SE538090C2 - Rock drilling machine and rock drilling procedure - Google Patents
Rock drilling machine and rock drilling procedure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SE538090C2 SE538090C2 SE1450188A SE1450188A SE538090C2 SE 538090 C2 SE538090 C2 SE 538090C2 SE 1450188 A SE1450188 A SE 1450188A SE 1450188 A SE1450188 A SE 1450188A SE 538090 C2 SE538090 C2 SE 538090C2
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- Prior art keywords
- rock drilling
- piston
- drilling machine
- force
- rock
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterized by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
- E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
- E21B1/38—Hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D9/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a built-in liquid motor, i.e. the tool being driven by hydraulic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
- B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
- B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
- B25D9/20—Valve arrangements therefor involving a tubular-type slide valve
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
- B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
- E21B1/02—Surface drives for drop hammers or percussion drilling, e.g. with a cable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
- E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterized by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
- E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2209/00—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D2209/005—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously having a tubular-slide valve, which is coaxial with the piston
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
- B25D2217/0023—Pistons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/195—Regulation means
Abstract
SAMMANDRAG: En bergborrmaskin (2) inrattad far att i en avverkningsriktning (R) intermittent alstra stotvAgspulser for overforing via en borrstrang (3) till en bergavverkande borrkrona (6). Bergborrmaskinen innefattar en kraftansattningsenhet (8), vilken ár anordnad att periodiskt bibringa borrstrangen (3) en ansAttningskraft i namnda avverkningsriktning, och en styrenhet (11), vilken Ar anordnad att aktivera kraftansAttningsenheten att initiera namnda ansattningskraft infOr en tidpunkt far alstrandet av Atminstone ett urval av nAmnda stotvAgspulser far att tillforsAkra forbAttrad bergkontakt hos borrkronan (6) dA denna utovar ett slag. Uppfinningen avser ¥ ett forfarande och en bergborrigg. SUMMARY: A rock drilling machine (2) designed to intermittently generate shock wave pulses in a felling direction (R) for transmission via a drill string (3) to a rock-cutting drill bit (6). The rock drilling machine comprises a force application unit (8), which is arranged to periodically impart to the drill string (3) an application force in said felling direction, and a control unit (11), which is arranged to activate the force application unit to initiate said application force before a time of at least one generation. of the aforementioned thrust wave pulses must ensure improved rock contact with the drill bit (6) when it exerts a blow. The invention relates to a method and a rock drilling rig.
Description
BERGBORRMASKIN OCH FORFARANDE FOR BERGBORRNING UPPFINNINGENS OMRADE Uppfinningen avser en bergborrmaskin inrattad for att i en avverkningsriktning intermittent alstra stotvagspulser for overfOring via en borrstrang till en bergavverkande borrkrona. Uppfinningen avser aven ett f8rfarande for bergborrning samt en bergborrigg. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a rock drilling machine designed to intermittently generate thrust pulses for transmission via a drill string to a rock-cutting drill bit. The invention also relates to a method for rock drilling and a rock drilling rig.
UPPFINNINGENS BAKGRUND I andamal att tillforsakra kontakt mellan en borrkrona och berg som ska avverkas appliceras enligt dagens teknik en pa borrkronan verkande matningskraft genom borrstrangen. Denna i borriktningen verkande matningskraft tillhandahalls typiskt av kraftorgan verkande pa en bergborrmaskinen uppbarande slade, vilken ãr styrd pa en matarbalk. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In order to ensure contact between a drill bit and rock to be felled, according to current technology, a feed force acting on the drill bit through the drill string is applied. This drilling force acting in the drilling direction is typically provided by power means acting on a sledge carrying a rock drilling machine, which is controlled on a feed beam.
Vid dagens bergborrmaskiner overfars matningskraften till en borrnacke, vilken utgar ett forsta element i borrstrangen, sett fran bergborrmaskinen. Overforingen av matningskraften till borrnacken ombesorjs normalt av en dampningsenhet, vilken darutover aven ombesorjer dampning av stotvagsreflexer, vilka harror fran borrkronans slag mot berget och varierar med bl. a graden av bergkontakt has borrkronan. In today's rock drills, the feed force is transferred to a drill neck, which forms a first element in the drill string, seen from the rock drill. The transfer of the feed force to the drill neck is normally ensured by a steaming unit, which in addition also ensures the steaming of shock absorber reflexes, which vibrate from the stroke of the drill bit against the rock and varies with e.g. the degree of rock contact has the drill bit.
Utover matningskraften tillhandahalls vid slaende bergborrning intermittenta stotvagor genom borrstrangen mot borrkronan, vilket harror fran en i bergborrmaskinens slagverk fram och atergaende slagkolv, vilken utfor slag mot borrnacken. Impulsfladet av dessa stotvagor kan uttryckas som m.v•f, dar m = kolvvikten, v = anslagshastigheten has kolven och f = frekvensen. In addition to the feed force, intermittent thrust waves are provided during striking rock drilling through the drill string against the drill bit, which vibrates from a reciprocating percussion piston in the rock drilling machine, which performs blows against the drill neck. The impulse surface of these shock waves can be expressed as m.v • f, where m = piston weight, v = the impact velocity of the piston and f = the frequency.
Dampkraften som overfors som kraft till borrnacken via dampkolven kan uttryckas som pdamp Adamp dar pdarap ãr medelvardet av damptrycket och Adaw ar damparens tryckarea. 1 En tumregel for hur stor matningskraften bar vara i relation till impulsflodet ar Pmat = 3 • m'v•f. Ett skal till att matningskraften behOver vara sa hog är for att sakerstalla att borrkronan har kontakt med berget far att mojliggera att den med hjalp av stotvagen ska kunna krossa berg. Om inte borrkronan skulle ha kontakt med berget skulle det, utover reducerad borrningskapacitet, aven leda till att stotvagsenergin inte levereras till berget, med uppvarmning och okat slitage av gal-Igor mellan enskilda borrstrangskomponenter som foljd. The steam power that is transferred as power to the drill neck via the steam piston can be expressed as steam. Steam steam is the average value of the steam pressure and Adaw is the steam area of the steam. 1 A rule of thumb for how large the feed force should be in relation to the impulse flow is Pmat = 3 • m'v • f. One reason why the feed force needs to be so high is to ensure that the drill bit has contact with the rock, making it possible for it to be able to crush rock with the help of the impact wagon. If the drill bit were not in contact with the rock, it would, in addition to reduced drilling capacity, also lead to the throttle energy not being delivered to the rock, with heating and increased wear of gal-Igor between individual drill string components as follows.
Ett ytterligare skal till att ha relativt hog matningskraft ar att det vid borrning vid gangade borrstrangskomponenter blir problem med att halla dessa gangor atdragna om matningskraften ar lag. An additional reason for having a relatively high feed force is that when drilling with threaded drill string components, there are problems with keeping these threads tight if the feed force is lawful.
Eftersom hOga matningskrafter staller krav pa motsvarande kraftig utrustning far hela riggen, resulterande slitage av borrstrangen samt problem med halrakhet sker ett standigt utvecklingsarbete i andamAl att tillhandahAlla mer tillforlitliga och slitstarka komponenter. Since high feed forces place demands on correspondingly heavy equipment for the entire rig, resulting wear of the drill string and problems with slip resistance, a constant development work takes place in order to provide all more reliable and durable components.
UPPFINNINGENS ANDAMAL OCH VIKTIGASTE KANNETECKEN Det ar ett andamal att tillhandahalla en bergborrmaskin och ett forfarande enligt ovan, vilka adresserar problemen med den kanda tekniken och Atminstone lindrar dessa problem. OBJECTS AND MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INVENTION It is an object to provide a rock drilling machine and a method as above, which address the problems of the prior art and at least alleviate these problems.
Dessa andamal uppnas vid en bergborrmaskin och ett forfarande enligt ovan genom att bergborrmaskinen innefattar: - en kraftansattningsenhet, vilken az- anordnad att periodiskt bibringa borrstrangen en ansattningskraft i namnda avverkningsriktning, och - en styrenhet, vilken är anordnad att aktivera kraftansattningsenheten att initiera namnda ansattningskraft infOr en tidpunkt for alstrandet av atminstone ett urval av 2 namnda stotvagspulser for att tillfOrsakra forbattrad bergkontakt hos borrkronan dá denna utovar ett slag. Harigenom uppnas att det mojliggOrs att momentant applicera en hogre kraft via borrstrangen till borrkronan nar Sdenna kraft verkligen behems, vilket ar infor att en statvag nar borrkronan, med vilken statvag borrkronan ska krossa det mOtande berget. Harigenom uppnas ett flertal fOrdelar. Medelvardet av matningskraften levererad fran riggen kan harigenom sattas lagre men trots detta kan den kraft som pressar borrkronan mot berget da borrkronan avger slaget vara lika star som vid konventionell bergborrning eller t o m tillatas vara storre. Detta ger potential for stOrre avverkningshastighet - battre borrsjunkning. These objects are achieved in a rock drilling machine and a method as above in that the rock drilling machine comprises: - a force application unit, which az- arranged to periodically impart to the drill string an application force in said felling direction, and - a control unit, which is arranged to activate the force application unit to initiate the said application device. a time for the generation of at least a selection of 2 said thrust pulses to cause improved rock contact of the drill bit when it exerts a blow. This achieves that it is possible to momentarily apply a higher force via the drill string to the drill bit when this force is actually applied, which means that a state carriage reaches the drill bit, with which state carriage the drill bit must crush the opposing rock. This achieves a number of benefits. The average value of the feed force delivered from the rig can thus be set lower, but despite this the force that presses the drill bit against the rock when the drill bit emits the blow can be as rigid as in conventional rock drilling or even allowed to be greater. This offers potential for greater felling speed - better drilling subsidence.
Vidare kan komponenter i bergborriggen dimensioneras far lagre kontinuerliga krafter och/eller battre anpressning mot berget for borrkronan infor sjalva slaget tillhandahallas. Genom att ansattningskraften i praktiken pulsas i borrstrangen kan knackningsrisken reduceras i jamforelse med am en motsvarande star konstant kraft skulle palaggas, vilket akar driftsakerheten och battre borrstrangsekonomi, vilket t o m kan medfora att borrstrangskomponenter kan dimensioneras for lagre kraftpaverkan. Furthermore, components in the rock drilling rig can be dimensioned to provide lower continuous forces and / or better pressing against the rock for the drill bit before the impact itself is provided. By the pulsating force in practice being pulsed in the drill string, the knocking risk can be reduced in comparison with if a corresponding constant force would be applied, which increases operational reliability and better drill string economy, which can even mean that drill string components can be dimensioned for lower force.
Halrakheten kan ocksa fOrbattras, eftersom en lagre kontinuerlig matningskraft kan utnyttjas och det kan undvikas de problem halrakhet, som typiskt ar en foljd av h6g matningskraft. Halic acidity can also be improved, since a lower continuous feed force can be utilized and the problems of halocarbon, which are typically a consequence of high feed power, can be avoided.
Enligt uppfinningen kan kraftansattningsenheten aktiveras att initiera namnda ansattningskraft aven far ett urval av namnda stOtvagspulser, varvid det ar mojligt att t ex initiera namnda ansattningskraft vid var annan, var tredje etc. stOtvagspuls. Vid hogfrekventa slagverk kan det namligen visa sig vara tillrackligt for erhallande av en totalt sett effektiv borrning att 0 detta satt med storre tidsavstand 3 tillfOrsakra hog kraftansattning dá Atminstone i vissa driftsfall det kan racka med lagre kraftpalaggning far resterande slag for att ernA god bergsanderdelning. According to the invention, the power engaging unit can be activated to initiate said actuating force also by obtaining a selection of said thrust pulses, whereby it is possible to, for example, initiate said accelerating force at every second, every third etc. thrust pulse. In the case of high-frequency percussion, it may prove to be sufficient to obtain an overall efficient drilling that this is set with a greater time interval 3 cause high power application then At least in some operating cases it may suffice with lower power application for the remaining blows to achieve good rock sand division.
Det foredras att kraftansattningsenheten innefattar en dampkolv, vilken är inrattad fOr overforing av matningskraft till borrstrangen. Harigenom utnyttjas med fordel en i bergborrmaskinen redan befintlig komponent och integreras denna i kraftansattningsenheten pA ett enkelt och effektivt satt och till en lag kostnad. Lampligen ãr en till dampkolven horande kammare darvid anslutbar till en tryckkalla for tryckfluid far utovande av namnda ansattningskraft. Om namnda kammare ãr en dAmpkammare, som ar utnyttjad for normalt damparbete kan insatserna fOr tillverkning och utveckling minimeras. It is preferred that the power application unit comprises a steam piston, which is arranged for transmitting feed force to the drill string. As a result, a component already existing in the rock drilling machine is utilized and this is integrated in the power application unit at a simple and efficient set and at a reasonable cost. Lamply, a chamber belonging to the steam piston is thereby connectable to a pressure source for pressure fluid which exerts the said actuating force. If the said chamber is a steam chamber, which is used for normal steam work, the efforts for production and development can be minimized.
Det ar aven mojligt att kraftansattningsenheten innefattar atminstone en av dampkolven oberoende ansattningskolv, vilket medfeir att de olika funktionerna kan hAllas inbordes oberoende av varandra. It is also possible for the power engagement unit to comprise at least one engagement piston independent of the steam piston, which means that the different functions can be kept inboard independently of each other.
Uppfinningen ars sarskilt tillamplig dá bergborrmaskinen innefattar ett slagverk med en for verkan mot en borrnacke avsedd slagkolv, vilken är fram- och aterrorlig i en cylinder. Styrenheten innefattar dá med fordel ett av slagkolven uppburet ventilkroppsparti, vilkets position i cylindern är anordnat att styra aktiveringen av kraftansattningsenheten. The invention is particularly applicable in that the rock drilling machine comprises a percussion device with a percussion piston intended for action against a drill neck, which is reciprocable in a cylinder. The control unit then advantageously comprises a valve body portion supported by the percussion piston, the position of which in the cylinder is arranged to control the activation of the power application unit.
Vid en foredragen aspekt innefattar bergborrmaskinen ett impulsverk med en for verkan mot en borrnacke avsedd impulskolv, vilken endast ãr mycket begransat rorlig i en axiell led av bergborrmaskinen. I detta fall innefattar styrenheten lampligen en ansattningsventil, vilken for aktivering av kraftansattningsenheten ãr styrbar i beroende av en huvudstyrventil for impulsverket. 4 Uppfinningen avser aven ett f8rfarande for bergborrning, varvid statvAgspulser alstras intermittent i en avverkningsriktning och OverfOrs via en borrstrang till en bergavverkande borrkrona, varvid en ansattningskraft periodiskt bibringas borrstrangen i namnda avverkningsriktning, och namnda ansattningskraft initieras infOr en tidpunkt for alstrandet av Atminstone ett urval av namnda stotvAgspulser fOr att tillforsakra forbattrad bergkontakt hos borrkronan TA denna utOvar ett slag. In a preferred aspect, the rock drilling machine comprises an impulse plant with an impulse piston intended for action against a drill neck, which is only very limitedly movable in an axial joint of the rock drilling machine. In this case, the control unit suitably comprises an actuating valve, which for activating the power actuating unit is controllable in dependence on a main control valve for the impulse unit. The invention also relates to a method for rock drilling, in which state road pulses are generated intermittently in a felling direction and are transmitted via a drill string to a rock-cutting drill bit, wherein an actuating force is periodically imparted to the drill string in said felling direction, and a time The said thrust pulse to ensure improved rock contact with the drill bit TA this utOvar a stroke.
Fordelar motsvarande det ovanstaende uppnAs vid de beroende fOrfarandesardragen: matningskraft OverfOrs med fOrdel till borrstrangen genom en dampkolv. en till dampkolven horande kammare ansluts lampligen till en tryckkalla for utovande av namnda ansattningskraft. en dampkammare ansluts med fordel till namnda tryckkalla. namnda ansattningskraft kan aven ansattas av en av dampkolven oberoende ansattningskolv. stotvAgspulserna alstras foretradesvis av ett slagverk med en far verkan mot en borrnacke avsedd slagkolv, vilken ãr fram- och Aterrorlig i en cylinder. aktiveringen av kraftansattningsenheten styrs TA lampligen av ett av slagkolven uppburet ventilkroppsparti. vid en variant av uppfinningen alstras stotvAgspulserna av ett impulsverk med en for verkan mot en borrnacke avsedd impulskolv. en i beroende av en huvudstyrventil fOr impulsverket styrbar ansAttningsventil aktiverar dá lampligen kraftansattningsenheten. Advantages corresponding to the above are obtained in the dependent process features: feed force is transferred with advantage to the drill string through a steam piston. a chamber belonging to the steam piston is suitably connected to a pressure vessel for exerting said actuating force. a steam chamber is advantageously connected to said pressure cold. said employing force can also be employed by an employment piston independent of the steam piston. the shockwave pulses are preferably generated by a percussion device with a percussion action on a percussion piston, which is forward and rearward in a cylinder. the activation of the force application unit is TA suitably controlled by a valve body portion supported by the percussion piston. in a variant of the invention, the shock wave pulses are generated by an impulse actuator with an impulse piston intended for action against a drill neck. an actuating valve which can be controlled in dependence on a main control valve for the impulse unit then activates the power actuating unit.
Uppfinningen avser ¥ en bergborrigg innefattande en bergborrmaskin enligt ovan. The invention relates to a rock drilling rig comprising a rock drilling machine as above.
KORTFATTAD BESKRIVNING AV RITNINGAR Uppfinningen ska nu narmare beskrivas med ledning av utf8ringsexempel och med hanvisning till bifogade ritningar, pa vilka: Fig. 1 schematiskt illustrerar en rigg utrustad med en anordning enligt uppfinningen, Fig. 2 visar en partiell axiell sektion av ett slagverk enligt en forsta utforingsform av uppfinningen, Fig. 3 visar en partiell axiell sektion av ett slagverk enligt en andra utforingsform av uppfinningen, Fig. 4 visar en partiell axiell sektion av ett slagverk enligt en tredje utforingsform av uppfinningen, Fig. 5 visar en partiell axiell sektion av ett slagverk enligt en fjarde utforingsform av uppfinningen, Fig. 6 visar en partiell axiell sektion av ett impulsverk enligt uppfinningen, och Fig. 7 visar ett diagram utvisande krafter paverkande borrkronan vid en bergborrmaskin enligt uppfinningen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a rig equipped with a device according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a partial axial section of a percussion instrument according to a first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 shows a partial axial section of a percussion instrument according to a second embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 shows a partial axial section of a percussion instrument according to a third embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5 shows a partial axial section of a percussion device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, Fig. 6 shows a partial axial section of an impulse plant according to the invention, and Fig. 7 shows a diagram showing forces acting on the drill bit at a rock drilling machine according to the invention.
BESKRIVNING AV UTFoRINGSEXEMPEL I foljande utforingsexempel ar lika och liknande element betecknade med samma hanvisningsbeteckningar. Figurerna ar forenklade och illustrerar for tydlighets skull i vissa fall inte all element pa bada sidor av en symmetriaxel. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In the following embodiments, similar and similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. The figures are simplified and, for the sake of clarity, in some cases do not illustrate all the elements on both sides of an axis of symmetry.
Fig. 1 visar schematiskt en bergborrigg, vid vilken ett bararfordon via en bararm uppbar en matarbalk 4, pa vilken en bergborrmaskin 2 ar rorlig. Som sedvanligt ar bergborriggen utrustad med (ej visade) organ f8r att palagga en matningskraft i en avverkningsriktning R pa bergborrmaskinen 2. Bergborrmaskinen 2 alstrar vidare intermittent st8tvagspulser i avverkningsriktningen R via en borrstrang 3 till en mest distalt pa borrstrangen 3 placerad en borrkrona 6, vilken utOvar berget sonderdelande slag i ett borrhal 5. 6 Vid den utfaringsform av ett slagverk, som schematiskt illustreras i fig. 2, ar en borrnacke 14, vilken är ett mest proximalt element i borrstrangen, utsatt for slagverkan fran en fram och tillbaka i en cylinder i ett hus H till bergborrmaskinen rOrlig slagkolv 7. Slagkolven 7 drivs med hjalp av en drivfluid, vilken styrs att intermittent verka pa for tryck exponerade ytor pa slagkolvpartier for att driva slagkolven i en slagriktning respektive i en returriktning. Fig. 1 schematically shows a rock drilling rig, in which a drilling vehicle carried a feed beam 4 via a drilling arm, on which a rock drilling machine 2 is movable. As usual, the rock drilling rig is equipped with means (not shown) for applying a feed force in a felling direction R to the rock drilling machine 2. The rock drilling machine 2 further generates intermittent shock wave pulses in the felling direction R via a drill string 3 to a drill bit 6 located distally on the drill string 3. In the embodiment of a percussion instrument, which is schematically illustrated in Fig. 2, a drill neck 14, which is a most proximal element in the drill string, is subjected to the percussion action from a back and forth in a cylinder. in a housing H of the rock drilling machine movable percussion piston 7. The percussion piston 7 is driven by means of a driving fluid, which is controlled to intermittently act on pressurized surfaces on percussion piston portions to drive the percussion piston in one direction of impact and one return direction, respectively.
Radiellt utanfor slagkolven 7 anligger via en hylsa 19 mot borrnacken 14 en dampkolv 9, vilken i detta fall ar en dampkolv i en enkeldamparanordning. Dampkolven 9 har som syfte att overfOra matningskraft till borrnacken 14 och ar for detta andamal ansatt med en dampkraft harrorande fran en via en tryckkalla P trycksattbar dampkammare 10, i vilken ett kolvparti hos dampkolven 9 ar verksamt. I fall av stotvagsreflexer fran borrstrangen, fungerar dampkolven i princip som en fjader, som trycker dampkolven motsatt slagriktningen mot verkan av dampkraften Enligt uppfinningen ar en kraftansattningsenhet 8 Inrattad, genom vilken dampkolven 9 ocksa intermittent paverkas av en ansattningskraft i slagriktningen. Darmed paverkar ansattningskraften borrnacken 14 och formedlas genom borrstrangen ned till borrkronan for att tillforsakra att denna har god bergkontakt under en kort period av slagverkets slagcykel dá slagkolven 7 utavar sitt slag mot borrnacken 14. Radially outside the percussion piston 7, a steam piston 9 abuts via a sleeve 19 against the drill neck 14, which in this case is a steam piston in a single-steam device. The purpose of the steam piston 9 is to transmit feed force to the drill neck 14 and is for this purpose employed with a steam force emanating from a steam chamber 10 pressurizable via a pressure cold P, in which a piston portion of the steam piston 9 is operative. In the case of shockwave reflexes from the drill string, the steam piston basically acts as a spring, which pushes the steam piston opposite the direction of impact against the action of the steam force. According to the invention, a force application unit 8 is provided, through which the steam piston 9 is also intermittently affected by an impact force. Thus, the actuating force affects the drill neck 14 and is formed by the drill string down to the drill bit to ensure that it has good rock contact for a short period of the percussion cycle of the percussion device when the percussion piston 7 makes its stroke against the drill neck 14.
For detta andamal ombesorjs med hjalp av denna kraftansattningsenhet 8 enligt uppfinningen att hydraultrycket pa dampkolven 9 Okas i namnda avverkningsriktning R, och vid den visade utforingsformen genom att till dampkammaren under dessa korta tidsperioder tillfors tryckfluid fran en hjalptryckfluidkalla 18, vilken tillhandahaller ett hogre fluidtryck an damptrycket. 7 Detta kan ombesorjas pa flera olika satt, men är i fig. 2 illustrerat med en styrenhet 11 omfattande en ventilport 13, vilken samverkar med ett ventilkroppsparti 12 utgorande ett nockparti pa slagkolven 7. Vid slagkolvens 7 rorelse till slaglaget kommer enligt denna aspekt av uppfinningen ventilporten 13 att Oppnas genom att namnda ventilkroppsparti 12 avtacker ventilporten innan slagkolven 7 slAr mot borrnacken 14. Genom ett lampligt arrangemang av fluidledningar, vilka i ett Oppet lage av ventilporten 13 leder tryckfluid frAn n&mnda hjalptryckfluidkalla till ett ansattningsinlopp 20 i dampkammaren 10 kommer en tryckakning att ske i dampkammaren 10 och dampkolven 9 att tryckas mot borrnacken 14. Den uppkomna ansattningskraften formedlas nu via borrstrangen till borrkronan fore tidpunkten for slaget av slagkolven mot borrnacken. Harigenom kommer det slag som borrkronan utovar mot berget att ske med en mot berget sakrare ansatt borrkrona, vilket medfor battre effekt av slagen och battre forutsattningar far bergsonderdelning vid olika driftstillstand. For this purpose, with the aid of this power application unit 8 according to the invention, it is ensured that the hydraulic pressure on the steam piston 9 is increased in the said felling direction R, and in the embodiment shown by supplying pressure fluid from an auxiliary pressure fluid source 18 to the steam chamber during these short periods. . This can be arranged in several different ways, but is illustrated in Fig. 2 with a control unit 11 comprising a valve port 13, which cooperates with a valve body portion 12 constituting a cam portion on the percussion piston 7. In the movement of the percussion piston 7 according to this aspect of the invention the valve port 13 is to be opened by said valve body portion 12 tapping the valve port before the percussion piston 7 strikes the drill neck 14. By a light arrangement of fluid conduits which in an open layer of the valve port 13 conduct pressure fluid from said auxiliary pressure fluid source to a pressure inlet 20 in the steam chamber 10 take place in the steam chamber 10 and the steam piston 9 to be pressed against the drill neck 14. The resulting actuating force is now formed via the drill string to the drill bit before the time of the stroke of the piston against the drill neck. As a result, the blow that the drill bit exerts on the rock will take place with a drill bit attached more securely to the rock, which entails a better effect of the blows and better conditions for rock subdivision at different operating conditions.
I fig. 3 visas ett slagverk med en annorlunda utformad dampare, vilken i detta fallet ár en dubbeldamparanordning. Harvid är ett dampflode Q kontinuerligt tillforsakrat till en forsta dampkammare 15. En dampspalt/strypspalt är etablerad mellan denna och en andra dampkammare, vilken ar betecknad med 16. Enligt uppfinningen sker i analogi med utforingsformen enligt fig. 2 en ansattning av dampkolven 9 mot borrnacken 14 just innan slagkolven 7 anslar mot borrnacken 14 genom att en tryckokning sker i den forsta dampkammaren 15 genom t ex ett lednings- och ventilportarrangemang motsvarande vad som beskrivs i samband med fig. 2. Denna dampare utnyttjas med fordel f6r att ge ett specificerat slaglage alien da den anvands och ar anpassad for att vara en del av fereliggande uppfinning. Ett specificerat slaglage eller flytlage 8 tillfOrsakras genom ett i och for sig fOrut kant arrangemang med ett (eller flera) flythal 40 i vaggen till ett cylinderutrymme innehallande dampkolven 9 i kombination med en styrkant 41 pa dampkolven 9. Fig. 3 shows a percussion device with a differently designed steamer, which in this case is a double steamer device. A steam flow Q is continuously secured to a first steam chamber 15. A steam gap / throttle gap is established between it and a second steam chamber, which is denoted by 16. According to the invention, in analogy with the embodiment according to Fig. 2, a steam piston 9 is applied to the drill neck. 14 just before the percussion piston 7 abuts the drill neck 14 by a pressure boiling in the first steam chamber 15 through, for example, a line and valve door arrangement corresponding to what is described in connection with Fig. 2. This steamer is used to advantage to give a specified stroke alien as it is used and adapted to be part of the present invention. A specified impact layer or floating layer 8 is provided by a per se leading edge arrangement with one (or more) floating holes 40 in the cradle to a cylinder space containing the steam piston 9 in combination with a guide edge 41 on the steam piston 9.
I utforingsformen enligt fig. 4 har dampkolven 9 fOrsetts med ytterligare ett kolvparti, vilket är verksamt i en speciell ansattningskammare 17. Denna ansattningskammare 17 ar trycksattbar motsvarande vad som beskrivs i samband med fig. 2, 3, varvid i detta fall saledes ansattningsfunktionen ãr integrerad med dampkolven 9 men skild fran den f6rsta dampkammaren 15 och den andra dampkammaren 16 ingaende i ett dubbeldamparsystem. In the embodiment according to Fig. 4, the steam piston 9 has been provided with a further piston portion, which is operative in a special engagement chamber 17. This engagement chamber 17 is pressurizable corresponding to what is described in connection with Figs. 2, 3, in which case the engagement function is thus integrated with the steam piston 9 but separate from the first steam chamber 15 and the second steam chamber 16 entering a double steam system.
I utfOringsformen enligt fig. 5 ãr anordnad en ansattningskolv 23 koncentriskt mellan slagkolven 7 och en dampkolv 9, varvid ansattningskolven 23 samverkar med en ansattningskammare 24, axiellt pa motsatt sida av ansattningskolven 23 sett fran borrnacken 14. Ansattningskammaren 24 ar trycksattbar pa motsvarande satt som beskrivs i samband med ovanstaende utforingsexempel. In the embodiment according to Fig. 5, an actuating piston 23 is arranged concentrically between the percussion piston 7 and a steam piston 9, the actuating piston 23 cooperating with an actuating chamber 24, axially on the opposite side of the actuating piston 23 seen from the drill neck 14. The actuating chamber corresponding to pressurizable in connection with the above embodiment.
Vid utforingsformen enligt fig. 6 visas ett impulsverk, vilket omfattar en impulskolv 26, vilken ar verksam i en impulskammare 29 och ar inrattad att avge stotvagspulser till en borrnacke 25. En mothallskammare 30 ãr inrattad i avverkningsriktningen sett fran impulskolven 26. In the embodiment according to Fig. 6, an impulse plant is shown, which comprises an impulse piston 26, which is operative in an impulse chamber 29 and is arranged to deliver shock wave pulses to a drill neck 25. An opposite chamber 30 is arranged in the felling direction seen from the impulse piston 26.
StOtvagspulserna kan t ex alstras genom att det abrupt sker en hog tryckOkning i impulskammaren 29 pa den sida av impulskolven 26 som ãr riktad fran borrnacken 25. The impulse pulses can be generated, for example, by abruptly increasing the pressure in the impulse chamber 29 on the side of the impulse piston 26 which is directed from the drill neck 25.
Alternativt kan stOtvagspulser alstras genom att hOgt tryck initieras i saval impulskammaren 29 som i mothAllskammaren 30, varefter trycket i mothallskammaren abrupt frigors. Alternatively, shock wave pulses can be generated by initiating high pressure in both the impulse chamber 29 and in the counter chamber 30, after which the pressure in the counter chamber is abruptly released.
For att tillhandahalla en ansattningskraft enligt uppfinningen ar en kraftansattningsenhet med en 9 ansattningskolv 27 inrattad radiellt utanfor ett stangartat parti tillh5rande impulskolven 26, vilken ansattningskolv 27 ansatts mot den radiellt yttre delen av borrnacken 25. Alternativt kan ansattningskolven vara inrattad att verka mot en radiellt inre del. Ansattningskolven 27 är verksam i en ans&ttningskammare 28, vilken är trycksdttbar pA satt motsvarande vad som visas och beskrivs i samband med ovanstaende utforingsformer. Eftersom ingen slagkolv kan utnyttjas som ventil kan i fallet av ett impulsverk, utnyttjas en styrenhet med en ventilanordning, som är styrd for att trycksatta ansattningskammaren 28 att ansatta ansattningskolven 27 mot borrnacken 25 just innan en stotvagspuls ar avsedd att initieras. To provide an actuating force according to the invention, a force actuating unit with an actuating piston 27 is arranged radially outside a rod-like portion belonging to the impulse piston 26, which actuating piston 27 is arranged against the radially outer part of the drill neck 25. Alternatively, the actuating piston may be . The engagement piston 27 is operative in an engagement chamber 28, which is pressurizable on a set corresponding to what is shown and described in connection with the above embodiments. Since no percussion piston can be used as a valve, in the case of an impulse actuator, a control unit with a valve device, which is controlled to pressurize the actuating chamber 28 to actuate the actuating piston 27 against the drill neck 25 just before a thrust pulse is intended to be initiated.
Fig. 7 visar ett kraft (F) - tid (t) - diagram utvisande krafter paverkande borrkronan vid en bergborrmaskin enligt uppfinningen. Med heldragen linje illustreras mycket kortvariga stotvagspulser 30 med hOg intensitet fOr f5rmedling till en borrkrona alstrade i ett slagverk med fram- och Aterrorlig slagkolv eller i ett impulsverk. Kurvan 31 med streckprickad linje illustrerar principen fOr uppfinningen genom att visa summan av en matningskraft och en ansattningskraft, vilka paverkar borrkronan. Den lagre kraftnivan 32, vilken rader i huvudsak mellan de av slagen i slagverket (eller impulsverket) alstrade stOtvagspulserna utgors av matningskraft levererad fran borriggen enligt ovan. Fig. 7 shows a force (F) - time (t) diagram showing forces acting on the drill bit in a rock drilling machine according to the invention. The solid line illustrates very short duration high impulse pulse pulses 30 for transmission to a drill bit generated in a percussion instrument with a forward and asteroidal percussion piston or in an impulse actuator. The dashed line curve 31 illustrates the principle of the invention by showing the sum of a feed force and an actuating force which affect the drill bit. The lower power level 32, which rows are mainly between the shock wave pulses generated by the beats in the percussion device (or impulse device), is constituted by feed force supplied from the drilling rig as above.
Kraftokningarna vid 33 indikerar att en ansattningskraft applicerats i borrstrangen, vilken tillsammans med matningskraften kan vara storre an en sedvanlig matningskraft, vilken indikeras med streckad linje och nar kraftnivan 34. The force increases at 33 indicate that an application force has been applied in the drill string, which together with the feed force can be greater than a usual feed force, which is indicated by a broken line and reaches the force level 34.
Sasom framgar av detta diagram kan kraften paverkande borrkronan i ansattningssyfte vara storre vid utovande av de bergsonderdelande slagen men mindre sett Over en slagcykel. As can be seen from this diagram, the force affecting the drill bit for the purpose of use can be greater when performing the rock-dividing strokes, but less so over a stroke cycle.
Uppfinningen kan modifieras mom ramen for de efterfoljande kraven. Salunda kan trycksattning av ansattningskolvar aven vid slagverk med slagkolvar ombesarjas pa annat satt an genom styrenheter med ventilpartier pa slagkolven. T ex kan en styrenhet vara anordnad, medelst vilken slagkolvens 'age detekteras och detekterat lage bringas att styra ansattningskraftens initiering. 11 The invention can be modified within the scope of the appended claims. Thus, pressurization of the employment pistons, even in the case of percussion with percussion pistons, can be handled in another way than by control units with valve sections on the percussion piston. For example, a control unit may be provided, by means of which the action of the percussion piston is detected and the detected bearing is caused to control the initiation of the actuating force. 11
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1450188A SE538090C2 (en) | 2014-02-18 | 2014-02-18 | Rock drilling machine and rock drilling procedure |
| PCT/SE2015/050179 WO2015126315A1 (en) | 2014-02-18 | 2015-02-17 | Rock drilling machine, method for rock drilling and rock drill rig |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1450188A SE538090C2 (en) | 2014-02-18 | 2014-02-18 | Rock drilling machine and rock drilling procedure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE1450188A1 SE1450188A1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| SE538090C2 true SE538090C2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| SE1450188A SE538090C2 (en) | 2014-02-18 | 2014-02-18 | Rock drilling machine and rock drilling procedure |
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| SE (1) | SE538090C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015126315A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107130919A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of cam motor formula hydroscillator |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE532482C2 (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2010-02-02 | Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab | Method, apparatus and rock drilling rig for controlling at least one drilling parameter |
| CN101765694B (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2014-04-30 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯凿岩设备有限公司 | Method and device for controlling a rock drill rig |
| SE533084C2 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-06-22 | Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab | Drilling rig and method and control system for controlling a feed rate of said drilling rig |
| SE535149C2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-05-02 | Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab | Hydraulic percussion for use in rock or concrete cutting equipment |
-
2014
- 2014-02-18 SE SE1450188A patent/SE538090C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2015
- 2015-02-17 WO PCT/SE2015/050179 patent/WO2015126315A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107130919A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of cam motor formula hydroscillator |
| CN107130919B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-11-16 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of cam motor formula hydroscillator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015126315A9 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| SE1450188A1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| WO2015126315A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
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