SE537416C2 - System and method for measuring and reporting fluid level oil and grease separators. - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY Procedure for feeding water level in oil and grease traps (11) using a remote monitoring system, which has feed units (30 & 20) located in each separator, and a central unit (40) located adjacent to the separators, and one at a distance frail separators located data storage device (43). The feed unit has feed heads (30) connected, a processor, a radio transmitter and a pulse circuit. The method comprises the step of the pulse circuit initiating a food sequence by aft sending an initiation signal to the processor, which food sequence has the steps of the food head feeding the level of the roller crosses and converting them to the physical math unit. The method has further been initiated by a reporting sequence which has the steps of compiling a data message which includes physically measured at the level of the unit and after the food unit unique identification number, since the data message is sent to the radio transmitter which sends the data message as a radio signal inside the separator. thence and the Mr central unit, which receives the radio signal and forwards the level value and the identification number to the data storage unit which stores these in a database.

Description

System and procedure for feeding and reporting water level. in oil and grease separators.

The present invention relates to a system and method for feeding the level of the oil layer in an oil separator or the level of the grease layer in a grease separator as well as other water levels in the separator.

Oil, field and sludge separators are used to. separate unwanted substances out of wastewater before the wastewater is released further into the pipe seam which leads on to the wastewater treatment plants.

The embankment that is to be led through an oil separator is expected to be contaminated with petroleum-based products and can come from, for example, a car wash, a so-called "do-it-yourself-hall" where appendages themselves perform simpler service ph their vehicles, a workshop or service depot, a car scrapping plant, frail industries of various kinds but also from parking lots, street intersections or heavily trafficked roads.

Water to be passed through a grease trap is expected to be contaminated with animal and vegetable oils as well as fats but also food residues of various kinds. The water can come from, for example, a restaurant, restaurant, a hotel, a hospital or a food industry, such as a charcuterie, a slaughterhouse or a fish industry.

The separators' operating principles, construction, design, installation and operation and dishes are described and regulated in Swedish Standard SS-EN 858 for oil separators and SS-EN 1825 for grease separators.

The separation principle is simple according to the gravimetric principle, it basically grinds out that a container should be large enough to give a slow and calm flow of the wastewater so that initially heavy particles and solids can sink to the bottom to accumulate as so-called. sludge. Thereafter, lighter, non-emulsified or dissolved liquid, in the form of droplets of varying size, should be able to float to the surface before accumulating in the form of a liquid layer of oil or grease. The separators can be one or more successively connected with different mechanical construction and disposition.

In the following description, according to Figures 1 and 4, the structure and disposition of the separator is only described in principle, the design of the separator may vary depending on pH size and make but is not phallic salt of importance because the described invention is intended to feed water supplies inside separators. The method according to the invention of feeding water level is applicable in all types and designs of oil and grease separators which are based on the basic gravimetric principle.

The water flow out of the separator is designed in such a way that neither sludge, oil nor grease should be able to follow out. Sludge and oil and sludge and grease, respectively, must remain in the separator.

Over time, the accumulated separated substances will increase in quantity and must gradually be removed by oil, grease and sludge suction of the separator. In order to monitor that the separator is not used so that it is filled beyond what is intended for normal operation, some separators are equipped with usual equipment that emits an alarm signal in the event of abnormal conditions. These occurring alarm sensors are intended for detecting two abnormal conditions, either layer alarms or dusting alarms, each with different devices.

Layer alarm is an alarm device that emits an alarm signal if the oil layer becomes abnormally thick, which can occur if the separator is not emptied regularly according to bulkhead instructions or if incoming wastewater contains a large amount of oil for which the separator is dimensioned.

Immningarmarm is an alarm device that emits an alarm signal if the static level in the separator has risen to a certain abnormal level. The cause of flooding in the separator can be a blockage in the drain pipe downstream. Some separators are equipped with a float-controlled shut-off valve to prevent the outflow of already separated oil if the amount of separated oil becomes too large. This complete stopping of the effluent from the separator also leads to a flood in the separator.

Regarding the function of the alarm that occurs, it can be said that they are only intended to emit noise in operating conditions outside the normal, in emergency situations. Normal operation is not indicated in any way. As long as a catastrophic situation does not occur, no knowledge of the conditions in the separator is obtained. Furthermore, it is clear that if and when a catastrophic situation has arisen, the technology available does not provide any other information than just the indication that a catastrophic situation is at hand.

The invention has, in contrast to what has occurred so far, its function in that it constantly measures the levels expressed in 116.0, for example millimeters. Thus, knowledge of the exact conditions is obtained at all times during all operation of the separator. You thus get a picture of the plant's normal function, cage it is dimensioned in relation to the flowing volume of wastewater and the amount of oil or barrel that is to be separated from the flowing water.

For the agar / user of the separation plant, the invention meant an opportunity to check that a newly delivered separator works as it should and is correctly dimensioned, and then to monitor and optimize the operation.

The invention also offers a plurality of freely selectable level limits in combination with a plurality of freely selectable time limits for creating alert, warning and alarm signals of various kinds such as sound, light, signaling via fire, data messages and SMS to mobile telephones. If and when a condition in the separation process has been detected by the invention, by feeding, transferring the food result, analyzing it, and transferring it to one or more persons, another advantage is realized: When the action is to be performed, the invention provides information on how the situation has arisen , at what speed, as well as information about currently prevailing conditions.

The invention also makes it possible to obtain monitoring and alarm emission from a single level supply with only one feed head and one feed unit for two independent operating cases, each of which can lead to two different abnormal conditions leading to the cessation of the separator function. A feed head located above the part where the "static level" is located can, according to the invention, detect two different forliallands, namely "dusting" and "lackage". Leakage is detected by decreases in the static level below the reference value, in the event of normal or planned or, for the most part, special interruptions in operation. Lowering of the static level below the reference value is an unambiguous indication of damage with the resulting leakage from the separator. With regard to the speed of the decrease of the static level, the invention also provides an opportunity to calculate the discharge rate of the lacquer. Delta is information that otherwise the agarene user of the separation plant can only obtain by calling in consultants for a late Ora an investigation / investigation of whether the paint is paying. Such an examination is usually ordered by the environmental authority to be carried out at least every fifth. The operation and the partitioning of the separation can with the invention be followed during normal operation and that emptying can be done proactively at best. Furthermore, ordering of thinning can be done with knowledge of the conditions in the separator, ie. how much needs to be emptied, as well as the result of the emptying with the invention can be checked before the fact of the emptying makes sense for payment.

The cost of emptying is high, several females per kilo for "environmentally hazardous waste". It is common for even large amounts of water to be emptied from the separator, with a subsequent charge of several kronor per kilo also for a large part of the water in the separator. Invoicing in the order of SEK 50,000 for an ordinary normal-sized petrol station's oil separator from car water is not uncommon. With the invention, knowledge of the conditions is obtained, which can give the agar / user knowledge of whether the actual amount of "environmentally hazardous waste" has in fact been 20-50% of the stated amount. The contractor has sucked with a large amount of water and the invoice thus becomes popularly expressed "watered". It could be said that for a user of a separation plant, the purchase of equipment according to the invention can be a profit already at the first sludge suction. Sludge suction is often, depending on the scope and type of activity, offered by the environmental authority as mandatory at intervals of 6-12 months, the invention offers the mentioned benefit of these offers Regarding the occurrence of alarms principle for detection so can be initially said that the detection is "liquid present "or" water not present ". It can be made with different types of mechanical floats that affect electrical devices to be closed or broken. There is also a type of electrical sensing that is based on whether water connects contact pins or contact wires and thus changes the resistance between them. Finally, there is also a scan which detects the presence of conductive liquid without galvanic connection by so-called capacitive detection.

Existing detection techniques are thus digital (on / off), the installation of which alarm must be issued for whether the operation is abnormal or has completely ceased takes place exclusively through the suspension device. You feed in and hang the alarm sensor at the height where the oil layer is judged to be too thick in deep mat and for the dust land you hang the sensor at the height where the water level reaches when there is a total stop to the function. The invention measures, in contrast to what is customary, the level of liquid by analogy and provides a quantitative mat represented by a food value in millimeters which expresses the thickness of the liquid oil or fat layer alternatively the height of the water in the separator. The suspension of the feeding part of the invention, the feeding part itself, is more to calibrate or one input levels with the physical reference level in the separator. Alarms are created from the input level secondarily and separately through aft in a central unit compared if the input value of the invention is above or below one or more set spruce values for a certain period of time, or periods of time. The different level and time limit values are also linked to different priorities, so that different degrees of attention can be given to, for example, remark value, abnormal or catastrophic operating conditions.

The most advanced kanda technology consists of extremely current-sold electronic devices that can capacitively detect the presence, or not, of ambient water. They can not feed or emit the food value representing a level. These units have a composite structure so that the electronics are assembled with the sensing elements. Power supply from the outside is high and the power consumption is typically 5 or 15 milliamps, where the presence of surrounding water is indicated by one or the other power consumption. Battery operation is excluded as the operating time would be less than a week, the use of the best available batteries, and also the power supply cables are needed for the unit to remove its result.

There is also known technology which can detect sludge present or sludge not present under water by steaming a continuous ultrasound signal whether the feed head is due to sludge or not. Current power consumption is high and the power consumption is typically 25 or 35 milliamps, where the presence of surrounding sludge is indicated by one or the other power consumption. Even for these, battery operation is excluded because the operating time would be a couple of days, and that the power supply cables are needed for the unit to slow down its performance.

There is also known technology that measures with the help of sound or sound pulses, radar or radar pulses, but that technology is very expensive, complicated and sophisticated because it is not used for oil or grease traps. Furthermore, the invention differs from this technique by its non-existent power consumption, the abolition of connections to external power supply and the delivery of the results. The invention already uses known physical properties for propagation of a sound pulse air and liquid, but this is done by a new and simple method and device which has not hitherto existed. The invention is simple to install, and then automatically in its function.

The invention, in comparison with prior art, does not require a power supply for its function, nor a connection to external units to deliver sift results. The result is also a feed that is delivered as a quantitative millimeter mat, which in several subsequent steps can be processed, analyzed, generate newly created information and attention signals with escalating priority.

The feed of the invention is based on a feed head 30, which in a cable hangs above a layer whose level one wishes to feed, or which in a cable hangs down in the liquid oil or grease layer, alternatively that it hangs down through another liquid or water surface in the separator. The food head is a belt passiyt and does not need 4 stromforson as, the food head includes a unit that can emit a few individual sound waves, in the form of a tail wave or pulse, and a unit that receives echoes of these sound waves. In between there are steaming materials which separate these two units, and that the supporting substrate is formed on a set of vibrations from the unit which emits sound waves not to be propagated to the receiving unit. A feeding unit 20, sends some waves through the feeding head 30 and listens to and analyzes echoes received at the feeding head 30. One or more echoes are filtered out as an input of distance and level, the feed unit 20 rakes them back to physical matte. These mats are digitally filtered to be stable and reliable. These filtered mats are sent off with a radio signal. The feeding unit is designed for a special salt according to the invention, so that an average power consumption of only a few millionths of an ampere is required. This means that current reconciliation can take place from a built-in bat with a high degree of maintenance freedom. This means that no external connections need to be made, which leads to a number of additional traditional problems and complications being eliminated, which will be further developed in the following. In practical experiments, the invention has been shown to be able to function and continuously deliver the food for 5-17 years without supervision.

The separators are often coated Mom zones where there is a risk of explosion by ignition of explosive gases. All electrical installations, connections and networks involved risks, problems and complications with regard to the risk of explosion. This is regulated by the Swedish standard SS-EN 600079-0. By realizing the method of the invention in the technical embodiment described here, all traditionally occurring problems and risks are eliminated.

The invention does not need an external power supply for its function, it eliminates the need for connection to an external power supply. Furthermore, the invention does not require a galvanic connection to signal lines or networks for relieving its input level of the oil layer thickness or the water level. In addition, the invention feeds liquid or sludge level without being galvanically connected to the liquid. These three conditions Avoid problems with electrical potential differences between different electrical natures, as well as risks of sparking and heat generation in the event of loose or defective electrical connections. Connections and relays of electrical cables are black to perform in the dirty corrosive humid environment as racier in a separator, which may also contain explosion-prone gases.

Furthermore, the invention eliminates the risks that occur when lightning strikes cause large potential differences within hundreds of meters distance in the surrounding ground, which can be led into the separators by cable laying and ignite explosive gases through sparking. The invention eliminates all these risks and clamed associated traditional problems with grounding etc. to avoid these risks.

Finally, the invention eliminates the need for digging, channeling and cable laying in order to convey supply voltage to the separator and to lay cables in order to convey the input signals and the feed values. This is especially valuable for the monitoring number of previously installed separators that are not equipped with any form of Monitoring.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, create the above-mentioned improvements and produce a system which allows a continuous mixing of layer thickness, water level and sludge level which allows a proactive handling of the normal operation of an oil or grease separator. As well as a better detection of abnormal and catastrophic operational cases and the transmission of various types of escalating attention signals.

The system according to the invention is characterized by a separate part, for each separator, comprises one or more feed units which are arranged in the upper part of the separator above the water surface. This unit of measurement is connected to one or more feed heads, which for each feeding level on the underlying liquid or sludge are designed where a sound pulse is emitted, after which echoes from that pulse are analyzed in time by a feeding unit to determine levels of liquids and sludge. . The feed head can be hung above a liquid to feed its level, or submerged in a liquid such as the oil layer, for all its thickness and underlying sludge level, or submerged in the water to level the sludge of India.

Usually, the level of the boundary between the oil or grease layer and the underlying water is of interest as a measure of the amount of oil or field separated. Furthermore, the so-called static level is of interest, because raising it indicates a downstream stop, as well as lowering it indicates damage to the separator which has resulted in subsequent environmentally hazardous leakage out of the separator.

The feeding head does not need to be adapted to the type of feeding to be done, the suspension determines what is to be fed. About feeding Ors above or below a water surface sit itr the speed of sound is different, which can be detected automatically by the feeding unit. Furthermore, there is a temperature supply for a fine adjustment of the sound speed.

The method according to the invention can be characterized by the steps: the said at least one level is monitored with the aid of at least one food head which is connected to a food unit, which is arranged to feed and analyze echo signals from the pulse receiver of the food head. each food unit with its one or more food heads is a book-independent unit that does not need to be connected to anything for voltage supply or for its function, nor does it need to be connected to anything for delivering its information. alt the food unit or food units via radio forwards made feeds to one or more central units which with radio receivers collect all messages with information about individual feeds. The entries made are individually identifiable and unambiguously economical. all in one or more of these central units storage and comparison of the value for the input level takes place with a Pella] spruce ridge with associated time limits. In the central unit, the food value from each individual food head can be treated separately and compared with one or more boundaries as to level and level. The time for how long a value is stone or less than a spruce mats and if the time exceeds an individual predetermined time interval sit, signals or alarms can be issued. On central units, individual levels can also be read locally on a display.

It must be observed that no additional installations of power supply, signal or network cables need to be made to or at the disconnector or disconnectors. Data entailed a great installation advantage. Furthermore, it is a practical embodiment of the feeding unit of the invention with strong magnetic fastening which with 6 usually 2x10 kilos of traction fastens to the manhole cover cast iron set of preferred, where installation of a feeding unit with associated feeding head has been shown to take only 10 minutes.

Hitherto, without the invention, it is not uncommon for a petrol station manager to invest in an excavation contract between an oil separator and a station building with cable routing, where the cost can typically be in the order of SEK 50,000.

Preferably, the central unit can be located in the station building of a gas station, practical tests have shown that the invention can communicate reliably from a feeding unit under a cast iron manhole cover to the cash register or office in a station building 30 meters away. The invention also allows the use of a so-called repeater for retransmission and thus amplification of signals from feed units into central units. Each step of a message via a repeater adds an additional 100-200 meters of range, with a clear line of sight between the antennas.

Preferably, the central unit is arranged to forward the received infoliation to a data storage unit, where a database containing salvage is kept up to date as historical information about and from each individual food head. Preferably, this database is accessible from ordinary computers and mobile phones with web browsers via the Internet, so it is easy to see the levels in any of the disconnectors connected to the system at any time from any computer connected to the Internet. Because all levels are reported as significant changes change within, a complete picture is obtained in time of all processes, this up to the instantaneous value in real time. This information can be used to obtain knowledge about the individual dimensioning, load and function of the separators. Based on this knowledge, you can adjust the emptying of them to the range and quantity and make it possible to save large amounts. In the event of abnormal and catastrophic operational cases, you can easily and quickly go back in time and see how the situation has arisen and how it develops, in order to make well-founded decisions about appropriate measures.

In addition, as time goes on, all steam requirements are set for quality assurance, documentation and follow-up of self-inspection in accordance with directives for businesses that have mandatory oil or grease separation of their sewage discharged to the municipal sewer network. The system through the invention offers all this, which has not hitherto existed. Knowledge as above about range] and quantity expressed in levels, can with the aid of the invention be obtained if each separates the individual levels and their dynamics in time. With this knowledge, it is possible to enter a number of spruce swords in the central unit which are individual for each separator. On the one hand, you can set the spruce guard that acts as an "order point"; From now on, ordering of thinning must be done, partly you can set a limit for "full", partly you can set a limit for "alarm, downtime". The invention allows this gradual escalation in attracting attention to be achieved.

As is often the case today, a petrol station can have a stop in the drain from car water because the separator has become full, or if operational disturbances in the drain have not been noticed Ronan has been stopped, with the result that car water can be shut off. A petrol station's laundry traditionally accounts for a large proportion of the station's financial refueling allowance, and a shutdown of the water is presumptuous for the station's finances. The invention gives the station manager the opportunity to avoid these downtime. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the appended patent drawings called Figures 1 to Figure 4.

Figure 1 schematically shows a ferret-shaped embodiment and placement of the feeding units in a system according to the invention.

The separation tank 11 is challenged for gravimetric separation of sludge by sedimentation, as well as grease or oil by flotation. The separator receives a flood of contaminated water, which during a slow flow sediments and accumulates sludge 13 and oil or grease droplets which float to the surface and accumulate to an oil or grease layer 16. The water continues slowly towards the outlet 19. Finally, the water, freed from the stone part sludge and grease or oil, leaves the separator through the outlet 19.

Inside the oil separator is the static water level 15, which is determined by the height of the outlet 19 and which is normally unchanged under normal operating conditions. The static water level rises at a stop lying downstream of the outlet 19, or if the separator is challenged to meet high opacity requirements, by all with floats block the outlet if the oil layer becomes too thick. Mechanics for blocking the outlet are not drawn in this principle Figure 1 because for the purposes of the invention it is tantamount to a stop downstream of the outlet 19.

Often an oil or grease separator 11 is placed underground and is often thanked for a manhole cover which rests in a collar or sate 12 which is made of cast iron. In practical terms, it may be a good place to place the feeding unit 20 of the invention, which can advantageously be fixed with magnetic fastening 27 with high fastening force.

From the feed unit 20 hangs a cable 21 which partly functions as a suspension for the feed head 30 of the invention and partly functions as an electrical connection for sending pulses to and receiving signals from the feed head for obtaining information about the distance to the underlying liquid, and armed its level.

In order to roughly adjust and calibrate the height of the feed head 30, a loop can be made on the cable 21, or alternatively it can be hung on the fastening devices 27 of the feed unit 20. Then a fine adjustment to millimeter accuracy can be made by sliding the feed unit 20 up or down on the cast iron set 12 until its exact desired height is obtained on the feed head 30.

The feed head 30 is designed so that very weak signals are detected, it is therefore advantageous for the cable 21 to choose a shielded or coaxial cable which by its construction is not affected by external factors such as deposited condensation, moisture and dirt on the outside of the cable and This type of cable shields external electrical signals and fields.

From the feed unit 20, radio messages are sent out with information about the feed level to one or more central units 40. 9 In some cases if the feed unit is placed as 20a, with the feed head 30 lying as 30a sh, the "static level" will appear. Elevations in that level beyond the "static level" proactively indicate downstream stops during formation or disturbances as well as small extreme floods beyond dimensioning and level increases due to stops caused by any shut-off mechanism activated by overcrowded separators. The food unit 20 or the central unit 40 is programmed so that decreasing distance between the food head and the liquid below meant a rising static level 15. In the central unit 40, monitoring of the level can be programmed so that, for example, if the level rises to level 18, alarms are issued for dusting. The invention can also proactively emit an alert signal at levels between 15 and 18 in combination with time which indicates that a stop is about to develop.

In the event that the food unit placed as 20a with the food head hanging as 30a reports a level below the static level 15, then alarm for "leakage" can be issued, which is a double function from the location 30a of the food head, where otherwise only specially called consultants with special equipment has been able to give the user / user that control in the event of a number of operational stoppages. Equipment according to the invention with programmed shore limits for decreasing static level will automatically check the leakage at each natural downtime that occurs, for example, at nights and major holidays. The placement of the feed unit according to 20a with the feed head according to 30a shall take place so that the feed head 30 rises above the dusting level 18. If the static level 15 falls below the level 15L which is ridden in the case of leakage with the minimum volume flow to be detected during the downtime take, sal the central unit 40 emits one alarm for part, with the inboard "lackage".

The invention comes with the above location where the food head 30a hangs in the air, in practice probably will not be able to provide flake information about the conditions below the water level 15, which on the other hand will be obtainable with any of the locations b and c explained in the following. manual adjustments in the feed unit 20 for all handling distance feeding in air and distance feeding in a liquid, respectively, the design of the feeding head 30 allows the feeding unit 20 to frame the difference between air and liquid by feeding the incoming signals from the pulse receiver 33 while the pulse is emitted from the pulse sensor 32. If the direct response comes earlier, then the part indicates liquid, otherwise the surrounding media is lull, after which fine adjustment of the conversion from the eco-time to distance takes place based on the temperature which is also fed with the food body for temperature coated in the food head. , with the food head 30 hanging as 30b sal comes the oil or grease layer thickness all maim. The condition for the moisture arises through all a part of the pulse which the food head emits is reflected in the spruce layer 14 between the layer of separated oil 16 and the underlying water. This reflection forms a weak echo whose time delay is converted to a thickness of oil. or the fat layer. The feed unit 20 or the central unit 40 is programmed so that the lid for returning the echo meant an increased thickness of the oil or grease layer 16. In the central unit 40 alarm limits can be set which give the desired attention signals, for example all emptying must be ordered and the separator is full saint downtime.

In order for a maximum exact feeding of exactly the thickness of the oil or fat layer to be made, a placement of the feeding head 30 according to placement 30b must be made so that the cable 21b must not constitute an alignment of the feeding head 30b. Instead, the cable is attached to as salt as shown in Figure 1, namely because the cable 21b is slightly too long and the food head 30b is fixed in a raft or floating body resting on the water surface 17. The floating body is not important for the invention, therefore it is dashed to aft indicate that it is a possible alternative in the practice of the invention, where the invention together with a floating body allows the highest possible accuracy in the feeding of accumulated amount of oil in an oil separator. A floating body is a possible salt for simply increasing the yield of the invention.

A part of the pulse from the feed head 30b then continues neatly through the spring layer 14, further through the underlying water for Mt is finally reflected against sludge 13 lying in the bottom of the separator. In that the feed unit 20b is arranged all identify and feed in two on each other fob In this case, the food unit not only reports the thickness of the oil layer 16, but also the distance down to the pH bottom of the separator accumulated sludge 13.

When the unit of measurement 20b analyzes the variation of the strength of the echo signals over time from the emission of the pulse, only maximum representing strong echoes from jump layers are of interest, but averaging intermediate ones. With the placement 20b and 30b, a rough mat on the quality of the underlying water can be obtained.

The possibility of all usable grinding of these conditions is dependent on signal strength and the less clear the jump layer into the sludge 13 is, the weaker and more commonly defined the echo response. If the quality of the water is of great interest, or if the deposited sludge 13 is of a fraction with a fine and also varying grain size, then available signal strength is decisive. In this case, the feeding unit and the feeding head according to the invention can be placed as 20c and 30c.

Maximum strength is then obtained on the echo from the oil and grease droplets still coated in the water, as well as sludge particles and underlying possibly diffuse strata to the sludge deposited on the bottom 13.

Feeds through the reception of echoes are choices with applications such as radar, sonar, sonar, etc. The invention contains a method and apparatus which, in contrast to hitherto known technology and applications, enable a substantial improvement of the conditions for practically being able to feed these feeds inside the separators, with small effects, with the possibility of echoes, without connections to external nat or cables, without risk of explosion with high degree of automation and maintenance freedom.

The invention emits the equivalent at the level of sludge 13 accumulated in oil and grease separators, where different graded attention signals can be emitted. The limit of these attention signals is programmed into the central unit 40 based on the value of the degree of filling recommended by the manufacturer of separator 11.

The central unit 40, compared with all incoming values with country boundaries that had the associated time limit and priority, all conditions of interest for the operation of the separator can be monitored and based on that, attention can be paid with escalating priority. The invention offers the possibility of all with one and the same equipment feeding, monitoring, journal forums as well as attentive and finally alarming; The quantity of oil or field accumulated in the separator 16.

Dusting indicating fleet shutdown or outlet 19 downstream stop.

With water filled 18 separators.

Lacquer 15L due to damage to the separator.

The amount in the separator accumulated sludge 13.

Lots of oil and grease drops and liquid sludge particles in the water.

Temperature inside the separator or in the water comma.

Without the invention, it is customary to manually "gauge" the sludge content of oil or grease separators by simply stopping down a long stair stick and karma after, partly a manually required effort, partly no knowledge is obtained prior to such bearing Ors and also not daremellan. Figure 2 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the food unit 20 according to the invention. The food unit or food units are mounted in the separator above the water surface or outside the separator near it. It is practical to prefer if the distance between the feed unit 20 and the feed head 30 can be shortened by more than 5-10 meters in order to keep the self-capacitance and signal damping of the cable 21 as small as possible. The signals to the feed head are weak and from the feed head even weaker and a long cable gives pre-assembly of the signals. The weak signals have the advantage of explosion safety, which will be eliminated separately.

It can often be practical to mount the feed unit 20 against the cast iron set 12 which is usually present for the manhole cover which thanks the manhole of the separator. For this purpose, fastening devices 27 of a strong magnetic type can be practical. There is the magnetic fastener with a hall force of 350 Newton against smooth surfaces that can give a hall force of 100 Newton against the large radius curved cast iron set.

The food unit 20 comprises a bat 22 which is arranged to drive the parts included in the food unit 20.

The feed unit 20 further comprises a supply circuit 26 which is designed so that it partly generates the pulse which is transmitted, and partly receives and amplifies the echoes which arrive shortly after the pulse is transmitted.

The emitted pulse is initiated by the processor 28 and is very short, only a few oscillations, to enable a high resolution in the feed. The emission in water or liquid is done by the feed head 30.

Initially, an immediate direct signal comes from the feed head 30 which, due to the design of the feed head according to the invention, is as weak as possible and where the lack of direct waveguide in the substrate allows a detection for the processor of whether surrounding media is air or water.

Then weak echo signals return from the feed head 30 to be amplified in the feed circuit 26 and then analyzed by the processor 28. The processor looks for peaks, which are echoes, which come from reflections against different spruce layers in the separator. These peaks can be determined by the processor in time by the processor noting the time between the transmission of the pulse until the echo peak returns. In between, minima can be identified, whose signal strength constitutes a measure of the amount of loose particles and droplets in, for example, the water. Wining of aystand, spruce layers and content through echoes is bachelor in itself and will not be described further has. However, the invention relies heavily on the design of this feed and the arrangement of the apparatus.

The invention means that said feeds can be made with low energy access, so low that extreme supply of shorn is not needed. The electronics that carry out the supply must be completely passive between the food incidents, but must, when activated, carry out their supply very quickly and with a low power consumption. For example, the supply circuit 26 is active for only 30 milliseconds and consumes only 5-50 mA during this time.

Furthermore, the invention contains radio transmission 23 to provide the result 24 sh aft no signal cables or connection to network are required. The combination of the properties of the invention means that the supply becomes independent of external connections, which in itself leads to the invention being designed to offer Iva additional pitches; No risk of explosion, and a simple installation procedure.

The feed head 30 is also completely passive, it contains no active electronics and does not need to be supplied with power. The signals to and from the feed head 30 passing through the cable 21 must have a weakness which prevents them from igniting explosion-prone gases should the cable 21 be damaged, cut or short-circuited.

The feed unit also contains the temperature feed circuit 29 in order to be able to supply the temperature at the feed head 30 which can be used as information about the separator process, and in order for the processor 28 to be able to correct the speed of sound in the calculations made by the processor. The temperature supply can also be important for the agars / users of the separation plant, as problems caused by freezing can occur in winter. Temperature feeding can proactively help avoid these problems.

The supply unit 20 further comprises a processor 28, which is connected to the supply circuit 26 and the temperature supply circuit 29 to receive signals which reflect the water level and the temperature value, respectively. The processor 28 is programmed to, at each measurement, reshape the received signal into a physical preferably in millimeters, between the feed head 30 and the underlying spring layer 18, 17, 15, 15L, 14 or 13.

The shaking can be arranged in such a way that a calibration is performed at the time of production. During calibration, the processor feeds known levels and saves in its memory constants and parameters which are subsequently used for the shuffling of future food cases. After this shuffling, the entered value is still not usable as a value representative of the level, the values fluctuate in practice and have superimposed noise and hum. Dad & pars a digital filtering of the input values to obtain a type of rolling average value, after this filtering the invention provides a stable, accurate and clamed usable level value.

The processor 28 is further programmed to compare the level value and the temperature value from the current food event with the level value and the temperature value from the previous food events, respectively. If the current level value differs from the previous level value by more than a predetermined level, which may be, for example, 5 millimeters, the processor is programmed to report the current level value and the current temperature value by compiling a data message, including said current level value and temperature value, and a unique identification number for the food unit 20.

Likash, the processor 28 is programmed to compile such a data message when the integral of the difference between the nival value last reported by the processor 28, i.e. the level value that the processor 28 last included in a data message, and the current level value exceeds a predetermined level threshold value, which may, for example, be in the range 5-10 mm. This set of monitoring the level meant a communication saving without the latest reporting level values in the central unit 40 being misleading. In the case of small changes in the level value, a report thus takes place, even if the level change between two food cases is very small, as long as it is permanent and thus significant to report. 14 The above-mentioned reporting caused by level changes in the following section is illustrated nanuare with the aid of the following example, where it is assumed that the last reported temperature value is 100 mm and the level limit value is 7 mm. Assume that the measured level at the next measurement time after reporting is 105 mm. The difference between the last reported level value and the current level value is then 105-100 = 5 mm oat the integral over the difference values, ie. above-mentioned integral value, is consequently 5 mm. The integral over the difference values is thus smaller in the level limit value and no reporting takes place.

Assume that the measured level value at the next measurement time is 98 mm The difference between the last reported level value and the current level value is then 98-100 = -2 mm and the integral Over the difference values is consequently 5-2 = 3 mm The integral Over the difference values is thus still smaller level threshold and no reporting takes place.

Now assume that the part of the measured level value at the groove list measurement occasion is 106 mm. The difference between the last reported level value and the current level value is dal 106-100 = 6 mm. The integral Over difference values are consequently 5-2 + 6 = 9 mm, ie. stone an nivagransvardet, and reporting takes place.

The invention thus carried a report, which controlled by the input course of action in level and temperature, takes place from the feed unit 20 in such a way that the last received value in the central unit 40 can be considered to represent a radiating situation in the separator 11. this latest report. This feature of the invention makes it possible to dispense with food topicality as follows; A small amount of reporting of the food value, which in turn gives a small power consumption, which in turn allows battery operation, which in turn provides independence from connection to power supply and signal cables, which in turn eliminates the management of risks of explosion.

The only physical relationship that could nullify this hitherto described in the invention are variations in the process dynamics of the relationships from time to time inside a separator or between different separators. Popularly speaking, it can be said that the process dynamics could vary from "roller coaster" to "quiet street". Methods of the Invention Wen steps to deal with and eliminate problems with such differences in process dynamics. The food unit's processor 28 counts the number of dispatched reports 24 per unit of time, preferably per day, and janitor the dispatched number of reports with or during pre-production stored value of how many reports per day are unwanted to send. If, at the turn of the day or comparable, the number of reports in the last 24 hours exceeds the drilling value for how many reports are unavoidable to submit from the food unit 20, it indicates that the process dynamics are volatile, lively, agile, or too dynamic in relation to the above-mentioned reporting level . DarfOr the level limit value is tracked, ie. the food unit 20 Ors less probable for variations in temperature and level values. Delta adapts the food unit's trade-driven reporting to a process that has a high dynamic range, which is business-rich.

On the other hand, for a too small number of reports per day, in the same way the conversion, the probability of the food unit 20 is increased by a lowering of the level limit for reporting. This adapts the food unit's trade-driven reporting to a process that has a law dynamic, which is trade-free.

Based on empirical knowledge, this change in the level value can be performed pt sh sat aft value and property in a simple lines mathematical first degree equation gives the change in level value, and that in practice it has proved quite possible that Ora a "dead-beat" regulation, i.e. in a single correction "slat-ihjal" the whole difference, given that no further changes in the process dynamics during the next unit of time take place.

Practical tests have shown that the level limits set for production are quickly set for production, within a few days. The framework of the invention completely adapts to process dynamics of substantially different types in practice, and that food units 20 in practical operation follow their food object's 11 variations in dynamics. good salt. In conclusion, it can be said that an object's 11 differences in dynamics over time in general are significantly smaller than the dynamics of different objects, ie. aft the individual differences are avsevart stone an differences in the same individual 11 Over time. The invention addresses and takes care of these two variations with a minimum of reporting as a result. This expressed on the above pages is formalized in claim number 5.

Preferably, the processor 28 is also programmed in each data message to include a message number unique to the current data message, information about the battery voltage of the battery 22 and a so-called CRC sum (cyclic redundancy check), ie. a cyclic checksum, which is intended to enable control in the central unit 40 of whether the data message is correct in content or large.

The processor 28 is further programmed to send the composite data message to a radio transmitter 23 included in the feed unit 20, which in turn is arranged to send out the data message as a radio signal 24 intended by one or more central units 40.

If the current level value or temperature value does not differ from the previous level value and the temperature value, respectively, the processor 28 will not normally compile the above-mentioned data message, in which case the radio transmitter 23 will also not receive any data message to send out. P. sh salt avoids the food unit consuming energy by reporting that no change in levels in the separator has occurred. However, if no change in level or temperature is detected over a long period of time, for example Mom 1-4 hours, the processor 28 is programmed to compile a control message, which includes information that nothing of importance is all reported, but all the food unit 20 is functioning properly. .

The feed unit 20 further comprises a pulse circuit 25, which is connected to the above-mentioned batten in 22. The pulse circuit 25 is also connected to the feed circuit 26 for level, the temperature feed circuit 29 and the processor 28 for at predetermined intervals, which may be, for example, once per minute, once every ten minutes or some other interval, initiate a feed sequence and possibly a report sequence by sending an initiation signal to the processor 28. A feed sequence, which after initialization of the pulse circuit 25 is controlled by the processor 28, thus consists of reading the temperature feed 29 and then signals from the food circuit 26 is obtained from which the change of utility is extracted and then the so-called the value is converted to a physical level value. After that, a digital filtering takes place. The processor then makes comparisons of the changes in temperature and level values, respectively, to assess whether reporting should be made. A reporting sequence which, in accordance with the above description, is performed only if there is a significant level or temperature change or if a predetermined time has elapsed since the previous reporting, thus consists of the processor 28 compiling the above-mentioned data message or control message and the radio transmitter 23, after energization from the processor, transmits the above-mentioned radio signal 24 including the data message or the control message. After transmitting, the processor removes the voltage from the radio transmitter 23.

The processor 28 is further arranged to continue after the food sequence and the possible report sequence the level food circuit 26, the temperature food unit 29, the radio transmitter 23 and itself 28 in a passive idle state when they have performed their respective tasks, which idle state continues until the pulse circuit 25 initiates the next food sequence. The time required for a feed sequence is about 30 ms and the time required for a report sequence is about 300 ms. The time from the pulse circuit 25 initiating feeding until the processor 28 continues the level feeding circuit 26, the temperature feeding 29 and the radio transmitter 23 in idle state is thus normally 30 ms if nothing is to be reported and about 300 ms if after radio message is sent out. Since the timing of a feed and reporting sequence is only a fraction of a second, and since the sensor circuits 29 and 26, the processor 28 is energized via the pulse circuit 25, which consumes only about one millionth of an ampere of the battery 22 during the idle state, the energy requirement of the feed unit 20 is extremely high.

The function of the pulse circuit 25 to save the bat is thus preferably supplemented by logic in the processor 28, so that radio messages 24 are only transmitted when significant changes have occurred or at a predetermined time from previous reporting has elapsed. For example, the feed unit 20 needs to be active only for a very short time, typically 30 ms, and only exceptionally slightly longer during radio transmission, typically 300 ms. The battery 22 thus gets a lifelong ph fern to seventeen hr. Delta is in turn the basis for a number of additional pitches of the invention, which are described in the following, as well as in the oceans.

After emitting from the radio transmitter 23, the radio signal 24 bounces against the separator's internal rocks and water surface 14, 15, 17, 18 and also the manhole cover with cast iron set 12. The radio signal then acts on the manhole cover, often of cast iron, which in turn retransmits the radio signal. The signal is sent there by the radio transmitter 23 with great strength in the enclosure which the separator meant, in order to be detectable by one or more central units outside the separator at a reasonable distance of usually about 50 meters. If the distance is stone, or if the radio signal becomes unusually much steamed, one or more repeating units, which receive and retransmit the message in pre-amplified condition, can be placed between the separator and the central units. For this type of data message, for example, any of the frequencies 916.5 MHz, 868.35 MHz, 433.92 MHz, 418.0 MHz, 318.0 MHz, 315.0 MHz or 303.825 MHz can be used. In Sweden, it is preferable to use any of the license-free so-called ISM (Instrumental, Scientific, Medical) frequencies, 434 MHz, 868 MHz or 2.4 GHz, and most preferred is to use the lowest 17 frequency, ie. 434 MHz, since it is retransmitted from any intermediate metal form such as manhole covers with the least evaporation of the signal level.

Figure 3 shows a drawing of a preferred embodiment of the feeding head 30 according to the invention. The drawing is scaled with the scale 1: 1 and challenge in Irish projections.

It may be that practical experience leads to the food head Ors wider, with a stone distance between the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33 if even better properties are sought and needed. Figure 3 can be said to be a drawing for a construction of the invention which provides small outer mats while maintaining desirable properties according to the invention.

The overall invention has unique properties pit sit salt aft only low voltages and currents firms, which provides explosion safety, yidare that exceptionally low power consumption leads to aft bat can anyandas. The implementation of the delta is made possible, among other things, by the construction of the food head 30 of the invention. This is realized by the fact that the feed head is a completely passive construction which contains only a pulse sensor 32, a pulse receiver 33 and a component for temperature sensing, a so-called NTC resistor, which is not drawn.

The emitted pulses are very weak in relation to kand technology. In order to enable the reception of the even weaker echoes from these weak emitting pulses, the invention states that, as far as the food head 30 is concerned, emitting a pulse in the least possible manner must increase the reception of echoes from the transmitted pulse. According to the invention, a pulse is emitted which is in its card, only 3 cycles, that it can hardly be characterized as a sound or a oscillation in traditional meaning. Despite this, the pulse-emitting component 32 will continue to vibrate, and the goods in which it is attached will vibrate and also propagate the vibrations. The embodiment of the invention is intended to minimize the possibilities of the resulting vibrations of the transmitted pulse by the pulse receiving unit 33 as these would large or drown out the weak echoes to be amplified, detected and analyzed by the level food circuit 26 and the processor 28.

According to the invention, the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33 thus mounted a thin substrate which at least conducts mechanical shock waves, high-frequency vibrations or sound waves. In addition to the fact that the substrate is thin in practice with a thickness of only one or a few millimeters, it had a special design such as an "M". There are two sentences with that design, on the one hand the physical scale between the pulse transmitter 32 and the pulse receiver 33 becomes long, given the surface mat 70x80 millimeters, a "scale" wave in the substrate becomes at least 140 millimeters long. On the one hand, the design which, according to "M", means that the three "knuckles" which exist between the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33 stop, or at least substantially steam, further vaginal propagation. The first knuckle 34 can be taken as an example: A wave from the pulse transmitter 32 which propagates backwards and upwards in the substrate arrives at the first knot according to the arrow 34. The scale is concentrated by forming the substrate to the tip of the knuckle, where it partly continues into the surrounding liquid in a radiant shape, partly reflected back to a smaller part. Of the reflecting part, which is a fraction of the wagon approaching the knee, only half of the wagon takes in towards the middle, towards the continuation of the substrate leading to the pulse receiver 33. Furthermore, on the same salt a reduction takes place in a further Iva knee, where part the middle knuckle also has the design or lead a reflected vague booklet away, up jams with the cable 21. The result is all the invention's design of part substrate which fixes the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33 gives as little as possible a scale for shock waves, high frequency vibrations or sound waves to arrive the pulse receiver and thus large its reception of the weak echoes to be analyzed and converted to the level food values.

Remains a direct vague for the frail pulse sensor 32 transmitting the pulse or going directly to the pulse receiver 33 through some media consisting of air, water, oil, field or other liquid present in the separator surrounding the feed head 30, and into the pulse receiver 33.

The embodiment according to the invention and Figure 3 is that the substrate 31 is designed to simultaneously be a holder of a vaginal propagation shield 35. The shield is located between the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33, in part surrounding the medium for pulse / vaginal propagation, and shields direct vaginal propagation from the pulse transmitter 32 to the pulse receiver 33.

On the delta, the pulse receiver 33 is isolated or shielded as far as possible from direct influences from the pulse emitted by the pulse transmitter 32, to the pulse of the pulse receiver 33 receiving the weak echoes returning from the pulse propagating outwards and reflected on different jump layers.

The design of the invention is such that listening for echoes can be started at the same time as the pulse is transmitted. Participating with the above-mentioned design of the entire feed head makes the pulse receiver first come from a direct signal, where the distortion and strength of this direct signal is such that the processor 28 can determine the sound speed of the surrounding media with an accuracy that is insignificant to determine which type of media surrounding the food head. Then, in the programming 28 made in the processor 28, the temperature supply 29 can be used for adjusting the speed of sound for air and water, respectively, which varies by 0.18 and 0.29% per degree, respectively.

A practical embodiment according to the drawing is that the substrate 31 may in addition contain line connections 36 for the necessary electrical connections between the cable 21 and the pulse sensor 32 and the pulse receiver 33. On the same salt, the component for temperature sensing on the substrate is suitably arranged.

The cable 21 is optionally selected to contain two pairs of individually shielded cables, one pair for outgoing pulse, one pair for extremely weak pulse echoes, and one pair for temperature sensing. With the practice of the invention, it is important to eliminate the impact of external disturbances, noise, and noise at all costs.

Further hall is a preferred embodiment of fixing components such as the cable 21, the pulse sensor 32, the pulse receiver 33 and the carriage spread shield 35 with cable ties 37 in accordance with the drawing.

The embodiment can finally be taken and fixed by all dipping in a viscous hardening rubber mass.

Overall, it can be said of the embodiment of the feed unit 20, with its cable 21 connecting the feed head 30, described in Figures 2 and 3, that it is advantageous from an explosion safety point of view that the whole arrangement has a surface which has low conductivity, no connections for ground potential equalization need be made. . However, on the other hand, the conductivity of the invention is not lower than 1 GOlam according to the Swedish standard SS-EN 60079-0 section 7.3.2 in order to avoid static charging. A feature of the invention is that the now mentioned units 20, 21, and 30 do not need to be connected to power supply nor to any form of signal cable or network for delivering the food results. The invention, as described in claim 8, is furthermore given an embodiment in which the three units 20, 21 and 30 cannot be connected to ice, all the battery is encapsulated, inaccessible and protected from the air and permanently connected, and that circuit breakers are missing and the feed unit is openable. encapsulated and filled with grout. Participate in obtaining an embodiment where there is no risk of any explosions being initiated by the invention. Delta design makes it possible to consider these three connected parts of the invention as a so-called "simple product" which is so simple in its construction and operation and has no risk of ignition of a surrounding explosive gas that it does not have to undergo a so-called EX- classification. All "simple products" are not covered by Directive 94/9 / EC, and why, is described in more detail in the Directive, specifically in section 5.2.1. In the event that the combined parts 20, 21 and 30 of the invention have not been realized can in practice be realized as a "sufficiently simple" explosion classification point of view, which means that the EX classification will still be bellows, the embodiment of the invention will nevertheless be the only classification. simplest possible and all the invention has the best possibilities to be classified in the most advantageous possible group affiliation in the groups Group I Apparatus, Group HA Apparatus, Group JIB Apparatus, or Group IIC Apparatus. In the same way, the invention in the described embodiment has the greatest possibility of being approved for use in the most explosive environment, as categorized by Zone 0, Zone I or Zone 3.

Figure 4 shows a system according to the invention in which one or more feed units 20 according to figure 2 form in each separation tank 11, where also a plurality of separation tanks can none, with reporting up to a central unit 40 and further up to data storage unit 43 on the Internet.

It is common to have several separation tanks 11 of different types and with different functions together form a chain for water treatment and also which is the case in, for example, washing plants for vehicles with a recirculation of water through a subsequent treatment plant for reuse of the water in the washing process. .

Examples of such a water chain can be a coarse sludge separator, followed by a fine sludge separator, then an oil separator and finally a treatment plant that provides a water of such quality that it can be reused in the process for specific washing tasks such as underbody water. The invention gives the agar and the user of such a plant both the opportunity to meet the purification and recycling requirements stipulated by the authorities and the opportunity to avoid costly problems in the water plant by feeding and observing the process. Likewise, environmental benefits are obtained in optimizing the purification and all water management with the help of the invention can be quality assured.

At the bottom of Figure 4, a practical application of the invention is shown in which the various separators are named 11d, lie, llf and llg in co-current order, with different combinations of the components of the invention.

The system according to the invention includes a plurality of feed heads 30, a plurality of feed units 20, and also a plurality of central units 40 in a structured structure so that one or more feed heads 30 and / or feed units 20 feed in a separator, and a central unit 40 serves one or more feeding units 20 which are located in the same place or facility, and finally that a data storage unit 43 which serves central units 40 of one or more facilities.

Near the separation tanks 11, usually in a station building or in an office, is a central unit 40 which comprises a radio receiver 41 for receiving the radio signals from the food units 20 inside the separation tank or tanks 11. The central unit 40 comprises a processor 42 which is arranged to extract and record the data message in each radio signal 24 received by the radio receiver 41, since each data message contains the unique identity of the sanding food unit 20, it appears from the data message to which separator the information in the data message threat is further processed. may be a server in which a database 44 is arranged to receive and store the information. The processor 42 may, for example, be arranged offset to transmit the information to the database 44 over the Internet 45 via a gateway 46.

In the data storage unit 43, which is preferably accessible via the Internet from ordinary computers or mobile telephones with web browsers, the agars / users of the separators 11 can study both history and current information about degree of filling, levels and temperature in the various separators 11, which information can be used for thus plan to empty the separators 11. 21 The food units 20 with their feed heads 30 inside the various separators 11, the central units 40 and the data storage unit 43 thus form a system for simple and automatic monitoring of the degree of filling, levels and temperature of the separators 11.

According to an earlier description of the central unit, the challenge is that Ora comparisons about the entered values are below or above boundaries, and whether the boundaries are below or exceeded for a longer period of time. If this is the case, alarms can be issued locally at the central unit 40 with sound and light signaling and closed relay outputs are closed for issuing alarms to third-party equipment. The processor 42 of the central unit 40 thus creates, with the aid of pre-programmed regulations as well as a multitude of level and time limit values, additional information to the operational information which comes in real time from the various food units 20.

Notice of operating condition of varying severity is also sent from the central unit 40, via gateway 46 to the Internet 45 to the data storage unit 43 for storage in the database 44. The data storage unit can, according to the individual customer's wishes, address one or more of the customer's mobile phones 48 with SMS message 47 about condition of importance to inform about.

Connection of one or more feed units 20 to one or more central units 40 as well as disconnection or switching can advantageously be done according to the method described in the Swedish patent 0601964-0. The system according to the invention can thus be given a hierarchical structure, but the Swedish patent 0601964-0 together with the invention is not limited to it but an arbitrary structure with elements of parallel transfer and parallel structure can be built.

The invention was described above on the basis of some specific embodiments. However, some embodiments and variants will be understood to fall within the scope of the invention. 22

Claims (10)

PATENT REQUIREMENTS A method for tar monitoring of levels inside one or more oil separators (11) or grease separators (11), characterized by the steps aft with a remote monitoring system, which scar monitoring system comprises one or more arranged food units (20), in or at each separator (11) levels shall be fed, one or more to each feed unit (20), connected (21) feed heads (30), a central unit (40) located adjacent to the separators (11), which feed unit (20) is fixed inside the separator (11) on a level which is above the maximum permissible water level (18) of the separator (11) or outside the separator (11) in close proximity to it and comprises: - an electrical supply circuit (26) for transmitting a pulse and amplifying and converting the amplitude of the received echo signals to a food value of electronically feedable quantity, a processor (28), a batten (22), a radio transmitter (23) and a pulse circuit (25), the food head (30) suspended above that of which its levels are to be fed, in comprises: - a pulse sensor (32) and - a pulse receiver (33), which pulse sensor (32) and pulse receiver (33) are mounted on a thin substrate, which has a pleated shape such as a fold propagation wave through the substrate from the pulse sensor (32) to the pulse receiver (33) is substantially longer than the shortest distance between the pulse emitter (32) and the pulse receiver (33), which method comprises a feeding step: the pulse circuit (25) at predetermined intervals initiates a feed sequence by sending an initiation signal to the processor (28) , which food sequence comprises the steps: aft the processor (28) brings the food circuit (26) to output a short pulse to the pulse emitter (32), the processor (28) then inputs echo signals picked up by the pulse receiver (33) and amplified by the food circuit (26), the processor (28), based on time and strength of the first received signal, which is not an echo, roughly determines the speed of sound, the processor (28) analyzes the variation of the received echo signal in time f Or to find maxima and minima, aft maxima with time since the pulse emitting on kfint set was enveloped to levels in a physical quantity and minima to turbidity in intermediate liquid, aft these levels daefler of the processor (28) digitally filtered in such a way a stable and reliable level is obtained which reflects the level of the jump layers identified, which further comprises a reporting step: the processor (28) initiates a reporting sequence, which comprises the steps: - the processor (28) compiles a data message, which includes it at the feed sequence the level value and a unique identification number for the food unit (20), 23 that the processor (28) energizes the radio transmitter (23) and sends the data message to the radio transmitter (23), that the radio transmitter (23) sends the data message as a radio signal (24) inside the oil separator ( 11) or the grease trap (11) so that the radio signal (24) protrudes from the trap (11) and reaches one or more c unit units (40), which still leads to the following receiving steps in the central unit (40): - the central unit (40) in its radio receiver (41) receives the radio signal (24), possibly projecting from inside an oil separator (11) or a grease separator ( 11), - that the processor (42) of the central unit (40) decodes the radio signal received by the radio receiver (41) into a data message containing the unique number of the food unit (20) and one or more level values in and connected to the respective center (30), - that the central unit In a display (49) the level value together with the unique identification item of the central unit (20) shows that the processor (42) compares the information just received with the boundary values stored in the processor (42) with associated time limits, then the central unit processor (42) creates escape information which reflects different operating permits inside the separator (11) based on the outcome of the comparison, as well as how long a value has been outside a spruce value, - if said jamming step leads to the detection of abnormal, abnormal or catastrophic operating conditions in the separator (11), then performs the following steps in the processor (42): causing the display (49) in the central unit to indicate the following: alarm condition, severity, (20) it is free which level or center (30) measures a remark value or abnormal or catastrophic level and, the mounted level value, to cause the central unit (40) to emit a selection of the following signals to attract attention: - light signal , - audible signal, - data message transmitted via radio containing information about the alarm, and - a relay connection that can be forwarded to third-party equipment. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote monitoring system comprises a feed head (30) arranged in such a way: that the feed head (30) is completely passive and does not need to be energized, that the free pulse emitter (32) transmits the pulse in the form of a card alcustic pulse is separated and shielded from, with its emitted mechanical shocks, high-frequency vibrations, sound waves or the like 24 1, influencing the reception of the echo of the emitted pulse in the pulse receiver (33) by arranging the feed head (30) by the substrate (in which 32) the saint pulse receiver (33) is fixed in such a manner that the thickness of the substrate is arranged to have a thickness which does not substantially exceed that required for the feed head (20) to obtain the required mechanical strength, and that said pleated shape of the substrate leads to: a loss of wagon energy out to the surrounding media in the folds, a steaming of the remaining wagon energy which after one fold continues in rikining towards the pulse receiver n (33), and further that the substrate may be a holder for vaginal propagation shielding (35), and that the arrangement of said vaginal propagation shield (35) is made so that the location is between the pulse sensor (32) and the pulse receiver (33) in the media surrounding the feeding head ( 30). A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reporting sequence with consequent reception of life comprises the steps: that the processor (28) when compiling a data message also includes a message number unique to the current data message, information about the battery voltage of the battery (22) and a cyclic checksum, that the processor (42) of the central unit (40), after receiving the radio signal (24) from the radio receiver (41), checks the cyclic checksum and the message number, and even if the checksum shows that the message is incorrect, the processor (42) ignores the message by inhibiting the following steps which involved processing information in the message, if the reported battery voltage of the feed unit (20) is law, the processor (42) creates information about this for delivery of land, even if the processor (42) of the central unit (40) for a long time does not bar received some messages with correct cyclic checkstunma from a certain food unit (20), so creates pr ocessom (42) information about the sale of messages from this particular food unit (20) for issuing alarms about delta. Method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that part of the information received by the central unit (40) transmitted in the data messages transmitted by Overfors via radio signal (24), subsequently in accordance with claim 1, created and added information on operating state, is processed. according to the steps: aft the central unit's processor (42) activates and addresses a possible gateway and router (46) tbr the next step, 1. that the central unit's processor (42) then forwards some of said information, via an intranet (45) or the Internet (45), to a data storage unit (43), the data storage unit (43) thereby undertakes to store the level value with any added information in a database (44), after which the data storage unit (43) analyzes newly stored information, and that if the information shows a field value, in addition or catastrophic operating conditions should be detected by the central unit (40), the following steps are also performed: 1the data storage unit (43) removes from its database (44) fr am pre-stored regulations that describe which persons with associated telephone numbers are to be notified of different & Orders depending on different operating conditions, and then the data storage unit (43) sends out selected information to the selected persons' mobile phones (48) as SMS messages (47). A method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the food sequence in the food unit (20) also comprises the following final steps: 1. of the processor (28) compared to the level value obtained in the current food sequence with a level value from the immediately preceding food sequence, aft only if the difference between said level values exceeds a predetermined level threshold value, then the processor (28) continues with the step of initiating a reporting sequence, in addition the processor (28) as a difference value calculates the difference between the level value obtained in the current food sequence and the level value as the processor (28 ) most recently introduced in a data message, aft only if the integral Over the difference values of the food sequences since the last reported data message Exceeds a predetermined level match, then the processor (28) continues with the step aft initiating a reporting sequence, in addition the processor (28) registers the elapsed time then a reporting sequence at the latest ini was processed, partly by the processor (28), if the said elapsed time exceeds a predetermined time limit value, initiates a timeout report based on the last entered level value, with the additional information from the report is just a timeout report meaning no change in the significant level value is reported. , but the feed unit (20) functions as it should and sends a report for the central unit (40)'s overflow of the transmission channel between the feed unit (20) and the central unit (40), since the above steps in the food unit (20) are supplemented with the usual reporting sequence This combination of reports issued per unit of time once per unit of time leads to a correction of the level limit value with the following steps: 2. if the number of reports issued during the most recent unit of time exceeds a setpoint for the production of reports per unit of time. the processor (42) makes an aiming of the level boundary with a lines fOrstagradsb type X * exceeding number, saint A on the other hand - even if the number of reports issued during the last time unit is less than a setpoint for the production of reports reported per unit of time 20, the processor (42) reduces the level limit value by one line * fdrstagradsberalming of type X * less than the number, saint aft fbrutom the above steps, which are dependent on changes in the levels (14, 15, 17 or 18) of the separator (11) or actions in the food unit (20) leading to timely initiated reports ( 24), then performs all central units (40) continuously continuously a comparison of last reported messages, with fob ande steps: 26 1aft fbr all food units (20), which must report to the current central unit (40), belt = time elapsed then a radio message (24) with the correct checksum was last received and, even if that time exceeds a time that a food unit is expected to communicate to Mom, that food unit (20) is marked as missing, and aft alarm message for this is issued as above, saint aft processor (42) compares all last reported level values with in the processor (42) previously stored level limit values with associated time limits saint, aft if a level value is outside a level limit value then the processor (42) calculates the time for how Lange the level value has been outside that limit, even if that time exceeds the time gain associated with the level limit value, the processor (42) emits an alarm to the level value according to the above-described steps for emitting signals calling attention to remark value, abnormal or catastrophic operating conditions. A method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by the step of the processor (28), after the feed sequence in case no reporting sequence is initiated, or otherwise after the aft reporting sequence has ended with the radio transmitter (23) sending out the radio signal (24). ), the radio transmitter (23), the food circuit (26), any temperature food circuit (29) finally saint itself (28) in a passive state of rest with non-existent power consumption from the battery (22). A system for pre-heating levels inside one or more oil separators (11) or grease traps (11) characterized by the system comprises: one or more arranged feeding units (20), in or at the separator (11) in which levels are to be fed, one or more several feed heads (30) connected to each feed unit (20), with cable (21), 1. a central unit (40) located adjacent to the separators (11), which feed unit (20) is fixed inside the separator (11) on a level which is above the maximum trust of the water level (18) above the separator (11) or outside the separator (11) in close proximity to it and comprises: one or more feed heads (30) connected to the food unit (20) by cable (21), above or lowered in the contents of the separator, mainly different watering cans, with the structure and composition of the feed head (30) so that the feed head (30) is completely passive, it has a design so that the emitted pulse does not affect the reception of the echo and the emitted pulse, and an electrical circuit (26) too amplified converting the weak echo signals into an electrical voltage which can be supplied by the processor (28), - a processor (28), - a bat i (22), - a radio transmitter (23) and a pulse circuit (25), which one or more feed heads (30) comprise: - a pulse sensor (32) and - a pulse receiver (33), which pulse sensor (32) and pulse receiver (33) are mounted on a thin substrate, which has a pleated shape so that a wave propagation wave through the substrate the pulse emitter (32) of the pulse receiver (33) is substantially longer than the shortest distance between the pulse emitter (32) and the pulse receiver (33), which pulse circuit (25) is arranged to initiate a level feed at predetermined intervals by sending an initiation signal to the processor (28). ), which processor (28) is arranged to cause the supply circuit (26) to send an extremely short pulse to the pulse sensor (32), and that the processor (28) is programmed to then capture the weak echo signals from the pulse receiver (33), amplified by the food circuit (2 6), saint in these echo signals identify maxima and minima in time, after which elapsed time since the pulse emits Palmas to a level expressed in a physical quantity for unit of length and that then this depleted level is filtered in such a way that one or more stable and reliable levels obtained which reflects levels in the material present under the feed head (30), which processor (28) is programmed to perform a report, which the processor (28) compiles into the following contents and transmits with arranged radio transmitter (23): that the processor (28) is programmed to compile a data message, which includes the level value obtained at the food sequence and an identification number for the food unit (20), - that the processor (28) is programmed to then energize the radio transmitter (23) and send the data message to the radio transmitter (23), - at the radio transmitter (23) is arranged to send the data message as a radio signal (24), possibly, depending on the location of the feed unit (20). g, inside the oil separator (11) or the grease separator (11) in salt so that the radio signal (24) protrudes from the separator (11), where the radio signal (24) reaches one or more central units (40), which central unit (40) is arranged to receive by: that the central unit (40) is arranged to contain a radio receiver (41) intended to receive the radio signal (24), possibly projecting from within an oil separator (11) or a grease separator (11), that the central unit (40) processor (42) is programmed to decode the radio signal received by the radio receiver (41) into a data message containing the unique number of the feed unit (20) and one or more levels from and connected to the respective feed head (30), that the central unit is provided with a display (49). ) which shows the level value together with the unique identification number of the food unit (20), that the processor (42) is programmed to compare the information just received with the pivot values stored in the memory of the processor (42) with the corresponding time limits, as well as depending on the outcome of the comparison, saint how long a value has been outside a review value, say the central unit's processor (42) is programmed to create escape information that reflects different operating conditions inside the separator (11), and if said comparison leads to detect any abnormal or catastrophic operating conditions in the separator (11), the processor is programmed to: - in an arranged display (49) in the central unit indicate the following: - that the alarm condition is riding and, 28 1 severity and, 2. which separator or feeding unit (20) having the abnormal state of saint, which level or feed head (30) feeds a remark value or abnormal or catastrophic level and, the radiating level value saint, activates the following signaling equipment arranged in the central unit (40) to attract attention: light signal, sound signal , data message sent via radio containing information about the alarm, as well as a relation to its closing contact r can be connected to third-party equipment, and further af the central unit (40) by programming the central unit (40) processor (42) is arranged aft at all times continuously Ora a comparison of last reported messages, with the following steps: aft for all food units (20), who must report to the relevant central unit (40), calculate the time that has elapsed since a radio message (24) with the correct checksum was last received and, if that time exceeds a time within which a food unit is expected to communicate, then the food unit (20) is marked absence, as well as an alarm message for this is issued as above, saint to compare all recently reported level values with the level limit values previously stored in the processor (42) with associated time limits and, - if a level value is outside a level value value, the time for how long the level value has been outside is calculated. that limit, and - even if that time exceeds the time limit associated with the level limit value said by is given a lann for the level standard according to the steps described above for issuing an attention signal about a remarkably black, abnormal or catastrophic operating condition. System according to claim 7, characterized by the feeding unit (20) which has a cable (21) connected to the feeding head (30) where these three units are arranged as follows: - the battery (22) is fully integrated, protected from normal occurrence and inaccessible, - because the battery (22) is permanently connected in a way that makes special tools must be used to remove the connections and even loose contact under no circumstances during the life of the unit (20) can occur, because no contact or switch companies can connect, stop or cut off the power from the built-in battery (22) to the heart rate circuit (25), the cable (21) is permanently attached inside the supply unit (20) and permanently connected to the supply circuit (26), the cable (21) is permanently attached to the feed head (30) and permanently connected by soldering, crimp connection or the like to the electrically conductive parts of the feed head (30), so that the feed unit (20) is connected to the cable (21) which in turn takes tied with the food head (30) on a side set because they can not be taken ice without being selected and such large forces are used by the 29 1fcirstor equipment's possibilities to continue to function, and even if some function and slculle remain, fciling conditions will not exceeded: food spamming exposed to the vicinity of bare uninsulated cable components on a broken cable (21) is under no circumstances so high that an explosive atmosphere can ignite, current that can flow in or out of cable (21) as a result of it being short-circuited Under no circumstances can heat evolution arise which causes an explosive atmosphere to ignite, the electrical energy stored by capacitances in the feed unit (20), the cable (21) or the feed head (30) is charged with voltage can under no circumstances be so large as a discharge of that energy in the event of damage to any of the three named units can cause an explosive atmosphere to ignite, the elect risk energy stored by inductances in the feed unit (20), the cable (21) or the feed head (30) is charged with flowing current. In the event of damage to any of the three units mentioned, under no circumstances can it be so great as a discharge of that energy through spark formation when the current is interrupted can ignite an explosive atmosphere, a cable for external power supply is neither required nor even can be connected, an electrical connection for ground potential equalization is neither needed nor can be connected and the entire outer surface of the three connected components is of material of low conductivity, - of the greater part of the outside has & Man nature of the conductivity is less than 1 GOhm, - of connection to cable or network for delivery of food is neither necessary nor can be done, since the encapsulation of the food unit (20) is filled with a grout so that there is no internal annulus in the food unit, and that this grout also encloses the battery (22), the interior of the battery is protected by three minimum barriers of different nature such as: - stainless steel, - rubber or elastic polymer, saint - impact-resistant plastic, or with any or other barriers, equivalent or better than the three barriers listed above , since the encapsulation of the food unit is made laterally because it is hermetically sealed and cannot be divided or opened, unless it is greatly disturbed by the circuits inside the food unit (20); the batten (22), pulse circuit (25), processor (28), radio transmitter (23), the temperature night circuit (29) on the side fumes and the food circuit (26) are connected in a so-called intrinsic manner meaning that neither spamming, currents or heat generation can occur. since an explosion can be initiated, since no hot surfaces can arise on any part regardless of malfunction, by intended handling or reasonably incorrect handling, and likewise the invention can not be caused to become an ignition source, 1ddr all the above, in this claim number 8, listed The aim of the invention is to obtain a summary jug according to the following: according to the three joined parts of the invention, the feeding unit (20) which has a connected feeding head (30) with cable (21) are thus arranged as having a property called "simple product" which is simple in its construction and operation and has no risk of ignition of a surrounding explosive gas because it does not have to undergo a so-called EX-cla This refers to the definition of so-called "simple products" which are not covered by Directive 94/9 / EC, where the meaning of "simple products" is described in more detail in the Directive, specifically in section 5.2.1. In summary, no hot surfaces, sparks, voltages or currents can arise in any part regardless of malfunction, through intended handling or reasonably incorrect handling, as well as the invention can not be made to become an ignition source. System according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by the feed unit (20) having one or more fastening devices (27) consisting of the magnetic fastener for easy fastening against a fuel cap set of cast iron (12) or against other magnetically present in or at the separator (11). fdremil, and these fastening devices (27) are designed in such a way that they can simultaneously serve as suspension of one or more cables (21) so that one or more feed heads (30) can be easily arranged at the desired height inside the separator and also easily can be adjusted in height. Method according to claims 1-6, characterized by the steps of a feeding system according to the above claim, with a central unit (40) arranged so that in the memory of its processor (42) it has several boundaries for levels with associated time limits, according to the task of feeding, detecting and then paying attention to several mutually independent operating parameters with a single location of a food head (30), comprising: on the one hand the location (30b) as follows: of a food head (30b) arranged with a floating body resting on the surface (17 ) of accumulated oil or fat, silunda aft the food unit (20b) is arranged aft to deliver the middle of the thickness of the oil or fat layer (16) saint nivin to the bottom sedimented sludge (13), aft the equipment also comprises methods or is arranged aft report eco-minima as a sludge (13) accumulated in the middle of the turbidity of the water between the spruce layer (14) and at the bottom, which method for the location (30b) comprises the following steps: by the central unit (40) processor (42) ) for foodstuffs received with level and time limits programmed into the process for all of the following conditions: - accumulated oil or fat layer (16) thickness, - turbidity in the water between the fat layer (16) and the sludge (13), - level in the amount of sludge (13) in the separator, partly the location (30c) on the salt: after a feed head (30c) is arranged aft htinga below the accumulated oil or fat layer (16) but above the sludge sedimented at the bottom (13), then off the feed unit (20c) emits a level of the sludge (13) and a center of turbidity in the water between the feed head (30c) and the sludge (13), which method of placement (30c) comprises the following steps: that the processor (42) of the central unit (40) ) compares the food values received with the level and time limits programmed into the process, given all the following conditions: - the turbidity of the water between the food head (30c) and the sludge (13), - the level of the sludge (13) in the separator, and the location (30a) in this way aft eft food head (30a) is arranged that in laterally hang inside the separator (11) above a place where the water level represents the so-called static level (15) whose level during normal operation in the separation process is determined by the defrosting height of the outlet (19), and - that the feed head (30a) is suspended at such a height that it is higher than the level at which alarms before dusting are to be emitted (18), which procedure before the placement (30a) comprises the following steps: after the placement according to (30a) above of the feed head, a first manual step is made to calibrate the height placement of the feed head ( 30a) in the high degree of knowledge is obtained as to which level minimum value in the separator (11) corresponds to the static level (15) when the function is correct in the separator, where that level value can have an arbitrary millimeter value, so that the level value is still called zero level to bring unambiguity in the description of the following steps: Then the processor (42) repeatedly performs the step of comparing the last reported level with the calibrated state level (15) under normal operating conditions, and if the level is below zero, the processor (42) performs the steps: that when the last received level value below zero is processed by the central unit (40), it is compared by the central unit (40)'s processor (42) with i the processor programmed level limits with associated time limits which in practice constitute a limit for lacquer speed, in order to determine whether an attention signal is to be emitted, and that if one or more limits are exceeded with a decreasing level downAt, that an attention signal or an alarm is issued by the processor (42) aft indicate "lackage", and otherwise, if than is Over zero level then perform the processor (42) steps: that when the last received level value Over zero level is processed by the central unit (40) then it is compared by the central unit (40) processor (42) with one or several programmed borders may be dusted (18) to determine whether an alert signal or an alarm should be issued, and that if one or more gamers with the the time limits are exceeded, that an alert signal or an alarm be issued by the processor (42) to indicate "Standing dusting" or "dusting", and finally some final steps, galling all the placements (30b, 30c, and 30a) where the following the steps are only performed if flakes or some boundaries comparable in steps according to the above in this claim have been exceeded, where the following steps include: - that the processor (42) supplements the food information with information from the level limits whether , 32 1that the processor (42) causes the central unit (40) to emit local attention signals with light, sound, radio and relay signals, where the choice of signaling is controlled by information belonging to the level limit exceeded, - aft attention signals according to the preceding step is given, then perform the process (42) also the step aft arrange aft the same information is sent to In a higher data storage unit (43) leading to the data storage unit stores the information in its database (44) then a possible forwarding by SMS (47) to one or more mobile phones (48), where such forwarding is controlled in the database (44) in advance stored data. 20 25 30 33