SE541849C2 - A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object - Google Patents

A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object

Info

Publication number
SE541849C2
SE541849C2 SE1750322A SE1750322A SE541849C2 SE 541849 C2 SE541849 C2 SE 541849C2 SE 1750322 A SE1750322 A SE 1750322A SE 1750322 A SE1750322 A SE 1750322A SE 541849 C2 SE541849 C2 SE 541849C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
further object
coolant
cooling system
combustion engine
line
Prior art date
Application number
SE1750322A
Other versions
SE1750322A1 (en
Inventor
Mats Ekman
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Ab filed Critical Scania Cv Ab
Priority to SE1750322A priority Critical patent/SE541849C2/en
Priority to DE102018001829.7A priority patent/DE102018001829A1/en
Publication of SE1750322A1 publication Critical patent/SE1750322A1/en
Publication of SE541849C2 publication Critical patent/SE541849C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/164—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by varying pump speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/08—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/06—Retarder

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)

Description

A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART The present invention relates to a cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object according to the preamble of claim 1.
Heavy vehicles are often equipped with one or several supplementary brakes in order to reduce wear on the ordinary wheel brakes of the vehicle. Such a supplementary brake may be a hydraulic retarder. Oil is used as the working medium in one type of hydraulic retarder. When the vehicle is braked with the aid of the retarder, the oil undergoes rapid heating. The hot oil is led to a retarder cooler where it is cooled by coolant circulating in the cooling system of the vehicle. The cooled oil is subsequently returned to the retarder for further use. In another type of hydraulic retarder, coolant is used instead of oil as working medium in a retarder. In this case, the coolant receives direct heating in the retarder.
In a conventional cooling system the coolant flows through the combustion engine and the retarder in series. The coolant receives a pressure drop in the cooling system corresponding to the sum of the pressure drop in the combustion engine and the pressure drop in the retarder. These pressure drops results in that the coolant pump has to provide a high pumping work for circulation of the coolant through the cooling system. The high pumping work of the coolant pump increases the fuel consumption of the vehicle.
US 4, 430, 966 shows a cooling system cooling a combustion engine and an electric retarder. The cooling system comprises an auxiliary circuit section adapted to remove heat coming from the retarder. A pipe element is arranged in parallel with the auxiliary circuit section. An electro-magnetic thermostat is adapted to bring the auxiliary circuit section or the pipe element into circuit depending on whether the retarder is energized or whether the temperature of the liquid in the radiator exceeds a certain threshold.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a cooling system cooling a combustion engine and a further object which comprises a coolant pump providing a lower pumping work than a cooling pump in conventional corresponding cooling system.
The above mentioned object is achieved by the cooling system according to claim 1. The cooling system comprises a further object line leading coolant from the combustion engine to the further object and a further object bypass line leading coolant past the further object. The further object bypass line comprises a valve member by which it is possible to control the coolant flow through the further object bypass line. The coolant receives a considerably higher flow resistance when it circulates through the further object line than it circulates through the further object bypass line. Thus, it requires a lower pumping work to circulate coolant through the further object bypass line than through the further object line. According to the invention, the control unit put the coolant pump in a low speed mode when the valve member is in an open position and a high speed mode when the valve member is in a closed position.
Consequently, the cooling system makes it possible to circulate the coolant through the further object bypass line with lower pump speed and save pump energy during operating conditions when the further object does not need to be cooled. The coolant pump may work with a constant speed in the low speed mode and a higher constant speed in the high speed mode. Alternatively, the pump speed may vary during different operating conditions in the two speed modes in view of the actual cooling demand of the combustion engine and the further object. Thus, it is possible that the coolant pump has a relatively high speed in the low speed mode during operating conditions when the combustion engine works with a high load. However, the pump speed in the low speed mode is generally lower than the pump speed in the high speed mode depending on the above mentioned difference in flow resistance between the further object line and the further object bypass line. The further object may be an arbitrary component to be cooled or cooler in which an arbitrary fluid is cooled.
According to the invention, the control unit is configured to receive information indicating the cooling demand of the further object, to set the valve member in the open position and put the coolant pump in the low speed mode when the cooling demand is lower than a predetermined cooling effect and to set the valve member in the closed position and put the coolant pump in the high speed mode when the cooling demand exceeds said predetermined cooling effect. Consequently, the coolant pump is automatically put in the low speed mode when the cooling demand of the further object is lower than a predetermined cooling effect and in the high speed mode when the cooling demand of the further object is higher than a predetermined cooling effect.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the control unit is configured to receive information from a temperature sensor indicating the temperature of the coolant in the further object line in a position downstream of the further object. In case the coolant temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, it is an indication that the further object needs to be cooled or cooled with a higher cooling effect.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the further object is an intermittently activated object. When such objects are activated, it is important that the coolant flow substantially immediately is directed to the further object line such that the further object receives a required cooling. The control unit may be configured to receive information indicating when the further object is activated. In this case, the control unit may put the coolant pump to the high speed mode as soon as the further object has been activated. Alternatively, the control unit may put the coolant pump to the high speed mode as soon as the further object has been activated and when the coolant temperature in a downstream position of the further object has risen to a temperature which is higher than a predetermined temperature. The further object may be a hydraulic retarder. It is usual to cool a combustion engine and a hydraulic retarder by a common cooling system.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion engine comprises a collecting channel designed to collect the coolant when it has cooled the combustion engine and direct it to the further object bypass line at a front portion of the combustion engine and to the further object line at a rear portion of the combustion engine. Such a collecting channel may receive the coolant when it has cooled the cylinder head and the cylinder block of the combustion engine. The collecting channel has an extension between the front portion and the rear portion of the combustion engine. The front portion is located closer to a front portion of the vehicle than the rear portion. The radiator of the cooling system is arranged just in front of the front portion of the combustion engine and a further object in the form of a hydraulic retarder is arranged just behind the rear portion of the combustion engine. The valve member may be attached to the front portion of the combustion engine. There is lack of free spaces in the engine compartment but it is usually possible to attach the valve member to the front portion of the combustion engine.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the coolant pump is an electric pump. It is possible to control the speed of a coolant pump driven by an electric motor in a relatively simple manner. Alternatively, the coolant pump may be a viscous pump. In any event, it is less efficient to use a conventional coolant pump which is driven with a speed which is related to the speed of the combustion engine.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the valve member is a two way valve settable in two positions namely in an open position and a closed position. When the two way valve is set in the closed position, the entire coolant flow from the combustion engine is directed to the further object line such that the further object obtains an optimal cooling. An alternative valve member may be settable in a closed position and at least two open positions allowing two different coolant flow through the further object bypass line. Such a valve member makes it possible to distribute the coolant flow between the further object line and the further object bypass line in an adjustable manner in view of the cooling demand of the further object.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the cooling system is designed, when the valve member is in an open position, to direct a main part of the coolant flow from the combustion engine to the further object bypass line and a smaller remaining part of the coolant flow through the further object line. When the valve member is in an open position, the coolant flow from the combustion engine is distributed between said lines in dependence of their flow resistances. Since the flow resistance through the further object line is significantly higher than the flow resistance through the further object bypass line, the main part of the coolant flow will be directed to the further object line when the valve member is in an open position.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the further object bypass line is shorter than the further object line. It is usually possible to give the further object bypass line a significantly shorter extension than the further object line. Thus, the flow distance of the coolant in the cooling system will be shorter when the valve member is in an open position and the coolant flows through the further object bypass line instead of through the further object line. The shorter flow distance of the coolant results in a faster heating of the coolant to a desired operating temperature after a cold start.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the following a preferred embodiment of the invention is described, as an example, with reference to the attached drawing, in which: Fig. 1 shows a cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a cooling system in a vehicle 1. The cooling system is configured to cool a combustion engine 2 and a further object which may be activated intermittently. The further object is exemplified as a hydraulic retarder 3 using coolant as working medium. Alternatively, a working medium in the form of an oil may be used in the hydraulic retarder. In such a case, the coolant cools the oil in a retarder cooler. The cooling system comprises a circulating coolant which is cooled in a radiator 4 at a front portion of the vehicle 1. A radiator fan 5 and ram air provide a cooling air stream through the radiator 4. The coolant is circulated through the cooling system by means of a coolant pump 6. The coolant pump 6 is arranged in an engine inlet line 7 leading coolant to the combustion engine 2. The coolant entering the combustion engine 2 is initially used to cool engine oil in an engine oil cooler 8 and gearbox oil in a gearbox oil cooler 9. The coolant leaving the engine oil cooler 8 and the gearbox oil cooler 9 circulates through coolant channels 2a directing the coolant to a cylinder head 2b and a cylinder block 2c of the combustion engine 2. The coolant leaving the cylinder block 2c is collected in collecting channel 2d. The collecting channel 2d directs the coolant to an initial part of the retarder bypass line 3b at a front portion 2e of the combustion engine 2 and to an initial part of the retarder line 3 a at a rear portion 2f of the combustion engine 2. The retarder line 3a leads the coolant, via the retarder 3, to a thermostat 10. The retarder pass line 3b leads the coolant, via a two way valve 11, to a thermostat 10.
Thus, the thermostat 10 receives coolant from the retarder line 3 a and the retarder bypass line 3b. The thermostat 10 directs the coolant to a radiator bypass line 4b when the coolant has a lower temperature than a regulating temperature of the thermostat 10 and to a radiator line 4a and the radiator 4 when the coolant has a higher temperature than a regulating temperature of the thermostat 10. The radiator bypass line 4b leads the coolant to the engine inlet line 7. The radiator line 4b leads coolant which has been cooled in the radiator 4 to the engine inlet line 7. A control unit 12 controls the speed of the coolant pump 6. The coolant pump 6 may be an electric pump or a viscous pump. The control unit 12 also controls the two way valve 11. The control unit 12 controls the speed of the coolant pump 6 and the two way valve 11 by means of information about a number of operating parameters. In this case, the control unit 12 receives information 13 related to the operation of combustion engine 2, information 14 indicating when the hydraulic retarder 3 is in operation and information from a temperature sensor 15 about the temperature of the coolant in the retarder line 3a in a position downstream of the retarder 3.
As soon as the control unit 12 receives information 13 indicating that the combustion engine 2 is in operation, it starts the coolant pump 6 such that coolant circulates through the cooling system. In case the hydraulic retarder 3 receives information 14 indicating that the hydraulic retarder is not in operation, the control unit 12 set the two way valve 11 in an open position and put the coolant pump 6 in a low speed mode. Since the flow resistance in the retarder bypass line 3b is much lower than the flow resistance in the retarder line 3 a, the main part of the coolant flow leaving the collection line 2d in the combustion engine 2 is directed to the retarder bypass line 3b. However, a smaller part of the coolant flow is directed from the collection line 2d to the retarder line 3 a. Since the main part of the coolant flows through the retarder bypass line 3b having the lower flow resistance, the pressure drop in the cooling system is relatively small. Consequently, it is possible to circulate the coolant by the coolant pump 6 in the low speed mode and with a relatively low power consumption.
When the control unit 12 receives information 14 indicating that the hydraulic retarder 3 is in operation, it also receives information from the temperature sensor 15 about the temperature of the coolant leaving the hydraulic retarder 3. As long as the coolant temperature is below a predetermined temperature, the control unit 12 maintains the two way valve 11 in an open position. In case the activation of the hydraulic retarder 3 is very short or if the cooling demand is very low, a small coolant flow through retarder line and the hydraulic retarder may be enough to cool the hydraulic retarder 3 in a satisfactory manner. In this case, the control unit 12 maintains the coolant pump 6 in the low speed mode in order to save pump energy.
However, as soon as the control unit 12 receives information 14 indicating that the hydraulic retarder 3 is in operation and the temperature of the coolant in the downstream position of the retarder exceeds the predetermined temperature, the control unit 12 sets the two way valve 11 in a closed position. Furthermore, the control unit 16 put the coolant pump in the high speed mode. In this case, the entire coolant flow is led through the hydraulic retarder 3 such that it obtains an optimal cooling. In this embodiment, the two way valve 11 is settable in two positions namely in a fully open position and in a closed position. However, it is possible to use a valve member that is set in a more or less open position in order to distribute a variable coolant flow to the retarder line and provide an adjustable cooling of the hydraulic retarder 3.
The combustion engine 2 comprises a front portion 2e located closer to the radiator 4 than a rear portion 2f. The engine inlet line 7 leads coolant to an inlet in the front portion 2e of the combustion engine 2. The retarder line 3 a receives coolant from the collecting line 2d at the rear portion 2f of the combustion engine 2. The retarder bypass line receives coolant from the collecting line 2d at the front portion 2e of the combustion engine 2. The two way valve 11 is attached at the front portion 2e of the combustion engine 2. Since the thermostat 10 is arranged closer to the front portion 2e of the combustion engine 2 than to the rear portion 2f of the combustion engine 2, the retarder bypass line 3b may be given a significantly shorter design than the retarder line 3a.
The invention is not restricted to the described embodiment but may be varied freely within the scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

1. Cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine (2) and further object (3), wherein the cooling system comprises a coolant pump (6) configured to circulate a coolant through the cooling system, a radiator (4) in which the coolant is cooled, a thermostat (10) configured to direct coolant to the radiator (4) or a radiator bypass line (4b), an engine inlet line (7) configured to lead coolant to the combustion engine (2) from the radiator (4) and the radiator bypass line (4b), a further object line (3a) configured to receive coolant from the combustion engine (2) and lead it, via the further object (3), to the thermostat (10) and a further object bypass line (3b) configured to receive coolant from the combustion engine (2) and lead it to the thermostat (10), a valve member (11) comprised in the further object bypass line (3b) which is settable in an open position in which it allows a coolant flow through the further object bypass line (3b) and in a closed position in which it prevents a coolant flow through the further object bypass line (3b) and a control unit (12) configured to control the valve member (11), characterized in that the control unit (16) is configured to receive information (14, 15) indicating the cooling demand of the further object (3), to set the valve member (11) in the open position and put the coolant pump (6) in a low speed mode when the cooling demand is lower than a predetermined cooling effect, and to set the valve member (11) in the closed position and put the coolant pump (6) in a high speed mode when the cooling demand exceeds said predetermined cooling effect.
2. Cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (16) is configured to receive information (15) from a temperature sensor (15) about the temperature of the coolant in the further object line (3a) in a position downstream of the further object (3).
3. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further object is an intermittently activated object (3).
4. Cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit (16) is configured to receive information (14) indicating when the further object (3) is activated.
5. Cooling system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the further object is a hydraulic retarder (3).
6. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combustion engine (2) comprises an collecting channel (2d) designed to collect the coolant when it has cooled the combustion engine (2) and to direct the coolant to the further object bypass line (3b) at a front portion (2e) of the combustion engine (2) and to the further object line (3a) at a rear portion (2f) of the combustion engine (2).
7. Cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that the valve member (11) is attached to the front portion (2e) of the combustion engine (2).
8. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant pump (6) is an electric pump.
9. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coolant pump (6) is a viscous pump.
10. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve member (11) is a two way valve settable in two positions namely in an open position and a closed position.
11. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the valve member (11) is settable in a closed position and at least two open positions in which it allows two different coolant flow through the further object bypass line (3b).
12. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling system is designed, when the valve member (11) is in an open position, to direct a main part of the coolant flow from the combustion engine (2) to the further object bypass line (3b) and a smaller remaining part of the coolant flow through the further object line (3a).
13. Cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further object bypass line (3b) is shorter than the further object line (3a).
14. A vehicle comprising a cooling system according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13.
SE1750322A 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object SE541849C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1750322A SE541849C2 (en) 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object
DE102018001829.7A DE102018001829A1 (en) 2017-03-17 2018-03-07 COOLING SYSTEM FOR COOLING A COMBUSTION ENGINE AND ANOTHER OBJECT

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1750322A SE541849C2 (en) 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE1750322A1 SE1750322A1 (en) 2018-09-18
SE541849C2 true SE541849C2 (en) 2019-12-27

Family

ID=63372548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE1750322A SE541849C2 (en) 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 A cooling system for cooling of a combustion engine and further object

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018001829A1 (en)
SE (1) SE541849C2 (en)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2502694B1 (en) 1981-03-24 1987-06-05 Labavia IMPROVEMENTS TO THERMAL REGULATION CIRCUITS OF VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AN ELECTRIC RETARDER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE1750322A1 (en) 2018-09-18
DE102018001829A1 (en) 2018-09-20

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