SI22951A - Procedure and device for continuous stabilisation and transformation of biodegradable sludge into composite building materials - Google Patents
Procedure and device for continuous stabilisation and transformation of biodegradable sludge into composite building materials Download PDFInfo
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- SI22951A SI22951A SI200900018A SI200900018A SI22951A SI 22951 A SI22951 A SI 22951A SI 200900018 A SI200900018 A SI 200900018A SI 200900018 A SI200900018 A SI 200900018A SI 22951 A SI22951 A SI 22951A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010852 non-hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000109 continuous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
Končni kompozitni materialFinished composite material
POSTOPEK IN NAPRAVA ZA KONTINUIRANO STABILIZACIJO IN PRETVORBO BIORAZGRADL JIVIH MUL JEV V KOMPOZITNE GRADBENE MATERIALEPROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS STABILIZATION AND CONVERSION OF BIODEGRADATION OF LIVING MOLES TO COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Predmet izumaThe subject of the invention
Predmet izuma je postopek in naprava za kontinuirano stabilizacijo in pretvorbo biorazgradljivih muljev v kompozitne gradbene materiale z dodatkom pepelov.The subject of the invention is a process and apparatus for the continuous stabilization and conversion of biodegradable sludge into composite building materials with the addition of ash.
Opis problemaProblem description
Biorazgradljivi mulji so produkti, ki nastajajo v naravi kot usedline v rekah, jezerih in morjih ali kot produkti čiščenja komunalnih in industrijskih vod. Glede na izvor je njihova sestava različna, skupna značilnost pa je, da na mestu nastanka predstavljajo obremenitev za okolje. Načini reševanja problematike obvladovanja biorazgradljivih muljev različnih izvorov so različni, glede na njihovo sestavo, vsebnost nenevarnih in nevarnih komponent, razpoložljivih infrastrukturnih objektov v posameznem okolju - državi, ter vsakokratnih zahtev veljavne zakonodaje ipd. Uporabljajo se sežigalnice, kompostame ipd.Biodegradable sludges are products that occur in nature as sediment in rivers, lakes and seas or as products of urban and industrial water treatment. Depending on their origin, their composition is different, and the common feature is that they represent a burden on the environment at the place of origin. There are different ways of solving the problem of controlling biodegradable sludges of different sources, depending on their composition, the content of non-hazardous and dangerous components, available infrastructure facilities in each environment - country, and the respective requirements of the applicable legislation, etc. Incinerators, composts, etc. are used.
Biorazgradljivi mulji so v splošnem sestavljeni iz organskega in anorganskega dela, odvisno od izvora. Poseben problem predstavlja organski del, ki pri procesu gnitja sprošča večje količine toplogrednih in strupenih plinov, npr. metan, ogljikov dioksid in/ali žveplovodik, zato je njihovo deponiranje prepovedano.Biodegradable sludges are generally composed of organic and inorganic parts, depending on their origin. One particular problem is the organic part, which releases large quantities of greenhouse and toxic gases during the rotting process, e.g. methane, carbon dioxide and / or sulfur, so their deposition is prohibited.
Komunalni biorazgradljivi mulji nastajajo pri procesu kemijskega, mehanskega in biorazgradljivega čiščenja odpadnih vod na vodočistilnih napravah. Po procesih čiščenja nastaja mulj z vsebnostjo od 2 do 5 masnih % suhe snovi. Poseben problem za okolje predstavljajo patogeni organizmi različnih vrst in oblik zato je mulje pred nadaljno uporabo potrebno biološko stabilizirati. Eden od najpogosteje uporabljenih načinov stabilizacije biorazgradljivih muljev je njihova stabilizacija z uporabo apna, raziskani pa so tudi učinki stabilizacije pri uporabi pepelov. Pri procesu stabilizacje se z uporabo apna doseže sproščanje toplote zaradi hidratizacije apna in dvig pH vrednosti do 12,5 kar uniči patogene organizme. Pri pH vrednostiMunicipal biodegradable sludges are generated by the process of chemical, mechanical and biodegradable wastewater treatment at water treatment plants. After the cleaning process, a sludge containing from 2 to 5% by weight of dry matter is formed. Pathogenic organisms of different species and forms are a particular environmental problem and sludge needs to be biologically stabilized before further use. One of the most commonly used methods of stabilizing biodegradable sludges is their stabilization using lime, and the effects of stabilization on the use of ash have been investigated. In the process of stabilization, the release of heat is achieved by the use of lime due to the hydration of lime and raising the pH to 12.5, which destroys pathogens. At pH
-2nad 12,4 postanejo topne soli težkih kovin netopne in se ne izlužujejo.-2 Above 12.4 the soluble salts of heavy metals become insoluble and do not leach.
Dokazano je, učinek delovanja dodanega pepela enak kot pri uporabi apna. Kljub temu pa uporaba pepelov za stabilizacijo biorazgradljivih muljev ni našla širše uporabe. Vzrok je v šaržnem načinu stabilizacije pri uporabi apna, ki zahteva velike volumne shranjevanja biorazgradljivih muljev in apna pred stabilizacijo. Pri skladiščenju biorazgradljivega mulja prihaja do nezaželjenih aerobnih in anaerobnih procesov gnitja kar vodi do emisij toplogrednih plinov in smradu v okolje.It is proven that the effect of the added ash is the same as that of using lime. However, the use of ash to stabilize biodegradable sludge has not been widely used. The cause is in batch stabilization mode using lime, which requires large volumes of storage of biodegradable sludge and lime prior to stabilization. The storage of biodegradable sludge results in unwanted aerobic and anaerobic rotting processes leading to greenhouse gas emissions and odor to the environment.
Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art
Po prijavitelju razpoložljivih informacijah trenutno ne obstaja tehnologija, ki bi omogočala kontinuirano snovno predelave biorazgradljivih muljev, to je komunalnih, industrijskih in pristaniških muljev. Predeluje se samo zgoščeno in delno posušeno blato, ki nastaja pri čiščenju odpadnih voda na vodočistilnih napravah.According to the applicant, the available information does not currently have the technology to allow the continuous material recovery of biodegradable sludge, that is, municipal, industrial and port sludge. Only concentrated and partially dried sludge is recovered, which is produced by wastewater treatment at water treatment plants.
Z dodatki pepelov različnih izvorov se biorazgradljivi mulji lahko stabilizirajo. Z dodatno obdelavo stabiliziranih biorazgradljivih in pristaniških muljev lahko pripravimo kompozitne gradbene materiale.With the addition of ash from different sources, biodegradable sludge can be stabilized. With the additional treatment of stabilized biodegradable and port sludge composite construction materials can be prepared.
V patentu z oznako US RE 38,238 (Avgust 26, 2003) je opisana uporaba alkalnih sredstev za stabilizacijo biorazgradljivih muljev z namenom uničenja delovanja patogenih organizmov.US Patent No. 38,238 (August 26, 2003) describes the use of alkaline agents to stabilize biodegradable sludge for the purpose of destroying pathogens.
V patentu US 5,277,826 (January 11, 1994) je opisana uporaba pepela, kjer pri dodatku biorazgradljivim muljem reagira eksotermno, sproščena toplota dvigne temperaturo zmesi do 70° C in jo vzdržuje do 30 minut. Ph vrednost zmesi presega vrednost 12,0 v trajanju do 2 ur. Dobljeni produkt je primeren kot sanitarna prekrivka za deponije nenevarnih odpadkov.US 5,277,826 (January 11, 1994) describes the use of ash, where when added to biodegradable sludge it reacts exothermically, the released heat raises the temperature of the mixture to 70 ° C and maintains it for up to 30 minutes. The pH value of the mixture exceeds the value of 12.0 for up to 2 hours. The product obtained is suitable as a sanitary cover for landfills of non-hazardous waste.
Patent US 4,539,121 (January 18, 1984) opisuje možnost povišanja suhe snovi morskemu blatu z dodatkom žlindre.U.S. Patent 4,539,121 (January 18, 1984) describes the possibility of increasing the dry matter of marine sludge by adding slag.
Nobena od opisanih rešitev ne predvideva kontinuirane stabilizacije biorazgradljivega mulja z dodatkom pepela in njihove izrabe za pripravo gradbenih kompozitnih materialov.None of the solutions described provides for the continuous stabilization of biodegradable sludge with the addition of ash and their use for the preparation of building composite materials.
-3Naloga izuma je takšen postopek in naprava ki bosta omogočala kontinuirano stabilizacijo in pretvorbo biorazgradljivih muljev v kompozitne gradbene materiale z dodatkom pepelov.The object of the invention is such a process and device that will allow the continuous stabilization and conversion of biodegradable sludge into composite building materials with the addition of ash.
Opis izumaDescription of the invention
Rešitev po izumu omogoča stabilizacijo biorazgradljivih muljev po kontuiranem postopku z uporabo pepelov in njihovo pretvorbo v uporaben kompozitni gradbeni material z uporabo pepelov in drugih kompozitnih dodatkov. Dva sicer ločena šaržna postopka sta združena v kontinuiran proces.The solution according to the invention enables the stabilization of biodegradable sludges by a continuous process using ash and converting them into usable composite building materials using ash and other composite additives. The two otherwise separate batch processes are combined into a continuous process.
Tehnična rešitev temelji na mešanju biorazgradljivega mulja, ki vsebuje od 2 do 5 masnih % biorazgradljivih komponent, s pepelom ki vsebuje do 80 masnih % zemljoalkalijskih in/ali kovinskih oksidov, npr. CaO, MgO, Fe2O3. Zaradi eksotermne reakcije hidratacije oksidov se sprosti toplota, ki segreje reakcijsko zmes, to je stabilizat do 65° C, pH vrednost naraste 12,5. Učinka povišane temperature in povišane pH vrednosti preprečita nadaljnje delovanje mikroorganizmov, ki povzročajo biološki razkroj organskih snovi in neželene stranske reakcije.The technical solution is to mix biodegradable sludge containing from 2 to 5% by weight of biodegradable components with ash containing up to 80% by weight of alkaline earth and / or metal oxides, e.g. CaO, MgO, Fe 2 O3. Due to the exothermic hydration reaction of the oxides, heat is released, which warms the reaction mixture, that is, the stabilizer to 65 ° C, and the pH value rises to 12.5. The effects of high temperature and increased pH value prevent the further action of microorganisms that cause biological degradation of organic matter and undesirable side reactions.
Z doseganjem vsebnosti suhe snovi nad 60 masnih % material preide v polsuho zdrobljeno obliko, ki zaradi poculanskih lastnosti dodanega pepela otrdi. Dodatek drugih kompozitnih dodatkov kot so pepel, cement, apno, mikrosilika, porcelani, žlindre, naravna in umetna vlakna, vermikulit in/ali diatomejske zemlje dodatno vpliva na kemijske, mehanske, biološke, geomehanske in hidromehanske lastnosti končnega materiala in določa njegovo končno uporabo, ki je lahko izgradnja cest, športnih terenov, enostavne pristaniške infrastrukture, ter za izgradnjo in tesnenje odlagališč nenevarnih odpadkov itd.By reaching a dry matter content of more than 60% by weight, the material goes into a semi-crushed form, which hardens due to the additive properties of the added ash. The addition of other composite additives such as ash, cement, lime, microsilica, porcelain, slag, natural and artificial fibers, vermiculite and / or diatomaceous earth further affects the chemical, mechanical, biological, geomechanical and hydromechanical properties of the final material, and determines its final use, which can be the construction of roads, sports fields, simple port infrastructure, and the construction and sealing of landfills for non-hazardous waste, etc.
Izum bo opisan na osnovi izvedbenega primera in skic, ki prikazujeta:The invention will be described on the basis of an embodiment and sketches showing:
Skica 1 Shema kontinuimega postopka stabilizacije biorazgradljivih muljev ter pripravo kompozitnih materialov uporabnih v gradbeništvu.Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a continuous stabilization process for biodegradable sludge and preparation of composite materials useful in construction.
Skica 2 Shema naprave za kontinuirno stabilizacijo biorazgradljivh muljev ter pripravo kompozitnih materialov za uporabo v gradbeništvu.Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a device for the continuous stabilization of biodegradable sludge and the preparation of composite materials for use in construction.
-4Postopek po izumu in s tem tehnološka izvedba je prikazana na skici 1. Odpadne komunalne in tehnološke vode se predela na biorazgradljivi čistilni napravi, prikazani na sliki 1 spodaj. Tok 1 biorazgradljivega mulja se znotraj biološke čistilne naprave vodi v stopnjo zgoščevanja z usedanjem. Ustvari se tok delno zgoščenega biorazgradljivega mulja 2. V delno zgoščeni biorazgradljivi mulj 2, ki vsebuje od 2 do 5 masnih % suhe snovi se kontinuirano dodaja pepel 3 na način, da se doseže razmerje, ki omogoča biološko stabilnost končnega produkta. Optimalni dodatek pepela na vstopu v statično mešalno posodo je od 2 do 5 masnih % glede na masni tok 2. Dobljena mešanica 4 se prečrpa v statično mešalno posodo 5. Znotraj statične mešalne posode se ustvari turbulentni tok mešanice, ki omogoča popolno mešanje komponent. Optimalni reakcijski, to je zadrževalni čas je odvisen od geometrije posode, pretokov in vrste biorazgradljivega mulja. Hidromehanski pogoji ustvarijo pogoje za reakcijo hidratizacije oksidov iz pepela. Velja pravilo, da večja je turbulenca, krajši je reakcijski čas, reakcija pa je končana ko pride do popolnega mešanja. V okviru opisa izuma ni mogoče zajeti vseh mogočih kombinacij, ki se v praksi pojavijo in so odvisne od različnih virov mulja tako po izvoru kot velikosti, različne predpriprave delno zgoščenega mulja, različnih proizvajalcev opreme. Tako sledi, da se ne da enoznačno opredeliti mešalne posode, ampak bo naprava narejena za vsak primer posebej, tu pa se določenemu delu eksperimetiranja in projektantskega preračunavanja ne da izogniti. Temperatura v stabilizatu se dvigne zaradi sproščanja kemijske toplote. Glede na pretoke mulja in pepela in sestavo pepela se ne da eksaktno določiti temperature zmesi. Najvišja temperatura pa je 65 ° C. Tvorba hidroksidov dvige pH vrednost zmesi do 12,5. S tem se ustvarijo pogoji za uničenje delovanja mikroorganizmov. Stabiliziran mulj 6 ki ima sestavo od 5 do 8 masnih % suhe snovi, temperaturo do 65 0 C in pH vrednost do 12,5, se vodi v sistem kontinuimega zgoščevanja 7. V sistemu kontinuimega zgoščevanja se iz toka stabiliziranega mulja 6 odstrani izcedna voda 9, ki se jo vodi nazaj v sistem čiščenja. Vsebnost pepela v toku stabilizata v procesu zgoščevanja naraste na 35,0 do 50,0 masnih %. Zgoščeni stabilizat 8 ima vsebnost vode od 63,9 do 49,2 masnih % ter od 1,1 do 0,8 masnih % organskih primesi.-4 The process according to the invention and thus the technological embodiment is shown in Figure 1. Waste municipal and process water is recovered on the biodegradable treatment plant shown in Figure 1 below. A stream of 1 biodegradable sludge is directed to the settling stage by settling within the biological treatment plant. A stream of partially concentrated biodegradable sludge is generated 2. In partially concentrated biodegradable sludge 2 containing from 2 to 5% by weight of dry matter, ash 3 is continuously added in such a way as to achieve a ratio that enables the biological stability of the final product. The optimum ash content at the inlet of the static mixing tank is 2 to 5% by weight based on the mass flow 2. The resulting mixture 4 is pumped into the static mixing tank 5. A turbulent mixture flow is created inside the static mixing tank to allow complete mixing of the components. The optimum reaction time, that is, the residence time, depends on the geometry of the container, the flow rates and the type of biodegradable sludge. Hydromechanical conditions create the conditions for the reaction of hydration of oxides from ash. The rule is that the greater the turbulence, the shorter the reaction time, and the reaction is complete when complete mixing occurs. The description of the invention does not cover all possible combinations that occur in practice and depend on different sludge sources, both in origin and size, different pre-treatment of partially concentrated sludge, by different equipment manufacturers. Thus, it is not possible to uniquely identify the mixing vessels, but the device will be made on a case-by-case basis, and some experimentation and design calculation cannot be avoided here. The temperature in the stabilizer rises due to the release of chemical heat. Depending on the sludge and ash flows and the composition of the ash, it is not possible to determine exactly the temperature of the mixture. The maximum temperature is 65 ° C. The formation of hydroxides raises the pH of the mixture to 12.5. This creates the conditions for the destruction of microorganisms. Stabilized sludge 6 having a composition of 5 to 8% by weight of dry matter, temperature up to 65 0 C and pH value up to 12.5 is fed to a continuous thickening system 7. In a continuous thickening system, leachate is removed from the stabilized sludge stream 6 9 , which is taken back to the cleaning system. The ash content of the stabilizer stream increases to 35.0 to 50.0% by weight in the thickening process. Concentrated stabilizer 8 has a water content of 63.9 to 49.2% by weight and 1.1 to 0.8% by weight of organic matter.
Zgoščeni stabilizat 8 se vodi v sistem priprave končnega kompozitnega produkta v horizontalni kontinuimi mešalec 10. V sistemu priprave končnega kompozitnega produkta se zgoščeni stabilizat 8 meša s pepelom 11 ter drugimi dodatki 12 kot so cement, livarski pesek, mikrosilikati, porcelan, žlindre, diatomejske zemlje, vermikulit ipd., ki vplivajo na končno lastnost in uporabnost proizvedenega kompozitnega produkta 13. Razmerje med zgoščenimConcentrated stabilizer 8 is fed to the system of preparation of the final composite product in a horizontal continuous mixer 10. In the system of preparation of the final composite product, the concentrated stabilizer 8 is mixed with ash 11 and other additives 12 such as cement, foundry sand, microsilicates, porcelain, slag, diatomaceous earth , vermiculite, etc., which affect the final properties and usefulness of the composite product produced 13. Ratio of concentrated
-5stabilizatom in pepelom, ki določa končne lastnosti kompozitnega produkta je od 0,8 do 2,0 preračunano na suho snov zgoščenega stabilizata. Končni produkt kot kompozitni material vsebuje od 64,8 do 83,7 masnih % suhe snovi. Ob dodatku drugega kompozitnega dodatka 12 z namenom spremeniti/izboljšati geomehanske, hidromehanske, kemijske in biološke lastnosti ter uporabnost kompozitnega materiala 13, vsebnost suhe snovi naraste glede na količino dodanega drugega dodatka 12. V skici 1 so s P označene črpalke, z V ventili in z M motorji.-5 stabilizers and ash, which determines the final properties of the composite product, are calculated from 0.8 to 2.0 on the dry matter of the concentrated stabilizer. The final product as a composite material contains from 64.8 to 83.7% by weight of dry matter. With the addition of the second composite additive 12 in order to modify / improve the geomechanical, hydromechanical, chemical and biological properties and usefulness of the composite material 13, the dry matter content increases with the amount of the second additive 12 added. In Figure 1, the pumps, V valves and with M engines.
Naprava po izumu za kontiunirano stabilizacijo in pretvorbo muljev v kompozitne materiale je prikazana na skici 2. Sestavljena iz treh sklopov:The device according to the invention for continuous stabilization and conversion of sludge into composite materials is shown in Figure 2. It consists of three sets:
- statičnega mešala 5,- static mixer 5,
- tračne večstopenjeke filtme preše 7- multi - stage tape presses 7
- kontinuiranega horizontalnega mešala 10.- continuous horizontal mixer 10.
Vsak od posameznih treh sklopov predstavlja že znane tehnične rešitve, njihova povezava v napravo pa tvori tehnično in tehnološko rešitev za kontinuirano stabilizacijo muljev in njihovo pretvorbo v kompozitne gradbene materiale.Each of the individual three sets represents already known technical solutions, and their connection to the device forms a technical and technological solution for the continuous stabilization of sludges and their conversion to composite building materials.
Kot prikazuje skica 2, napravo za kontinuirano stabilizacijo in pretvorbo biorazgradljivih muljev v kompozitne gradbene materiale z dodatkom pepelov sestavljajo statično mešalo 5 v katerega vstopa mešanica delno zgoščenega biorazgradljivega mulja in pepela. Statična mešala so v cevni izvedbi in se vpnejo neposredno v cevovod. Po obliki in konstrukciji zagotavljajo nastanek turbulentnega toka saj je to njihov tehnološki namen. Geometrija je odvisna od proizvajalca statičnega mešala. Velikost določa premer, dolžina pa je že pogojena s premerom, je odvisna od konsistence in pretoka snovi, ter se določa od primera do primera in jo določi projektant strojne stroke. V statičnem mešalu 5 se ustvari turbulentni tok mešanice, ki omogoči popolno mešanje delno zgoščenega biorazgradljivega blata in pepela. Statično mešalo 5 je s cevjo povezano s tračno filtmo prešo 7, ki služi za zgoščevanje in odstranjevanje vode iz stabilizata. Znotraj tračne filtrne preše 7 se stabilizat, to je stabilizirana mešanica delno zgoščenega biorazgradljivega blata in pepela, porazdeli na prerforiran tekoči trak 14 tako, da mešanica blata in pepela pada na vstopni del traku 14. V času transporta na perforiranem traku 14 se iz stabilizata s pomočjo gravitacije odcedi večji del vode, ki se zbira v zbiralniku 15. Učinkovitost izcejanja vode se poveča z ustvarjanjem pritiska na stabilizat s pomočjo zavese aliAs shown in Figure 2, a device for the continuous stabilization and conversion of biodegradable sludge into composite ash-containing composite materials consists of a static mixer 5 into which a mixture of partially concentrated biodegradable sludge and ash enters. Static mixers are piped and clamped directly into the pipeline. By their shape and construction, they ensure the formation of a turbulent flow as this is their technological purpose. The geometry depends on the manufacturer of the static mixer. The size determines the diameter, and the length is already conditioned by the diameter, depends on the consistency and flow of the substance, and is determined on a case-by-case basis and determined by the engineer. In the static mixer 5, a turbulent flow of the mixture is created that allows the partially concentrated biodegradable sludge and ash to be completely mixed. The static mixer 5 is connected by a tube to a strap filter press 7 which serves to thicken and remove water from the stabilizer. Within the belt filter press 7, the stabilizer, that is, the stabilized mixture of partially concentrated biodegradable sludge and ash, is distributed to the perforated conveyor belt 14 so that the sludge / ash mixture falls on the inlet portion of the strip 14. During transport on the perforated strip 14, gravity drains most of the water that is collected in the reservoir 15. The efficiency of water draining is increased by creating pressure on the stabilizer by means of a curtain or
-6valja. Delno zgoščen stabilizat se razporedi na transportno/filtemi trak 16, ki stabilizat transportira do sistema perforiranih valjev 17 na katere sta vpeta filtema trakova 16 in 18. Filtema trakova ustvarita režo med katerima se delno zgoščeni stabilizat stisne nakar se transportira do perforiranega valja 19, kjer pride do nizkotlačne filtracije. Za doseganje končne suhote se stabilizat stisnjen med dva fiterska trakova vodi skozi sistem perforiranih valjev 20 na katere sta vpeta transportna/filtema trakova 16 in 18. Izcedna voda se zbira na zbiralnem pladnju 21 od tam pa se vodi v sistem čiščenja na čistilno napravo. Stabilizat se preko sistema transportnih trakov vodi na vhod v kontinuimi dvovijačni mešalnik 10 kjer se mu primeša pepel in po potrebi kompozitni dodatek 12. Kontinuimi dvovijačni mešalnik je sestavljen iz jeklenega ohišja, ki ima vgrajene dve osi, ki se vrtita v nasprotni smeri ena na drugo in ki sta opremljeni z lopatastimi rezili, ki omogočajo mešanje polsuhih in pastoznih materialov. Na izhodu iz horizontalnega dvovijačnega mešalnika dobimo končni kompozitni material 13, ki se ga v razsutem stanju ali pakiranega dostavlja končnim uporabnikom.-6valja. The partially thickened stabilizer is arranged on a conveyor / filte tape 16, which transports the stabilizer to a system of perforated cylinders 17 to which the strap filters 16 and 18 are clamped. low-pressure filtration occurs. To achieve the final dryness, the stabilizer is sandwiched between two filter strips through a system of perforated cylinders 20 to which the conveyor / filter strips 16 and 18 are secured. The stabilizer is conveyed via a conveyor system to the inlet of a continuous two-screw mixer 10 where ash is mixed and, if necessary, a composite additive 12. The continuous two-screw mixer consists of a steel housing having two axes rotating in opposite directions to each other. and which are provided with blade blades to allow mixing of semi-dry and paste materials. At the exit of the horizontal two-screw mixer, a final composite material 13 is obtained, which is delivered in bulk or packaged to end users.
Postopek po izumu je torej značilen po tem, da se biorazgradljivi mulj z vsebnostjo od 2 do 5 masnih % suhe snovi v statičnem mešalu zmeša s pepeli v stabilizat na način, da se doseže končna vsebnost suhe snovi od 5 do 8 masnih %, temperatura do 65° C in pH vrednost do 12,5, ter da se stabilizat zgosti do vsebnosti suhe snovi od 35 do 50 masnih % ter zmeša s pepelom v masnem razmerju 0,8 do 2,0 ter opcijsko z drugimi kompozitnimi dodatki in se proizvede kompozitni produkt z vsebnostjo od 64,8 do 83,7 masnih % suhe snovi. Navedeni drugi kompozitnimi dodatki so cement, livarski pesek, mikrosilikati, porcelani, diatomejske zemlje, vermikulit, gradbeni peski, anorganska in organska sintetična vlakna in/ali žlindre in to do 50 masnih % kompozitnega dodatka na suho snov kompozitnega produkta.The process of the invention is thus characterized in that the biodegradable sludge containing from 2 to 5% by weight of the dry matter in the static mixer is mixed with the ash into the stabilizer in such a way as to achieve a final dry matter content of 5 to 8% by weight, up to 65 ° C and pH up to 12.5, and to stabilize the stabilizer to a dry matter content of 35 to 50% by weight and mix it with ash in a weight ratio of 0.8 to 2.0 and optionally with other composite additives and produce composite product containing from 64.8 to 83.7% by weight of dry matter. The other composite additives mentioned are cement, foundry sand, microsilicates, porcelain, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, building sands, inorganic and organic synthetic fibers and / or slag, up to 50% by weight of the composite additive on the dry matter of the composite product.
Naprava po izumu je torej značilna po tem, da sestoji iz statičnega mešala 5 povezanega z večstopenjskim tračnim filterskim zgoščevalnikom 7, ki je nadalje povezan s kontinuirnim horizontalnim mešalnikom 10 in da izvaja opisani postopek po po izumu.The device according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it consists of a static mixer 5 connected to a multi-stage tape filter concentrator 7, which is further connected to a continuous horizontal mixer 10 and performs the described process according to the invention.
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| EP2982450A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-10 | Stonex d.o.o. | In-situ process for stabilization and solidification of contaminated soil into composite material - building material |
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| EP2982450A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-10 | Stonex d.o.o. | In-situ process for stabilization and solidification of contaminated soil into composite material - building material |
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