 2 na osnovi čipov Luxeon Rebek Po meritvah je izstopni svetlobni tok v vseh smereh približno enak in koeficient retrorefleksije se večji del ohranja.A type 2 pedestrian crossing sign for pedestrians with a dimension of 60 cm x 60 cm was experimentally constructed. Character message 4 uses a 3M EC film adhesive film that is affixed to a 4 mm PMMA protection plate 8. PMMA-based light conductor 1, square in shape and 5 mm thick, is surface treated with a diffuser surface coating. Retroreflective film 5 from manufacturer 3M type DG3 W4090 is glued to the aluminum back of sign 7. The light source is LED modules 2 based on Luxeon Chips. According to measurements, the output luminous flux is approximately the same in all directions and most of the retro-reflectance is maintained.

Retroreflektivni prometni znak po izumu niso omejeni samo na opisane tipe ampak obsegajo tudi različne izpeljanke iz osnovnih tipov. Kot svetlobni vodnik služi vsaka plošča ali folija s planparalelno sprednjo in zadnjo površino iz trdninskih prozornih snovi z debelino od 0,lmm do lOmm. Kot trdninske prozorne snovi so mišljene vse snovi s primernimi mehanskimi inThe retroreflective traffic sign of the invention is not only limited to the types described, but also includes various derivatives of the basic types. Each panel or foil with planparallel front and back surfaces of solid transparent substances with a thickness of 0, lmm to lOmm serves as the light guide. Transparent solid substances are all substances with suitable mechanical and

-7optičnimi lastnostmi organskega ali anorganskega izvora pri čemer so najpogosteje uporabljane snovi na osnovi PMMA, PC, PS, PP, olefini, kot čiste, modificirane ali kopolimeri z drugimi snovmi.-7optical properties of organic or inorganic origin, with PMMA, PC, PS, PP, olefins being the most commonly used substances, as pure, modified or copolymers with other substances.

Vodnik je lahko enoslojen ali sestavljen iz večijh slojev, eno ali več delen.The conductor can be single-layer or composed of several layers, one or more parts.

Svetlobni vodnik je obdelan s postopkom s katerim se spremeni geometrijska struktura vodnika. Obdelava je lahko izvedena s poljubnim načinom za mehansko graviranje, lasersko ablacijo z IR ali UV laserji, termomehanskim vriskanjem vdolbin ali kemično jedkan.The light conductor is treated by a process that alters the geometric structure of the conductor. The treatment can be performed by any method for mechanical engraving, laser ablation with IR or UV lasers, thermomechanical screaming or chemical etching.

Svetlobni vodniki delujejo na podlagi totalnega odboja svetlobe na meji med snovmi z različnim lomnim količnikom - sredice in plašča, pri čemer je lahko meja diskretna ali zvezna s poljubnim profilom. Vodniki so lahko brez plašča ali za plašč uporabljajo različne snovi večinoma na podlagi perfluoriranih polimerov kot je na primer PVDF- polyvinylidene fluoride.Light conductors operate on the basis of the total reflection of light at the boundary between substances with different refractive indexes - cores and coats, whereby the boundary can be discrete or continuous with any profile. Conductors may be sheathless or coat different substances mainly based on perfluorinated polymers such as PVDF-polyvinylidene fluorides.

Izvori svetlobe so prednostno svetleče diode, čeprav se lahko uporabljajo tudi CCFL, HCFL, elektroluminiscenca itd.Light sources are preferably LEDs, although CCFL, HCFL, electroluminescence, etc. may also be used.

Zaščitna plast je lahko izvedena s transparentnimi ploščami iz anorganskih ali sintetičnih snovi. Kot najprimernejši se trenutno izkaže 3mm debel UV stabilen polikarbonat PC. Debelina je odvisna od zahtev po mehanski trdnosti od lmm do 6mm.The protective layer can be made with transparent panels of inorganic or synthetic materials. At present, 3mm thick UV stable PC polycarbonate is the most appropriate. The thickness depends on the mechanical strength requirements from lmm to 6mm.

Ohišje je lahko izdelano iz poljubne kovine ali iz plastičnih mas s postopkom krivljenja, vlivanjem ali termoformiranjem.The housing can be made of any metal or plastic by means of bending, casting or thermoforming.

Na vodnik je nalepljena retroreflektivna folija z dvostransko samolepilno folijo ali z primernim tekočim optično čistim lepilom, ki ga nanesemo v tankem sloju po celotni površini vodnika.A retroreflective film shall be affixed to the conductor with a double-sided self-adhesive film or with a suitable liquid optically clear adhesive applied in a thin layer over the entire surface of the conductor.

Retroreflektivni prometni znak z notranjo osvetlitvijo ki hkrati omogoča retroreflektivnost pri osvetlitvi z zunanjim virom svetlobe je torej značilen po tem, daje izvor osvetlitve znaka svetlobni vodnik 1 postavljen pred retroreflektivni sloj 5 in je presvetljena samo slika 4 znaka, pri čemer je svetlobni vodnik 1 transparenten. Izvor 2 osvetlitve je linijski izvor sestavljen iz svetlečih diod in je svetloba vodena na ploskev slike 4 znaka s svetlobnim vodnikom 1 v obliki transparentne planparalelne plošče, pri čemer ima svetlobni vodnik 1 mehansko, termično ali lasersko gravirane vdolbine ali delce difuzoija v sredici ali na površini svetlobnega vodnika. Na hrbtno ploščo 7 so zaporedno nemeščeni retroreflektivni sloj 5, svetlobni vodnik 1 in slika 4.A retroreflective traffic sign with internal illumination which simultaneously allows retroreflectivity in illumination with an external light source is characterized in that the illumination source of the sign is light guide 1 placed in front of the retroreflective layer 5 and only the figure 4 is illuminated, the light guide 1 being transparent. The illumination source 2 is a line source composed of light emitting diodes and the light is guided to the surface of figure 4 by a light guide 1 in the form of a transparent planar parallel plate, wherein the light guide 1 has mechanically, thermally or laser-engraved recesses or particles in the center or on the surface light guide. The back panel 7 contains, in sequence, a non-retroreflective layer 5, a light guide 1, and Figure 4.

-8Prednost znakov po izumu je v tem, da je znak ponoči enakomerno svetla ploskev, tako kot podnevi. To omogoča boljšo vidnosti na cesti in večjo varnost v težkih voznih razmerah. Zgradba znaka po izumu prispeva k energijski varčnosti, saj je izkoristek svetila stoodstoten. Vsa svetloba, ki jo svetlobni vir izseva, presvetluje znakovno sporočilo. V primerjavi s presvetljevanjem retroreflektivne folije je dosežena trikrat manjša poraba energije za isto svetlost. Na primer moč, ki jo troši znak dimenzije 60 cm x 60 cm za nivo svetlosti, ki še ustreza zahtevam standarda SIST EN 12899.1, je pod 1,2 W.-8 The advantage of the signs according to the invention is that the sign is a uniformly bright surface at night, just as in the daytime. This gives better road visibility and increased safety in difficult driving conditions. The construction of the sign according to the invention contributes to energy efficiency, since the lighting efficiency is 100%. All the light that the light source emits illuminates the sign message. Compared to the retro-reflective film, three times less energy is achieved for the same brightness. For example, the power consumed by a 60 cm x 60 cm sign for a brightness level that still meets the requirements of SIST EN 12899.1 is below 1.2 W.

Prednost je poleg manjše porabe energije bistvena v primeru avtonomije - solarnega napajanja. Sistem za delovanje potrebuje majhen solarni panel in baterijo, ki jo je mogoče namestiti na obstoječ drog.In addition to lower power consumption, the advantage is essential in the case of autonomy - solar power. The system requires a small solar panel and a battery that can be installed on an existing pole.

Retroreflektivna folija ima lahko prizmatično strukturo po celotni površini in zato višji koeficient retrorefleksije.A retro-reflective film may have a prismatic structure over the entire surface and therefore a higher retro-reflection coefficient.

Uporaba nove rešitve je na področju prometne signalizacije - stalne vertikalne cestne signalizaciji z notranjo osvetlitvijo, kjer služi poudarjanju pomembnejših sporočil v prometu.The use of the new solution is in the field of traffic signaling - permanent vertical road signalization with internal illumination, where it serves to highlight the more important traffic messages.

Nova rešitev omogoča izvedbo energijsko varčne prometne signalizacije vezane na električno omrežje. Omogoča tudi avtonomno solarno delovanje. Ker ni vezana na obstoječo električno instalacijo, je izvedba enostavnejša in hitrejša.The new solution enables the implementation of energy-efficient traffic signaling connected to the electricity grid. It also provides autonomous solar operation. Because it is not tied to an existing electrical installation, it is easier and faster to implement.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

A retroreflective traffic sign with internal illumination which simultaneously provides retroreflectivity in illumination with an external light source, characterized in that the illumination source of the sign is a light guide (1) placed in front of the retroreflective layer (5) and only the image (4) of the sign is illuminated, keeping the light guide (1) transparent.

A retroreflective traffic sign according to claim 1, characterized in that the illumination source (2) is a linear source composed of light emitting diodes and the light is guided to the image surface (4) of the sign by a light guide (1) in the form of a transparent planar parallel plate, wherein the light conductor (1) has mechanically, thermally or laser-engraved recesses or diffuser particles in the core or surface of the light conductor.

A retroreflective traffic sign according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the retroreflective layer (5), the light guide (1) and the sign (4) are sequentially disposed on the back panel (7).