SE544100C2 - An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material - Google Patents

An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material

Info

Publication number
SE544100C2
SE544100C2 SE2051216A SE2051216A SE544100C2 SE 544100 C2 SE544100 C2 SE 544100C2 SE 2051216 A SE2051216 A SE 2051216A SE 2051216 A SE2051216 A SE 2051216A SE 544100 C2 SE544100 C2 SE 544100C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
extrusion
plastically deformable
channel section
rotating die
pultrusion device
Prior art date
Application number
SE2051216A
Other versions
SE2051216A1 (en
Inventor
J Mark Kragh
Original Assignee
Reliefed Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reliefed Ab filed Critical Reliefed Ab
Priority to SE2051216A priority Critical patent/SE544100C2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2021/078185 priority patent/WO2022084106A1/en
Priority to US18/032,362 priority patent/US20230382035A1/en
Priority to EP21794120.2A priority patent/EP4232216A1/en
Priority to CN202180071746.XA priority patent/CN116367937A/en
Priority to KR1020237017001A priority patent/KR20230091139A/en
Priority to JP2023524407A priority patent/JP2023550579A/en
Publication of SE2051216A1 publication Critical patent/SE2051216A1/en
Publication of SE544100C2 publication Critical patent/SE544100C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/14Making other products
    • B21C23/142Making profiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/44Compression means for making articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/46Rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02Dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/02Removing or drawing-off work
    • B21C35/023Work treatment directly following extrusion, e.g. further deformation or surface treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0011Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/35Extrusion nozzles or dies with rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911Cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/526Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/527Pulling means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/528Heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/44Compression means for making articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/46Rollers
    • B29C2043/461Rollers the rollers having specific surface features
    • B29C2043/463Rollers the rollers having specific surface features corrugated, patterned or embossed surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/44Compression means for making articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/46Rollers
    • B29C2043/461Rollers the rollers having specific surface features
    • B29C2043/465Rollers the rollers having specific surface features having one or more cavities, e.g. for forming distinct products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/34Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/30Drawing through a die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/001Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections
    • B29L2031/003Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections having a profiled transverse cross-section

Abstract

A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) made from a plastically deformable material and/or viscoplastic material in a production direction (Y), said device comprising:-a rotating die (3), extending in a radial (R) direction and a width direction (X), and -a profile definition zone (7) having a longitudinal direction (Y) coinciding with the production direction (Y) comprising a through channel (8) comprising a first channel section (9) followed by a second channel section (10) downstream the first channel section (9) with reference to the production direction,wherein the rotating die (3) is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction (Y) and arranged to allow an outer circumferential surface (4) to, while the rotating die (3) rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone (7).
SE2051216A 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material SE544100C2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE2051216A SE544100C2 (en) 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material
PCT/EP2021/078185 WO2022084106A1 (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
US18/032,362 US20230382035A1 (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
EP21794120.2A EP4232216A1 (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
CN202180071746.XA CN116367937A (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 Extrusion and/or pultrusion apparatus and method
KR1020237017001A KR20230091139A (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 Extrusion and/or drawing devices and methods
JP2023524407A JP2023550579A (en) 2020-10-20 2021-10-12 Extrusion and/or pultrusion devices and methods

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE2051216A SE544100C2 (en) 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE2051216A1 SE2051216A1 (en) 2021-12-21
SE544100C2 true SE544100C2 (en) 2021-12-21

Family

ID=78232340

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE2051216A SE544100C2 (en) 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method for forming plastically deformable and/or viscoplastic material

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20230382035A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4232216A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2023550579A (en)
KR (1) KR20230091139A (en)
CN (1) CN116367937A (en)
SE (1) SE544100C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2022084106A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE545779C2 (en) * 2021-08-31 2024-01-09 Reliefed Ab Energy storage device comprising an electrode product manufactured by an extrusion device and vehicle comprising the energy storage device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE504300C2 (en) * 1995-10-06 1996-12-23 Mark Lars Jansson Process for continuous production of profiles and apparatus for carrying out the process
EP1543938A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-06-22 Mikio Fukumura Foam forming die, and method of manufacturing foam formed product using the die
SE2051100A1 (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-07 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE2051101A1 (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-07 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543400C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543402C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543401C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0716643A (en) * 1993-07-05 1995-01-20 Toyo Kanetsu Kk Method and device for forming aluminum material
SE539862C2 (en) * 2015-07-04 2017-12-27 Arsizio Ab Device and method of extrusion with opposite rotating means

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE504300C2 (en) * 1995-10-06 1996-12-23 Mark Lars Jansson Process for continuous production of profiles and apparatus for carrying out the process
EP1543938A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-06-22 Mikio Fukumura Foam forming die, and method of manufacturing foam formed product using the die
SE2051100A1 (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-07 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE2051101A1 (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-07 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543400C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543402C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method
SE543401C2 (en) * 2019-05-06 2021-01-05 Reliefed Ab An extrusion and/or pultrusion device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4232216A1 (en) 2023-08-30
CN116367937A (en) 2023-06-30
JP2023550579A (en) 2023-12-04
KR20230091139A (en) 2023-06-22
US20230382035A1 (en) 2023-11-30
SE2051216A1 (en) 2021-12-21
WO2022084106A1 (en) 2022-04-28

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