SE8801552A0 - Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium cooling - Google Patents
Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium coolingInfo
- Publication number
- SE8801552A0 SE8801552A0 SE8801552A SE8801552A SE8801552A0 SE 8801552 A0 SE8801552 A0 SE 8801552A0 SE 8801552 A SE8801552 A SE 8801552A SE 8801552 A SE8801552 A SE 8801552A SE 8801552 A0 SE8801552 A0 SE 8801552A0
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- air
- gas
- cooling
- water
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
-7-:••.:" j•*':: Foreliggande uppfinning avser en anordning for uppvArmning av komfortluft eller processgas med forbrukad komfortluft eller anvAnd process-gas i en vArmevAxlare med minst tre steg. I det forsta steget sAnkes pA primArsidan temperaturen pA luften eller gasen ned intill luftens eller gasens daggpunkt for i forsta hand syrautfallning i det andra steget snabbkyles luften eller gasen med vatten eller kall luft for att i tredje steget sAnka temperaturen ytterligare utan att man far korrosionsangrepp pa vaxlarytorna eller dess omgivning. Detta astadkommes antingen genom att tillfora vatten i steg 2 eller genom att dAr tillfOra luft med lag temperatur och salunda med 1Sgt vatteninnehall. Denna luft "torkar" luften eller gasen frAn steg 1 och forhindrar att kondens Overhuvud taget bildas pa ytorna i steg 3. The present invention relates to a device for heating comfort air or process gas with consumed comfort air or using process gas in a heat exchanger with at least three steps. In the first step, the temperature is lowered on the primary side. on the air or gas down to the dew point of the air or gas, primarily for acid precipitation in the second stage, the air or gas is rapidly cooled with water or cold air in order to lower the temperature further in the third stage without corrosion attack on the wax surfaces or its surroundings. by supplying water in step 2 or by supplying air at low temperature and salunda with 1Sgt water content.This air "dries" the air or gas from step 1 and prevents condensation from forming on the surfaces in step 3 at all.
Description
-7-:••.:" j•*':: Sammandrag Foreliggande uppfinning avser en anordning for uppvArmning av komfortluft eller processgas med forbrukad komfortluft eller anvAnd process-gas i en vArmevAxlare med minst tre steg. I det forsta steget sAnkes pA primArsidan temperaturen pA luften eller gasen ned intill luftens eller gasens daggpunkt for i forsta hand syrautfallning i det andra steget snabbkyles luften eller gasen med vatten eller kall luft for att i tredje steget sAnka temperaturen ytterligare utan att man far korrosionsangrepp pa vaxlarytorna eller dess omgivning. Detta astadkommes antingen genom att tillfora vatten i steg 2 eller genom att dAr tillfOra luft med lag temperatur och salunda med 1Sgt vatteninnehall. Denna luft "torkar" luften eller gasen frAn steg 1 och forhindrar att kondens Overhuvud taget bildas pa ytorna i steg 3. • 8801552 - Luft- och gasvarmevaxlare i tre steg med mellankylning. -7-: •• .: "j • * ':: Summary The present invention relates to a device for heating comfort air or process gas with consumed comfort air or using process gas in a heat exchanger with at least three steps. In the first stage, on the primary side, the temperature of the air or gas is lowered down to the dew point of the air or gas, primarily acid precipitation. In the second stage, the air or gas is rapidly cooled with water or cold air to lower the temperature further without corrosion. the wax surfaces or its surroundings. This is achieved either by supplying water in step 2 or by supplying air at low temperature and salunda with 1Sgt water content. This air "dries" the air or gas from step 1 and prevents condensation from forming on the surfaces in step 3 at all. • 8801552 - Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with intermediate cooling.
FOreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en varmevaxlare bestAende av en primar sida i vilket det primara fluidiet luft eller gas nedkyles av ett sekundart fludie sasom luft, gas eller vatska sA lAngt att kondensering kan intrada. The present invention relates to a heat exchanger consisting of a primary side in which the primary fluid air or gas is cooled by a secondary fluid such as air, gas or liquid to the extent that condensation can enter.
Problemen uppstar om luften eller gasen pA den primara sidan innehAller amnen sAsom svavel, klor mm, vilka amnen tillsammans med vatten bildar foreningar, som ger upphov till korrosion pA vaxlarens varmeytor eller andra delar i vaxlaren och denna korrosion kan pA kort tid forstora vaxlaren. Problems arise if the air or gas on the primary side contains substances such as sulfur, chlorine, etc., which substances together with water form compounds, which give rise to corrosion on the heat surfaces of the exchanger or other parts of the exchanger and this corrosion can enlarge the exchanger in a short time.
Sedan lange har man val kant till detta problem och man har pa olika satt forsokt losa problemen genom att i forsta hand i vaxlaren anvanda mot korrosionen motstAndskraftigt material med eller utan spolning med vat-ten eller andra lampliga vatskor av varmeytorna. For a long time, there has been a choice edge to this problem and attempts have been made in various ways to solve the problems by primarily using corrosion-resistant material in the exchanger with or without flushing with water or other suitable water shoes of the heating surfaces.
Vanligtvis har man, dA man befarar korrosion, anvant rostfria material och det har framtagits flera sAdana, som har visat sig lampliga till viss del men de har inte klarat problemen vid kondensering av t ex rtikgaser. Namnas kan Avestas SMO 254, Fagerstas R 460 och det nyligen av Sandvik framtagna materialet 2304. Det ar ej kant om nagot av dessa material med rokgas pA primarsidan och luft pa den andra i naqot fall under langre tid klarat korrosionen om man fatt kondensering av rokgasen. Till detta kommer att kondensering med kondensatet intranggande i smala spalter ger upphov till s k spaltkorrosion, som ar annu mer besvdrande an korrosion pa en fri varmeyta. Usually, when corrosion is feared, stainless steel materials have been used and several sAdana have been developed, which have proved to be suitable to some extent, but they have not coped with the problems of condensing eg gases. Mention may be made of Avesta's SMO 254, Fagerstas R 460 and the material recently developed by Sandvik 2304. It is not known whether any of these materials with flue gas on the primary side and air on the other in any case for a long time coped with the corrosion if condensation of the flue gas . In addition, condensation with the condensate penetrating into narrow gaps gives rise to so-called crevice corrosion, which is even more troublesome than corrosion on a free heating surface.
I rdkgaser ingAr alltid mer eller mindre mangder svavel, som i forening med vatten (kondensat) till slut bildar svavelsyra. Redan vid laga koncentrationer paverkar denna svavelforening materialet i varmeytorna starkt nedbrytande mojligen kan titan under langre tid klara angreppen, men detta material ar mycket dyrt och skulle darfdr i de flesta fall darfor vara uteslutet. Red gases always contain more or less amounts of sulfur, which in combination with water (condensate) eventually forms sulfuric acid. Even at low concentrations, this sulfur compound has a strong degrading effect on the material in the heating surfaces. Titanium can withstand the attacks for a long time, but this material is very expensive and would therefore in most cases therefore be excluded.
I alla hOglegerade s k rostfria material ingar bl a krom och nickel till betydande delar. De far i framtiden betraktas som bristvaror och man kan (Jaffa)" befara att priset pa legeringar, i vilka dessa material ingar kommer att Oka mycket kraftigt, vilket gör det synnerligen angelaget att finna andra billigare tekniska losningar. In all highly alloyed so-called stainless materials, including chromium and nickel to significant parts. They may in the future be regarded as scarce goods and one may (Jaffa) "fear that the price of alloys in which these materials will increase very sharply, which makes it extremely urgent to find other cheaper technical solutions.
Korrosionen fran t ex svavelsyra i olika koncentrationer är starkt beroende av temperaturen och uppvisar ett markant maximum vid en temperatur mellan 110-10C, Tar den är en tiopotens stOrre an vid en nagot hOgre eller lagre temperatur. DarfOr bor man undvika denna temperatur vad avser vaxlarytorna eller dar man har annat kansligt material. Ett annat satt att minska korrosionsproblemen är att fOrstika undvika kondensutfallning pa varmeytorna genom att forhindra att den s k daggpunkten nâs. vid vilken kondensationen paborjas. The corrosion from eg sulfuric acid in different concentrations is strongly dependent on the temperature and shows a marked maximum at a temperature between 110-10C. If it is a ten-potency greater than at a slightly higher or lower temperature. Therefore, you should avoid this temperature with regard to the wax surfaces or where you have other sensitive material. Another way to reduce corrosion problems is to prevent condensation from precipitating on the heating surfaces by preventing the so-called dew point from being reached. at which the condensation is drilled.
Problemen i en varmevaxlare for t ex rokgas är huvudsakligen: att minska eller helt fOrsoka undvika kondensationen aven vid laga rokgastemperaturer, att minska eller heist forhindra nedsmutsning pa vaxlarytorna, som snabbt leder till ett samre energiutbyte, att sanka den utgaende primargastemperaturen sA langt som mOjligt utan att darvid fa problem med korrosionen. Detta har en avgbrande betydelse for ekonomin. The problems in a heat exchanger for eg flue gas are mainly: to reduce or completely try to avoid condensation even at low flue gas temperatures, to reduce or prevent contamination of the wax surfaces, which quickly leads to a more efficient energy exchange, to lower the outgoing primary gas temperature as far as possible without causing corrosion problems. This has a decisive effect on the economy.
Dessa problem kan lOsas enligt foreliggande uppfinning, som hanfor sig till varmevaxling mellan ett primart fluidium sasom luft eller gas pa primarsidan och ett sekundart fluidium sasom luft, gas eller vatska pa sekundarsidan i en vaxlarenenhet med minst tre steg. 1 det forsta steget sankes temperaturen till i narheten av gasens korrosionsmaximum och i detta steg kan relativt billigt material anvandas shorn aluminium eller laglegerat stAl. Darefter gores en snabbkylning av gasen i ett utrymme, som inte är kansligt for korrosion och darefter far gasen passera vaxlarens'slutsteg antingen under vattenspolning eller nedkyld av den i steg tvA tillsatta uteluften eller en kombination av de bada systemen. I sistnamnda fallet kan relativt lAglegerat material anvandas i varmeytorna i det fOrstnamnda mera hoglegerat. These problems can be solved according to the present invention, which relates to heat exchange between a primary fluid such as air or gas on the primary side and a secondary fluid such as air, gas or liquid on the secondary side in an exchanger unit with at least three steps. In the first step, the temperature is lowered to near the corrosion maximum of the gas and in this step, relatively cheap material can be used shorn aluminum or alloy steel. Then the gas is rapidly cooled in a space which is not susceptible to corrosion and then the gas is allowed to pass the final stage of the exchanger either during water flushing or cooled by the outdoor air added in step two or a combination of the two systems. In the latter case, relatively low-alloy material can be used in the heating surfaces of the former more high-alloy.
Vid vatteninspolning i sektion tva far man am man Astadkommer mycket sma droppar en snabb nedkylning av rokgasen samt senare i steg tre en utspadning av kondensatutfallningen samtidigt med en renspolning av vaxlarytorna. When rinsing water in section two, you get very small drops, a rapid cooling of the flue gas and later in step three a dilution of the condensate precipitate at the same time as a rinsing of the wax surfaces.
Om kall luft tillsattes med den s k bypassflakten i steg tva har denna luft pa grund av sin laga temperatur ett Mgt vatteninnehall. Den far . snabbt blanda sig med den frAn steg ett kommande nAgot nedkylda gasen, -3-•*.:•• •••• som har ett forhallandevis hOgt vatteninnehAll och man kan nu genom att tillsatta olika mangder bypassluft fran bypassflakten paverka blandningens gemensamma vatteninnehAll sa att kondensation ej kan ske inne i vaxlarens tredje steg - man nar med andra ord inte mattnaden for gasen inom vaxlaren. If cold air was added with the so-called bypass space in step two, this air has a high water content due to its low temperature. That father. quickly mix with the from a step a slightly cooled gas, -3- • * .: •• •••• which has a relatively high water content and you can now by adding different amounts of bypass air from the bypass surface affect the mixture's common water content so that condensation can not take place inside the exchanger's third stage - in other words you do not reach the mat for the gas inside the exchanger.
Med en termostat, som kanner den frAn steg tre utgaende gasens temperatur kan man hAlla denna Over gasens berAknade s k daggpunkt och Overka bypassflakten att antingen bka eller minska luftflOdet Over denna via ett varvtalsregleringsorgan eller en strypningsfunktion. Om man far kondensation marks detta direkt genom att kondens avtappas till ett speciellt karl med ett nivakannande organ, som vid okande niva ger impuls till bypassflakten att oka dess flbde. With a thermostat, which knows the temperature of the outgoing gas from step three, you can keep this over the gas's calculated so-called dew point and Overka the bypass surface to either increase or decrease the air flow Over this via a speed control means or a throttling function. If condensation is obtained, this is marked directly by draining condensation to a special vessel with a level-sensing member, which at an increasing level gives impulse to the bypass space to increase its flow.
Den via bypassflakten tillsatta luften minskar givetvis temperaturen pa den fran steg ett kommande gasen men genom det okade flodet i steg tre far man till stor del tillbaka denna varmeforlust. The air added via the bypass surface naturally reduces the temperature of the gas coming from stage one, but due to the increased flow in stage three, this heat loss is largely regained.
Uppfinningen skall nu i det foljande narmare beskrivas med hanvisning till bifogade ritning, vilken schematiskt visar en utforingsform av en anordning enligt uppfinningen. The invention will now be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, which schematically shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention.
Gasvaxlaren bestar av de tre stegen 7, 4/12 och 3 med primarflakten 19 och sekundarflakten 9. Bypassflakten 5 'Or monterad i anslutning till steg 2:s utrymme 4. Mellan utrymmena 4 och 12 i steg 2 finns en noga avtatad mellanvagg 13. The gas exchanger consists of the three stages 7, 4/12 and 3 with the primary plane 19 and the secondary plane 9. The bypass plane 5 'Or mounted in connection with stage 2's space 4. Between spaces 4 and 12 in stage 2 there is a carefully tapered intermediate wall 13.
Rbkgas inkommer genom rtiret 10 och anslutningen 11 gAr in i steg 1 genom vaxlaren 7 ut i utrymmet 4 i steg 2, blandas har antingen med luft eller vatten fran flakten eller pumpen 5 fortsatter nedkyld in I steg tre genom vaxiaren 3 och ut genom anslutning 18 och flakten 19 for att sedan fortsatta till en skorsten eller dylikt (ej visat I figuren). Flue gas enters through the nozzle 10 and the connection 11 enters step 1 through the exchanger 7 into the space 4 in step 2, is mixed with either air or water from the flue or the pump 5 continues to cool down in step three through the waxer 3 and out through connection 18 and the flap 19 to then proceed to a chimney or the like (not shown in the figure).
Luft, gas eller vatska inkommer genom rtiret 1, fortsatter genom anslutning 2 in i steg 3 genom vaxlaren 3 ut till steg 2:s utrymme 12 och sedan in i steg 1:s vaxlardel 7 och ut genom anslutning 8 och flokten eller pumpen 9 for att sedan fortsatta till den process den fOrvarmd skall deItaga i. Air, gas or liquid enters through the outlet 1, continues through connection 2 into step 3 through the exchanger 3 out to the space 2 of the step 2 and then into the wobbler part 7 of the step 1 and out through the connection 8 and the float or pump 9 to then proceed to the process in which the preheated must take part.
Vaxlardelarna 3 och 7 bestar av en eller flera moduler med plena eller speciellt profilerade platter enligt det svenska patentet 8000118. Det senare systemet ger en mangfaldigt battre varmegenomgang an det forst namnda med plane platter och gasvAxlaren blir ddrigenom bade mindre och effektivare. I den ena mellan plattorna bildade utrymmet gAr primarfluidiet i det intilliggande sekunddrfluidiet. I vdxlardelen 3 ar salunda primargaskanalerna anslutna till anslutning 18 och utrymmet 4 och i vaxlardelen 7 pa samma satt anslutna till samma utrymme 4 och anslutning 11. PA samma satt Jr sekundargaskanalerna anslutna till anslutning 2, utrymmet 12 och anslutning 8. The exchanger parts 3 and 7 consist of one or more modules with flat or specially profiled plates according to the Swedish patent 8000118. The latter system provides a much better heat transfer than the former with flat plates and the gas exchanger thereby becoming both smaller and more efficient. In the space formed between the plates, the primary fluid becomes the adjacent secondary fluid. In the exchange part 3, the primary gas channels are thus connected to connection 18 and the space 4 and in the exchange part 7 in the same way connected to the same space 4 and connection 11. In the same way the secondary gas channels are connected to connection 2, the space 12 and connection 8.
Bypassflakten eller pumpen 5 tar sin luft eller sitt vatten med sa lag temperatur som mejligt leder det genom rOret 6 till utrymmet 4 i steg 2, dar det foretradesvis via munstycken i motstromning blandas med den fran steg 1 kommande gasen i vaxlaren 7. Nedkylningen kontrolleras antingen av en termostat 17 eller en nivAgivare 15, son bAda via ledningar 16 pAverkar fladet genom bypassflakten eller pumpen 5. -b- : • The bypass flange or pump 5 takes its air or water at a temperature which possibly leads it through the pipe 6 to the space 4 in step 2, where it is preferably mixed via nozzles in countercurrent with the gas coming from step 1 in the exchanger 7. The cooling is controlled either of a thermostat 17 or a level sensor 15, which via both lines 16 affects the surface through the bypass surface or the pump 5. -b-: •
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801552A SE8801552A0 (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1988-04-26 | Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium cooling |
| PCT/SE1989/000230 WO1989010526A1 (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1989-04-25 | A three-stage gas heat-exchanger with intermediate cooling |
| AU35346/89A AU3534689A (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1989-04-25 | A three-stage gas heat-exchanger with intermediate cooling |
| NZ228884A NZ228884A (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1989-04-26 | Three-stage heat exchanger for cooling flue gases with minimal corrosion of exchanger; intermediate cooling by fluid injection into gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801552A SE8801552A0 (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1988-04-26 | Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium cooling |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8801552D0 SE8801552D0 (en) | 1988-04-26 |
| SE8801552L SE8801552L (en) | 1989-10-27 |
| SE8801552A0 true SE8801552A0 (en) | 1989-10-27 |
Family
ID=20372131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801552A SE8801552A0 (en) | 1988-04-26 | 1988-04-26 | Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium cooling |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3534689A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ228884A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8801552A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989010526A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5376526A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1994-12-27 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Genomic mismatch scanning |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3010773C2 (en) * | 1980-03-20 | 1983-12-29 | Bilger, Friedrich, 7900 Ulm | Flue gas heated heat exchanger |
| US4494596A (en) * | 1980-05-16 | 1985-01-22 | Haden Schweitzer Corporation | Method and apparatus for conditioning air temperature and humidity |
| DE3149468C2 (en) * | 1981-12-14 | 1985-05-30 | Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar | Device for heat recovery from the exhaust gases of a boiler |
| DE3216757A1 (en) * | 1982-01-23 | 1983-11-10 | Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann | Device for using the waste heat of heating boilers and for ventilating rooms |
-
1988
- 1988-04-26 SE SE8801552A patent/SE8801552A0/en unknown
-
1989
- 1989-04-25 WO PCT/SE1989/000230 patent/WO1989010526A1/en unknown
- 1989-04-25 AU AU35346/89A patent/AU3534689A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-04-26 NZ NZ228884A patent/NZ228884A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8801552L (en) | 1989-10-27 |
| SE8801552D0 (en) | 1988-04-26 |
| NZ228884A (en) | 1991-11-26 |
| AU3534689A (en) | 1989-11-24 |
| WO1989010526A1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5096543A (en) | Carrier gas apparatus for evaporation and condensation | |
| US5078205A (en) | Cooling system for condensing the exhaust steam of steam turbine plants, particularly of power plants | |
| US4291757A (en) | Multiple heat pump and heat balancing system for multi-stage material processing | |
| JPS6222054B2 (en) | ||
| US4928753A (en) | Heat exchanger | |
| US6233941B1 (en) | Condensation system | |
| CA1150067A (en) | Side stream type condensing system and method of operating the same | |
| US4776170A (en) | Device for degassing the condensate in the cycle of an electricity generating plant | |
| US4611652A (en) | Method of preventing corrosion in boiler-plant equipment | |
| JPH0633959B2 (en) | Condenser in the water / steam circuit of the prime mover | |
| CN103184299A (en) | Heat recovery method and heat recovery device for slag flushing water of iron and steel plant | |
| SE8801552A0 (en) | Air and gas heat exchanger in three stages with medium cooling | |
| CA2573993C (en) | A method of and an apparatus for protecting a heat exchanger and a steam boiler provided with an apparatus for protecting a heat exchanger | |
| JPH09250730A (en) | Cooler for screw conveyor | |
| US4239511A (en) | Process and apparatus for cooling coke oven gas | |
| EP0434395A1 (en) | Condensing economisers | |
| JPS6114420A (en) | Seawater suction device for cooling engine of shipping on ice waters | |
| CN105627787A (en) | Full-evaporation air cooling condenser and using method thereof | |
| WO1982004115A1 (en) | A boiler arrangement | |
| CN204255134U (en) | Pervaporation air cooling tubes condenser | |
| DE102011103628A1 (en) | Method for enhancing efficiency of e.g. turbo supercharger, involves producing condensation energy of exhaust gas by cooling process so as to operate low-temperature heating circuit by using condensation energy | |
| JPH0621736B2 (en) | Absorption refrigerator | |
| EP0270800B1 (en) | Heat exchanger | |
| Drummond et al. | A water-cooled hood system for Peirce-Smith converters and similar furnace vessels | |
| EP0321452A1 (en) | Method of recovering heat energy from an exhaust gas |