SI23357A

SI23357A - Safety electric switch with melt insert

Info

Publication number: SI23357A
Application number: SI201000121A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Peter Benko
Original assignee: Eti Elektroelement D.D.
Priority date: 2010-04-12
Filing date: 2010-04-12
Publication date: 2011-10-28
Also published as: SI23357B

Abstract

A safety electric switch with a melt insert (6) consists of at least one phase unit (1) comprising its own casing (3) with junction terminals (33, 34) for the connection with a phase lead of an anytime available electric circuit, as well as of at least one zeroing unit (2) which also comprises its own casing (3) with junction terminals (33, 34) for the connection with the zero lead of an anytime available electric circuit. In the casing (3) of the respective phase unit (1), a carrier (51) with the melt insert (6) installed within is mounted pivotally in the circular direction in general and is also translatorily shiftable in the radial direction in its starting position, while in the casing (3) of the respective zeroing unit (2), a carrier (52) without the melt insert (6) is mounted pivotally in the circular direction in general and is also translatorily shiftable in the radial direction in its starting position. In this connection, the casing (3) of the anytime available zeroing unit (2) is mechanically connectable with the casing (3) of each of the phase units (1), connectable in the very same electric circuit together with the said zeroing unit (2), while at the same time, the anytime available carrier (52) of the respective zeroing unit (2) is mechanically connectable, in the area of its end (520) arranged outside of the casing (3), with the outside of the casing (3) arranged end (510) of the carrier (51) of each of the anytime available phase units (1) connectable in the very same electric circuit together with the said zeroing unit (2).

Description

Varnostno električno stikalo s talilnim vložkomSafety electrical switch with fuse box

Izum spada na področje elektrotehnike, in sicer k osnovnim električnim komponentam, zlasti k podrobnostim zaščitnih električnih stikal, ki so prirejena za vgradnjo talilnih vložkov in so namenjena za preprečevanje nastanka obloka.The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely to basic electrical components, in particular to the details of protective electrical switches, which are adapted for the installation of melting pads and are intended to prevent the formation of an arc.

Pri tem je izum osnovan na problemu, kako zasnovati varnostno električno stikalo s talilnim vložkom, zlasti s standardnim vsaj približno cilindrično zasnovanim talilnim vložkom tipa DO- (NEOZED), še zlasti npr. tipa D01, ki bo pri nespremenjeni obliki in zunanjih dimenzijah ohišja vgradljivo na doslej običajen način na splošno uporabljane nosilne letve v razdelilnih omaricah električnih napeljav, in pri katerem bo na zanesljiv način vnaprej določeno zaporedje vklopa oz. izklopa vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih polov in ničelnega pola zaradi preprečevanja tvorbe obloka, obenem pa naj bi bilo tovrstno stikalo poenostavljeno tako v smislu kar najmanjšega števila potrebnih sestavnih delov kot tudi v smislu kar največje možne univerzalnosti teh sestavnih delov v primeru uporabe bodisi na vsakokrat razpoložljivem faznem ali na ničelnem polu bodisi enofaznega ali trofaznega električnega tokokroga, v katerega je tovrstno stikalo vključeno.The invention is based on the problem of how to design a safety electrical switch with a fusible cartridge, in particular with a standard at least approximately cylindrical fused cartridge type DO- (NEOZED), in particular e.g. type D01, which, with the unchanged shape and external dimensions of the housing, will be installed in the conventional manner previously used in the conventional way, generally used load-bearing slats in distribution boxes of electrical installations, and in which a reliable sequence of switching on and / or switching will be predetermined. disconnecting the available phase poles and zero pole to prevent arc formation, while making such a switch simpler in terms of the minimum number of components required and the maximum possible universality of these components when used or in any available phase or at the zero pole of either the single-phase or three-phase electrical circuit into which such switch is incorporated.

Varnostno električno stikalo s talilnim vložkom je opisano v DE 29 03 826 C2 (Lindner GmbH). Tovrstno stikalo sestoji iz škatlastega ohišja, v katerem je zasukljivo uležiščen nosilec v njem vstavljenega talilnega vložka, pri čemer omenjeni nosilec na svojem izven ohišja segajočem koncu obsega upravljalno ročico. Omenjeno ohišje je prirejeno za pritrditev na standardno nosilno letev električne omarice z namenom vzpostavitve razstavljive povezave med ohišjem in omenjeno letvijo. Nadalje omenjeno ohišje na vsakem koncu obsega po eno priključno sponko, ki je električno povezana s pripadajočim električnim kontaktom, ki je vsakokrat na voljo v notranjosti ohišja in preko katerega je v ustreznem položaju talilnega vložka po izbiri sklenjen skozi omenjen vložek potekajoč električni tokokrog, ki ga je z ustrezno spremembo položaja talilnega vložka in odmikom slednjega od pripadajočih kontaktov možno tudi prekiniti. V ta namen omenjeno ohišje sestoji iz dveh kot skodeli zasnovanih polovic, ki sta po sestavljanju med seboj povezani, še zlasti s kovičenjem. Na notranji površini vsake od omenjenih polovic so na voljo ustrezni vodilni elementi, ki so prirejeni za sodelovanje z vodilnimi elementi na površini omenjenega nosilca talilnega vložka, in sicer na tak način, daje omenjen nosilec po eni strani zasukljiv za določen kot iz enega končnega položaja, v katerem se skozi v njem vstavljen talilni vložek sklene električni tokokrog, v preostali končen položaj, v katerem je tokokrog skozi talilni vložek prekinjen. Zahvaljujoč primemo oblikovanim vodilnim elementom je omenjeni nosilec talilnega vložka v vsakem izmed svojih končnih položajev držan z zaskočenjem. Nadalje so omenjeni vodilni elementi na notranji površini ohišja in na zunanji površini nosilca talilnega vložka tako zasnovani, daje v tistem končnem položaju, v katerem je tokokrog skozi talilni vložek prekinjen, nosilec glede na prej omenjeni zasuk vsaj približno radialno premakljiv v smeri ven iz ohišja oziroma navznoter v ohišje, in sicer vsaj do te mere, da je v njegovo notranjost vstavljiv ali iz njegove notranjosti odstranljiv talilni vložek, s čimer je omogočenaA safety electrical switch with a melting cartridge is described in DE 29 03 826 C2 (Lindner GmbH). Such a switch consists of a box-like housing in which the carrier of the melting insert inserted therein is rotatably mounted, said carrier having a control lever extending beyond its housing. Said housing is adapted for attachment to a standard rack of the electrical cabinet for the purpose of establishing a detachable connection between the housing and said lath. Further, said housing at each end comprises one terminal, which is electrically connected to the associated electrical contact, which is each time available inside the housing, through which, in the appropriate position of the melting insert, an electrically driven current through said insert is provided. it can also be terminated by changing the position of the fusible cartridge and moving it away from its contacts. For this purpose, said housing consists of two shingles designed in half, which are interconnected after assembly, in particular by riveting. On the inner surface of each of said halves, suitable guide elements are provided which are adapted to cooperate with guide elements on the surface of said melter carrier, such that said carrier rotates on one side for a particular angle from one end position, in which an electrical circuit is inserted through it, into the remaining end position in which the circuit is interrupted through the melter. Thanks to the primed shaped guiding elements, said melting carrier is held in place in each of its end positions by a snap. Further, said guide elements on the inner surface of the housing and on the outer surface of the fusible carrier are so designed that, in the end position in which the circuit is broken through the fusible insert, the carrier is at least approximately radially displaced in the direction out of the housing by the said rotation. inwardly into the housing, at least to the extent that a fusible insert is removable or removable therein, thereby permitting

zamenjava talilnega vložka. Ko omenjeni priključni sponki stikala električno povežejo s faznim vodnikom in v omenjeni nosilec vstavijo talilni vložek ter ga radialno potisnejo v notranjost ohišja, se nosilec nahaja v enem končnem položaju, v katerem električni tokokrog skozi talilni vložek ni sklenjen. Ob aktiviranju stikala s premikom upravljalne ročice nosilca talilnega vložka in torej z zasukom nosilca v preostali končni položaj potem talilni vložek dospe v stik z vsakokrat razpoložljivima kontaktoma, ki sta povezana s priključnima sponkama, s čimer se vzpostavi električni tokokrog skozi talilni vložek. V primeru električne preobremenitve talilni vložek v skladu s svojim namenom prekine električni tokokrog, ne da bi bilo potrebno v ta namen spremeniti položaj omenjenega nosilca. Po tistem je potrebno talilni vložek seveda zamenjati. Tovrstna rešitev pa je prvenstveno povezana s pomanjkljivostjo, ki izhaja iz nezmožnosti indikacije stanja talilnega vložke, namreč tega, ali je v nosilcu nameščen talilni vložek še uporaben ali ne. Če namreč pride do prekinitve električnega tokokroga, v katerem je poleg drugih naprav vključeno tudi tovrstno stikalo, uporabnik šele s podrobnim pregledom celotnega tokokroga lahko ugotovi, ali je razlog za prekinitev zgolj neuporabnost talilnega vložka zaradi predhodne preobremenitve, ali pa je vzrok treba iskati drugje.replacement of the melt insert. When said terminals of the switch are electrically connected to the phase conductor and a melter insert is inserted into said bracket and radially pushed into the housing, the bracket is in one end position in which the electrical circuit is not closed through the melter insert. When the switch is actuated by moving the control lever of the fusible carrier and thus rotating the carrier to the remaining end position, the fusible contact contacts the available contacts that are connected to the terminal terminals, thereby establishing an electrical circuit through the fusible insert. In the event of an electrical overload, the fusible insert breaks the electrical circuit according to its purpose without having to change the position of said carrier for this purpose. After that, the fusible cartridge must of course be replaced. Such a solution, however, is primarily related to a disadvantage arising from the inability to indicate the condition of the melter cartridge, namely whether or not the melter cartridge is still usable in the carrier. If there is an interruption of the electrical circuit in which such a switch is included, among other devices, the user can only determine by a detailed examination of the entire circuit whether the reason for the interruption is simply the uselessness of the melter due to preload, or whether the cause must be sought elsewhere.

Omenjena pomanjkljivost je bila odpravljena v okviru rešitve stikala iz DE 31 26 500 Al (Lindner GmbH), ki na čelni strani izven ohišja segajočega dela nosilca talilnega vložka predlaga indikatorsko odprtino, skozi katero je možno že na prvi pogled ugotoviti, če je talilni vložek še uporaben ali ne. Še bistveno hujšo pomanjkljivost, kije skupna obema znanima rešitvama po DE 29 03 826 C2 in DE 31 26 500 Al, pa predstavlja dokaj nekontrolirana sklenitev oziroma razklenitev električnega tokokroga skozi talilni vložek. Kadar je električni tokokrog sklenjen, se v primeru prekinitve ob zasuku nosilca talilni vložek postopoma odmika od kontaktov, kar privede do znatnega povečanja gostote električnega toka na stičiščih s talilnim vložkov, neredko pa celo do obloka. Podoben učinek se pojavi tudi neposredno pred vzpostavitvijo električnega tokokroga, ko se talilni vložek kontaktoma šele približuje. Strokovnjaku bo razumljivo, da tovrstne preobremenitve električnih vodnikov ali njihovih površin potem v splošnem poslabšajo kakovost stika med talilnim vložkom in vsakokrat pripadajočim električnim kontaktom, kar se posredno odraža tudi v prekomerni obrabi stičnih površin, neredko pa to privede celo do tolikšnih električnih preobremenitev v tokokrogu, da talilni vložek sam prekine tokokrog in gaje potrebno zamenjati. Vsi našteti učinki so iz razumljivih razlogov absolutno nezaželeni.This defect was remedied in the context of the switch solution of DE 31 26 500 Al (Lindner GmbH), which, on the front outside the housing of the extending portion of the fusible carrier, suggests an indicator opening through which it is possible to determine at a glance if the fusible cartridge is still useful or not. An even more serious disadvantage, common to both known solutions according to DE 29 03 826 C2 and DE 31 26 500 Al, however, is a fairly uncontrolled contracting or unbundling of the electrical circuit through the melter. When the electrical circuit is closed, the fusible insert gradually moves away from the contacts in the event of interruption in the rotation of the carrier, resulting in a significant increase in the electric current density at the junctions with the fusible inserts, and often even in the arc. A similar effect occurs just before the electrical circuit is established, when the fusible cartridge is just approaching the contacts. It will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that such overloads of the electrical conductors or their surfaces generally impair the quality of contact between the melter and the corresponding electrical contacts, which is indirectly reflected in the excessive wear of the contact surfaces, and often results in such electrical overload in the circuit, that the fuse box breaks the circuit itself and needs to be replaced. All of these effects are, for obvious reasons, absolutely undesirable.

Pričujoči izum se nanaša na varnostno električno stikalo s talilnim vložkom, kakršno obsega vsaj eno iz električno neprevodnega gradiva sestoječe in na svoji hrbtni površini z naslonom in zaskočnim elementom za pritrditev na tipsko ranžirno letev prirejeno ohišje s priključnima sponkama za povezavo s priključnim vodnikom in s tem za vgradnjo stikala v vsakokrat razpoložljiv električni tokokrog, ki poleg vsaj enega faznega vodnika vsebuje tudi ničelni vodnik. V notranjosti vsakokratnega ohišja jev ustreznih vodilih uležiščen nosilec z vgrajenim tipskim talilnim vložkom prednostno vsaj približno cilindrične oblike in z električno prevodnima koncema, ki je preko v notranjosti ohišja razpoložljivih kontaktnih elementov električno povezljiv z omenjenima priključnima sponkama. Omenjeni nosilec je skupaj s talilnim vložkom po eni strani zahvaljujoč ustreznemu vodilu v ohišju zasukljiv iz svojega izhodiščnega položaja, v katerem je električni tokokrog skozi stikalo prekinjen, v končni položaj, v katerem je električni tokokrog skozi stikalo sklenjen, in po drugi strani zahvaljujoč ustreznemu nadaljnjemu vodilu v svojem izhodiščnem položaju translatomo premakljiv v smeri radialno ven iz ohišja in v obratni smeri, in sicer vsaj do te mere, daje možno v nosilec vstaviti ali iz njega odstraniti talilni vložek.The present invention relates to a safety electrical switch with a fusible insert, comprising at least one electrically conductive material consisting of, and on its back surface with a backrest and a locking element for attaching to a standard shunting strip a housing with connecting terminals for connection with a connecting cable and therewith for the installation of a switch in the electrical circuit available at all times, which, in addition to at least one phase conductor, contains a zero conductor. Inside the respective housing of the respective guides, a mounting bracket with a built-in type fusible insert, preferably at least approximately cylindrical in shape and with electrically conductive ends, which is electrically connected to said connection terminals via the inside of the housing of the available contact elements. Said carrier, together with the fusible insert, is, on the one hand, rotated from its initial position in which the electrical circuit is interrupted through the switch, to the final position in which the electrical circuit is closed through the switch, and, on the other, due to the corresponding further the guide, in its initial position, is translatomally movable in the direction radially out of the housing and in the reverse direction, at least to the extent that it is possible to insert or remove a melting insert into the carrier.

Po izumu je predvideno, da tovrstno stikalo sestoji iz vsaj ene fazne enote, ki obsega lastno ohišje s priključnima sponkama za povezavo s faznim vodnikom vsakokrat razpoložljivega električnega tokokroga, kot tudi iz vsaj ene ničelne enote, ki tudi obsega lastno ohišje s priključnima sponkama za povezavo z ničelnim vodnikom vsakokrat razpoložljivega električnega tokokroga, pri čemer je v ohišju vsakokratne fazne enote vgrajen v splošnem v cirkulami smeri zasukljiv in v izhodiščnem položaju tudi v radialni smeri translatomo premakljiv nosilec (z nastavkom, ki je prirejen za sodelovanje z omenjenim cirkulamim vodilom v ohišju ter z v sebi vstavljenim talilnim vložkom, medtem ko je v ohišju vsakokratne ničelne enote vgrajen prav tako zahvaljujoč sodelovanju ustreznega nastavka na omenjenem nosilcu ničelne enote s cirkulamim vodilom v cirkularni smeri zasukljiv in v izhodiščnem položaju tudi v radialni smeri translatomo premakljiv nosilec, ki pa je v pripadajočem ohišju vgrajen brez talilnega vložka. Pri tem je ohišje vsakokratne ničelne enote mehansko povezljivo z ohišjem vsake izmed vsakokrat v taisti električni tokokrog skupaj z omenjeno ničelno enoto povezljivih faznih enot, obenem pa je tudi vsakokraten nosilec vsakokratne ničelne enote v območju svojega izven ohišja razporejenega konca mehansko povezljiv z izven ohišja razporejenim koncem nosilca vsake izmed vsakokrat razpoložljivih, v taisti električni tokokrog skupaj z omenjeno ničelno enoto povezljivih faznih enot, tako da je vsakršen premik nosilca ničelne enote izvedljiv zgolj ob sočasnem in vzajemnem premiku nosilcev vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih enot.According to the invention it is contemplated that such a switch consists of at least one phase unit comprising its own housing with terminals for connection to the phase conductor of the available electrical circuit at all times, as well as at least one zero unit also comprising its own housing with connecting terminals for connection with a zero conductor of the electrical circuit available at all times, with a generally rotatable in the circular direction of the respective phase unit and a translatomally movable carrier in the circularly positioned starting position (with a adapter adapted to cooperate with said circular bus in the housing) with the melt insert inserted in it, while in the housing of the respective zero unit it is also mounted thanks to the cooperation of the corresponding attachment on the said zero unit with the circular guide in a circular direction and in the starting position, even in the radial direction, a translatomally movable carrier, which, however, has a supportinghousing fitted without fusible insert. In this case, the housing of each zero unit is mechanically interconnected with the housing of each of them in the same electrical circuit together with the said zero unit of the connected phase units, and at the same time the respective carrier of the respective zero unit is mechanically interconnected with the housing located outside the housing end of the disposed end. of the carrier of each of the available, in the same electrical circuit together with said zero unit of the connected phase units, such that any displacement of the carrier of the zero unit is only feasible with the simultaneous and reciprocal movement of the carriers of the available phase units.

Ohišje fazne enote je prednostno identično ohišju vsakokrat razpoložljive ničelne enote, razen tega pa so na vsakokratnem ohišju fazne enote in ničelne enote zaradi • · · vzpostavitve mehanske povezave med vsakokrat sosednjimi ohišji omenjenih enot predvidene skoznje luknje.Preferably, the phase unit housing is identical to the housing of the zero units available at each time, except that through each hole of the phase unit and the zero unit are provided through the holes in each adjacent housing of the said units.

Nadalje je izven ohišja razporejen konec vsakokratnega nosilca fazne enote enako kot izven ohišja razporejen konec vsakokratnega nosilca ničelne enote zasnovan kot upravljalni nastavek in opremljen s skoznjo luknjo, zahvaljujoč omenjenim luknjam pa so nosilci v vsakokratnem električnem tokokrogu razpoložljivih faznih enot in ničelnih enot med seboj mehansko povezljivi zaradi zagotavljanja usklajenega in sočasnega premikanja nosilcev vseh medsebojno sodelujočih faznih in ničelnih enot.Further, the end of each phase unit carrier is arranged outside the housing in the same way as the outside of the zero unit carrier is arranged outside the housing, designed as a control attachment and equipped with a through hole. in order to ensure coordinated and simultaneous movement of the bearers of all the interacting phase and zero units.

Še nadalje sta v notranjosti ohišja vsakokratne fazne enote predvidena s pripadajočima priključnima sponkama električno povezana kontaktna elementa, ki sta med seboj električno povezljiva preko talilnega vložka, kadar se ta skupaj z nosilcem nahaja v končnem položaju nosilca. Obenem sta v notranjosti ohišja ničelne enote predvidena s pripadajočima priključnima sponkama električno povezana kontaktna elementa, od katerih je po eni strani en kontaktni element vzmetno podprt in tako držan na odmiku od preostalega kontaktnega elementa, po drugi strani pa je vzmetno podprti kontaktni element s pomočjo primernega naslonskega roba, ki je predviden na v notranjost ohišja segajočem koncu nosilca ničelne enote, zahvaljujoč zasuku omenjenega nosilca v njegov končni položaj zaradi vzpostavitve tokokroga skozi ničelno enoto pritisljiv proti preostalemu kontaktnemu elementu, in sicer na tak način, da se zahvaljujoč mehanski medsebojni povezanosti po eni strani ohišij in po drugi strani nosilcev vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih enot in ničelne enote med premikanjem nosilcev v smeri proti končnemu položaju vklopa stikala najprej z naslonskim robom nosilca ničelne enote v medsebojni stik dovede kontaktna elementa ničelne enote, s čimer se vzpostavi električni tokokrog tudi skozi ničelno enoto, šele nato pa se vzpostavi kontakt med talilnim vložkom in pripadajočima kontaktnima elementoma fazne enote, medtem ko se med premikanjem nosilcev iz končnega položaja vklopa stikala nazaj v izhodiščni položaj izklopa stikala zaradi spremembe položaja nosilcev in s tem položaja v nosilcu fazne enote vstavljenega talilnega vložka slednji odmakne od kontaktnih elementov, s čimer se najprej prekine električni tokokrog fazne enote, šele zatem pa se zaradi spremembe položaja naslonskega roba nosilca ničelne enote dopusti odmik vzmetno podprtega kontaktnega elementa vstran od preostalega kontaktnega elementa ničelne enote, s čimer se šele po tistem, ko je električni tokokrog v vsakokrat pripadajoči fazni enoti že razklenjen, razklene tudi tokokrog v omenjeni ničelni enoti.Furthermore, electrically connected contact elements are provided inside the housing of the respective phase unit with associated terminal blocks, which are electrically interconnected via the fusible cartridge when it is in the end position of the carrier together with the carrier. At the same time, electrically connected contact elements are provided in the housing of the zero unit housing with associated terminal blocks, of which one contact element is spring supported on one side and thus kept at a distance from the rest of the contact element, and on the other, a spring supported contact element by means of a suitable the backing edge provided on the inside of the housing extending end of the zero carrier, thanks to the rotation of said carrier to its final position due to the establishment of a circuit through the zero unit, pressed against the rest of the contact element in such a way that due to the mechanical interconnection one by one on the sides of the enclosures and on the other side of the brackets, each of the available phase units and zero units, while moving the brackets towards the final switching position of the switch, first brings the contact units of the zero unit into contact with the back edge of the zero unit bracket, thereby establishing the el. The circuit is also through a zero unit, and only then contact is made between the melter and the associated contact elements of the phase unit, while switching the beams from the end position of the switch back to the starting position of the switch, due to a change in the position of the bearers and thus the position in the bearer. the phase unit of the inserted fusible cartridge moves the latter away from the contact elements, thereby first interrupting the electrical circuit of the phase unit, and then allowing the spring-supported contact element to move away from the rest of the contact unit of the zero unit due to a change in the position of the support unit of the zero unit. only after the electrical circuit in the respective phase unit has already been unlocked does the circuit in said zero unit also open.

Nadalje je po izumu predvideno, da je v fazni enoti vgrajen vzmetno podprt kontaktni element konzolno vpet v območju priključne sponke in poteka v območju med hrbtno steno ohišja in nosilcem z vstavljenim talilnim vložkom ter je s pomočjo ustreznih vzmeti podprt na omenjeni hrbtni steni ohišja, preostali kontaktni element pa je električno povezan s preostalo priključno sponko na ohišju in sega do mesta dospetja električno prevodnega dela talilnega vložka v končnem položaju nosilca, tako da je v končnem položaju nosilca in v neposredni bližini omenjenega položaja talilni vložek po eni strani pritisnjen proti vzmetno podprtemu kontaktnemu elementu in obenem po drugi strani tudi proti preostalemu kontaktnemu elementu, v vsakem izmed preostalih položajev nosilca pa je talilni vložek odmaknjen od vsaj enega izmed kontaktnih elementov.It is further contemplated according to the invention that a spring-supported contact element is mounted in the phase unit in the region of the terminal block and extends in the area between the back wall of the housing and the carrier with the inserted fusible insert and is supported on said back wall of the housing by means of suitable springs. and the contact element is electrically connected to the rest of the terminal clip on the housing and extends to the point of contact of the electrically conductive portion of the fusible insert in the end position of the carrier, so that in the final position of the carrier and in the immediate vicinity of said position, the fusible insert is pressed on one side against the spring-supported contact element and at the same time against the remaining contact element, and in each of the remaining positions of the carrier, the fusible insert is away from at least one of the contact elements.

Še nadalje je po izumu predvideno, daje v ničelni enoti vgrajen vzmetno podprt kontaktni element konzolno vpet v območju priključne sponke in poteka v območju med hrbtno steno ohišja in nosilcem ter je s pomočjo ustreznih vzmeti • · · podprt na omenjeni hrbtni steni ohišja, medtem ko je preostali v ohišju fiksno vgrajen kontaktni element električno povezan s preostalo priključno sponko na ohišju in sega v območje med vzmetno podprtim kontaktnim elementom in hrbtno steno ohišja, tako da je vzmetno podprt kontaktni element z omenjeno vzmetjo držan na odmiku od preostalega kontaktnega elementa in šele ob naleganju roba nosilca nanj proti sili omenjene vzmeti pritisljiv proti omenjenemu fiksnemu kontaktnemu elementu.It is further contemplated according to the invention that a spring-supported contact element is mounted in the zero unit in the region of the terminal block and extends in the area between the back wall of the housing and the bracket and is supported on said back wall of the housing by means of suitable springs. the residual fixed contact element in the housing is electrically connected to the remaining terminal clip on the housing and extends into the area between the spring-supported contact element and the back wall of the housing, so that the spring-supported contact element with said spring is kept at a distance from the remaining contact element and only at pressing against the force of said carrier against the force of said spring is pressed against said fixed contact element.

Izum bo v nadaljevanju podrobneje obrazložen na osnovi primera izvedbe, ki je prikazan na priloženi skici, kjer kažeThe invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing showing

Sl. 1 shematično ponazorjeno fazno enoto stikala po izumu v izklopljenem stanju med zamenjavo talilnega vložka;FIG. 1 is a schematically illustrated phase switch unit of the invention in the off state during replacement of the melter cartridge;

Sl. 2 shematično ponazorjeno ničelno enoto stikala po izumu v izklopljenem položaju kot na Sl. 1;FIG. 2 is a schematically illustrated zero unit of the switch according to the invention in the off position as in FIG. 1;

Sl. 3 shematično ponazorjeno fazno enoto stikala po izumu v vmesnem položaju po vklopu ali pred izklopom stikala, npr. pred zamenjave talilnega vložka ali po njej;FIG. 3 is a schematically illustrated phase unit of the switch according to the invention in an intermediate position after switching on or before switching off, e.g. before or after replacement of the melter;

Sl. 4 shematično ponazorjeno ničelno enoto stikala po izumu v vmesnem položaju po vklopu ali pred izklopom stikala kot na Sl. 3, ko se sklene oz. prekine tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto;.FIG. 4 is a schematically illustrated zero unit of the switch according to the invention in an intermediate position after switching on or before switching off the switch as in FIG. 3, when it is concluded or. breaks the circuit through the zero unit ;.

Sl. 5 shematično ponazorjeno fazno enoto stikala po izumu v vklopljenem položaju stikala, ko je električni tokokrog skozi fazno enoto sklenjen;FIG. 5 is a schematically illustrated phase unit of the switch according to the invention in the on position of the switch when the electrical circuit through the phase unit is closed;

Sl. 6 pa shematično ponazorjeno ničelno enoto stikala po izumu v vklopljenem položaju stikala kot na Sl. 5, ko je električni tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto sklenjen.FIG. 6 is a schematically illustrated zero unit of the switch according to the invention in the on position of the switch as in FIG. 5, when the electrical circuit is closed through the zero unit.

Stikalo po izumu obsega vsaj eno fazno enoto 1 in vsaj eno ničelno enoto 2, ki sta med seboj mehansko povezani in prirejeni za sočasno in vzajemno uporabo v vsakokrat razpoložljivem električnem tokokrogu. Natančneje, vsakokrat potrebno število faznih enot 1 ustreza vsakokrat razpoložljivemu številu faznih vodnikov, pri čemer običajno zadostuje ena sama ničelna enota 2.The switch according to the invention comprises at least one phase unit 1 and at least one zero unit 2, which are mechanically interconnected and adapted for simultaneous and reciprocal use in the electrical circuit available at all times. Specifically, the number of phase units 1 required each time corresponds to the number of phase conductors available at each time, with a single zero unit of 2 usually sufficient.

Vsaka izmed omenjenih enot 1, 2 obsega iz električno neprevodnega gradiva sestoječe ohišje 3, ki je pri ničelni enoti 2 identično tistemu pri fazni enoti 1. Ohišje 3 v prikazanem primeru po Sl. 1 - 6 predstavlja standardno ohišje stikala s talilnim vložkom tipa DO- (NEOZED), še zlasti tipa D-01, ki sestoji iz dveh med seboj sestavljenih polovic, od katerih je na Sl. 1 - 6 ponazorjena le ena. Ohišje 3 je prirejeno za pritrditev na tipsko ranžirno letev, ki na skici ni prikazana, in v ta namen na svoji hrbtni površini 30 obsega ustrezen naslon 31 in na odmiku od slednjega razporejen, v ustreznem gnezdu 32 uležiščen in kot tak na skici neprikazan zaskočni element. Nadalje sta na omenjenem ohišju 3 na voljo običajni priključni sponki 33, 34, s katerima sta električno povezana v notranjosti ohišja 3 razporejena kontaktna elementa 41', 41 fazne enote 1 oziroma kontaktna elementa 42', 42 ničelne enote 2. Za povezavo vsakokrat sosednjih ohišij 3 faznih enot 1 in ničelnih enot 2 so na vsakem ohišju 3 predvidene skoznje luknje 38, 38'. 38, 38'.Each of said units 1, 2 comprises an electrically conductive material consisting of an enclosure 3 which, at zero unit 2, is identical to that of phase unit 1. The enclosure 3 in the example shown in FIG. 1 to 6 is a standard switch housing with a DO- (NEOZED) fuse box, in particular of the D-01 type, consisting of two interconnected halves, each of which in FIG. 1 - 6 illustrated only one. The housing 3 is adapted for attachment to a type shunt bar which is not shown in the drawing, and for this purpose on its back surface 30 comprises a corresponding abutment 31 and arranged at a distance from the latter, in a corresponding socket 32, a snap element not shown in the drawing. . Further, conventional terminals 33, 34 are provided on said housing 3, to which contact elements 41 ', 41 phase units 1 or contact elements 42', 42 zero units 2 are arranged electrically connected to the housing 3 to connect adjacent housings in each case. 3 phase units 1 and zero units 2 are provided through holes 38, 38 'on each housing 3. 38, 38 '.

V ohišju 3 fazne enote 1 (Sl. 1) je nadalje vgrajen iz električno neprevodnega gradiva sestoječ nosilec 51 talilnega vložka 6, v ohišju 3 ničelne enote 2 (Sl. 2) pa popolnoma analogno zasnovan in prav tako iz električno neprevodnega gradiva sestoječ nosilec 52 brez vgrajenega talilnega vložka. Vsak od omenjenih nosilcev 51, 52 fazne enote 1 in ničelne enote 2 je tako zasnovan in tudi v samem ohišju 3 vgrajen na ta način, da je načeloma premakljiv v dveh smereh, namreč z zasukom v cirkulami smeri in v enem položaju, namreč v izhodiščnem položaju po Sl. 1 in • ·In the housing of phase 3 unit 1 (Fig. 1), the supporting element 51 of the fusible insert 6 is further incorporated from the electrically non-conductive material, and in the housing of the 3-unit 2 (Fig. 2) it is completely analogous to the design and also of the electrically non-conductive material 52 without built-in fusible insert. Each of the said supports 51, 52 of the phase unit 1 and the zero unit 2 is designed and installed in the housing 3 in such a way that it is, in principle, movable in two directions, namely by rotation in the circular direction and in one position, namely in the starting position position according to FIG. 1 in • ·

2, tudi translatomo v radialni smeri glede na omenjen zasuk. Nadalje vsak od omenjenih nosilcev 51, 52 na svojem izven ohišja 3 segajočem koncu 510, 520 obsega upravljalni nastavek 511, 521 in skoznjo luknjo 512, 522, pri čemer je razporeditev lukenj 512, 522 na nosilcih 51, 52 identična, tako da sta luknji 512, 522 na vsakokratni ranžirni letvi druga ob drugi nameščenih in med seboj v območju lukenj 38, 38', 38, 38' svojih ohišij 3 mehansko, še zlasti s pomočjo ustreznih zatičev ali kovic, povezanih enot 1, 2 v izhodiščnem položaju nosilcev 51, 52 soosni. Na ta način je možno tudi skozi luknjo 512 nosilca 51 vsakokratne fazne enote 1 in obenem tudi skozi luknjo 522 nosilca 52 vsakokrat razpoložljive ničelne enote 2 vstaviti bodisi zatič ali kovico ali drug ustrezen povezovalni element ter na ta način med seboj mehansko povezati vsakokrat razpoložljive nosilce 51 vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih enot 1 in nosilec 52 pripadajoče ničelne enote 2.2, also a translatome in the radial direction with respect to said rotation. Further, each of said supports 51, 52 on its outside housing 3 extending end 510, 520 comprises a control nozzle 511, 521 and through hole 512, 522, the arrangement of holes 512, 522 on supports 51, 52 being identical so that the holes 512, 522 are mechanically positioned on each side of the shunt laths side by side and in the region of holes 38, 38 ', 38, 38' of their housings 3, in particular by means of suitable pins or rivets, connected units 1, 2 at the starting position of the beams 51 , 52 co-axial. In this way, it is also possible to insert either a pin or a rivet or other suitable connecting element through the hole 512 of the carrier 51 of the respective phase unit 1 and at the same time through the hole 522 of the carrier 52, thereby mechanically connecting the available carriers 51 with each other. each of the available phase units 1 and the carrier 52 of the corresponding zero unit 2.

Na Sl. 1 in 2 sta fazna enota 1 in ničelna enota 2 ponazorjeni v stanju, ko se nosilca 51 in 52 nahajata v svojem izhodiščnem položaju, v katerem je možen radialen translacijski premik nosilcev 51, 52 bodisi navznoter v ohišje 3 ali navzven iz ohišja 3 vsaj do te mere, daje v notranjost nosilca 51 fazne enote 1 možno vstaviti talilni vložek 6 oziroma slednjega iz nosilca 51 odstraniti. Kot je že bilo omenjeno, je nosilec 51 fazne enote 1 v vsakem primeru v vsako od izbranih smeri premakljiv skupaj oz. sočasno z nosilcem 52 ničelne enote 2. V ta namen sta v ohišju 3 na vsaki od njegovih notranjih bočnih ploskev 35 predvideni vodili 36, 37, namreč cirkulamo vodilo 36, ki je prirejeno za sodelovanje z nastavkom 360 na vsakokratnem nosilcu 51, 52, in radialno vodilo 37. Kadar se vsakokraten nosilec 51, 52 nahaja v ohišju 3, je po eni strani z nastavkom 360 uležiščen v območju cirkulamega vodila 36 in v svojem izhodiščnem položaju po Sl. 1 in 2 po izbiri premakljiv vzdolž radialnega vodila 37. Ko je vsakokraten nosilec 51, 52 izvlečen iz ohišja 3, se nahaja izven območja cirkularnega vodila 36, zato v takem položaju zasuk nosilca 51, 52 ni možen. Kadar pa je vsakokraten nosilec 51, 52 potisnjen proti notranjosti ohišja 3, je ustrezno voden v cirkulamem vodilu 36, s tem pa je omogočen njegov zasuk v smeri proti končnemu položaju (Sl. 5 in 6) oziroma iz slednjega nazaj v smeri proti izhodiščnemu položaju (Sl. 1 in 2), pri čemer pa je med premikanjem vzdolž cirkularnega vodila 36 preprečeno izvlečenje nosilca 51, 52 iz ohišja 3 v njegovi radialni smeri.In FIG. 1 and 2, the phase unit 1 and the zero unit 2 are illustrated in a state when the beams 51 and 52 are in their initial position in which radial translational movement of the beams 51, 52 is possible either inwardly into the housing 3 or outward from the housing 3 at least up to of such a dimension that it is possible to insert a melting cartridge 6 or to remove it from the carrier 51 inside the carrier 51 of the phase unit 1. As mentioned above, the carrier 51 of the phase unit 1 is in each case movable together or in each of the selected directions. at the same time as the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2. For this purpose, guides 36, 37 are provided in the housing 3 on each of its internal lateral surfaces 35, namely, a circular guide 36 adapted to cooperate with the extension 360 on the respective carrier 51, 52, and radial guide 37. When the respective carrier 51, 52 is located in the housing 3, it is, on the one hand, with the attachment 360 mounted in the region of the circular guide 36 and in its initial position according to FIG. 1 and 2 are optionally movable along the radial guide 37. When the respective carrier 51, 52 is withdrawn from the housing 3, it is located outside the area of the circular guide 36, so that the rotation of the carrier 51, 52 is not possible in such a position. However, when the respective carrier 51, 52 is pushed towards the inside of the housing 3, it is guided accordingly in the circular guide 36, thus allowing its rotation in the direction towards the end position (Figs. 5 and 6) or from the latter back towards the starting position. (Figs. 1 and 2), while preventing the carrier 51, 52 from being pulled out of the housing 3 in its radial direction while moving along the circular guide 36.

Kot je že bilo omenjeno, vsakokratno ohišje 3 obsega priključni sponki 33, 34, pri čemer se prva priključna sponka 33 nahaja na tistem koncu 30' ohišja 3, proti kateremu je v svojem izhodiščnem položaju (Sl. 1 in 2), v katerem ga je možno izvleči iz ohišja 3, odklonjen vsakokraten nosilec 51, 52. Druga priključna sponka 34 se nahaja na nasprotnem koncu 30 ohišja 3, proti kateremu je v svojem končnem položaju (Sl. 5 in 6), v katerem ga ni možno izvleči iz ohišja 3, odklonjen vsakokraten nosilec 51, 52. Tudi priključni sponki 33, 34 na ohišju 3 fazne enote 1 in na ohišju 3 ničelne enote 2 sta tako kot sami ohišji 3 prednostno izvedeni popolnoma identično.As previously mentioned, each housing 3 comprises connection terminals 33, 34, wherein the first connection terminal 33 is located at that end 30 'of the housing 3 against which it is in its initial position (Figs. 1 and 2), in which it is possible to remove it from the housing 3, the respective carrier 51, 52 is deflected. The second terminal clip 34 is located at the opposite end 30 of the housing 3, towards which it is in its final position (Figs. 5 and 6), in which it cannot be removed from the housing. 3, the respective carrier 51, 52 is rejected. The connection terminals 33, 34 on the housing of the 3 phase unit 1 and on the housing 3 of the zero unit 2 are also preferably exactly identical to the housing 3 itself.

Prav tako je že bilo omenjeno, da je vsaka izmed priključnih sponk 33, 34 na ohišju 3 fazne enote 1 električno povezana z vsakokrat pripadajočima električnima kontaktnima elementoma 4Γ, 41 fazne enote 1, medtem ko je pri ničelni enoti 2 vsaka izmed priključnih sponk 33, 34 na ohišju 3 električno povezana z vsakokrat pripadajočima električnima kontaktnima elementoma 42', 42 ničelne enote 2. Na priključni sponki 33, 34 fazne enote 1 je priključljiv vsakokrat razpoložljiv fazni vodnik neprikazanega električnega tokokroga, pri čemer se s stikom kontaktnih elementov 41', 41 doseže sklenitev tokokroga skozi fazni vodnik, ob razklenitvi električnih kontaktnih elementov 4Γ, 41 pa se tokokrog prekine. Povsem analogno je na priključni sponki 33, 34 ničelne enote 2 priključljiv vsakokrat razpoložljiv ničelni vodnik neprikazanega električnega tokokroga, pri čemer se s stikom kontaktnih elementov 42', 42 doseže sklenitev tokokroga skozi ničelni vodnik, medtem ko se ob razklenitvi omenjenih električnih kontaktnih elementov 42', 42 ta tokokrog prekine.It has also been mentioned that each of the terminal terminals 33, 34 on the housing 3 of the phase unit 1 is electrically connected to the respective electrical contact elements 4Γ, 41 of the phase unit 1, while at the zero unit 2, each of the terminal terminals 33, 34 on the housing 3 electrically connected to the respective electrical contact elements 42 ', 42 of the zero unit 2. At each terminal 33, 34 of the phase unit 1, the available phase conductor of the non-displayed electrical circuit is connected, contacting the contact elements 41', 41 reaches the conclusion of the circuit through the phase conductor, when the electrical contact elements 4Γ are unbuttoned, 41 the circuit is interrupted. In a completely analogous fashion, a zero conductor of a non-displayed electrical circuit is connected to the terminal unit 33, 34 of the zero unit 2, whereby the contact of the contact elements 42 ', 42 achieves the conclusion of the circuit through the zero conductor, while upon decoupling of the said electrical contact elements 42' , 42 interrupts this circuit.

Kontaktna elementa 41', 41 fazne enote 1 sta v prikazanem primeru tako zasnovana, da je prvi kontaktni element 41' konzolno vpet v območju prve priključne sponke 33 in poteka v smeri proti hrbtni površini 30 ohišja 3, na kateri je v območju pod nosilcem 51 s talilnim vložkom 6 v prikazanem primeru dodatno podprt z vzmetema 39, 39', in naprej v smeri proti drugi priključni sponki 34, s katero pa ni neposredno povezljiv. Drugi kontaktni element 41 je električno povezan z drugo priključno sponko 34 in se nahaja v položaju, kamor po zasuku nosilca 51 s talilnim vložkom 6 iz izhodiščnega položaja po Sl. 1 v končni položaj po Sl. 5 dospe omenjen talilni vložek 6. Kadar se nosilec 51 fazne enote 1 nahaja v svojem izhodiščnem položaju (Sl. 1), je električni tokokrog preko kontaktnih elementov 4Γ, 41 in priključnih sponk 33, 34 faznega vodnika prekinjen, ker se v takem položaju nosilca 51 talilni vložek 6 nahaja na odmiku od kontaktnih elementov 4Γ, 41. Po zasuku nosilca 51 v končni položaj po Sl. 5 pa v nosilcu 51 vstavljen talilni vložek 6 z enim svojim koncem 61 naleze na površino vzmetno podprtega prvega kontaktnega elementa 41' s svojim preostalim koncem 62 pa je naslonjen na drugi kontaktni element 41, tako da je preko talilnega vložka 6, kontaktnih elementov 4Γ, 41 in priključnih sponk 33, 34 sklenjen električni tokokrog fazne enote 1.In this example, the contact elements 41 ', 41 of the phase unit 1 are designed so that the first contact element 41' is cantilevered in the area of the first terminal 33 and extends towards the back surface 30 of the housing 3, in which it is in the area below the carrier 51 in the shown example, the fusible insert 6 is further supported by springs 39, 39 ', and further in the direction of the second terminal 34, with which it is not directly connected. The second contact element 41 is electrically connected to the second terminal 34 and is in a position where, after rotation of the carrier 51 with the melting insert 6 from the starting position according to FIG. 1 into the final position according to FIG. 5, the melter insert 6 mentioned above. When the carrier 51 of the phase unit 1 is in its initial position (Fig. 1), the electrical circuit is interrupted via the contact elements 4Γ, 41 and the terminal terminals 33, 34 of the phase conductor because in such a carrier position 51, the melting insert 6 is at a distance from the contact elements 4Γ, 41. After rotation of the carrier 51 to the end position according to FIG. 5, however, in the carrier 51, a melting insert 6 with one end 61 is brought to the surface of a spring-supported first contact element 41 'with its remaining end 62 resting on a second contact element 41 such that through the melter insert 6, the contact elements 4Γ, 41 and terminals 33, 34 of phase 1 electrical circuit.

Povsem analogno kot omenjena kontaktna elementa 4Γ, 41 fazne enote 1 sta lahko zasnovana kontaktna elementa 42', 42 ničelne enote 2. Prvi kontaktni element 42' ničelne enote 2 je lahko identičen prvemu kontaktnemu elementu 41' fazne enote 1 in je spet konzolno vpet v območju prve priključne sponke 33 in z vzmetjo 39 podprt na površini 30 ohišja 3 v območju pod z naslonskim robom 525 opremljenim nosilcem 52 ničelne enote 2 ter poteka naprej v smeri proti drugemu kontaktnemu elementu 42, ki pa je fiksno pričvrščen v ohišju 3 in električno povezan z drugo priključno sponko 34, tako da je prvi kontaktni element 42' zaključen v območju nad drugim kontaktnim elementom 42 in pri tem s pomočjo omenjene vzmeti 39 vselej, kadar je to možno, držan na odmiku od drugega kontaktnega elementa 42. Prvi kontaktni element 42' ničelne enote 2 je držan na odmiku od drugega kontaktnega elementa 42 omenjene enote 2 vselej, ko se nosilec 52 ničelne enote 2 nahaja v svojem izhodiščnem položaju (Sl. 2), s tem pa je električni tokokrog v ničelnem vodu prekinjen. Po drugi strani pa po zasuku omenjenega nosilca 52 iz izhodiščnega položaja po Sl. 2 v končni položaj po Sl. 6 na nosilcu 52 razpoložljiv naslonski rob 525 naleže na površino prvega kontaktnega elementa 42' in slednjega odrine proti sili vzmeti 39 in s tem v smeri proti drugemu kontaktnemu elementu 42, pri čemer se ob stiku omenjenih kontaktnih elementov 42', 42 sklene električni tokokrog skozi ničelni vodnik.Quite analogously to said contact elements 4 kontakt, 41 phase units 1, contact elements 42 ', 42 of zero unit 2 may be designed. The first contact element 42' of zero unit 2 may be identical to the first contact element 41 'of phase unit 1 and is again cantilevered into in the area of the first connection terminal 33 and with the spring 39 supported on the surface 30 of the housing 3 in the area below the support edge 525 provided with the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 and proceeds in the direction of the second contact element 42, which is fixedly fixed in the housing 3 and electrically connected with a second terminal 34, such that the first contact element 42 'is terminated in the area above the second contact element 42 and, wherever possible, kept at a distance from the second contact element 42 by means of said spring 39. The first contact element 42 'of the zero unit 2 is kept at a distance from the second contact element 42 of said unit 2 as long as the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 is in its initial position m position (Fig. 2), thereby interrupting the electrical circuit in the zero line. On the other hand, after rotating said carrier 52 from a starting position according to FIG. 2 into the final position according to FIG. 6, on the support 52, the available backing edge 525 contacts the surface of the first contact element 42 'and the latter detachment against the force of the spring 39 and thereby in the direction of the second contact element 42, whereby an electrical circuit is closed through the contact of said contact elements 42', 42 zero guide.

Kot je bilo omenjeno, je vsakokratno ohišje 3 vsake izmed vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih enot 1 pričvrščeno na neprikazani ranžirni letvi neposredno ob ohišju 3 pripadajoče ničelne enote 2, obenem pa je nosilec 52 ničelne enote 2 mehansko povezan z vsako izmed vsakokrat razpoložljivih faznih enot 1 in torej premakljiv skupaj z njimi. Po izumu je omenjen naslonski rob 525 na nosilcu 52 ničelne enote 2 razporejen na v notranjost ohišja 3 razporejenem koncu 520' nosilca 52, in sicer na tak način, da med sočasnim premikanjem nosilcev 51, 52 faznih enot 1 in ničelne enote 2 iz izhodiščnega položaja po Sl. 1 in 2, v katerem je tokokrog skozi obe enoti 1, 2 razklenjen, proti končnemu položaju po Sl. 5 in 6, v katerem je tokokrog skozi obe enoti 1, 2 sklenjen, t.j. v stanje sklenitve tokokroga, še pred nasedom talilnega vložka 6 na prvi kontaktni element 4 Γ in drugi kontaktni element 41 fazne enote 1 omenjen naslonski rob 525 nosilca 52 ničelne enote 2 naleze na prvi kontaktni element 42', ki je bil pred tem z vzmetjo 39 držan na odmiku od drugega kontaktnega elementa 42, in ga odrine v končno lego, je torej električni tokokrog v ničelni enoti 2 sklenjen še pred dospetjem nosilcev 51, 52 v končni položaj po Sl. 5 in 6.As mentioned, the respective housing 3 of each of the available phase units 1 is attached to a non-displayed shunt strip directly adjacent to the housing 3 of the corresponding zero unit 2, and at the same time the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 is mechanically connected to each of the available phase units 1 and thus moveable along with them. According to the invention, said backing edge 525 on the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 is disposed on the inside of the housing 3 of the spaced end 520 'of the carrier 52 in such a way that, while moving the carriers 51, 52 of the phase units 1 and the zero unit 2 from the starting position according to FIG. 1 and 2, in which the circuit is open through both units 1, 2 towards the end position according to FIG. 5 and 6, in which the circuit through both units 1, 2 is closed, i.e. into the circuit state of the circuit, before contacting the melter cartridge 6 on the first contact element 4 Γ and the second contact element 41 of the phase unit 1, said abutment edge 525 of the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 contacts the first contact element 42 ', which was previously with a spring 39 kept at a distance from the second contact element 42, and pushed into the final position, therefore, the electrical circuit in the zero unit 2 is closed before the carriers 51, 52 reach the final position according to FIG. 5 and 6.

Obratno pa med premikanjem nosilcev 51, 52 iz končnega položaja po Sl. 5 in 6 nazaj v izhodiščni položaj po Sl. 1 in 2, vse dokler talilni vložek 6 ob vzmetnem podprtju prvega kontaktnega elementa 41' vztraja v popolnem električnem stiku s pripadajočima kontaktnima elementoma 41’, 41 fazne enote 1, naslonski rob 525 na nosilcu 52 ničelne enote 2 pritiska na prvi kontaktni element 42' in vzdržuje ničelni tokokrog v sklenjenem stanju. Sele po tolikšnem zasuku nosilcev 51, 52 v smeri proti izhodiščnemu položaju po Sl. 1 in 2, da se talilni vložek 6 odmakne od kontaktnih elementov 4 Γ, 41 in se s tem prekine tokokrog skozi fazno enoto 1, se naslonski rob 525 na nosilcu 52 ničelne enote 2 prične odmikati od kontaktnega elementa 42' in dopusti odmik slednjega od z njim sodelujočega kontaktnega elementa 42, s čimer se prekine tudi električni tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto 2.Conversely, while moving the supports 51, 52 from the end position according to FIG. 5 and 6 back to the starting position according to FIG. 1 and 2, as long as the melting insert 6 with the spring support of the first contact element 41 'maintains complete electrical contact with the associated contact elements 41', 41 of the phase unit 1, the backing edge 525 on the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 presses on the first contact element 42 ' and maintains a zero circuit in the closed state. Only after such rotation of the supports 51, 52 in the direction of the starting position according to FIG. 1 and 2, in order to move the melting insert 6 away from the contact elements 4 Γ, 41 and thereby break the circuit through the phase unit 1, the backing edge 525 on the carrier 52 of the zero unit 2 begins to move away from the contact element 42 'and allow the latter to move away from the contact element 42'. the associated contact element 42 thereby interrupting the electrical circuit through the zero unit 2.

Med vklopom stikala, namreč med premikom nosilcev 51, 52 iz izhodiščnega položaja po Sl. 1 in 2, v katerem je tokokrog tako skozi vsako od razpoložljivih faznih enot 1 kot tudi skozi vsakokrat pripadajočo ničelno enoto 2 prekinjen, v končni položaj po Sl. 5 in 6, v katerem je tokokrog tako skozi vsako od razpoložljivih faznih enot 1 kot tudi skozi vsakokrat pripadajočo ničelno enoto 2 sklenjen, se ob vklopu stikala najprej sklene tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto 2 in šele za tem tudi tokokrog skozi vsakokrat razpoložljive fazne enote 1. Temu nasprotnoWhile switching on the switch, namely while moving the supports 51, 52 from the starting position according to FIG. 1 and 2, in which the circuit is interrupted through each of the available phase units 1 as well as through the corresponding zero unit 2 to the end position according to FIG. 5 and 6, in which a circuit is concluded through each of the available phase units 1 as well as through the corresponding zero unit 2, at first the circuit is closed through the zero unit 2 after switching on the switch and thereafter the circuit through the available phase units 1, thereafter. On the contrary

se pri izklopu stikala, torej ob premiku nosilcev 51, 52 iz končnega položaja po Sl, 5 in 6 nazaj v izhodiščni položaj po Sl. 1 in 2 najprej prekine tokokrog skozi vsakokrat razpoložljive fazne enote 2 in šele nato tudi tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto 2.when the switch is switched off, ie when the carriers 51, 52 move from the end position according to Figs. 5 and 6 back to the starting position according to Figs. 1 and 2 first interrupt the circuit through the available phase units 2, and only then terminate the circuit through the zero unit 2.

Po dospetju nosilcev 51, 52 in talilnega vložka 6 v nosilcu 51 fazne enote 1 v izhodiščni položaj po Sl. 1 in 2 je električni tokokrog skozi ničelno enoto 2 in vsakokrat razpoložljivo fazno enoto 1 na vsak način prekinjen, pri čemer je v takem položaju nosilcev 51, 52 možno slednja izvleči v radialni smeri ven iz ohišja 3 ter po potrebi iz nosilca 51 fazne enote 1 odstraniti talilni vložek 6 in ga nadomestiti z drugim, zatem pa nosilca 51, 52 z radialnim pomikom proti notranjosti ohišja 3 vrniti v izhodiščni položaj.Upon reaching the carriers 51, 52 and the melting insert 6 in the carrier 51 of the phase unit 1 to the starting position according to FIG. 1 and 2, the electrical circuit is passed through the zero unit 2 and in each case the available phase unit 1 is interrupted in any way, and in such a position the supports 51, 52 can be drawn radially out of the housing 3 and, if necessary, from the carrier 51 of the phase unit 1. remove the fusible insert 6 and replace it with another, and then return the support 51, 52 radially to the inside of the housing 3 to the starting position.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

A safety electrical switch with a melter insert (6) comprising at least one electrically conductive material consisting of, and on its back surface (30) a backrest (31) and a snap element (32) for attachment to a shunt housing (3) with terminals (33, 34) for connection to the connection conductor and thus for the installation of the switch in the electrical circuit available at all times, which, in addition to at least one phase conductor, also contains a zero conductor, with the corresponding conductors (3) inside each housing (3). 36, 37) a bearing bracket (51, 52) with a built-in type fusible insert (6), preferably at least approximately cylindrical in shape, and with electrically conductive ends (61, 62) extending over the inside of the housing (3) of the available contact elements (4Γ, 41) electrically connectable to said connection terminals (33, 34), and said carrier (51) together with the melting insert (6) being on one side thanks to a suitable guide (36) in a housing (3) rotatable from its initial position in which the electrical circuit is interrupted through the switch, to the end position in which the electrical circuit is closed through the switch, and, in the other hand, thanks to the corresponding further guide (37), in its initial position, is translatomally movable radially out of the housing (3) and in the opposite direction, at least to the extent that it is possible to insert or remove into the carrier (51) a melting insert (6), characterized in that the switch consists of at least one phase a unit (1) comprising its own housing (3) with terminal blocks (33, 34) for connection to the phase conductor of the electrical circuit available at any one time, as well as from at least one zero unit (2) also comprising its own housing (3) s terminals (33, 34) for connection to the zero conductor of the electrical circuit that is available at all times, in which case, in the housing (3) of each phase unit (1), it is generally rotatable and rotatable in the radial position, also in the radial direction, the translatomally movable carrier (51) with a nozzle (360) adapted to cooperate with said circular guide (36) in the housing (3) and the fusible insert (6) inserted in the housing (3) each zero unit (2) is also mounted thanks to the engagement of the attachment (360) with the circular guide (36) in the circular direction, rotatable in the circular direction and, in the radial direction, also in the translatome, which is in the housing (3). fitted without a melter (6), and wherein the housing (3) of the respective zero unit (2) is mechanically connected to the housing (3) of each in the same electrical circuit together with said zero unit (2) of the connected phase units (1) and at the same time, the respective carrier (52) of the respective zero unit (2) is mechanically interconnected outside the housing (3) of the spaced end (520) with the spaced end (510) of each of the carrier (51) of each spacer them, in the same electrical circuit together with said zero unit (2) of the connected phase units (1) such that any displacement of the carrier (52) of the zero unit (2) is only feasible with the simultaneous and reciprocal movement of the carriers (51) of the available phase units (1).

Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (3) of the phase unit (1) is identical to the housing (3) of the zero units (2) available at each time and that the phase units (1) and the zero units are in each case (3). (2) in order to establish a mechanical connection between the adjacent housings (3) of said units (1, 2) of the said hole (38).

Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the end (510) of the respective carrier (51) of the phase unit (1) is arranged outside the housing (3) in the same manner as the end (520) of the respective carrier (520) arranged outside the housing (3). 52) of the zero unit (2) is designed as a control nozzle (511, 512) and provided with a through hole (512, 522), and thanks to said holes (512, 522), the supports (51, 52) are in each electrical circuit of the available phase units (1) and zero units (2) are mechanically interconnected in order to ensure coordinated and simultaneous movement of the beams (51, 52) of all the interacting phase and zero units (1,2).

Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the interior of the housing (3), each phase unit (1) is provided with electrically connected contact members (33, 34) with contact elements (4Γ, 41) connected between electrically interconnectable via the melter insert (6) when the latter, together with the support (51), is in the end position of the support (51) and provided with corresponding terminal terminals inside the housing (3) of the zero unit (2). (33, 34) electrically connected contact elements (42 ', 42), of which one contact element (42') is spring-supported on one side and thus kept at a distance from the rest of the contact element (42), and on the other the supported contact element (42 ') by means of a suitable backing edge (525) provided at the inside of the housing (3) of the rising end (520') of the zero unit bracket (52) thanks to the rotation of said bracket (52) in its final position due to the establishment of the circuit sk or the zero unit (2) pressed against the rest of the contact element (42 ') in such a way that due to the mechanical interconnection on one side of the housings (3) and on the other the supports (51, 52) of the available phase units ( 1) and the zero unit (2), while moving the supports (51, 52) in the direction towards the final switching position of the switch, first contact the contact elements (42 ', 42) with the support edge (525) of the zero unit bracket (52). ) of the zero unit (2), thereby establishing an electrical circuit through the zero unit (2), and only then making contact between the melter insert (6) and the associated contact elements (4Γ, 42) of the phase unit (1), while while moving the brackets (51, 52) from the end position of the switch • · back to the starting switch-off position due to the change of the position of the brackets (51, 52) and thus the position in the bracket (51) of the phase unit (1) of the inserted melter (6) the latter moves away from the contact elements (4Γ, 41), thereby first interrupting the electrical circuit of the phase unit (1), and then allowing the spring-supported contact element (42 ') to move away from the backrest edge (525) of the zero unit (52'). the remaining contact element (42) of the zero unit (2), thereby opening the circuit in said zero unit (2) after the electrical circuit in the respective phase unit (1) is already open.

Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that a spring-supported contact element (4Γ) is mounted in the phase unit (1) on a cantilever bracket in the region of the terminal block (33) and extends in the area between the back wall (30) of the housing (3). and a support (51) with an inserted fusible insert (6) and supported by said springs (39, 39 ') on said back wall (30) of the housing (3), and the remaining contact element (41) is electrically connected to the remaining connection a clip (34) on the housing (3) and extending to the point of contact of the electrically conductive portion of the fusible insert (6) in the end position of the carrier (51) so that in the final position of the carrier (51) and in the immediate vicinity of said position the fusible insert (6) on the one hand, pressed against the spring-supported contact element (4Γ) and, on the other hand, against the remaining contact element (41), and in each of the remaining positions of the support (51), the melting insert (6) is spaced from at least one of the contact elements ( 4Γ, 41).

Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that a spring-supported contact element (42 ') is mounted in the zero unit (2) on a cantilever bracket in the region of the terminal block (33) and extends in the area between the back wall (30) of the housing (3). ) and the bracket (52) and is supported by said springs (39) on said back wall (30) of the housing (3), while the remaining contact housing (42) is electrically connected to the rest of the terminal block in the housing (3). (34) on the housing (3) and extending into the area between the spring-supported contact element (42 ') and the back wall (30) of the housing (3) so that the spring-supported contact element (42') with said spring (39) is held at away from the rest of the contact element (42) and only when the edge (525) of the carrier (52) is pressed against it by the force of said spring (39), it is pressed against said fixed contact element (42).