SE544262C2 - A method for connecting one or more electric battery units to an electrical system - Google Patents

A method for connecting one or more electric battery units to an electrical system

Info

Publication number
SE544262C2
SE544262C2 SE2050813A SE2050813A SE544262C2 SE 544262 C2 SE544262 C2 SE 544262C2 SE 2050813 A SE2050813 A SE 2050813A SE 2050813 A SE2050813 A SE 2050813A SE 544262 C2 SE544262 C2 SE 544262C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
short
circuit
electric battery
battery unit
electrical system
Prior art date
Application number
SE2050813A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE2050813A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Zafeiropoulos
Kent Kvarnström
Mathias Björkman
Peter Engstrand
Grip Rasmus Löfstrand
Robert Jadeborg
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Ab filed Critical Scania Cv Ab
Priority to SE2050813A priority Critical patent/SE544262C2/en
Priority to BR112022023816A priority patent/BR112022023816A2/en
Priority to US18/010,524 priority patent/US20230226930A1/en
Priority to EP21832210.5A priority patent/EP4175848A4/en
Priority to CN202180039393.5A priority patent/CN115803218A/en
Priority to PCT/SE2021/050628 priority patent/WO2022005372A1/en
Publication of SE2050813A1 publication Critical patent/SE2050813A1/en
Publication of SE544262C2 publication Critical patent/SE544262C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/54—Passive balancing, e.g. using resistors or parallel MOSFETs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/585—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/685—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/70—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/751—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is related to a method (100) for connecting one or more electric battery units (200; 500) to an electrical system (300). The method comprises:• maintaining (102) a system short-circuit which short-circuits the electrical system (300);• when the system short-circuit is maintained, electrically connecting (104) a first electric battery unit (200; 200a; 500), which is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, to the electrical system (300) so as to include the first electric battery unit in the electrical system (200; 200a; 500); and· when the system short-circuit is maintained, removing (106) the local shortcircuit of the first electric battery unit (200; 200a; 500), whereupon the first electric battery unit (200; 200a; 500) is short-circuited by the system short-circuit of the electrical system (300).The method may be performed as a part of an electrical system installation procedure in for example a hybrid or electric vehicle and allows the one or more electric battery units to be connected to the electrical system in a safe way.

Description

lO A METHOD FOR CONNECTING ONE OR MORE ELECTRIC BATTERY UNITS TOAN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Technical fieldAspects of the present invention relate to a method for connecting one or more electricbattery units to an electrical system.
Background An electric battery cell can be seen as a container chemically storing energy. Theelectric battery cells may come in various forms and shapes. The electric battery cellsmay be connected in series and in parallel, into an electric battery arrangement, whichmay be called an electric battery pack, in order to attain the desired voltage and energycapacity. A conventional electric battery pack may be the complete enclosure or unitthat delivers electric power to a product or equipment, for example an electrical vehicleor a hybrid vehicle. When used in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, the electricbattery pack may be connected to a vehicle electrical system of the vehicle, which maybe called a vehicle high voltage system (VCB). The vehicle electrical system transferselectric power or electric current between various electrical apparatuses or units included in the hybrid vehicle or the electric vehicle.
Summary Great care must be observed when connecting battery packs to electrical systems toavoid electrical hazard, especially in high voltage systems such as for example vehiclehigh voltage systems (VCBs). Conventionally, the voltage in the VCB and/or batterypack has been measured before connecting the battery pack to the VCB orfinger proofconnectors have been used to protect the person installing the battery pack. Theinventors of the present invention have found drawbacks in the use of conventionalmethods which requires high electrical competence when connecting the battery packto the electrical system, for example during vehicle manufacturing.
An object of embodiments of the invention is to provide a solution which mitigates orsolves drawbacks and problems of conventional solutions. lO The above and further objects are solved by the subject matter of the independentclaim. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the above mentioned and other objects areachieved with a method for connecting one or more electric battery units to an electricalsystem, the electric battery unit having two terminals, wherein the method comprises: o maintaining a system short-circuit which short-circuits the electrical system; o when the system short-circuit is maintained, electrically connecting a firstelectric battery unit, which is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, to theelectrical system so as to include the first electric battery unit in the electricalsystem; and o when the system short-circuit is maintained, removing the local short-circuit ofthe first electric battery unit, whereupon the first electric battery unit is short-circuited by the system short-circuit of the electrical system.
An advantage of the method according to the first aspect is that it allows electric batteryunits to be safely connected to an electrical system, for example during an installationprocedure. The local short-circuit together with the system short-circuit ensures thatthe electrical hazard is minimized during the connection. Thus, electric battery unitscan be safely connected to an electrical system even by laymen with no or lowelectrical competence. The method is especially advantageous when used to connecthigh voltage battery units to vehicle high voltage system (VCBs) where the electricpower, or the electric current, is transferred at a high voltage, for example above 60 V,such as above 400 V. The electric power, or the electric current, of the vehicle highvoltage system (VCB) may be transferred at a voltage up to 1500 V. Furthermore, themethod allows the one or more electric battery units to be connected to the electricalsystem without any voltage measurement or other precautions. The installation time of the one or more electric battery units can thereby be reduced.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect, the method comprises: lO o receiving the first electric battery unit already locally short-circuited by the localshort-circuit.An advantage of this embodiment is that the first electric battery unit can be safely handled already from delivery and the risk of exposure to live wires is minimized.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises: o locally short-circuiting the first electric battery unit so as to establish the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit.
An advantage of this embodiment is that it allows first electric battery units not locallyshort-circuited when delivered to be handled in a safe way. Thereby, increasing theflexibility of the method.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of electrically connecting the first electric battery unit comprises electricallyconnecting a first electric battery unit which comprises two terminals which are short-circuited by the local short-circuit. An advantage of this embodiment is that short-circuiting of the first electric battery unit can be achieved in a simple and straight- forvvard way.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o receiving the first electric battery unit with the two terminals already locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o locally short-circuiting the two terminals of the first electric battery unit so as toestablish the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect, the step of removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit is performed lO by removing an electrically conductive member, which when applied is short-circuitingthe two terminals of the first electric battery unit. An advantage of this embodiment isthat short-circuiting of the first electric battery unit can be removed in a simple andstraight-forvvard way. Alternatively, the step of removing the local short-circuit may beperformed in other manners. For example, the step of removing the local short-circuitmay be performed by changing a setting of a switch, for example an internal switch, ofthe first electric battery unit without any physical removal of any electrically conductivemember from the first electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the electrically conductivemember is external to the first electric battery unit when the electrically conductivemember is applied to the first electric battery unit. ln alternative embodiments, theelectrically conductive member may be internal in relation to the first electric battery unit when the electrically conductive member is applied to the first electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the connection of the first electric battery unit is part of an electrical system installationprocedure, and wherein the removal of the local short-circuit of the first electric batteryunit is performed during the electrical system installation procedure. An advantage ofthis embodiment is an improved electrical system installation procedure which is safeand which reduces the installation time.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of electrically connecting the first electric battery unit, which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, to the electrical system is performed before the stepof removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit. An advantage of thisembodiment is that the first electric battery unit is maintained short-circuited during theprocedure, i.e. there is no point in time when the first battery unit is not short-circuited.The electrical hazard during the procedure is thereby minimized.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit, which islocally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, is performed before the step of lO electrically connecting the first electric battery unit to the electrical system. Anadvantage of this embodiment is that it allows the local short-circuit to be establishedor applied to the same terminals of the first electric battery unit which are then used toconnect the first electric battery unit to the electrical system. Thereby, increasing the flexibility of the method.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises: o when the system short-circuit is maintained, and after to the step of electricallyconnecting the first electric battery unit to the electrical system and after thestep of removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit, electricallyconnecting a further electric battery unit, which is locally short-circuited by alocal short-circuit, to the electrical system so as to include the further electricbattery unit in the electrical system; and o when the system short-circuit is maintained, and after to the step of electricallyconnecting the first electric battery unit to the electrical system and after thestep of removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit, removingthe local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit, whereupon the furtherelectric battery unit is short-circuited by the system short-circuit of the electricalsystem.
An advantage of this embodiment is that more than one electric battery unit can beconnected to the electrical system, thereby increasing the flexibility of the method. Theembodiments for connecting one or more further electric battery unit, described below,correspond to the previously described embodiments for connecting the first electricbattery unit and hence brings the same advantages as the correspondingembodiments for the first electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o receiving the further electric battery unit already locally short-circuited by thelocal short-circuit. lO According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o locally short-circuiting the further electric battery unit so as to establish the localshort-circuit of the further electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of electrically connecting the further electric battery unit comprises electricallyconnecting a further electric battery unit which comprises two terminals which areshort-circuited by the local short-circuit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o receiving the further electric battery unit with the two terminals already locallyshort-circuited by the local short-circuit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises:o locally short-circuiting the two terminals of the further electric battery unit so asto establish the local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of removing the local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit isperformed by removing an electrically conductive member, which when applied isshort-circuiting the two terminals of the further electric battery unit. Alternatively, thestep of removing the local short-circuit may be performed in other manners. Forexample, the step of removing the local short-circuit may be performed by changing asetting of a switch, for example an internal switch, of the further electric battery unitwithout any physical removal of any electrically conductive member from the furtherelectric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the electrically conductive member, which when is short-circuiting the two terminals of the further electric battery lO unit, is external to the further electric battery unit when the electrically conductivemember is applied to the further electric battery unit. ln alternative embodiments, theelectrically conductive member may be internal in relation to the further electric batteryunit when the electrically conductive member is applied to the further electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the connection of the further electric battery unit is part of an electrical systeminstallation procedure, and wherein the removal of the local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit is performed during the electrical system installation procedure.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of electrically connecting the further electric battery unit, which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, to the electrical system is performed before the step of removing the local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of removing the local short-circuit of the further electric battery unit, which islocally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, is performed before the step ofelectrically connecting the further electric battery unit to the electrical system.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises removing the system short-circuit of the electrical system afterone or more of the steps of the following group of steps:o electrically connecting the first electric battery unit and removing the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit; ando electrically connecting the further electric battery unit and removing the localshort-circuit of the further electric battery unit.An advantage of this embodiment is that the system short-circuit of the electricalsystem is not removed before the first and/or further battery unit is/are connected andthe local short-circuit have been removed. The method thereby provides increased safety. lO According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of removing the system short-circuit is performed by removing a secondelectrically conductive member which when applied is short-circuiting the electricalsystem. An advantage of this embodiment is that short-circuiting of the electricalsystem can be removed in a simple and straight-fon/vard way ln alternativeembodiments, instead of removing the second electrically conductive member, thestep of removing the system short-circuit can include or involve changing a setting ofthe electrical system.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the step of removing the system short-circuit is performed when one or more of thesituations of the following group of situations is/are valid: o no galvanically exposed electrical conductor present in the electrical system; o a circuit breaker, which is included in and electrically connected to the electricalsystem and is switchable between an open position and a closed position, is inthe open position; o one or more contactors, the contactor being included in one or more of the firstand further electric battery units and switchable between an open position anda closed position, is/are in the open position; and o a component interrupts the electrical conductivity in the electrical system An advantage of this embodiment is that the system short-circuit of the electrical system is not removed before it has been verified that it is safe to do so.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the method comprises: o before maintaining the system short-circuit of the electrical system, short-circuiting the electrical system so as to establish the system short-circuit of theelectrical system.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the electrical system is safe at when theprocedure is started. Before short-circuiting the electrical system, it may be assuredthat no electric battery unit is electrically connected to the electrical system. lO Alternatively, or in additional thereto, before short-circuiting the electrical system, itmay be assured that an electric battery unit, which is electrically connected to theelectrical system and is included in the electrical system, is locally short-circuited by alocal short-circuit. Alternatively, or in additional thereto, before short-circuiting theelectrical system, it may be assured that one or more contactors of the electric batteryunit is/are open, i.e. in an open position for interrupting an electric current path in theelectric battery unit.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,the electrical system is a vehicle electrical system of a vehicle or a vehicle high voltagesystem of a vehicle. An advantage of this embodiment is that the method can be usedto safely connect one or more electric battery units to a vehicle electrical system or avehicle high voltage system.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the first aspect,one or more of the first and further electric battery units comprises/comprise any oneof the group of: o an electric battery, and o an electric battery pack.An advantage of this embodiment is that the method can be used to safely installdifferent types of electric battery units.The above-mentioned features and embodiments of method may be combined in vari- ous possible ways providing further advantageous embodiments.
Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the present inventionand further advantages with the embodiments of the present invention emerge from the detailed description hereinbelow.
Brief Description of the DrawingsEmbodiments of the invention will now be illustrated, for exemplary purposes, in moredetail by way of embodiments and with reference to the enclosed drawings, where similar references are used for similar parts, in which: lO lO Fig.1 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method according toembodiments of the invention;Figs. 2a-d schematically illustrate the steps of connecting a battery unit to an electrical system according to embodiments of the invention; Fig. 3 schematically illustrates an example of an electric battery unit; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an electric battery pack;and Fig. 5 schematically illustrates an example of a vehicle comprising a vehicle electrical system.
Detailed Description Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method 100 according to anembodiment of the invention. The method 100 may be performed to connect one ormore electric battery units to an electrical system, for example as a part of an electricalsystem installation procedure. The method 100 allows the one or more electric batteryunits to be connected to the electrical system in a safe way by minimizing the electrical hazard.
The one or more electric battery units may comprise one or more electric battery cellswhich may be arranged in one or more electric battery modules and may further bereferred to as an electrical battery or electric battery pack. Each electric battery unitmay be an electric battery unit such as the electrical battery unit 200 schematicallyillustrated in Fig. 3. ln embodiments, the electrical system is a vehicle electrical systemof a vehicle such as for example the vehicle electrical system 300 shown in Fig. 5,which may be referred to as a vehicle high voltage system. However, the method 100can also be used to connect other types of electric battery units to other types ofelectrical systems.
With reference to Fig. 1, the method 100 comprises maintaining 102 a system short-circuit which short-circuits the electrical system. The step of maintaining 102 thesystem short-circuit may comprise maintaining/keeping the electrical system short-circuited with a system short-circuit which has been previously established for the lO ll electrical system or applied to the electrical system. The electrical system may forexample be delivered with a system short-circuit or the system short-circuit may beestablished/applied in an optional step (not shown in Figs.) performed before the step102.
The system short-circuit may be provided with an electrically conductive member (e.g.a second electrically conductive member), which is short-circuiting at least parts of theelectrical system when established or applied. The electrically conductive member maycomprise or consist of a metal or metal alloy. Alternatively, the system short-circuit maybe provided by changing a setting of a switch comprised in the electrical system orcapable of controlling the current through the electrical system. An example of anelectrically conductive member used for short-circuiting the electrical system 300 isshown e.g. in Fig. 2a. ln the embodiment shown in Fig. 2a, the system short-circuitwhich short-circuits the electrical system 300 is applied to a component/part/circuit 310of the electrical system 300 and is an electrically conductive member 320 such as for example a wire/plate/bracket/shackle_ With reference to Fig. 1, the method 100 further comprises, when the system short-circuit is maintained, electrically connecting 104 an electric battery unit (e.g. a firstelectrical battery unit), which is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, to theelectrical system so as to include the electric battery unit in the electrical system. lngeneral, the electric battery unit comprises two terminals (shown e.g. in Fig. 3) and theelectric battery unit may be locally short-circuited by short-circuiting the two terminalswith the local short-circuit. Thus, the step of electrically connecting 104 the electricbattery unit may comprise electrically connecting an electric battery unit which comprises two terminals which are short-circuited by the local short-circuit. ln embodiments, the electrical connection of the electric battery unit is part of anelectrical system installation procedure. The step of electrically connecting 104 theelectric battery unit to the electrical system may hence be performed during aninstallation procedure for installing the electrical system. For example, during theinstallation of the electrical system in a product or equipment, such as an electrical vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. lO 12 The local short-circuit of the electric battery unit may be provided with an electricallyconductive member, which is short-circuiting the two terminals of the electric batteryunit when established or applied. The electrically conductive member may be externalto the electric battery unit when the electrically conductive member is applied to theelectric battery unit. ln alternative embodiments, the electrically conductive membermay be internal in relation to the electric battery unit when the electrically conductivemember is applied to the electric battery unit. The internal electrically conductivemember may, for example, be located behind a hatch when it is applied to the electricbattery unit. The electrically conductive member may be arranged to be releasableattached to electric battery unit and may comprise or consist of a metal or metal alloy.Alternatively, the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit may be provided bychanging a setting of a switch, for example an internal switch, of the electric batteryunit. An example of an electrically conductive member used for short-circuiting a firstbattery unit 200a is shown in Fig. 2a. ln the embodiment shown in Fig. 2a, the localshort-circuit which short-circuits the first battery unit 200a is an electrically conductivemember 220a such as for example a wire/plate/bracket/shackle applied to the twoterminal 214a, 216a of first battery unit 200a. The electrically conductive member maybe equipped with an electrically isolated grip or handle for an operator, or user, to gripin order to operate the electrically conductive member.
Furthermore, the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit may be established atdifferent stages, for example in connection with the manufacturing of the electricalbattery unit, upon delivery of the electrical battery unit, during the installation of theelectrical battery unit, etc. ln embodiments, the electric battery unit is obtained alreadylocally short-circuited. ln this case, the method 100 may comprise an optional receivingstep before the step of connecting 104 the electrical battery unit, in which the electricbattery unit is received already locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit. Thereceiving step may further comprise receiving the electric battery unit with the two terminals already locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit.
Alternatively, the electric battery unit may be locally short-circuited as part of themethod 100. The method 100 may hence in embodiments comprise a step of locally lO 13 short-circuiting the electric battery unit so as to establish the local short-circuit of theelectric battery unit. The step of locally short-circuiting the electric battery unit maycomprise locally short-circuiting the two terminals of the electric battery unit so as toestablish the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit .The step of locally short-circuiting the electric battery unit is, when present, performed before the step ofconnecting 104 the electrical battery unit.
The method 100 further comprises, when the system short-circuit is maintained,removing 106 the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit, whereupon the firstelectric battery unit is short-circuited by the system short-circuit of the electrical system.ln embodiments where the electrical connection of the electric battery unit is part of anelectrical system installation procedure, the removal of the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit is performed during the electrical system installation procedure. ln embodiments where the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit is provided withan electrically conductive member, the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit ofthe electric battery unit is performed by physically removing the electrically conductivemember. The step of removing 106 the local short-circuit may hence be performed byphysically removing an item that is short-circuiting the two terminals of the electricbattery unit. Alternatively, the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit may beperformed by changing a setting of a switch, for example an internal switch, of theelectric battery unit without any physical removal of any electrically conductive memberfrom the electric battery unit. ln the flow chart shown in Fig. 1, the step of electrically connecting 104 the electricbattery unit, which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, to the electricalsystem is performed before the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit of theelectric battery unit. The electric battery unit may hence after being connected andbefore the local short-circuit is being removed be short-circuited by both the local short-circuit and the system short-circuit and after the local short-circuit has been removed short-circuited by the system short-circuit. lO 14 However, in embodiments the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit of the electricbattery unit, which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, may instead beperformed before the step of electrically connecting 104 the electric battery unit to theelectrical system. The steps of the method 100 will then be performed in the orderindicated by the dashed arrows in Fig. 1. The step of removing 106 may for examplebe performed before the step of electrically connecting 104 when the two terminals ofthe electric battery unit are used for both the local short-circuit and connecting theelectric battery unit to the electrical system. When the local short-circuit of the electricbattery unit is removed before connecting the electric battery unit to the electricalsystem, the electrical battery unit is not short-circuited during the time between the twosteps. Once connected to the electrical system, the electric battery unit is short-circuited by the system short-circuit. Thus, the electric battery unit is short-circuited bythe system short-circuit of the electrical system upon the electrical connection of theelectric battery unit or upon the removal of the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit.
The method 100 may be used to connect more than one electric battery unit to theelectrical system. ln this case, the step of electrically connecting 104 an electric batteryunit and the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit maybe repeated for a further electrical battery unit (e.g. a second electrical battery unit, athird electrical unit, etc.), while maintaining the system short-circuit. When the steps ofthe method 100 are performed in the order shown in Fig. 1, this means that after thestep of electrically connecting 104 the electric battery unit which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit and after the step of removing 106 the local short-circuit of the electric battery unit have been performed, the method 100 goes back tostep 104, as indicated by the arrow from step 106 to step 104, and performs step 104and 106 for a further electric battery unit. Thus, while the system short-circuit ismaintained, a further electric battery unit, which is locally short-circuited by a localshort-circuit, is electrically connected to the electrical system in step 104 so as toinclude the further electric battery unit in the electrical system. Furthermore, the localshort-circuit of the further electric battery unit is removed in step 106, whereupon thefurther electric battery unit is short-circuited by the system short-circuit of the electricalsystem. lO With reference to Fig. 1, the method 100 may further comprise removing 108 thesystem short-circuit of the electrical system after electrically connecting the one ormore electric battery units and removing the local short-circuit of the one or moreelectric battery units. The removing 108 the system short-circuit may be excluded andperformed at a later stage. ln embodiments where the system short-circuit is anelectrically conductive member (e.g. a second electrically conductive member), thestep of removing 108 the system short-circuit may be performed by physically removingthe electrically conductive member which when applied is short-circuiting the electricalsystem. Alternatively, the system short-circuit may be removed by changing a settingof a switch comprised in the electrical system or capable of controlling the currentthrough the electrical system The system short-circuit may be removed when it is determined that it is safe to removethe system short-circuit, for example when the installation of the electrical system iscompleted and there is not live wires in the electrical system. The step of removing 108the system short-circuit may be performed when one or more of the situations of thefollowing group of situations is/are valid:o no galvanically exposed electrical conductor is present in the electrical system;o a circuit breaker, which is included in and electrically connected to the electricalsystem and is switchable between an open position and a closed position, is inthe open position.o one or more contactors, the contactor being included in one or more of theelectric battery units and switchable between an open position and a closedposition, is/are in the open position; and o a component interrupts the electrical conductivity in the electrical system. ln general, the electric battery or electric battery pack is provided with the one andmore contactors. When each of the contactors and the circuit breaker is in the closedposition, each of the contactors and the circuit breaker is configured to conduct anelectric current or allow an electric current to pass. When each of the contactors and the circuit breaker is in the open position, each of the contactors and the circuit breaker lO 16 is configured to prevent/stop an electric current such that no electric current can passthrough the contactor or circuit breaker.
Figs. 2a-d schematically illustrates the steps of connecting a first battery unit 200a anda second battery unit 200b to an electrical system 300 according to embodiments ofthe invention. Fig. 2a shows the first and second battery units 200a, 200b disconnectedfrom the electrical system 300, i.e. the situation before the first and second batteryunits 200a, 200b are connected to the electrical system 300.
With reference to Fig. 2a, the first and second battery units 200a, 200b are locallyshort-circuited by a respective local short-circuit 220a, 220b and the electrical systemis short-circuited by a system short-circuit 320 established or applied to a component310 of the electrical system 300. The local short-circuits 220a, 220b and the systemshort-circuit 320 are in Fig. 2 illustrated as electrically conductive members whichprovides a short-circuit between two terminals of the first and second battery units200a, 200b and the component 310, respectively, but are as previously described notlimited thereto. ln Fig. 2b, the first battery unit 200a has been connected to the electrical system 300and the local short-circuit 220a has been removed. ln other words, the steps ofelectrically connecting 104 and removing 106 have been performed for the first batteryunit 200a. The local short-circuit 220a may be removed either before or after the firstbattery unit 200a has been electrically connected to the electrical system 300. ln eithercase, the local short-circuit 220a may be removed in conjunction with the connectionto the electrical system 300, i.e. within a short time window. ln the shown embodiment,the local short-circuit 220a is connected to the two terminal 214a, 216a of the firstbattery unit 200a which are also used for electrical connection to the electrical system300. ln this case, the local short-circuit 220a may be removed before the electricalconnection to the electrical system 300 to make the two terminals 214a, 216a availablefor electrical connection to the electrical system 300. The local short-circuit 220a maythen be removed shortly before electrically connecting the first battery unit 200a to theelectrical system 300 to minimize the time during which the first battery unit 200a is not short-circuited. lO 17 ln Fig. 2c, the second battery unit 200b has also been electrically connected to theelectrical system 300 and the local short-circuit 220b has been removed. ln otherwords, the steps of electrically connecting 104 and removing 106 have been performedalso for the second battery unit 200b. The electrical system 300 is still short-circuitedby the system short-circuit 320, i.e. the system short-circuit 320 is maintained.
Fig. 2d shows the situation when the electrical system is installed and it has beendetermined that it is safe to remove the system short-circuit 320. The full installationmay for example have been completed and there are no galvanically exposed electricalconductor present in the electrical system 300 and/or optionally a circuit breaker 330may have been connected to the electrical system and is in an open position. Hence,the system short-circuit 320 has been removed from the electrical system 300, asindicated in Fig. 2d.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates an example of an electrical battery unit 200 which canbe connected to an electrical system using the method 100 according to the invention.The electrical battery unit 200 may include one or more electric battery cells 202 whichmay be arranged in a module. Each electric battery cell 202 can be seen as a containerchemically storing energy and may be a rechargeable electric battery cell. Theelectrical battery cell 202 may for example be a Li-ion battery cell or a NiMH batterycell but are not limited thereto. The electric battery cells 202 may be electricallyconnected in series and in parallel, into the electric battery unit 200, which may becalled an electric battery pack, in order to attain the desired voltage and energycapacity. ln shown embodiment, the electric battery cells 202 are electrically connectedin series with one another and are part of a main power line 212. The electric batteryunit 200 or pack may form the complete enclosure or unit that delivers electric powerto a product or equipment, for example an electrical vehicle or a hybrid vehicle suchas the vehicle 400 shown in Fig. 5.
With reference to Figs. 3, the electric battery unit 200 includes a cell controller 206which is electrically connected in parallel with each electric battery cell 202 by way ofa plurality of electrical lines 208, for example electrical wires. The cell controller 206 lO 18 may be called a cell module controller (CMC). Each electric battery cell 202 mayinclude a cell fuse 210 for short-circuit protection. However, in some arrangements,the cell fuse 210 may be excluded from the electric battery cell 202. ln general, the electrical battery unit 200 has two terminals 214, 216 for connecting theelectrical battery unit 200 to an electrical system. The two terminals 214, 216 may bedisclosed as electrical contacts. One of the two terminals 214, 216 may be a negativeterminal having a negative pole, while the other one of the two terminals 214, 216 maybe a positive terminal having a positive pole.
The unit 200 illustrated in Fig. 3 may also represent an electric battery module 200included in an electric battery pack 500 schematically illustrated in Fig. 4, wherein theelectric battery pack 500 may represent the first electric battery unit and/or the furtherelectric battery unit. With reference to Fig. 4, the electric battery pack 500 maycomprise a plurality of electric battery modules 200 which may be electricallyconnected in series and have two common outputs 502, 504 (positive and negative)for electric power, or current, transfer. The electric battery pack 500 may have twoterminals 514, 516 (DC positive and DC negative) for electric power, or current,transfer, to be connected to the electrical system. The above-mentioned two commonoutputs 502, 504 are connected to the two terminals 514, 516 of the electric batterypack 500.
With reference to Fig. 4, as mentioned above, in general, the electric battery pack 500(and/or the electric battery unit 200) comprises one or more contactors 506 switchablebetween an open position and a closed position. As mentioned above, when thecontactor 506 is in the closed position, the contactor 506 is configured to conduct anelectric current or allow an electric current to pass. When the contactor 506 is in theopen position, the contactor 506 is configured to interrupt an electric current, or anelectrical conductivity, such that no electric current can pass through the contactor 506.ln general, the one or more contactors 506 of the electric battery pack 500 (and/orelectric batter unit 200) is/are controlled by a battery management system 508, BMS,which is a control system for controlling the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electricbattery unit 200). The battery management system 508 may be connected to and lO 19 communicate with the above-mentioned cell module controller, CMC, 206 of theelectric battery unit 200. The battery management system 508 may be configured todetermine and/or measure the voltage upstream (before) and downstream (after) ofthe one or more contactors 506, for example at voltage measurement points orlocations, for example by the aid of one or more sensors. ln general, when the batterymanagement system 508 is deactivated, or not turned on, which in general is the casebefore the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electric battery unit 200) is electricallyconnected to the electrical system, the contactor 506 cannot switch to the closedposition. Because of this, it is possible to short-circuit the electric battery pack 500 in a controlled manner, for example at a previous stage.
With reference to Fig. 4, in general, when the battery management system 508 isactivated or active, a pre-charging of an electrical system (such as the VCB) isessentially always performed before all contactors 506 are closed, for example withthe aid of a pre-charge contactor 510 switchable between an open position and aclosed position. The pre-charging procedure may include closing one of the contactors506, and subsequently closing the pre-charge contactor 510, whereupon pre-chargingof the electrical system (for example pre-charging of capacitors of the electrical system)is performed. When the voltage downstream of the contactors 506 is determined to beessentially equal to the voltage upstream of the contactors 506 (for example adifference less than 10 V), the other one of the contactors 506 is closed and the pre-charge contactor 510 is opened. Now, the electric battery pack 500 is essentiallyelectrically connected to the electrical system (for example the VCB). Pre-charging ofa high voltage direct current system is known to the person skilled in the art and is thusnot discussed in further detail. More specifically for the embodiments disclosed herein,this pre-charging will fail if the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electric battery unit200) is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, because there will be a short-circuit downstream of the one or more contactors 506 (and because of the downstreamshort-circuit, the voltage will not increase when the pre-charge contactor 510 is closed),and one or more of the contactors 506 will therefore remain in the open position evenif the battery management system 508 is activated. lO With reference to Fig. 4, in general, the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electricbattery unit 200) comprises an electric battery pack fuse 512, or an electric batteryfuse, which, for example, may be a melt fuse, or a pyrotechnic fuse (or pyro fuse), forprotection. The pyrotechnic fuse is functional only when the battery managementsystem 508 is active. ln general, if the one or more contactors 506 are closed becausethe battery management system 508 is active, then the local-short circuit of the electricbattery pack 500 (and/or the electric battery unit 200) will make the electric batterypack fuse 512 (or the electric battery fuse) to interrupt the electric current path, or theelectrical conductivity, of the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electric battery unit200), for example by the melting of the electric battery pack fuse 512.
Thus, with reference to Fig. 4, when the electric battery pack 500 (and/or the electricbattery unit 200) is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, then it is basicallyassured that either the one or more contactors 506 is/are in the open position or theelectric battery pack fuse 512 (or electric battery fuse) has interrupted the electriccurrent path, or the electrical conductivity, for example melted, whereby the electriccurrent path, or the electrical conductivity, of the electric battery pack 500 (and/or theelectric battery unit 200) is interrupted. lt is to be understood that the electric batterypack 500 may include additional electrical components or equipment known to the person skilled in the art, such as sensors, but these are left out for illustrative purposes.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a vehicle electrical system 300 of a vehicle 400. ln Fig.5, the vehicle 400 is illustrated as a tractor vehicle. However, in other embodiments,the vehicle 400 may, for example, be a bus, a truck, or a car. Other types of vehiclesare also possible. The vehicle 400 may be an electric vehicle, EV, for example a hybridvehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, HEV, or a battery electric vehicle, BEV. lt is to beunderstood that the vehicle 400 may include further unites, components, such aselectrical and/or mechanical components, and apparatuses required for a vehicle 400,such as for an EV, HEV or BEV.
With reference to Fig. 5, the vehicle 400 may be a wheeled vehicle, i.e. a vehicle 400having wheels 462. Only the wheels 462 on the left-hand side of the vehicle 400 arevisible in Fig. 5. lt is to be understood that the vehicle 400 may have fewer or more lO 21 wheels than what is shown in Fig. 5. The vehicle 400 may comprise a powertrain 464,for example configured for one of an EV, HEV and BEV.
With reference to Fig. 5, the vehicle 400 comprises a vehicle electrical system 300.The vehicle electrical system 300 may be electrically connectable to one or moreelectric batteries, for example one or more electrical battery units 200. The vehicleelectrical system 300 may be a vehicle high voltage system (VCB) and may be referredto as a VCB. ln general, the electric power, or the electric current, of a vehicle highvoltage system is transferred at a high voltage, for example above 60 V, such as above400 V. Thus, when the vehicle electrical system 300 is a vehicle high voltage system(VCB), the vehicle electrical system 300 may be configured for a high voltage above60 V, for example above 400 V. The vehicle electrical system 300 may be configuredfor a high voltage up to 1500 V. The vehicle electrical system 300 may further be configured for direct current.
The present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments. lnstead, thepresent invention relates to, and encompasses all different embodiments being included within the scope of the appended independent claim.

Claims (17)

Claims
1. A method (100) for connecting one or more electric battery units (200; 500) toan electrical system (300), the electric battery unit (200; 500) having two terminals(214, 216; 514, 516), wherein the method comprises: o maintaining (102) a system short-circuit which short-circuits the electricalsystem (300); o when the system short-circuit is maintained, electrically connecting (104) a firstelectric battery unit (200, 200a; 500), which is locally short-circuited by a localshort-circuit, to the electrical system (300) so as to include the first electricbattery unit (200, 200a; 500) in the electrical system (300); and o when the system short-circuit is maintained, removing (106) the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500), whereupon the firstelectric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) is short-circuited by the system short-circuitof the electrical system (300).
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:o receiving the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) already locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of electrically connecting(104) the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) comprises electrically connecting afirst electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) which comprises two terminals (214, 216;514, 516) which are short-circuited by the local short-circuit.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises:o receiving the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) with the two terminals(214, 216; 514, 516) already locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit.
5. A method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step of removing (106) thelocal short-circuit of the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) is performed byremoving an electrically conductive member (220, 220a), which when applied is short- circuiting the two terminals (214, 216; 514, 516) of the first electric battery unit (200,200a; 500).
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the electrically conductive member(220, 220a) is external to the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) when theelectrically conductive member (220, 220a) is applied to the first electric battery unit(200, 200a; 500).
7. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the connection ofthe first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) is part of an electrical system installationprocedure, and wherein the removal of the local short-circuit of the first electric batteryunit (200, 200a; 500) is performed during the electrical system installation procedure.
8. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the step ofelectrically connecting (104) the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500), which islocally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, to the electrical system (300) isperformed before the step of removing (106) the local short-circuit of the first electricbattery unit (200, 200a; 500).
9. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the step ofremoving (106) the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500),which is locally short-circuited by the local short-circuit, is performed before the step ofelectrically connecting (104) the first electric battery unit to the electrical system (300).
10. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, wherein the methodcomprises:o when the system short-circuit is maintained, and after to the step of electricallyconnecting the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) to the electrical system(300) and after the step of removing the local short-circuit of the first electricbattery unit (200, 200a; 500), electrically connecting a further electric batteryunit, which is locally short-circuited by a local short-circuit, to the electricalsystem (300) so as to include the further electric battery unit in the electricalsystem (300); and when the system short-circuit is maintained, and after to the step of electricallyconnecting the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) to the electrical system(300) and after the step of removing the local short-circuit of the first electricbattery unit (200, 200a; 500), removing the local short-circuit of the furtherelectric battery unit, whereupon the further electric battery unit is short-circuitedby the system short-circuit of the electrical system (300).
11. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the method comprises removing the system short-circuit of the electrical system (300) after one or more of the steps of the following group of steps: electrically connecting the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500) andremoving the local short-circuit of the first electric battery unit (200, 200a; 500);and electrically connecting the further electric battery unit and removing the localshort-circuit of the further electric battery unit.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the step of removing the system short-circuit is performed by removing a second electrically conductive member which when applied is short-circuiting the electrical system (300).
13. A method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the step of removing the system short-circuit is performed when one or more of the situations of the following group of situations is/are valid: no galvanically exposed electrical conductor present in the electrical system(300); a circuit breaker, which is included in and electrically connected to the electricalsystem (300) and is switchable between an open position and a closed position,is in the open position; one or more contactors, the contactor being included in one or more of the firstand further electric battery units and switchable between an open position anda closed position, is/are in the open position; and a component interrupts the electrical conductivity in the electrical system (300)
14. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein the methodcomprises:o before maintaining the system short-circuit of the electrical system (300), short-circuiting the electrical system (300) so as to establish the system short-circuitof the electrical system (300).
15. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 14, wherein the electricalsystem (300) is a vehicle electrical system (300) of a vehicle (400).
16. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 15, wherein the electrical system (300) is a vehicle high voltage system (300) of a vehicle (400).
17. A method according to any one of the claims 1 to 16, wherein one or more ofthe first and further electric battery units comprises/comprise any one of the group of:o an electric battery; and o an electric battery pack (500).
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US18/010,524 US20230226930A1 (en) 2020-07-01 2021-06-24 A method for connecting one or more electric battery units to an electrical system
EP21832210.5A EP4175848A4 (en) 2020-07-01 2021-06-24 A method for connecting one or more electric battery units to an electrical system
CN202180039393.5A CN115803218A (en) 2020-07-01 2021-06-24 Method for connecting one or more battery cells to an electrical system
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