SI23423A - Procedure of treatment of wastes by mineralisation and carrying out restoration of areas and landscape construction works by producing and applying composites and artificial soils made of treated mineralised wastes and residues - Google Patents

Abstract

The presented invention gives an innovative and holistic solution of appropriate management or recovery and then beneficial use of treated wastes from civil engineering, mining, industry, municipal activities and restoration of water bodies, without any need to build a waste disposal site or to search for other forms of their removal. Areas of application of thus produced industrial composites and artificially prepared soils from treated mineral wastes and residuals are originally moving out of the area of generation of wastes which are the subject of recovery, by which the so far existing pressure of waste management is essentially reduced in these areas, which are originally the production ones and are also intended for these activities. New locations or areas of application of recovered wastes into industrial composites and artificially prepared soils are spatially free areas requiring the execution of restoration works (they are mostly vast mining areas and other areas in the need of restoration), building estates on which vast earthworks are carried out and other areas of landscape construction works and developments, which require the use of great masses of products and soils (e.g. flood defence embankments, elevation of estates due to food safety). Beside the technical novelty, the patent application represents also great financial savings for users or contractors of works and services on the said work areas, while the recovery technologies themselves and fields of application of recovered products are practically applicable on the whole territory of the Republic of Slovenia.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Mineral waste treatment process and rehabilitation of sites and landscape structures by the production and use of industrial composites and man-made soil from treated mineralized waste and residues

The object of the invention is a technical novelty - The process of treatment of waste with mineralization and the implementation of extensive rehabilitation and excavation works in the field of degraded mining and other environmentally damaged land surfaces, construction of structures and other landscape construction and interventions in the area.

The management of construction, mining, industrial and municipal waste and sediment and sludge from water bodies is a very environmentally and financially significant problem for their producers, who, in principle, are responsible for the proper and prescribed management of their remuneration, and the same applies. for the rehabilitation of degraded areas and the environmentally damaged areas of the earth, for which they are also responsible.

Tightening waste management requirements in the above areas as well as their large scale production each year, taking into account the aforementioned possibilities for their disposal as a waste disposal process, requires the search for appropriate new alternative technical solutions that will not entail the need for the construction of municipal and industrial landfills, but will provide technically viable options and solutions for the re-use of treated waste when performing large earthworks in municipalities, regions and the state of Slovenia.

The present invention provides, on the one hand, a technically new possibility of treating waste and residues (which represent the majority of waste generated in Slovenia by volume) without the need for constructing waste landfills or finding other forms of their disposal through the process of mineralization, and on the other hand, by presenting a technical solution for the use of industrial waste. of composites and artificial earth enables a spatially, technically and environmentally acceptable and permissible performance of rehabilitation and earth works both in the field of rehabilitation of degraded mining and other environmentally damaged land surfaces, in the general field of construction of structures, as well as in the field of other landscape construction and spatial interventions.

The known solutions to date in the field of construction, mining and industrial waste management, municipal waste and sediment and sludge from water bodies have been based on the approach of treating the aforementioned types of waste as much as possible at the locations of their generation, since there is no other place for their generation. there was no space, no suitable technical solutions to deal with them, and no known need for their re-use.

In the processes of the above-mentioned practices, the vast majority of waste is not adequately treated, and the amount of waste generated exceeds the possibilities of their total treatment at the place of their production, which is why they are often inadequately disposed of in nature or in other inappropriate areas where they will be previously or later become the burden and expense of owning such land (often the local community or state).

The present invention is based on a technically new treatment of waste and residues by the process of mineralization into industrial composites and artificial soil, and then uses the process of their re-use as construction products, fillers in the construction of facilities or treated waste that can be introduced into the soil for ecological improvement soil in the implementation of extensive rehabilitation and excavation work in the field of degraded mining and other environmentally damaged land surfaces, construction of buildings and other landscape construction and interventions in the area.

According to the present invention, construction, mining and industrial wastes and municipal waste and sediments and sludges from water bodies at their respective sites of production are appropriately captured and subsequently according to known waste treatment techniques in accordance with Waste Directive no. 2008/98-EC is primarily recovered by the R5 process by recycling (recovery of other inorganic materials) or according to the R12 process by exchange of waste for recovery by sorting, separation and dehydration. With the described primary recovery, it must be achieved that the size of the fraction of recovered waste is less than 50 mm and its dry matter content is greater than 25%.

In the next stage, primary recovered waste is secondarily recovered according to the procedure R12 by exchange of waste for recovery by mixing waste with the biological preparation based on enzymes and micro-organisms "Ekogen MI 10" manufactured by Ekogen from Levc pri Celje, which activates the mineralization process of recovered This results in the accelerated fermentation process and the complete decomposition of the organic biodegradable substances, oils and fats present, resulting in the conversion of heavy metals, nitrates, nitrites and other harmful impurities and compounds into non-viable forms.

The process of the secondary stage of waste recovery by the process R12 by exchange of waste for recovery by mixing waste with biological preparation "Ekogen MI 10" is carried out by first mixing the highly concentrated biological preparation with water in a ratio of 1: 200 and then the resulting solution by spraying On the conveyor belt, the waste is fed into the primary waste at a dosage ratio of 30 to 80 liters of solution / 1 m3 of primary waste. After the secondary stage of waste recovery with mineralization, which can be carried out at temperature conditions from +5 to +30 degrees Celsius, the recovered waste is deposited in an operational temporary landfill for a further 7 days before further treatment.

The highly concentrated biological product "Ekogen MI 10" is made on the basis of enzymes and micro-organisms with a special process of extracting brown seaweed Norwegian kelp. Upon contact of a concentrated preparation with mixed water, enzymes are activated which prepare the organic matter for the process • «· ·

-4metabolism by microorganisms. In the metabolic process, microorganisms convert organic matter into mineral substances.

In the further process, depending on the technical characteristics of the treated waste, they are used as newly produced industrial composites or artificial earth for the implementation of extensive rehabilitation and excavation works in the field of degraded mining and other environmentally damaged land surfaces, construction of structures and other landscape construction and interventions in space. . According to Waste Directive no. 2008/98-EC, the re-use of reclaimed industrial composites or artificial soils with the described mineralization process at their installation sites is carried out following the process of processing of waste RIO by introducing it into or on the soil for the benefit of agriculture or for ecologically improving the condition of the soil; the materials comply with the provisions of the Construction Products Act, and are allowed to be placed on the construction products market in accordance with the said Act.

The fields of application of the industrial composites and man-made soils from treated mineralized waste and residues are gradually moving out of the area of waste that is being treated, which significantly reduces the pressure to date on waste management in these areas, which are originally production and the latter activities. intended. New locations Areas of utilization of treated waste in new industrial composites and artificial lands are usually spatially vacant areas requiring rehabilitation work (mostly large mining areas and other areas requiring soil remediation), building land where extensive earthwork is carried out and other areas of landscape construction and encroachments that require the use of large masses of products, materials, and soil (eg flood dikes, land elevation for flood safety, ...).

The possibility of the technical use of recovered waste through the mineralization process for the implementation of the aforementioned large-scale earthworks is in the domain of designers who plan such works. The new industrial composites are used as a base for filling volumes, and artificial earth for the purpose of performing final reclamation layers and layers.

Claims (2)

1. Mineral waste treatment process in which construction, mining, industrial and municipal waste and sediment and sludge from water bodies are recovered primarily through a recycling process and secondarily by a process of mixing primary recovered waste with the biological preparation »Ekogen MI 10 «Made on the basis of enzymes and micro-organisms, obtained by extraction from brown seaweed Norwegian kelp - mineralization, characterized in that it accelerates the fermentation process and results in complete decomposition of any organic biodegradable substances, decomposition of oils and fats, with and ion exchange converts heavy metals, nitrates, nitrites and other harmful impurities, and compounds into indelible forms. 2. Utilization of treated waste with the mineralization of claim 1. by the process of carrying out remediation of areas and landscape structures by the production and use of industrial composites and artificially prepared soils from treated mineralized waste and residues from construction, mining, industry, utilities and rehabilitation and maintenance of water bodies, the new composites being used as volume fillers for the aforementioned rehabilitation of areas and for landscape construction, and artificial soil for the needs of finishing reclamation layers and layers after the waste treatment process with their introduction into or onto the soil with the aim of ecologically improving soil conditions .