SI20224A - Automatic weapon "kalashnikov assault rifle" - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to hand automatic firearms. The weapon comprises a receiver (1) in which a trigger and firing mechanism and a locking mechanism are installed. The trigger and firing mechanism comprises a firing hammer (20) and a sear of the autosafety with an automatic sear notch (21). The locking mechanism comprises a turning bolt (8) and a bolt support (10) with a rear lug interacting with the firing hammer (20). On the receiver (1) a butt (3) is installed on a hinge, and at the front part there is a barrel (2) with a gas-escape mechanism. The novelty of the claimed automatic weapon is that the bolt support (10) is made in such a way that it can interact with the tapered supporting surface of the receiver (1). The rear lug is made in such length which eliminates contact of the firing hammer (20) with the firing rod (9) when the bolt support (10) recoils. The rod (12) is installed in the bolt support in such a way that a limited angular turning is allowed, for example, on the threading with a clearance. The gas tube (6) has a lug (17) which contacts with the slot (18) of the rear-sight bed (4) and is spring-loaded in the direction of the muzzle end. The sear (21) is made with a platform (23) of the autosafety and a platform (22) of the hand reloading sear notch providing guaranteed contact of the bolt support (10) and the firing hammer (20) under hand reloading and a guaranteed clearance between them under automatic fire. In the butt there are reinforcing ribs (30) which form a trap (31) for the box (32) with accessories closed by a spring-loaded turning cap (34) installed in such a way that it can interact with the pusher (27) of the retainer (29) of the stowed position. In the rifled portion of the barrel (2) transition from the land to the bottom of rifling is made in the form of two conjugating radii and a tangent located perpendicularly to the plane passing through the bore axis of the barrel (2) and the centre of the land. In the barrel (2) between the conic taper of the lands (42) and the rifled por

Description

The invention relates to hand-held automatic firearms.

Known Kalashnikov assault rifle AK-47, cal. 7.62 mm (see: Manual on firing, 7.62 mm AK Kalashnikov assault rifle, M. DOSAAF Publishing House, 1969), has a housing head, a tube with a charge bearing and a drawn section, a locking support with a lock, a trigger and firing mechanism. with a trigger, a trigger hammer, and an automatic guard and a split hoof.

Known AKMS Kalashnikov assault rifle, cal. 7.62 mm with folding hoof (see: Manual on firing, 7.62 mm AKM and AKMS Kalashnikov assault rifle, M. Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the US SR, 1971), taken as a prototype, comprising the head of the housing , a locking mechanism, comprising a rotary lock with a shock needle arranged in a locking support mounted on the guides of the housing head and having a rear nose which cooperates with a trigger hammer, a trigger and firing mechanism comprising hammers and an automatic guard trigger lever, an outlet of gas with a gas piston, the rod of which is arranged in the hole of the locking support, the folding hoof and the hose with the bearing of the gauge, comprising the charge bearing and the drawing section.

The disadvantages of this model are low reliability, concealment of the rifle when used in extreme climatic and non-standard conditions, relatively low precision shooting, insufficient operational characteristics.

It is an object of the present invention to increase the reliability and operational characteristics of the rifle.

To solve the problem, the assault rifle has a housing head, a locking mechanism, including a rotary lock with a shock needle arranged in a locking support mounted on the guides of the housing head and having a rear nose which cooperates with the trigger hammer, a trigger and firing lock. , comprising hammers and a trigger guard of the automatic guard with a trigger pin, a gas outlet mechanism with a gas tube and a piston, the rod of which is arranged in the hole of the locking support, a folding hoof with holders of the firing and transport position, and a tube with a bearing bearing, comprising a charge bearing and a cartoon section.

The novelty of the patent application of the device is that the locking support is designed in such a way that it can cooperate with the considered support surface of the housing head in the forward position; the rear nose of the locking support shall be of such length as to prevent the trigger hammer from contacting the impact needle when the locking support strikes back; the bar is arranged in a locking support in such a way that a limited angular rotation is allowed, and the gas tube is provided with a nozzle in contact with the notch of the bearing of the gauge.

The gas piston rod is inserted into the hole of the locking support by means of a threaded thread. The automatic safety actuator lever is provided with a manual charge trigger lever in the form of a platform on the actuator lever, which is disposed at a distance from the locking support path to ensure that the locking support contacts the trigger hammer; the firing pin of the trigger guard for automatic firing is designed to deviate from the path of the locking support to provide clearance between the locking support and the trigger hammer during automatic firing.

In the hoof, reinforcement ribs are arranged to form a receiver for a box with accessories closed by a spring-loaded rotatable lid arranged in such a way that pushers and holders can be engaged in the transport position.

The gas outlet hose is spring loaded in the direction of the end of the gas brake relative to the gauge bearing.

In the drawing section of the pipe, a passage in the form of two adjacent radii and a tangent arranged perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the caliber and the center of the furrow field is designed from field ^{1 of the} groove to the bottom of the groove. In the pipe, an additional conical section of length L _l = (4 ... 6) * L is formed between the conical field narrower and the section drawn, where L is the sum of the lengths of the support cone of the charge bearing and the conical field narrower.

The combination of the proposed features of the submachine gun provided has significantly increased the reliability and operational characteristics of the unit.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 assault rifle in general view;

FIG. 2 is a view from FIG. 1, locking support in the forward position in contact with the housing head attachment;

FIG. 3 a gas outlet mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 trigger hammers in contact with the rear nose;

FIG. 6 trigger hammers on the trigger lever pin when manually loading the trigger trigger for automatic firing;

FIG. 7 trigger hammers on the tooth for automatic firing of the trigger for automatic firing;

FIG. 8 plastic hoof with receiver (cross-section);

FIG. 9 is a hoof, cross-section ΙΧ-ΙΧ of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-section, cross section Χ-Χ of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a hoof, magnification D of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 pipe (cross section);

^{1 is an} area between two grooves - barrels of a barrel of a pipe. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the tube in side view, cross-section ΧΙΙΙ-ΧΙΙΙ of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a label of FIG. 13; and FIG. 15 is an indication of M in FIG. 3.

The automatic weapon provided (Fig. 1) comprises a housing head 1 to which a tube 2 is attached at the front and a collapsible plastic hoof 3 at the rear. A housing 4 gauge and a gas chamber 5 are arranged on the tube; a gas tube 6 is mounted thereon. In the housing head (Fig. 4), a locking mechanism (Fig. 3) is arranged on the guides 7, comprising a rotary lock 8 with a shock needle 9 arranged in the locking support 10. The locking support has a rear nose 11 ; a locking rod 12 with a piston 13 is fixed in the hole of the locking support by means of a threaded thread. On the side, the locking support has a support platform 14 (Fig. 2), a nozzle 15 with a double-sided platform 16 is designed on the housing head. 17, which fits into the notch 18 of the housing 4 of the gauge, and is spring loaded with a spring in the direction of the end of the gas brake 19. An actuating and firing mechanism (Fig. 6) is provided inside the housing head, containing the trigger hammers 20 and an automatic guard with a trigger lever. 21, which comprises a platform charge of the manual filler in the form of a platform 22 and an automatic chargeable trigger lever of the automatic charge in the form of a platform 23 (Fig. 7). To the head 1 of the housing (Figs. 8, 9), a hoist 3 is attached to the hinge by means of the axis 24. The latter comprises a hollow plastic cassette 25, a rammer 26, pushing 27 with an attachment 28 in contact with the holder 29 of the transport position. Inside the cassette are designed reinforcement ribs 30 (FIG. 10) that form a receiver 31 for box 32 with accessories. The box is spring loaded with a spring 33 and rests on a rotatable cover 34 whose lower attachment 35 (Fig. 11) is pushed in contact with the reciprocal attachment 36. The lateral recesses 37 (Fig. 9) on the outer surface of the hoof are designed in the form seat for receiving night visor 38 attached to the head 1 of the housing. In the rear of the housing head there is a spring loaded, as a sign Γ designed holder of the firing position of the hoof.

The barrel 2 of the rifle (Fig. 12) comprises a charge bearing 40 with a support cone 41 and a drawing section comprising a conical strap 42 of the field, an additional conical region 43 and a cylindrical section 44. The length of the additional conical region is Ll = (4 ... 6) * (L _s + L _c ), where L _{s is the} length of the support cone and L _{c is the} length of the conical strait of the fields.

The drawn pipe section is a profile with grooves and fields (Figs. 13, 14). The transition between them comprises a section ab with radius r _{1t, a} section bc with radius r _2, and a section cd tangent n to radius r ₂ , which is normal to the surface S passing through the axis of the caliber and the middle of the field; d _L is the diameter of the field and ck is the diameter of the furrow.

Automatic weapons operate as follows. In order to charge the rifle, it is necessary to pull the locking support 10 back and release it suddenly. When the locking support is pulled upwards, its rear nose 11 strains the hammers 20, which grips the sprocket 22 of the actuator lever for manually filling the actuator lever 21 at a distance from the path of the locking support, which is reflected in the K conflict between the hammer and the locking support. When the actuator is pressed, lightning strikes and the piston gases act on the locking support through the piston 13 with the rod 12 and push it back. As you move backwards, the locking support re-strains the hammers; the hammers are rotated and gripped into the pin 23 of the actuator lever, which is arranged at a distance from the path of the locking support, forming a clearance L between the hammer and the locking support. As a result, when it strikes back, the locking support freely crosses the hammer without touching it, providing greater reliability. When the hammer is strained with the rear nose 11, it is never in contact with the impact needle 9, because of the specially selected length, a clearance / (Fig. 5) is provided and the impact needle does not push the charge prematurely out of the bed, preventing the loss of charges.

When the locking support 10 occupies a front position, its support platform 14, taken at an angle β (Fig. 2), hits the reciprocally considered platform 16 of the housing head attachment 15. In this case, the locking support moves to the left and presses against the left guide 7 of the housing head. The piston rod 13 of the locking rod 12 enters the gas chamber 5 and, by rotating the locking support at an appropriate angle, takes up the clearance in the threaded joint, compensating for defects in the gas chamber installation on the pipe and preventing the locking rod from deflecting.

When firing, the gas tube 6, which is fixed in the notch 18 with the nozzle 17 and is spring loaded with the spring 19 of the gauge bearing, does not perform inertial movements.

When fired, the bullets are initially cut into the lynx fields; the additional conical region 43 accelerates the smoother, more uniform incision of the ball, reducing the specific pressure of the ball into the fields. All this allows more uniform deformation of the ball according to the shape of the fields and increases the life of the tube. The availability of a curved transition surface from the fields to the abc furrow formed by the radii o and r ₂ and the linear section cd along the tangent allows better filling of the furrows by the sphere sheath, thus preventing gun gas leakage and increasing the stability of the ball exit velocity.

The plastic hoof 3 can be folded from the firing position to the transport position and vice versa. To move the hoof from the firing position to the transport position, it is necessary to press the pusher 27 projecting from the shoulder of the shoulder 26; the pusher 27 moves in the cavity of the cassette 25 of the hoof and with its attachment 28 activates the holder 29 of the transport position and releases the holder which is in the grip with the side wall of the shoulder 26. Then the hoof must be rotated about the axis 24 and positioned in the firing position. To position the hoof in the transport position, it is necessary to press the holder 39 of the firing position and, by turning the hoof about the axis 24, place it in the transport position. As a result, the holder 29 of the transport position grips the lateral edge of the ramen and fixes its hoof in the transport position with its tooth. When the hoof is folded, the night visor 38 is arranged in a pocket 37 on the outer surface of the hoof. To pull out the box 32 with accessories, it is necessary to push the cover 34 of the rammer 26 with your finger; the lid swings and opens a hole in the ramen. The box is pulled out of the hole formed by the reinforcing ribs 30 in the cavity of the hoof cassette 25 thanks to the spring 33. The spring loaded cover 34 returns to its initial position; for this to happen, the lower cover portion 35, which cooperates with the pusher assembly 27, pushes the pusher into position.

The present invention fully solves the technical problem posed; enhances reliability and operational performance and will be widespread in new Kalashnikov assault rifle models currently under construction (AK 101, AK 102, AK 103, AK 104, AK 105, etc.).

Claims (7)

1. Automatic weapons, comprising a housing head (1), a trigger and firing mechanism, 5 including a hammer (20) and a trigger guard (21) for an automatic firing guard (21), a locking mechanism comprising a rotary lock (8) with a shock needle (9) arranged in a locking support (10) mounted on the guides (7) of the housing head (1) and having a rear nose (11) that cooperates with the hammer (20), a gas outlet mechanism with a gas pipe (5) and a piston (13), 10 whose rod (12) is arranged in the hole of the locking support (10), the collapsible hoof (3) with the holder of the firing and transport position, and the tube with the bearing (4) of the measure, comprising the charge bearing (40) and the drawing section, characterized in that the locking support (10 ) constructed in such a way that it is able to engage, in the forward position, with the considered surface (16) of the housing head (1); the rear nose (11) of the locking support 15 (10) is made of a length that prevents the trigger hammer (20) from contacting the impact needle (9) when the locking support (10) strikes back; the bar (12) is arranged in a locking support in such a way that a limited angular movement is permitted, and the gas tube (6) is provided with a nozzle (17) which is in contact with the notch (18) of the gauge bearing (4). 20 Automatic weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod (12) of the gas piston (13) is disposed through the threaded hole in the hole of the locking support (10). Automatic weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that, for manual loading, the automatic guard trigger lever (21) comprises a trigger lever pin in 25 in the form of a platform (22) on the actuator lever (21) arranged at a distance from the path of the locking support (10), thereby ensuring contact of the locking support (10) with the trigger hammer (20), and the platform (23) of the actuator lever pin for automatic filling on the actuator lever (21), which is based on the distance from the path of the locking support (10), thereby providing clearance between the locking support (10) and the actuating spring 30 hammers (20). Automatic weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that in the hoof (3) the reinforcing ribs (30) form a receiver (31) for a box (32) with accessories, the receiver being covered by a spring-loaded rotary cover (34), positioned in such a way that it can engage with the pusher (27) of the transport position holder. Automatic weapon according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gas tube (6) is spring loaded with respect to the end (4) of the gauge in the direction of the end of the gas brake. Automatic weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that in the drawing section of the tube (2) there is a transition from the field to the bottom of the furrow in the form of two radii and a tangent placed perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the hole and 10 midfield. Automatic weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an additional conical section of length L _l = (4 ... 6) χ L in the tube between the conical narrowing of the fields (42) and the drawing section, where L is the sum of the lengths the support cone of the charge sleeve and the conical strait 15 boxes (42).