SE542038C2 - Waste separation device and control system - Google Patents

Abstract

When sorting waste at source, quality is important for the waste to be recycled in the best way. It is common and often necessary to have common waste containers. The disadvantage, however, is that common waste containers mean that the sorting quality suffers. The reason is above all that the delivery is anonymous and that it is not possible to attribute the sorting quality to any particular household, person and / or company. Our invention solves the problem via a separation device mounted on the waste container or the space where the waste container is located. The device together with a control, monitoring and follow-up system makes it possible to separate and control waste from a specific deliverer. In other words, the invention is a way of distributing responsibility and finances to users of common waste solutions.

Description

Waste separation device and system Problem sorting Waste means that hazardous substances can be disposed of and that waste can be recycled and used as a resource. For primarily quality reasons, sorting at the source is preferable to post-sorting of mixed waste. However, source sorting with delivery in containers shared by several households, companies and / or persons is problematic because the sorting quality cannot be attributed to a specific household, company and / or person. Experience has shown that the difficulty of controlling and feedback leads to poorer sorting, which in turn makes it difficult or impossible to recycle and utilize resources from source-sorted waste. The problem is particularly evident in apartment buildings where many apartment households use common containers for their waste sorting. Unlike apartment buildings, single-family houses with their own source sorting containers have a high degree of sorting and a good sorting quality. A crucial difference between the forms of housing is that the concepts of property owners, waste holders, households and residents coincide with a single-family house. The responsibility for sorting is simply clearer and more personal than with apartment buildings.

State of the art There are a number of systems for regulating access to common waste containers. In its simplest form, the household, company and / or person is provided with a key to the collection hatch or lid of the waste container (or the lid, lid or door to the space where the container is located, such as a cupboard, rubbish bin and rubbish chute, etc.). In slightly more advanced systems, an electric lock is opened with an RFID tag, etc. In some cases, the access option is supplemented by weighing the delivered waste. The existing systems can at best state that a specific household, company and / or person has used the common waste container and in some cases also state how much waste has been delivered. Apart from manual monitoring, however, there is no developed system and / or device that can also check, ascertain and feedback a specific household, company and / or person's sorting quality when delivered in a common waste container.

List of figures Sketch 1 represents the separation device in design with a sloping throw-in box and a separation mechanism in the form of a trapdoor. Sketch 2 in design with vertical throw-in box separation mechanism in the form of a rocker door.

Our idea The problem described above can be remedied with a separation device which is combined with a control, monitoring and follow-up system (preferably a computer system) and a throw-in hatch (existing or newly designed) with a locking device. The separation device is mounted on a waste container or in a space for waste containers and it can, for example, be designed in a sloping or a vertical variant, which are adapted to existing or newly constructed waste containers and spaces. The purpose of the separation is above all to randomly, by chance or intention, separate delivered waste from a certain household, company and / or person, to a catch magazine for subsequent control and feedback to the deliverer and others.

The separating device has a separating mechanism in the form of, for example, a drop or rocker hatch (can also be designed as a damper or lock with, for example, wave function), which can be motor-driven, manually and / or mechanically driven via coupling to the throw-in hatch, special movement device and / or balanced and driven by the dead weight and force of the submitted waste and, where applicable, equipped with end positions and / or holding magnets (for example electromagnets of different design and type). For safety reasons, the functions of the throw-in hatch and the separating mechanism can be coordinated to avoid personal injury. Power supply to any electric motor and other equipment can take place via mains connection, battery and / or via solar cells that can be located in connection with containers or space for containers.

Authorized users open the door lock device directly or indirectly with existing or special "keys in the form of, for example, RFID, data chip, barcode, data matrix, NFC, code and / or biometrics, etc. A signal system in the form of light and / or sound signal or display can draw the user's attention to whether the reading has been successful or not. , a camera or the like in the separation device registers bypassed waste to determine whether the hatch opening has meant that waste has also been delivered.An additional photocell or the like may be placed in the mouth of the separation device for monitoring the degree of filling of the waste container. open the collection hatch in order to avoid overfilling, at the same time as one signal system alerts the user and another that the container is full and needs to be emptied. The monitoring data can also be used for other system functions as well as for alarm and statistical purposes.

Users whose waste is to be checked are separated into a catch reservoir which can be designed as an attached catch net or a pipe or box construction where separated waste for control from different waste suppliers is separated via overlay to enable coordinated and simultaneous control of a number of waste deliveries. The capture magazine can be equipped with a photocell, scale, camera or the like for monitoring the degree of filling. The monitoring data from the capture magazine can, for example, be used for various system functions as well as for alarm and statistics purposes.

The parts and functions of the separation device, the separation mechanism and the insertion door are controlled by a programmable control system (PLC) which communicates with the computer system and the locking device of the insertion door. The computer system contains a server application with system logic and intelligence and it communicates with the input device locking device and the separation device PLC via wireless and / or wired connection. The functions and logging of the separation device are designed in terms of data to function even in the event of a faulty or broken connection.

The computer system also includes a mobile application that communicates with the server application via wireless connection. The computer system can be Internet-based and contains relevant information about those who are given the opportunity to use a common container or a space for one. The person responsible and / or the user can, where applicable, register the information via web-based interfaces. Any authorization can be checked via programmatic reading of, for example, customer, population registration, company and apartment registers. The person in charge assigns access to the computer system according to an authorization system. Anyone who is given the opportunity to use the container in question or the space for the container may, where applicable, approve conditions for their use via a mandatory function in connection with their own registration. In connection with the registration, the user is assigned a unique identification and authorization to use the relevant container.

Households, companies and / or persons who do not wish, are not found to be authorized or do not meet the conditions for use (for example after one or more incorrect sortings) are prevented from opening the collection door via the system function. The handover and results from inspections can be registered and stored at the respective household, company and / or person and the information can be used for feedback to the deliverer, responsible for the waste container, other relevant persons and / or organizations as well as for statistical purposes and possible debiting. Feedback to handlers of sorted quantity and sorting quality can take place at individual or group level via signal system and / or display located at the drop-off door, e-mail, SMS, etc. Feedback can also take place at group level via display or stop in, for example, a staircase in an apartment building or other place that is deemed suitable.

The control personnel use the computer system via a web-based interface and / or mobile application to control the separation to include one or more specific households, companies and / or persons (for follow-up of someone who has previously sorted incorrectly or for control of a new user, etc.).

The control personnel can also choose to apply random separation according to the frequency selected in the computer system. Intentional and random separation can take place individually or together.

The content and communication of the control, monitoring and follow-up system can be encrypted.

Number references to the drawings 1. Box. Screw connections for attachment to waste containers and / or in space for waste containers. 3. Separation mechanism in the form of a drop or rocker door. 4. Drive unit for fall and rocker door.

. Storage box containing PLC, communication equipment, etc. 6. Photocell.

Claims (1)

Claim 1 Separation device for source sorting of waste with delivery in containers shared by several households, companies and / or persons. The separation device may further be provided with a scale for weighing the delivered waste and equipment for identifying the user. Characterized by the fact that the separation device is combined with an inlet hatch with electric locking device and a computerized control, monitoring and follow-up system (5) with a superior computer system, for control and feedback of specific waste suppliers' sorting quality when delivered in a common waste container, Separation device is on a waste container or in a waste container space and constructed in a sloping or vertical design. The separation device has a separation mechanism in the form of an electrically motor-driven (4) rocker cover (3) with end positions and electromagnetic holding magnets and a tubular catch magazine where separated waste is separated via superposition. The separation device further has a photocell (6) which registers bypassed waste to determine whether the hatch opening has meant that waste has also been delivered. Claim 2 Use of a separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that in connection with registration in the computer system, the waste dispenser is assigned a unique identification and authorization to use the waste container or space in question. The computer system is used to control the separation to one or more specific waste disposal sites. Authorized waste dispenser opens the door lock with a key in the form of RFID. Waste from specific waste handlers is separated to the capture reservoir, where overlay enables simultaneous and coordinated control of a number of waste deliveries. The deliveries and results from the inspections regarding sorted quantity and sorting quality are registered and stored in the computer system at the respective waste disposal site. The information is used for feedback to waste dispensers, responsible for waste containers and other relevant persons and organizations according to an authorization system, for possible debiting, to block a waste supplier's ability to open the collection door, for various system and alarm functions and for statistical purposes. The feedback takes place at individual or group level via notices, displays, e-mail and SMS. The separation device is adapted to and mounted (2) on existing or newly constructed waste containers and spaces and combined with an existing or newly constructed collection hatch.