SI22107A - Core of current magnetic circuit in induction electric meter - Google Patents

Core of current magnetic circuit in induction electric meter Download PDF

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SI22107A
SI22107A SI200500202A SI200500202A SI22107A SI 22107 A SI22107 A SI 22107A SI 200500202 A SI200500202 A SI 200500202A SI 200500202 A SI200500202 A SI 200500202A SI 22107 A SI22107 A SI 22107A
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core
total length
cutouts
cross
ferromagnetic material
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SI200500202A
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Slovenian (sl)
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Damijan Chvatal
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Iskraemeco Merjenje In Upravljanje Energije, D.D.
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Priority to SI200500202A priority Critical patent/SI22107A/en
Publication of SI22107A publication Critical patent/SI22107A/en

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Abstract

The core is fitted with cutouts (3', 3") in a ferromagnetic material, which attain up to the half cross-section area of the full core with the same outer dimensions on the location of an individual cross-section. Total length of all cutouts (3', 3"), measured along core columns (1) amounts from 20 % up to 50 %, preferentially 40 %, of the total length of the centre magnetic field line, from its entering to its exiting point, in the full core of the same outer dimensions. The silicon content in the ferromagnetic core material lies under 1,8 %. A better equalization of meter's load curves is achieved for the values of power factor cos phi equal to 1 and cos phi equal to 0,5 at low load currents. A cheaper material can be used for the manufacture which allows a more price favourable core construction than in the case of core lamellae, provided a "warty packaging" procedure is applied.

Description

Jedro tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcuThe core of a current magnetic circuit in an induction electric meter

Izum se nanaša na jedro tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu, za katero se po izboljšavi po izumu njegove izvedbe lahko uporabi feromagnetni material z nižjo permeabilnostjo, ki je primeren za bradavično paketiranje lamel jedra.The invention relates to the core of a current magnetic circuit in an induction electric meter, for which, after the improvement of the invention of its embodiment, a ferromagnetic material with lower permeability suitable for nipple packing of the core blades can be used.

Izum je po mednarodni klasifikaciji patentov uvrščen v razred G 01R 11/073.The invention is classified in class G 01R 11/073 according to the International Patent Classification.

Obremenitvene krivulje indukcijskega električnega števca podajajo vrednost pogreška Δ pri izmerku tega števca v odvisnosti od jakosti I obremenilnega toka, in sicer vsakič za določeno vrednost faktoqa moči cos Φ, kjer je Φ fazna razlika med napetostjo in tokom. Na sl. 1 sta za cos Φ = 1 - izvlečena krivulja - in cos Φ = 0,5 - črtkana krivulja - prikazani obremenitveni krivulji indukcijskega električnega števca, ki je opremljen z znanim jedrom tokovnega magnetnega kroga. Jakost temeljnega toka števca je označena z Ib.The load curves of an induction electric meter give the value of the error Δ when measuring this meter, depending on the strength I of the load current, each time for a given value of the power factor cos Φ, where Φ is the phase difference between voltage and current. In FIG. 1, for cos Φ = 1 - drawn curve - and cos Φ = 0.5 - dashed curve - the load curves of an induction electric meter equipped with the known nucleus of the current magnetic circuit are shown. The strength of the fundamental flow of the meter is indicated by Ib.

Obremenitveni krivulji, ki sta prikazani na sl. 1 in na kateri se pozneje nanaša opis, sta posneti za indukcijski električni števec, v katerem je prikazani pogrešek Δ že kompenziran z napetostnim pomožnim momentom.The load curves shown in FIG. 1 and to which the description subsequently relates are recorded for an induction electrical counter in which the displayed error Δ is already compensated by the voltage auxiliary torque.

Za indukcijski električni števec običajno standardi zahtevajo merilne lastnosti deklariranega razreda točnosti tako pri faktoiju moči cos Φ = 1 v območju jakosti I obremenilnega toka od vrednosti I/Ib = 5 % do maksimalne vrednosti jakosti toka, ki je navedena na napisni tablici števca, kot tudi pri faktoiju moči cos Φ = 0,5 v območju jakosti I obremenilnega toka od vrednosti I/Ib = 10 % do omenjene maksimalne vrednosti jakosti toka.For an induction electric meter, the standards usually require the measurement properties of the declared accuracy class for both the power factor cos Φ = 1 in the range I of load current from I / Ib = 5% to the maximum value of current indicated on the rating plate as well as for a power factor cos Φ = 0,5 in the range of the current I of the load current from the value of I / Ib = 10% to the said maximum value of the current.

Potek posamezne obremenitvene krivulje indukcijskega električnega števca zavisi od lege delovnega področja na magnetilni krivulji B(H) za feromagnetni material jedra tokovnega magnetnega kroga, torej od vrednosti jakosti H magnetnega polja v omenjenem jedru oziroma jakosti toka skozi tuljavico na tem jedru. Pri nizki vrednosti jakosti tega toka delovno področje leži v področju kr kolena magnetilne krivulje B(H), pri višji vrednosti jakosti toka pa lahko leži v njenem premočrtnem področju sir (sl. 2). Pri nizki vrednosti jakosti toka je pogrešek indukcijskega števca z znanim jedrom v tokovnem magnetnem krogu velik, saj sta tedaj v delovnem področju vrednost permeabilnosti nizka in njen potek v področju kr kolena nelinearen. Predvsem pa se pri nizki vrednosti jakosti toka med seboj zelo razlikujeta poteka obremenitvenih krivulj za vrednosti 1 in 0,5 faktoija moči.The course of an individual load curve of an induction electric meter depends on the position of the working area on the magnetic curve B (H) for the ferromagnetic material of the core of the current magnetic circuit, ie on the value of the magnetic field strength H in said nucleus or the current through the coil on that nucleus. At a low value of the current intensity, the working area lies in the area of the knee of the magnetic curve B (H), and at a higher value of the current intensity, it can lie in its straight line cheese (Fig. 2). At a low value of current strength, the error of an induction meter with a known nucleus in the current magnetic circuit is large, since then the permeability value is low in the work area and its course in the field of the knee is nonlinear. Above all, at a low value of current strength, the load curves for values 1 and 0.5 of the power factor are very different.

Obremenitvena krivulja se pri nizki obremenitvi sicer izboljša, če se poveča permeabilnost pločevine za lamele, na primer s tem da se predhodno žari. Toda zaradi dodatnega postopka v proizvodnji indukcijskih električnih števcev se poveča njihova proizvodna cena, poleg tega pa je potrebno individualno umeriti vsakega od njih.Otherwise, the load curve improves at low load if the permeability of the slats is increased, for example by pre-annealing. However, due to the additional process in the production of induction electric meters, their production price is increased, and each of them must be calibrated individually.

Sicer se permeabilnost feromagnetne pločevine, iz katere se izdelajo lamele jedra, poveča tudi z višjo vsebnostjo silicija v pločevini, ki se poleg tega odlikuje tudi po nižji histerezni izgubi. Toda za cenovno najugodnejši postopek spenjanja lamel v jedro po postopku bradavičnega paketiranja po Fasten tehnologiji se potrebuje pločevina, ki ni krhka. Zato mora biti njena vsebnost silicija nizka, in sicer pod 1,8 %.Otherwise, the permeability of the ferromagnetic sheet from which the core blades are made is also increased by the higher silicon content of the sheet, which is also distinguished by a lower hysteresis loss. However, the most cost-effective process of fastening the lamellae to the core after the Fasten technology of wart packing requires a non-brittle sheet. Therefore, its silicon content should be low, below 1.8%.

Tehnični problem izuma je v tem, kako izvesti izboljšano jedro tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu, ki naj bo po eni strani iz pločevine, ki omogoča spenjanje lamel po postopku bradavičnega paketiranja, po drugi strani pa naj povzroči premik delovnega področja nad koleno na magnetilni krivulji za material jedra tokovnega magnetnega kroga.The technical problem of the invention is how to perform an improved core magnetic circuit in an induction electric meter, which should be on the one hand from the sheet, which allows the coupling of the lamellae after the wart packing process, and on the other, cause the work area to move above the knee on the magnetic curves for the material of the core of the current magnetic circuit.

Navedeni tehnični problem je rešen z izboljšanim jedrom tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu, ki je opredeljeno z značilnostmi iz označujočega dela prvega patentnega zahtevka, podzahtevki pa opredeljujejo izvedbene primere in njihove variante.Said technical problem is solved by an improved core magnetic circuit in an induction electric meter, which is defined by the features of the marking part of the first patent claim, and the sub-claims define embodiments and variants thereof.

Z izumom izboljšano jedro tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu omogoči boljšo izenačenost števčevih obremenitvenih krivulj za vrednosti faktoija moči cos Φ med 1 in 0,5 pri nizkih obremenilnih tokovih. Obenem se za izdelavo tega izboljšanega jedra lahko uporabi cenejši material z nižjo vsebnostjo silicija, ki pa omogoča cenovno ugodnejši postopek sestavljanja jedra iz lamel s pomočjo bradavičnega paketiranja.With the invention, the improved core of the magnetic circuit in the induction electric meter enables a better equalization of the counter load curves for the power factor cos Φ between 1 and 0.5 at low load currents. At the same time, a cheaper material with a lower silicon content can be used to make this improved core, which in turn allows for a more cost effective process of assembling the core from the blades using wart packing.

Izum bo v nadaljnjem podrobno obrazložen na osnovi opisa izvedbenih primerov ter načrta in grafa, ki prikazujeta na sl. 3a, 3b, 3c in 3d variante z izumom izboljšanega jedra tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu in sl. 4 obremenitveni krivulji indukcijskega električnega števca, kije opremljen z izboljšanim jedrom po sl. 3c tokovnega magnetnega kroga, in sicer za vrednosti faktoga moči cos<D = 1 in cosO = 0,5.The invention will now be further explained in detail based on the description of the embodiments and the plan and graph shown in FIG. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d variants of the invention an improved core magnetic circuit in an induction electric counter and FIG. 4 shows the load curves of an induction electric meter equipped with an improved core according to FIG. 3c of the current magnetic circuit for power factor values cos <D = 1 and cosO = 0.5.

io Jedro 1 tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu je po izumu izboljšano, tako da se na delih poti magnetnih silnic skozi jedro 1 površina prečnega prereza zmanjša glede na to površino za znano jedro. Za to znano jedro se namreč predlaga izboljšava po izumu.io The core 1 of the current magnetic circuit in the induction electric meter has been improved according to the invention so that in parts of the paths of magnetic forces through core 1, the cross-sectional area is reduced relative to that surface for a known core. Namely, an improvement according to the invention is proposed for this known core.

V le-tem se namreč izvedejo izrezi 3', 3 v feromagnetni material, in sicer tako, da na posameznem mestu prečnega prereza dosežejo celo nad polovico prerezne površine znanega polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzij na tem mestu (sl. 3a - d). Izrez 3', 3 je lahko izveden tudi kot več drug od drugega ločenih izrezov v istem stebričku.In this case, cut-outs 3 ', 3 into ferromagnetic material are made in such a way that even at one cross-sectional area, even above half the cross-sectional area of the known full core of the same external dimensions is obtained at that location (Fig. 3a - d). The cutout 3 ', 3 can also be made as several cut-outs from each other in the same column.

Za izdelavo lamel izboljšanega jedra se na ugoden način lahko uporabi feromagnetna pločevina, v kateri je vsebnost silicija pod 1,8 %. Manjša lomljivost takšne pločevine omogoča sestavljanje jedra iz njenih lamel z bradavičnim paketiranjem.A ferromagnetic sheet in which the silicon content is below 1.8% can be advantageously used to produce lamellae of the improved core. The lower brittleness of such sheet enables assembly of the core from its blades by wart packing.

V posebnem izvedbenem primeru po izumu skupna dolžina vseh izrezov 3', 3 znaša od 20 % do 50 % celotne dolžine srednje silnice v znanem polnem jedru enakih zunanjih dimenzij od vstopa vanj do izstopa iz njega. Na posameznem prereznem mestu, na katerem je izveden izrez 3', 3, pa je feromagnetni material prisoten vsaj na 40 % do 60 % prerezne površine znanega polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzij.In a particular embodiment according to the invention, the total length of all cutouts 3 ', 3 is from 20% to 50% of the total length of the mean force in the known full core of the same external dimensions from entering it and leaving it. However, in the individual cross-section at which the 3 ', 3 notch is made, the ferromagnetic material is present in at least 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of the known solid core of the same external dimensions.

Pri tem se dolžina vsakega izreza 3', 3 meri vzdolž stebrička jedra 1, torej vzdolž s tokovno tuljavico opremljenih stebričkov 2' in 2 ter vdolž stebrička, ki povezuje omenjena stebrička 2', 2.In this case, the length of each cut 3 ', 3 is measured along the pillar core 1, that is, along the current coil of the provided pillars 2' and 2 and along the pillar connecting said pillars 2 ', 2.

V prednostnem posebnem izvedbenem primeru po izumu skupna dolžina vseh izrezov 3', 3 znaša 40 % celotne dolžine srednje silnice v znanem polnem jedru enakih zunanjih dimenzij od vstopa vanj do izstopa iz njega, na posameznem prereznem mestu, kjer je izveden izrez 3', 3, pa je feromagnetni material prisoten na 50 % prerezne površine znanega polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzij (sl. 3c).In a preferred specific embodiment according to the invention, the total length of all notches 3 ', 3 is 40% of the total length of the mean force in the known full core of the same external dimensions from entering and exiting it, at the individual cross-section where the notch 3', 3 is made. , however, the ferromagnetic material is present on 50% of the cross - sectional area of the known full nucleus of the same external dimensions (Fig. 3c).

Pri prvi prednostni variantni izvedbi so v vsakem od obeh stebričkov 2', 2, ki sta opremljena s tokovno tuljavico, izvedeni izrezi 3', 3 v feromagnetnem materialu, katerih skupna dolžina vzdolž stebrička 2' oziroma 2 je enaka eni polovici omenjene skupne dolžine izrezov za celo jedro 1.In the first preferred variant embodiment, in each of the two columns 2 ', 2 which are provided with a current coil, there are cutouts 3', 3 in ferromagnetic material whose total length along the column 2 'or 2 is equal to one half of the said total length of the cuts for the whole kernel 1.

Pri drugi prednostni variantni izvedbi pa so vsi izrezi 3', 3 v feromagnetnem materialu, katerih skupna dolžina je enaka omenjeni skupni dolžini za celo jedro 1, izvedeni v le enem od obeh stebričkov 2' ali 2, ki sta opremljena s tokovno tuljavico.In another preferred variant embodiment, all notches 3 ', 3 in ferromagnetic material whose total length is equal to said total length for the whole core 1 are made in only one of the two columns 2' or 2, which are provided with a current coil.

Možna pa je tudi varianta, pri kateri so izrezi na poljuben način porazdeljeni po stebričkih 2' in 2 in tudi po stebričku, ki povezuje omenjena stebrička 2', 2.Alternatively, the cut-outs are arranged in any way in the pillars 2 'and 2 and also in the pillar connecting the two pillars 2', 2.

Posamezen izrez 3', 3 je lahko izveden v obliki paralelepipeda, katerega os je usmerjena vzdolž stebrička (sl. 3a, 3b in 3c) ali pa prečno nanj (sl. 3d).The individual cutout 3 ', 3 can be made in the form of a parallelepiped, the axis of which is directed along the column (Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c) or transversely thereto (Fig. 3d).

Čeprav je permeabilnost materiala v izboljšanem jedru 1 tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu manjša kot pri znanem jedru, pa pride pri izboljšanem jedru 1 zaradi povečanja gostote B magnetnega polja v zoženih presekih do premika delovnega področja jedra 1 na magnetilni krivulji materiala v jedru 1 od področja kr kolena proti ravnemu področju sir.Although the permeability of the material in the enhanced core 1 of the magnetic circuit in the induction electric meter is smaller than that of the known nucleus, the displacement of the working area of the core 1 on the magnetic curve of the material in the nucleus 1 from areas of the knees against the flat area of the cheese.

Ta premik delovnega področja se ugodno odrazi na potek obremenitvenih krivulj indukcijskega električnega števca. Pri nizki vrednosti jakosti toka se obremenitveni krivulji za vrednosti faktoija moči cos Φ = 1 (izvlečena krivulja) in cos Φ = 0,5 (črtkana krivulja) in krivulje za vmesne vrednosti faktoija moči med seboj sedaj manj razlikujejo (sl. 4).This displacement of the work area has a favorable effect on the course of the load curves of the induction electric meter. At the low value of the current strength, the load curves for the power factor values cos Φ = 1 (drawn curve) and cos Φ = 0.5 (dashed curve) and the curves for intermediate power factor values now differ slightly (Fig. 4).

Ker so odmiki magnetnih lastnosti od enega vzorca pločevine za lamele jedra do drugega naj večji v področju kr kolena na magnetilni krivulji, se omenjeni premik delovnega področja ugodno odrazi tudi na manjši občutljivosti obremenitvene krivulje na variacije lastnosti pri vhodnem materialu.Since the deviations of the magnetic properties from one sample of the sheet for the core lamellae to the other are greater in the area of the knee bends on the magnetic curve, the said displacement of the working region also has a favorable effect on the lower sensitivity of the load curve to the variations of the properties of the input material.

Po izumu izboljšano jedro 1 se na ugoden način uporablja v enofaznem indukcijskem električnem števcu in v merilnih enotah polifaznega indukcijskega električnega števca.According to the invention, the improved core 1 is advantageously used in a single-phase induction electric meter and in units of measurement of a polyphase induction electric meter.

Claims (9)

Patentni zahtevkiPatent claims 1. Jedro tokovnega magnetnega kroga v indukcijskem električnem števcu,1. The core of a current magnetic circuit in an induction electric meter, 5 označeno s tem, daje opremljeno z izrezi (3', 3) v feromagnetnem materialu, ki na mestu posameznega prečnega prereza lahko dosežejo nad polovico prerezne površine polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzij in da skupna dolžina vseh izrezov (3', 3), meijena vzdolž stebričkov jedra (1), znaša io od 20 % do 50 % celotne dolžine srednje silnice v polnem jedru enakih zunanjih dimenzij od vstopa vanj do izstopa iz njega.5, characterized in that it is provided with cutouts (3 ', 3) in ferromagnetic material which, at the site of each cross-section, can reach above half the cross-sectional area of the full core of the same external dimensions and that the total length of all cutouts (3', 3) is mei along the pillars of the core (1), io amounts from 20% to 50% of the total length of the mean force in the full nucleus of the same external dimensions from entering and exiting it. 2. Jedro po zahtevku 1, označeno s tem, daje vsebnost silicija v feromagnetnem materialu jedra pod 1,8 %.A core according to claim 1, characterized in that the silicon content of the ferromagnetic core material is less than 1.8%. 3. Jedro po zahtevku 1 ali 2, označeno s tem, daje na posameznem prereznem mestu, na katerem je izveden izrez (3', 3), feromagnetni material prisoten na 40 % do 60 % prerezne površine polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzij.A core according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the individual cross-section at which the cut-out (3 ', 3) is made, the ferromagnetic material is present on 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of the solid core of the same external dimensions. 4. Jedro po zahtevku 1 ali 2, označeno s tem, da je na posameznem prereznem mestu, na katerem je izveden izrez (3', 3), feromagnetni material prisoten na 50 % prerezne površine polnega jedra enakih zunanjih dimenzijA core according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the individual cross-section at which the cut-out (3 ', 3) is made, the ferromagnetic material is present on 50% of the cross-sectional area of the solid core of the same external dimensions 25 in da omenjena skupna dolžina vseh izrezov (3', 3) znaša 40 % celotne dolžine srednje silnice v polnem jedru enakih zunanjih dimenzij od vstopa vanj do izstopa iz njega.25, and that said total length of all cutouts (3 ', 3) is 40% of the total length of the mean force in the full nucleus of the same outer dimensions from entering it and leaving it. 5. Jedro po enem izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, označeno s tem, da je vsak od obeh, s tokovno tuljavico opremljenih, stebričkov (2*, 2) opremljen z izrezi (3', 3) v feromagnetnem materialu, katerih skupna dolžina vzdolž stebričkov (2', 2) jedra (1) je enaka eni polovici omenjene skupne dolžine za celo jedro (1).A core according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two coils (2 *, 2) provided with a current coil is provided with cutouts (3 ', 3) in ferromagnetic material whose total length along the columns ( 2 ', 2) of core (1) is equal to one half of said total length for the whole core (1). 6. Jedro po enem izmed zahtevkov 1 do 4, označeno s tem, daje le eden od obeh, s tokovno tuljavico opremljenih, stebričkov (2', 2) opremljen z izrezi (3', 3) v feromagnetnem materialu, katerih skupna dolžina vzdolž tega stebrička (2', 2) jedra (1) je enaka omenjeni skupni dolžini za celo jedro (1).Core according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that only one of them, provided with a current coil, has columns (2 ', 2) provided with cutouts (3', 3) in ferromagnetic material, the total length of which is along of this pillar (2 ', 2) of core (1) is equal to the said total length for the whole core (1). ioio 7. Jedro po enem izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, označeno s tem, da je posamezen izrez (3', 3) izveden v obliki paralelepipeda z osjo, ki je usmeijena vzdolž stebrička jedra.A core according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual cut-out (3 ', 3) is made in the form of a parallelepiped with an axis which is directed along the pillar core. 1515 8. Jedro po enem izmed zahtevkov 1 do 6, označeno s tem, da je posamezen izrez (3', 3) izveden v obliki paralelepipeda z osjo, ki je usmeijena prečno na stebriček jedra.A core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the individual recess (3 ', 3) is made in the form of a parallelepiped with an axis directed transversely to the pillar of the core. 9. Jedro po enem izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, označeno s tem,A core according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that 20 daje izrez (3', 3) izveden kot več drug od drugega ločenih izrezov v istem stebričku.20 shows a cutout (3 ', 3) made as separate cut-outs in the same column.
SI200500202A 2005-07-12 2005-07-12 Core of current magnetic circuit in induction electric meter SI22107A (en)

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