SI21545A

SI21545A - Sprinkler, preferably for plants

Info

Publication number: SI21545A
Application number: SI200300206A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Alojz ZUPANČIČ
Original assignee: Alojz ZUPANČIČ
Priority date: 2003-08-25
Filing date: 2003-08-25
Publication date: 2005-02-28

Abstract

The sprinkler, particularly for plants provides the sprinkling of liquids, preferably plant protective agents in such tiny droplets that they float in the air like aerosol. The sprinkler can be used as a trailer for attaching to any engine driven machine, preferably agricultural one, like for example manual motor mowers, while at the same time in a larger version they can be used as a tractor trailer or independent device. The sprinkler according to the invention is made from an interface (1) to be attached to any driving engine, for example manual motor mower, auxiliary tractor drive etc., a driving shaft (2), which has its bedding in element (1) and is aimed to provide attachment to the driving generator, while on the attached element (1) there is a static round panel (3) which is by its convex side positioned in such a way that the shaft (2), which is driven by any driving generator, is running through it. On panel (3) there is a nozzle (5) with inlet hose (6) for the supply of the liquid (7), which is intended to be sprinkled so that the nozzle (5) directs the jet (8) of the liquid (7) into the vicinity of the centre of the rotating panel (9), which is located on shaft (2). This panel is preferably calotte-shaped and fits at a distance to panel (3) with its concave side, so that their edges result in a slot (10) and on the free end of the shaft (4) on the convex side of the panel (9) there is a fan (11), which rotates together with the panel (9).

Description

Predmet izuma je škropilnica, prednostno za rastline, zlasti sadna drevesa in trte proti škodljivcem in tudi kot zaščita pred zmrzaljo.The object of the invention is a sprayer, preferably for plants, especially fruit trees and vines against pests and also as a frost protection.

Tehnični problemA technical problem

Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum je, kako zasnovati tako napravo za škropljenje zlasti rastlin, ki bo zagotavljala pršenje tekočine, prednostno škropiva v tako majhnih kapljicah, da bodo lebdele v zraku v aerosolnem smislu in bo izvedljiva kot priključek na poljubno ročno strojno napravo, prednostno kmetijsko, kot npr. kosilnico, prav tako pa tudi v večji izvedbi kot traktorski priključek ali samostojna naprava, pri čemer bo snop pršeče tekočine tako ozek, da ga bo mogoče usmerjati proti delu rastline, ki ga želimo škropiti, ne da bi pri tem izgubljali večjega deleža škropiva, ki bi pršel mimo rastline.A technical problem solved by the invention is how to design such a device for spraying in particular plants, which will provide a spray of liquid, preferably spray in such small droplets that they will float in the air in aerosol sense and will be feasible as a connection to any hand-held machine device, preferably agricultural such as e.g. mower, but also in a larger version than a tractor attachment or stand-alone device, whereby the bundle of spray liquid will be so narrow that it can be directed to the part of the plant to be sprayed without losing a large proportion of the spray would get past the plant.

30105. doc/VI 11-01/D33-Vr30105. doc / VI 11-01 / D33-Vr

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Znane naprave za škropljenje rastlin razpršujejo škropivo v tekočini s tem, da jo brizgajo pod tlakom skozi šobo ali več šob. Kapljice škropiva so tolikšne, da težnostno padajo na podlago, tla ali rastlinske dele. Na poševnih listih mnoge kapljice spolzijo na tla in zato ne učinkujejo.Known plant spraying devices spray the spray in a liquid by injecting it under pressure through a nozzle or several nozzles. The spray droplets are such that they tend to fall on the ground, soil or plant parts. On the sloping leaves, many droplets slip to the ground and therefore have no effect.

Posledica je pribitek na minimalni količini škropiva za predvideni učinek na rastlinah. Stranska slabšalna posledica tako povečane količine, s katero škropimo rastline je količina škropiva, ki pade na tla, od tu pa preide v podtalnico in končno v pitno vodo oziroma preko korenin v rastlino, katere deli so predvideni kot hrana ali krma. Končna posledica je vsebnost strupov v hrani in krmi, ki so zdravju škodljivi.The result is a markup on the minimum amount of spray for the intended effect on the plants. A side-effect of such an increased amount of sprinkling of plants is the amount of sprinkler that falls to the ground, from which it passes into groundwater and finally into drinking water, or through the roots into the plant, parts of which are intended as food or feed. The final consequence is the content of poisons in food and feed that are harmful to health.

Zato se kaže potreba po taki napravi za škropljenje rastlin, ki bo omogočala aerosolno obliko škropiva v območju rastlin, bo pa tudi take konstrukcije, da bo cenovno ugodna in primerna za namestitev na kmetijske stroje, npr. traktor ali manjši, npr.: ročno kosilnico ne glede na moč njenega pogonskega agregata. Hkrati naj bo snop škropiva tako ozek, da bi čim manjši del snopa ne dosegel delov rastlin in bi neizkoriščen padel na zemljino.Therefore, there is a need for a plant spraying device that will allow the aerosol spray form in the plant area, and will be of such construction that it is affordable and suitable for installation on agricultural machines, e.g. tractor or smaller, eg: hand mower regardless of the power of its drive unit. At the same time, the spray bundle should be so narrow that as little of the bundle as possible would reach parts of the plants and fall unused to the ground.

Rešitev tehničnega problemaThe solution to a technical problem

Opisani tehnični problem je rešen z novo napravo za škropljenje rastlin po izumu, katere bistvena značilnost in novost je v tem, da je izvedena iz dveh koncentričnih kalotastih plošč, ki prilegata v odmiku s konkavnima deloma, pri čemer se ena plošča vrti, druga pa je statična in vsebuje priključek za na poljubno napravo, na kateri se nahaja pogonska enota za vrtenje druge vrtljive kalotaste plošče. Na statični plošči se nadalje nahaja tudi dovodna šoba škropiva v tekočem stanju, skozi katero se dovaja škropivo na srednji del vrteče plošče, ki odbije posamično kapljico škropiva na statično ploščo, od katere se ponovno odbije naThe described technical problem is solved with a new plant spraying device according to the invention, the essential feature and novelty of which is that it is made of two concentric kalotovye plates, which fit in the distance with the concave parts, with one plate rotating and the other one is static and contains an attachment to any device on which the drive unit for rotating the second rotary blade is located. The static plate also contains a liquid spray nozzle through which the spray is fed to the middle part of the rotating plate, which repels a single spray of the spray onto the static plate, from which it is re-reflected to

30105.doc/VIII-01/D33-Vr vrtečo ploščo. Pri vsakem odboju se kapljica razbije na manjše kapljice, ki se pomikajo proti robu plošč, kjer so kapljice že tako majhne, da tvorijo aerosol.30105.doc / VIII-01 / D33-Rotating rotary plate. At each deflection, the droplet breaks down into smaller droplets that move toward the edge of the plates where the droplets are already small enough to form an aerosol.

Za dosego usmerjenosti snopa škropiva je predviden aksialno glede na vrtečo se ploščo in pred njo nameščen ventilator, ki srka kapljice škropiva, ki izhajajo iz reže med obema ploščama injih usmeri v približno cilindričnem snopu, ki poteka koaksialno z osjo plošč in ventilatorja. S tem je doseženo primemo veliko polje, v katerem so usmerjene kapljice, da je izguba škropiva, ki ne naleti na rastlino bistveno manjša, kot pri znanih škropilnih napravah.In order to achieve the orientation of the spray beam, an axial with respect to the rotating plate is provided and a fan is installed therein, which sucks the spray droplets emanating from the gap between the two plates in an approximately cylindrical beam coaxially with the axis of the plates and the fan. This results in a large field in which the droplets are directed so that the loss of non-plant spraying spray is substantially less than that of known spraying devices.

Škropivo v aerosolni obliki lebdi zelo dolgov zraku in počasi nalega na rastlinske dele, zlasti na liste. Ker je masa posameznih kapljic bistveno manjša od kapljic škropiva, razpršenega z znanimi škropilnimi napravami, ne spolzijo z gladkih rastlinskih delov. Zato je izkoristek škropiva izredno večji kot pri znanih napravah.The aerosol spray spray floats very long in the air and slowly adheres to the plant parts, especially the leaves. Because the mass of individual droplets is much smaller than droplets of spray sprayed with known sprinklers, they do not slip off the smooth plant parts. Therefore, the efficiency of the spray is extremely higher than that of known devices.

Po prvih poskusnih škropljenjih se kaže, da je za enako omočenost rastlin s škropivom potrebno vsega 10-20% škropiva, ki ga rabimo pri znanih škropilnicah. S tem je dosežen bistven napredek v ekološkem smislu, kajti s tako zmanjšano količino škropiva izrazito zmanjšamo obremenitev tal s škropivom, ki je v bistvu strup in ga kasneje rastlina vsrkava preko korenin in se nato kopiči v njej·After the first experimental sprays, it is shown that only 10-20% of the spray is needed for the same wetting of the plants with the spray, which is required for the known spray plants. This has made significant progress in ecological terms, because with such a reduced amount of spray, the soil load with the spray, which is essentially a poison, is significantly reduced and later absorbed by the plant through the roots and then accumulated in it.

Potrebna energija pri napravi po izumu za vrtenje ene plošče in po potrebi ventilatorja je manjša, kot za pogon kompresorja pri znanih škropilnicah.The energy required by the device according to the invention for rotating one plate and, if necessary, the fan, is less than for operating the compressor at known sprayers.

Glede na navedeni obe prednosti naprave po izumu: zmanjšanje količine škropiva in zmanjšana poraba energije za obratovanje naprave, je seveda tudi strošek škropljenja pri isti ali izboljšani kakovosti bistveno nižji.Considering the above two advantages of the device according to the invention: reduction of the amount of spray and reduced energy consumption for the operation of the device, of course, the cost of spraying at the same or improved quality is significantly lower.

30105.doc/VIII-01/D33-Vr30105.doc / VIII-01 / D33-Vr

Podrobneje bo izum pojasnjen v nadaljevanju z opisom izvedbenega primera in priložene risbe, na kateri kaže sl. 1 prečni prerez škropilnice po izumu.The invention will now be explained in more detail below with a description of an embodiment and the accompanying drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the sprayer according to the invention.

Škropilnica po izumu je izvedena iz priključnega elementa 1 za na poljuben pogonski agregat, npr. ročno motorno kosilnico, na pomožni traktorski pogon ipd., ki ni prikazan na sliki, nadalje iz pogonske gredi 2, ki je uležajena v elementu 1 in predvidena za spoj s pogonskim agregatom. Na priključnem elementu 1 je nameščena statična okrogla plošča 3 s svojo konveksno stranjo tako, da skoznjo poteka gred 2, ki je gnana s poljubnim pogonskim agregatom. Na plošči 3 je nameščena šoba 5 z dovodno cevjo 6 za dotok tekočine 7, ki je predvidena za škropljenje oziroma pršenje, prednostno škropiva iz rezervoaija, ki ni prikazan na sliki. Šoba 5 usmeija curek 8 tekočine 7 v bližino središča vrteče plošče 9, ki je nameščena na gredi 2, je prednosnto kalotaste oblike in v odmiku prilega plošči 3 s svojo konkavno stranjo, da njuna robova tvorita režo 10. Prednostno sta obe plošči 3 in 9 enaki.The sprayer according to the invention is made of the connection element 1 for any drive unit, e.g. a manual motor mower, on an auxiliary tractor drive, etc. not shown in the figure, further from the drive shaft 2 which is mounted in the element 1 and is intended to be coupled to the drive unit. A static circular plate 3 with its convex side is mounted on the connection element 1 so that a shaft 2 is driven through it, driven by any drive unit. Plate 3 has a nozzle 5 fitted with a feed pipe 6 for supplying liquid 7 which is intended for spraying or spraying, preferably spray from a reservoir not shown in the figure. The nozzle 5 of the jets 8 of the fluid 7 in the vicinity of the center of the rotating plate 9, which is mounted on the shaft 2, is predominantly cylindrical in shape and fits into the plate 3 with its concave side so that their edges form a gap 10. Preferably both plates 3 and 9 the same.

Nadalje je na prostem koncu gredi 2 na konveksni strani plošče 9 izveden ventilator 11, ki se vrti hkrati s ploščo 9 in sesa kapljičasto tekočino 7, ki izhaja zaradi centrifugalne sile iz reže 10, ter ga potiska v zanemarljivo konveksnem snopu 12 v aksialni smeri naprej v smeri škropljenega predmeta. Ventilator 11 je opremljen z varnostnim obročem 13, kije fiksiran na statični plošči 3 in nje zaprt z mrežo 14 tako, da je ventilator 11 zadovoljivo nedostopen zaradi varnosti pri delu.Further, at the free end of the shaft 2 on the convex side of the plate 9, there is a fan 11 which rotates simultaneously with the plate 9 and sucks the dropping fluid 7, which results from the centrifugal force from the slot 10, and pushes it in a negligibly convex bundle 12 in the axial direction forward in the direction of the sprayed object. The fan 11 is provided with a safety ring 13, which is fixed on the static plate 3 and is closed by a net 14 so that the fan 11 is sufficiently inaccessible for safety at work.

Škropilnica po izumu deluje tako, da se vrteča plošča 9 vrti, prednostno s 7000 vrtljaji na minuto ob hkratnem vrtenju ventilatorja 11 in dovodu tekočine 7 skoziThe sprayer according to the invention operates by rotating the plate 9, preferably at 7000 rpm, while rotating the fan 11 and supplying fluid 7 through

30105.doc/VIJI-01/D33-Vr šobo 5 na vrtečo ploščo 9. Kapljice ali curek tekočine 7 se ob dotiku z vrtečo ploščo 9 razbije v manjše kapljice in odbije do statične plošče 3, od katere se manjše kapljice odbijejo nazaj na vrtečo ploščo 9. Ta postopek se ponovi večkrat, dokler delčki škropiva v aerosolnem stanju ne dosežejo roba obeh plošč 3 in 9, zaradi centrifugalne sile, ki jo povzroča vrteča plošča 9, in ne odletijo skozi režo 10 v okolico. Zračni curek, ki ga ustvarja ventilator 11, usmeri aerosolni oblak 15 tekočine 7 v želeno smer in v predvideno oblikovanem snopu 16.30105.doc / VIJI-01 / D33-Row nozzle 5 onto rotating plate 9. Drops or jets of fluid 7 are broken into smaller droplets by contact with rotating plate 9 and bounced to static plate 3, from which smaller droplets bounce back to rotating plate. Plate 9. This process is repeated several times until the aerosol spray particles reach the edge of both Plates 3 and 9, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the Rotating Plate 9, and they fly through the slot 10 into the surrounding area. The air jet generated by the fan 11 directs the aerosol cloud 15 of the fluid 7 in the desired direction and in the designed beam 16.

Škropilnica po izumu je lahko izvedena kot priključek na poljuben ročni motorni kmetijski stroj, npr. ročno kosilnico. V drugi izvedbi je lahko izvedena kot samostojen stroj s svojim pogonom. Nadalje je lahko izvedena kot traktorski priključek. V tem primeru je traktorski priključek lahko izveden z več škropilnicami po izumu kot baterija glede na namen uporabe.The sprayer according to the invention can be made as a connection to any hand-held motorized agricultural machine, e.g. hand mower. In another embodiment, it can be implemented as a standalone machine with its own drive. It can further be made as a tractor attachment. In this case, the tractor attachment may be made with more sprayers according to the invention than a battery according to the intended use.

Velikost posameznih kapljic v aerosolni obliki določamo s hitrostjo vrteče plošče, količino škropiva v aerosolni obliki pa z dotokom škropiva na vrtečo ploščo.The size of individual droplets in aerosol form is determined by the speed of the rotating plate, and the amount of aerosol spray is by the inflow of the spray onto the rotating plate.

Škropilnico po izumu lahko usmerjamo v poljuben položaj po potrebi, ne da bi s tem spreminjali kakovost škropljenja.The sprayer according to the invention can be directed to any position as needed without altering the quality of the spray.

Čeprav je opisni izvedbeni primer škropilnice predviden za škropljenje rastlin, zlasti sadnega drevja in trte, je možno prirediti druge izvedbe za druge namene, npr. za nanos barv, ali raznih tekočih preparatov na druge površine, kjer se zahteva nanos v aerosolnem stanju tekočine ne da bi obšli bistvo izuma, ki je opredeljeno v sledečih patentnih zahtevkih.Although the descriptive embodiment of the sprayer is intended for the spraying of plants, especially fruit trees and vines, it is possible to adapt other embodiments for other purposes, e.g. for the application of paints or various liquid preparations to other surfaces, where application is required in the aerosolized state of the liquid without circumventing the essence of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims

Patent claims

A plant-preferred sprayer, characterized in that it is made of a connecting element (1) for any propulsion unit, e.g. a manual motor mower, auxiliary tractor drive, etc., further from the drive shaft (2), which is mounted in the element (1) and is intended to be connected to the drive unit via any coupling, with a static circular plate (1) mounted on the connecting element (1). 3) with its convex side by passing a shaft (2) driven by any drive unit and a nozzle (5) with a supply pipe (6) for supplying the liquid intended for spraying is mounted on the plate (3). such that the nozzle (5) directs the jet (8) of the fluid (7) to be sprayed or sprayed into the proximity of the center of the rotating plate (9) which is mounted on the shaft (2) and is, in the offset, fits to the plate (3) on its concave side so that their edges form a gap (10), and a fan (11) is rotated at the free end of the shaft (2) on the convex side of the plate (9), rotating simultaneously with the plate (9).

Sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan (11) is provided with a safety ring (13), which is fixed on the static plate (3) and is closed by a net (14) such that the fan (11) is satisfactorily inaccessible for work safety.

v

Sprayer according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the plate (9) and the fan (11) are preferably rotated at 7000 rpm while simultaneously supplying fluid (7) through the nozzle (5) to the rotating plate (9).