SI21130A - Key - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be considered as part of the group of keys, featuring a uniform concept, particularly as a forged piece and by being on at least one end equipped with an at least single-sided open indentation, the so-called aperture, which is adapted for holding a hexagonal screw or nut, provided for screwing or unscrewing with the help of the key. The invention is based on the problem how to provide a key concept in order to produce it in an economic way in series and by meeting quality requirements of the same semi-finished goods, particularly forged pieces, with the help of the same tools and applying the same technology as generally known as well as by applying standard radially-axial positioned keys with at least one aperture for screwing and unscrewing screws or nuts featuring hexagonal heads. The problem can be solved by using a key where all internal surface sections (21, 22, 23) of the aperture (2) are located completely outside the area of the internal contour (2) of the virtual aperture (2') which corresponds to the aperture of the forged piece or standard key for screwing or unscrewing hexagonal nuts or screws with hexagonal head (6), and which is created by two parallel fitting surfaces (21', 22') along with the aperture (2) passage (23) completely located outside the internal contour (2') of the virtual aperture (2') which corresponds to the aperture of a standard key for screwing or unscrewing hexagonal nuts or screws with hexagonal head (6), and which is formed by two parallel fitting surfaces (21', 22') along with the passage (23') between them.

Description

UNIOR Blacksmith industry d.d.

MPK ⁷ : B25 B 13/46 B 25 B 13/48 B 25 B 13/08

Key

The subject matter of the application is a wrench, namely a hand tool for tightening and / or unscrewing hexagon screws or nuts.

The invention falls within the scope of wrenches designed as a single product, in particular forgings, and provided at least at one end with at least one unilateral open beam, a so-called yoke adapted to enter each hexagonal screw head or nut provided therein. for tightening or. unscrewing with a key. Thanks to the aforementioned yawn, it is possible to attach the key to the nut or head of the screw with a suitable loose contact with each other in such a way that at least certain areas of said jam or at least certain areas of said screw or nut when rotating the key for a specific angle about the axis of the screw or nut. the sockets of the wrench rest in the appropriate areas on the surface of the screw head or nut, thereby achieving a detachable locking connection between the key and the screw or nut head, so that the torque required to tighten or unscrew the screw or nut can be transmitted from the key to the screw head or nut. nuts. It is possible to install the wrench on the screw head or nut either in the axial direction of the bolt / nut or in the corresponding mutual position of the key and the bolt / nut even in the radial direction of the bolt / nut.

Still further, the invention is within the scope of the wrenches in which, during tightening and / or tightening. unscrewing the screw or nut after rotation is not necessary to remove the key and re-insert it for clamping. This is a special type of wrench that can be returned to its original position each time while unscrewing or tightening the nut or bolt after rotation, without any removal of the nut or bolt, so that the working or reversing stroke can be continued they can be followed without removing the key from the bolt or nut or by inserting the key on the bolt or nut.

The invention is based on the problem of how to design a key for tightening and / or unscrewing hexagon nuts or bolts with hexagonal head or for rotating other similar machine elements with at least essentially hexagonal screwed area, which will be uniformly designed and adapted to be established either in axial or radially directional feasible connection with at least substantially hexagonal screw head or nut available at all times, which will allow screwing or unscrewing without intermediate recording and insertion, namely by repeated sequence of working and reverse movements without the need for intermediate recording and insertion of the key, however, such a wrench should be designed in such a way that it can be mass-produced in series and subject to quality requirements from semi-finished products, especially forgings, using the same tools and using the same known and used standard radial-axial technology adjustable w for one yawn to tighten and unscrew hexagon head screws or nuts.

The simplest solution for this kind of wrench to tighten and / or unscrew hexagon nuts or hexagon screws is a single product, in particular a forged one equipped with an appropriately long and conveniently designed handle at one end to provide adequate torque and at the other end a unilaterally open groove is available, in which parallel contact surfaces are available, between which, in order to provide adequate strength, the goods are slightly rounded, e.g. at least basically a semi-circular outflow. For convenience, the aforementioned surfaces are typically positioned obliquely at about 15 ° or about 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the handle. Such a wrench can be fitted with adequate clearance through the hexagonal head of the bolt or nut, either in the axial direction of the bolt / nut, or in a specific position (in the yawn direction) also in the radial direction of the bolt / nut. Since a certain length of the handle is required to ensure adequate torque, there is rarely enough space in practice to tighten the 360 ° rotation of the screws or nuts. In most cases, it is tightened or unscrewed in such a way that after installing the key on the head of the screw or nut, the key is rotated by a certain angle, and then either removed in the axial or radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the screw or nut and replaced in another a position that allows the key to be further rotated by a given angle. By repeating this sequence of operations, the screw or nut is gradually tightened or unscrewed.

To avoid this, pipe wrenches with an associated lever with a ratchet mechanism have been developed to allow the screw to be rotated for a certain angle and then to rotate or rotate. return lever to starting position No need to remove key from bolt head or nut. It is much more complicated, more expensive and also injuries or damage. I damage a significantly more exposed tool, which, moreover, is always usable only and exclusively in the kit. In addition, the fitting and removal of the pipe fittings from the screw or nut head can only be done in the axial direction of the screw or nut.

In an effort to take advantage of the classic wrench and eliminate at least most of the disadvantages of the aforementioned pipe wrench set with a ratchet mechanism, wrenches have also been developed that, thanks to the design of the wrench, are. now, after mounting on the head of the screw or nut, in either axial or radial direction, they can rotate the key and then return it to at least approximately the starting position without having to remove and reinstall the key.

Thus, in DE 38 32 793 Al, a key is described in which a parasite, or the yawn forms a jaw that consists of two articulated joints and which is itself articulated with the handle. The inner surface of the two articulated joints of the jaws is so shaped that, when opened, the key exits the grip with the surface of the screw head or nut to such an extent that the key can be rotated more or less freely by a certain angle. During the restarting movement, when the torque is restored, the articulated connected parts again rotate the surfaces of the screw head or nut and re-establish a connection that leads to the screw / nut twist together with the key. In order for such a wrench to function, the geometric and dimensional requirements of both the wrench itself and the screw head or nut must be unconditionally fulfilled. The surfaces are exposed to wear, and the heads of screws or nuts are often more or less damaged. When there are major deviations from the correct geometric shapes and / or measurements, and especially when or. as soon as there is a slight loosening of the articulated interconnection of the jaw parts, this tool unconditionally and completely fails.

Further, a key is known from DE 201 01 402 Ul, in which a yoke is provided comprising a convex surface opposite to it a spaced surface with a contact tooth and an intermediate passage formed of two letters in the form of open convex surfaces, one of which represents the contact surface. This allows the key to be fixed on the three contact surfaces of the hexagon head of the screw or nut. When the key is pulled out slightly in the radial direction of the bolt or nut, the aforementioned contact surfaces of the yaw come out of the grip with the contact surfaces of the screw or. nuts, thereby allowing the key to be rotated to its substantially initial position without the need to remove and re-insert the key from the screw head or from the nut. Unfortunately, the presence of said tooth and the design of other surfaces dictate a completely different yawn design than that of standard wrenches, so that such a wrench cannot be made within the contour of the standard wrench, which means that it can only be produced serially with the help of additional specially designed ones. tools, especially drownings.

A completely similar key is also described in WO 97/00758. The abutment tooth is moved to the very end of one of the yoke attachments. In the context of the treatment of the present solution according to the invention, the present solution is related to the same disadvantages as before and also the solutions described below.

In addition, a key is known from DE 299 03 935 Ul, in which a yoke is provided which is limited by two lugs, between which are provided two otherwise curved, sort of like a markedly open letter In a spaced contact surface, which together with the convex internal surfaces of the aforementioned The fittings allow the key to fit on the four contact surfaces of the hexagonal head of the bolt or nut. In this case too, the design of other surfaces dictates a completely different yawn design than that of standard wrenches, so that such a wrench cannot be made within the contour of the standard wrench, which means that it can only be produced serially using additional tools specially designed for this purpose, in particular utopov.

The present invention relates to a wrench provided for tightening and / or unscrewing hex nuts or hexagon head screws, comprising six lateral non-reciprocal sockets of a certain length in the circular direction and of a certain perpendicular distance in the radial direction, in addition to the corresponding wrench a receiving area at least at one end provided with a yoke arranged adjacent to the contour of a fictitious yoke corresponding to the yoke of a semi-finished product, in particular forging, or, optionally, a yarn of a standard wrench or hexagon nuts or bolts having hexagonal head the contact surface together with the passage between them.

According to the invention, the key comprises a yawn consisting of three internal surface sections, namely, an intermediate section and convexly designed lateral sections, one of which is terminated by an abutment projection. In that all said sections are fully spaced out of the contour area of the fictitious yoke corresponding to the yoke of the forging or standard wrench for screwing or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws and formed by parallel contact surfaces together with the passage between them .

The preferred embodiment of the key according to the invention comprises a yawn consisting of three internal surface sections, namely an intermediate section and convexly designed lateral sections, one of which is completed by a slightly rounded, radially inwardly directed back projection, with all said sections being yawned by the key. The invention is fully disposed outside the inner contour of the fictitious yawn. which corresponds to a yawn of a forging or standard wrench for tightening or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws and formed by parallel contact surfaces together with the passage between them. In this case, the intermediate surface portion of the yawn can be substantially inactive with respect to the possibility of cooperating with the hexagonal head available at each time, and is preferably designed as a flat surface and distributed between adjacent sections, and at the receiving head is at a distance from each respective, deepest yawning the lateral faces of this always available hexagonal head.

Furthermore, the adjacent surface section, said adjacent surface section, namely the end projection, is a completed section, designed with a convex surface, which, upon receiving the head, is directed in the direction towards the corresponding lateral surface of the head, and at the same time this surface section is said to be terminated at least substantially radially inwardly. a directional, preferably slightly rounded back projection, which is intended to fit on the adjacent lateral surface adjacent to the intermediate portion of the adjacent lateral surface. It is particularly advantageous if the adjacent surface section is formed by a convex surface, which is projected in the direction of the corresponding lateral surface to enter into the gap area of the intended hexagonal nut or bolt, so that the subject of the section under consideration lies on said surface of the head about halfway down. length, ie about half its length, counting from the passage between the considered section and the intermediate portion of the yawning key, and at the same time this treated surface section is completed by at least substantially radially inwardly oriented, preferably slightly rounded back projection, which is provided for reclining said lateral planes having an adjacent lateral plane adjacent to the intermediate portion, about a quarter of its length, calculated from the passage between said lateral planes of the head.

It is furthermore preferred for the preferred embodiment of the key according to the invention that the remaining, i.e. the third surface portion of the yawn consists of a convex, in each case, side face surface of the locked surface, this time the respective head surface is located directly adjacent to that side face of the head, which is adjacent to the projection portion of the key opposite the projection projection. It is particularly advantageous if this remaining surface portion yawns, i.e., the projected portion without protrusion, consists of a convex, always available hexagonal head of screw or nut of the flattened surface, with that surface located directly adjacent to that side surface of said head. , which is adjacent to the intermediate section of the key, and wherein the topic of the section is arranged in an angle on the adjacent lateral surface of the head at a distance of about three-fourths of the length of the surface, calculated from the passage to the adjacent lateral surface of the head along the intermediate section, i.e. at least approximately a quarter of its length from the passage to the free lateral face, the adjacent lateral face parallel to the head plane adjacent to the yoke key portion is also free, namely without any involvement with the yoke key sections.

The invention will now be explained in further detail on the basis of the specific example of the key described in the accompanying drawing, where FIG. 1 key according to the invention, in the outline;

FIG. 2 shows the key according to the invention, again in the outline, but with the outline of the semi-finished product illustrated by the dashed line, FIG. 3 is a schematic outline of an illustrated key during use, namely in the position when it is mounted on a hexagonal head of a screw or a nut while tightening or unscrewing it.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the key according to the invention is designed as a single, elongated product, in particular forgings, and at least one end 1 is provided with a yoke 2 arranged at a suitable distance from the gripping area 3 of the key to provide the necessary torque.

In FIG. 2 shows the same key, with the help of the dashed line the outline of a fictitious yawn 2 'corresponding to the yarn of a semi-finished product / forgery, from which only a standard unscrewing key, or a standard unscrewing key, can be made. tightening hexagon screws or. nuts or - as will be explained below - also the key of the invention.

The inner contour of this yawning 2 'forge, respectively. The standard wrench is made up of parallel contact surfaces 21 ', 22', with a concave surface 23 'between them. Said surfaces 2Γ, 22 ', 23' therefore form the inner contour of the yawn 2 'of the semi-finished product / forgery. standard key, and thus in the context of the problem defined above, also the starting point for the design of the key according to the invention. It should be noted that the yaw 2, 2 'is optionally oriented so that it lies obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis 30 of the key, i.e. that the symmetry 20 between the parallel surfaces 21 ', 22' of the fictitious yawn 2 'with respect to said longitudinal axis 30 of the key, in the present case, extends at an angle of about 15 °.

The key of the invention comprises a yawn 2, which is basically designed to be unilaterally open, essentially trapezoidal or. as an extended letter V designed parasite. The inner region of the yawn 2 consists essentially of three surface sections, namely, the central section 21 and the lateral sections 22, 23, one of which 22 is terminated with a final back projection 220. In view of meeting the functional requirements, the required geometric characteristics of the key according to the invention will be hereinafter explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 3, where a hexagon nut or a hexagonal nut is also schematically illustrated. head of 6 screws intended for engagement with the key of the invention.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, of the six lateral faces 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, respectively, during screwing and / or screwing. by unscrewing the head 6 in contact or. the cooperation with the associated key locations according to the invention only three. The distance between each opposite pair of lateral surfaces 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 of head 6 is indicated by S, and the length of each of the lateral surfaces 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 in the circular direction is indicated by X.

The intermediate surface section 21 of the key 2 of the invention is also inactive and may be designed as a flat surface that, when in use, is at a distance from the respective, most deeply extending lateral side surfaces 61 of the head 6.

A further surface section 22, namely the one with said back projection 220, is formed in the region adjacent to the intermediate section 21 by a convex surface, which is aligned in the direction of the corresponding lateral surface 62 of the head 6, so that the most exposed area of this section 22, i.e. topic 2200 of section 21, which fits on said surface 62 of head 6 about halfway along its length X, that is, at a distance of about Χ / 2 from the passage between the considered section 22 and the intermediate section 21, yawns 2 keys. This surface section 22 is terminated by at least substantially radially inwardly directed, slightly rounded back projection 220, which rests on the aforementioned lateral surface 62 adjacent lateral surface 63, about a quarter (Χ / 4) of its length, counting from the passage between lateral surfaces 62, 63 of Chapter 6 mentioned.

A further surface section 23 of the key 2 of the invention consists of a convex, towards the corresponding side surface 66 of the head of the locked surface, the surface 66 being arranged directly adjacent to that side surface 61 adjacent to the intermediate portion 21 of the key 2. However, the most exposed area of this section is 23, i.e. of topic 2300, which fits in the associated side face portion 66 of the head at a distance of about 3/4 of the length of the face 66 (3 / 4Χ), counting from the passage to the adjacent side face 61 of the head 6 at intermediate section 21, respectively. at a distance of about Χ / 4 from the passage to the free lateral face 65, the adjacent face 64 parallel to the face 61 at the gap 21 is also free, i.e. without any involvement with sections 21, 22, 23, 2 keys are invented according to the invention.

The back protrusion 220 of section 22 and, lastly, the topics 2300 of section 23 represent the grips of a twin force, which, while providing a further back with the help of a top 2200 on section 22, provides the necessary torque transfer from the key to the head during the working movement of the key. unloaded wrench requires only a small key offset in the radial direction of the head 6 during the return stroke, eg for a distance of Χ / 4 in the direction of the joint between the transitions between surfaces 61, 62 and 64, 65, resulting in the said contact surfaces of sections 21, 22 , 23 keys come out of the grip with their respective side surfaces 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 of the head 6. With this movement of the key, therefore, the form-locking connection between the key and the head 6 is broken, which allows the key to rotate around the head 6 and thereby , positioning the key in a position suitable for further tightening or tightening. unscrewing the screw without having to remove the key and reinstall it on the head 6..

Having regard to FIG. 3 shows the features that enable the key of the invention to operate as well as the features explained in connection with FIG. 2, therefore, it is obvious that a perfectly acceptable key can be derived from the functionality point of view, which, thanks to the properly executed sections 21, 22, 23, of the yarn 2, allows for tightening or tightening. loosening the hexagon nut or head 6 of the screw, while at the same time all the said sections 21, 22, 23 are located outside the area of the fictitious yoke 2 'of the forgery or the standard wrench, namely the yoke 2' formed by parallel surfaces 21, 22 ' together with passage 23 'between them. This, of course, means that the key according to the invention can be produced in an extremely rational way, namely from the forgery as a standard key, using the same tools and the same technology, which undoubtedly significantly improves the cost-effectiveness of making the key and thus the competitiveness of this product on the market.

Claims (7)

1. A wrench designed for tightening and / or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws (6), comprising six lateral non-positive fittings (61, 62, 63. 64, 65, 66) of length (X) in circular direction and perpendicular to each other a radial direction (S), with a key (next to the corresponding gripping area (3) at least one end (1) provided with a yoke (2) arranged near the contour of the fictitious yoke (2 ') corresponding to the yoke of the semi-finished product , in particular forgings, or, as appropriate, the yoke of a standard wrench for tightening or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws (6) formed by parallel contact surfaces (2E, 22 ') together with the passage (23') between them, marked in that it comprises a yawn (2) consisting of three internal surface sections (21, 22, 23), namely an intermediate section (21) and convexly designed lateral sections (22, 23), one of which is a section (22) completed with a recess (220), all of which are sections (21, 22, 23) fully spaced outside the area of the inner contour (2 ') of the fictitious yoke (2') corresponding to the forging or standard wrench for screwing or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws (6) the parallel contact surfaces (21 ', 22') together with the passage (23 ') between them. Key according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a yawn (2) consisting of three internal surface sections (21, 22, 23), namely an intermediate section (21) and convexly designed lateral sections (22. 23), of which one section (22) is terminated by a slightly rounded, radially inwardly directed back projection (220), all of which said sections (21. 22, 23) are completely disposed outside the area of the inner contour (2 ') of the fictitious yoke ( 2 ') corresponding to a yoke of forgings or a standard wrench for tightening or unscrewing hexagon nuts or hexagon head screws (6) and forming a parallel contact surface (21', 22 ') with the passage (23') between them . Key according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate surface section (21) of the yawn (2) is designed as a flat surface and is arranged between adjacent sections (22. 23) and is at a distance when receiving the head (6). of each side, the deepest side (61) projecting side faces (61) of the head (6). -1111 Key according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjacent surface section (21) is adjacent to the surface section (22) formed by a convex surface, which is arranged in the direction of the corresponding lateral surface (62) for insertion into the yawn (2) provided hexagon nuts or head (6) of the screw, and at the same time this surface section (22) is completed with at least substantially radially inwardly oriented, slightly rounded back projection (220) intended to fit on the aforementioned lateral surface (62) at the intermediate section (21) adjacent lateral face (63). 5. A key according to claim 4, characterized in that the adjacent surface section (21) is adjacent a surface section (22) formed by a convex surface, which is arranged in the direction towards the corresponding side surface (62) to enter the yawn (2) of the intended hexagon nut or the head (6) of the screw such that the subject (2200) of section 2 rests on said surface (62) of the head (6) about half its length (X), ie at least about half the length (Χ / 2), counting from the passage between the section (22) and the intermediate section (21) of the keyhole (2), and at the same time this surface section (22) is terminated by a radially inwardly running, slightly rounded back projection (220), which is intended to engage on the aforementioned lateral the surface (62) along the time section (21) yawns (2) of the adjacent lateral surface (63), at about a quarter distance (Χ / 4) with respect to its total length (X), calculated from the passage between said lateral surfaces ( 62, 63) heads (6). Key according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the remaining surface portion (23) of the yawn (2) consists of a convex, towards the corresponding side surface (66) of the head (6) of the flattened surface, wherein this surface (66) arranged directly adjacent to that side face (61) of the head (6) located adjacent to the key portion (2) of the yoke (2). Key according to claim 6, characterized in that the remaining surface portion (23) of the yawn (2) consists of a convex, towards the associated side surface (66) of the head (6) of the flattened surface, with this surface (66) being directly arranged along that side face (61) of the head (6) adjacent to the intermediate section (21) of the key (2), and wherein the themes (2300) of the section (23) are arranged in contact with the corresponding side face (66) at a distance of approximately (3 / 4Χ) the length of the surface (66), calculated from the passage to the adjacent lateral surface (61) of the head (6) at the intermediate section (21) i.e. at least at an approximate distance (Χ / 4) from the passage to the free lateral surface (65), the adjacent surface (64) parallel to the surface (61) along the gap (21) is also free, viz. without any involvement with sections (21, 22, 23), yawns (2) of the key.