SE524934C2 - Electrical connection to ceramic sealing jaw and way of making said connection - Google Patents

Electrical connection to ceramic sealing jaw and way of making said connection

Info

Publication number
SE524934C2
SE524934C2 SE0203367A SE0203367A SE524934C2 SE 524934 C2 SE524934 C2 SE 524934C2 SE 0203367 A SE0203367 A SE 0203367A SE 0203367 A SE0203367 A SE 0203367A SE 524934 C2 SE524934 C2 SE 524934C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
conductor
electrical
ceramic
electrical connection
connection
Prior art date
Application number
SE0203367A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE0203367L (en
SE0203367D0 (en
Inventor
Hans Selberg
Claes Ingvert
Bjoern Boeckerman
Tommy Nilsson
Original Assignee
Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance filed Critical Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance
Priority to SE0203367A priority Critical patent/SE524934C2/en
Publication of SE0203367D0 publication Critical patent/SE0203367D0/en
Priority to CNB2003801030396A priority patent/CN100393670C/en
Priority to AU2003276800A priority patent/AU2003276800A1/en
Priority to PCT/SE2003/001735 priority patent/WO2004043877A1/en
Publication of SE0203367L publication Critical patent/SE0203367L/en
Publication of SE524934C2 publication Critical patent/SE524934C2/en
Priority to CO05043078A priority patent/CO5650159A2/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C04B35/58071—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides based on titanium borides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/224—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/225—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a coating or being printed, e.g. being applied as a paint or forming a printed circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/228—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8188—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81881—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
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    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91655—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
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    • B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
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    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
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    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/40—Metallic
    • C04B2237/408—Noble metals, e.g. palladium, platina or silver

Abstract

The disclosure relates to an electric connection for an electrically conductive ceramic part (4a, 4b) such as a sealing jaw. A first electric conductor (7a, 7b) is united with a portion of the electrically conductive ceramics (4a, 4b) by means of a foil (12) which has metallized said portion of the electrically conductive ceramics (4a, 4b) and fused together said portion with the electric conductor (7a, 7b). The disclosure further describes a method of producing such a connection.

Description

25 30 35 .n a»- 524 954 2 i förseglingsbackarna vid förpackningsmaskiner utgöres av värmebackar med tunna metallband anordnade pà ett på en stàlskena anordnat isolerande keramiskt material. Vid förseglingstillfället slutes förseglingsbackarna med stor presskratt så att de mellan sig upptar det material som skall förseglas, varefter en kort strömpuls ledes genom de nämnda metalliska banden som momentant uppvärmes till hög temperatur. Den i de metalliska banden genererade värmen ledes över till förpackningsmaterialet och de mot varandra vända termoplastiska skikten bringas att sammansmälta. Strömpulsen avbrytes då tillräcklig värmemängd genererats, varefter förseglingsbackarna öppnas och det förseglade materialet frilägges. 5 30 954 2 in the sealing jaws of packaging machines consist of heating jaws with thin metal strips arranged on an insulating ceramic material arranged on a steel rail. At the time of sealing, the sealing jaws are closed with a large press laugh so that they absorb the material to be sealed between them, after which a short current pulse is passed through the said metallic bands which are momentarily heated to a high temperature. The heat generated in the metallic strips is transferred to the packaging material and the thermoplastic layers facing each other are caused to fuse together. The current pulse is interrupted when a sufficient amount of heat has been generated, after which the sealing jaws are opened and the sealed material is exposed.

Såsom bland annat beskrivs i US-A-5 682 732 och EP ansökan nr 01108745.9 så har man på senare tid börjat använda förseglingsbackar som består av en värmeskena som består av ett elektriskt ledande keramiskt material inbäddad i en stomme som består av ett elektriskt isolerande keramiskt material.As described, inter alia, in US-A-5 682 732 and EP application no. 01108745.9, sealing jaws consisting of a heating rail consisting of an electrically conductive ceramic material embedded in a frame consisting of an electrically insulating ceramic material.

Med förseglingsbackar av detta slag finns det fler möjligheter att utforma förseglingszonen till olika geometriska former. Vidare kan man också, genom att välja material med ungefär densamma längdutvidningskoefficient, minska termiskt beroende mekaniska laster som annars härrör från de ingående komponenternas olika temperaturlängdutvidningskoeffioienter. l EP ansökan nr 01108745.9 beskrivs hur man kan utforma de i förseglingsbacken ingående elektriskt ledande respektive elektriskt isolerande komponenterna för att bland annat underlätta tillverkning och sammanmonteringen. I skriften diskuteras vidare kylningen av värmebackarna.With sealing jaws of this kind, there are more possibilities to design the sealing zone into different geometric shapes. Furthermore, by choosing materials with approximately the same length expansion coefficient, it is also possible to reduce thermally dependent mechanical loads which otherwise originate from the different temperature length expansion coefficients of the constituent components. EP application no. 01108745.9 describes how the electrically conductive and electrically insulating components included in the sealing jaw can be designed to, among other things, facilitate manufacture and assembly. The publication further discusses the cooling of the heating jaws.

Såsom beskrivs i US-A-5,682,732 kan man för att förbättra keramytans elektriska ledningsförmàga lokalt genom att metallisera ytan. Detta gör man exempelvis vid de ställen där en elektrisk ledare för Strömtillförsel skall anslutas till keramen medelst en konventionell klämkoppling i vilken ledaren kläms mot den metalliserade ytan. Det har dock visat sig att i vissa konstruktioner blir övergångsresistansen i denna anslutning i samma storleksordning som den totala resistansen i värmeskenan. Dessutom har det visat sig att i vissa konstruktioner där anslutningen befinner sig i en fuktig miljö drabbas denna av korrosionsskador. Denna korrosionssituation förvärras än mer av att de material som används har höga elektrokemiska potentialer vilket gör att anslutningen utsätts för kraftig galvanisk korrosion.As described in US-A-5,682,732, to improve the electrical conductivity of the ceramic surface locally by metallizing the surface. This is done, for example, at the places where an electrical conductor for current supply is to be connected to the ceramic by means of a conventional clamping connection in which the conductor is clamped against the metallized surface. However, it has been found that in some constructions the transition resistance in this connection is of the same order of magnitude as the total resistance in the heating rail. In addition, it has been found that in some constructions where the connection is in a humid environment, it suffers from corrosion damage. This corrosion situation is further aggravated by the fact that the materials used have high electrochemical potentials, which means that the connection is exposed to severe galvanic corrosion.

Det finns således ett behov att åstadkomma en lösning på ovannämnda problem avseende anslutningen mellan den elektriska ledaren för strömtillförsel och den elektriskt ledande keramen. 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 934 3 SAMMANFATTNING AV UPPFINNINGEN Ovannämnda behov har i enlighet med uppfinningen lösts medelst en anslutning av inledningsvis angivet slag som givits det kännetecknande särdraget att en elektrisk ledare är sammanfogad med ett parti av den elektrisk ledande keramen medelst en folie som metalliserat nämnda parti av den elektriskt ledande keramen och svetsat samman nämnda parti med den elektriska ledaren.Thus, there is a need to provide a solution to the above-mentioned problems regarding the connection between the electrical conductor for power supply and the electrically conductive ceramic. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the invention, the above needs have been solved by means of a connection of the kind initially indicated which is given the characteristic feature that an electrical conductor is joined to a portion of the electrically conductive ceramic by means of a foil which metallized said portion of the electrically conductive ceramic and welded said portion with the electrical conductor.

På detta sätt har man utformat anslutningen så att den som en fast enhet ansluter till den keramiska kroppen utan att några lösa delar måste klämmas fast.In this way, the connection has been designed so that it as a fixed unit connects to the ceramic body without any loose parts having to be clamped.

Den som en fast enhet utformade elektriska anslutningen medför vidare fördelar vad avser kraftigt minskade övergångsresistanser och kraftigt minskad korrosionskänslighet. Vid en anslutning mellan två sammanklämda komponenter bildar den smala spalten som oundvikligen bildas ett idealiskt utrymme för så kallad spaltkorrosion. Dessutom gör korrosionen att spalten öppnar sig allt mer och övergångsresistansen blir därigenom allt större. Dessa problem undviks således medelst den uppfinningsenliga elektriska anslutningen.The electrical connection designed as a fixed unit also entails advantages in terms of greatly reduced transition resistances and greatly reduced corrosion sensitivity. In a connection between two clamped components, the narrow gap which inevitably forms forms an ideal space for so-called gap corrosion. In addition, the corrosion causes the gap to open more and more and the transition resistance thus becomes greater. These problems are thus avoided by means of the electrical connection according to the invention.

Föredragna utföringsformer framgår av de underordnade patentkraven.Preferred embodiments appear from the dependent claims.

Enligt en föredragen utföringsform är den elektriska anslutningen inkapslad i ett elektriskt isolerande material som erbjuder ett korrosionsskydd. På detta sätt kan man hålla eventuell elektrolytbildande väta borta från anslutningen och därmed minskar man eventuell galvanisk korrosion från att skada anslutningen. Genom att anslutningen är utformad i ett integrerat stycke kan man trycka in det isolerande materialet i en kåpa som täcker anslutningen utan att riskera att detta tränger in mellan kontaktytorna.According to a preferred embodiment, the electrical connection is encapsulated in an electrically insulating material which offers a corrosion protection. In this way, any electrolyte-forming moisture can be kept away from the connection, thereby reducing any galvanic corrosion from damaging the connection. Because the connection is formed in an integrated piece, the insulating material can be pressed into a housing that covers the connection without the risk of this penetrating between the contact surfaces.

Med fördel är den första ledaren är framställd av en metall som är vald från den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa, för att ge de önskade elektriska egenskaperna.Advantageously, the first conductor is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof, to provide the desired electrical properties.

Med fördel underlättas sammanfogningen av att folien är framställd av en metall som är vald från den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa. Det har visat sig att en sådan folie har positiva egenskaper vad avser vidhåftning och metallisering både mot den keramiska ytan och mot den metalliska ytan hos ledaren.Advantageously, the joining is facilitated by the fact that the foil is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof. It has been found that such a foil has positive properties in terms of adhesion and metallization both against the ceramic surface and against the metallic surface of the conductor.

Ovannämnda ändamål har också uppnåtts medelst ett sätt att åstadkomma en elektrisk anslutning mellan en elektriskt ledande keramisk detalj hos en förseglingsback, och en elektrisk ledare, omfattande åtgärderna: att på en keramisk yta anordna en metalliseringsfolie för åstadkommande av en metalliserad yta, att anordna en elektrisk ledare i kontakt med metalliseringsfolien, och att utsätta metalliseringsfolien för värme så att denna metallierar keramytan och sammanfogar denna med den elektriska ledaren. 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 4 På detta sätt erhåller man en elektrisk anslutning av det slag som beskrivits ovan och som har de fördelar som omnämnts i samband med beskrivningen av den elektriska anslutningen som sådan.The above object has also been achieved by a method of providing an electrical connection between an electrically conductive ceramic part of a sealing jaw, and an electrical conductor, comprising the steps of: arranging on a ceramic surface a metallization foil to provide a metallized surface, arranging an electrical conductor in contact with the metallization foil, and exposing the metallization foil to heat so that it metallizes the ceramic surface and joins it to the electrical conductor. 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 4 In this way, an electrical connection of the type described above is obtained and which has the advantages mentioned in connection with the description of the electrical connection as such.

Föredragna utföringsformer framgår av de underordnade patentkraven.Preferred embodiments appear from the dependent claims.

Enligt en föredragen utföringsform utsätts metalliseringsfolien för värme under det att den samtidigt utsätts för ett kraftigt undertryck, såsom i en vakuumkammare eller liknande. Detta görs för att man skall undvika att foliematerialet reagerar med syre och andra komponenter i luften. Den på detta sätt åstadkomna elektriska anslutningen är mekaniskt stark och kan användas vid höga drifttemperaturer; uppemot 600-700°C.According to a preferred embodiment, the metallization foil is exposed to heat while at the same time being subjected to a strong negative pressure, such as in a vacuum chamber or the like. This is done to prevent the foil material from reacting with oxygen and other components in the air. The electrical connection made in this way is mechanically strong and can be used at high operating temperatures; up to 600-700 ° C.

KORT BESKRIVNING AV RITNINGARNA Uppfinningen kommer att beskrivas närmare i det följande under hänvisning till bifogade schematiska ritningar som i exemplifierande syfte visar en för närvarande föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings which, by way of example, show a presently preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig 1 visar en principskiss av en förseglingsback.Fig. 1 shows a principle sketch of a sealing jaw.

Fig 2 visar en förseglingsback enligt en föredragen utföringsform sedd rakt från sidan.Fig. 2 shows a sealing jaw according to a preferred embodiment seen straight from the side.

Fig 3 visar den ifig 2 visade förseglingsbacken sedd rakt framifrån.Fig. 3 shows the sealing jaw shown in Fig. 2 seen straight from the front.

Fig 4 visar i perspektiv en ände av den i fig 2 och fig 3 visade förseglingsbacken.Fig. 4 shows in perspective one end of the sealing jaw shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.

DETALJERAD BESKRIVNING AV EN FÖREDRAGEN UTFÖRINGSFORM Såsom schematiskt framgår av fig 1 omfattar förseglingsbacken en stomme 1 av exempelvis aluminium i vilken det finns kylkanaler 2a, 2b för kontinuerligt eller intermittent genomflöde av ett kylmedium.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As schematically shown in Fig. 1, the sealing jaw comprises a body 1 of, for example, aluminum in which there are cooling channels 2a, 2b for continuous or intermittent flow of a cooling medium.

I stommen 1 finns det vidare keramiska stavar 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b som sträcker sig utmed förseglingsbackens längdriktning A (se fig 1 och fig 3) i spår Sa, 5b i stommen 1. Dessa keramiska stavar består av en elektriskt isolerande keram 3a, 3b och en elektriskt ledande keram 4a, 4b som av den isolerande keramen 3a, 3b isoleras elektriskt från övriga komponenter i förseglingsbacken och dess omgivning.In the frame 1 there are further ceramic rods 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b which extend along the longitudinal direction A of the sealing jaw (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) in grooves Sa, 5b in the frame 1. These ceramic rods consist of an electrically insulating ceramic 3a, 3b and an electrically conductive ceramic 4a, 4b which is electrically insulated by the insulating ceramic 3a, 3b from other components in the sealing jaw and its surroundings.

I fig 1 visas också schematiskt en långsträckt urtagning 6 som är avsedd att mottaga en kniv eller liknande vid användning av förseglingsbacken i en förpackningsmaskin.Fig. 1 also schematically shows an elongate recess 6 which is intended to receive a knife or the like when using the sealing jaw in a packaging machine.

I fig 2-4 visas en föredragen utföringsform där ett helt stycke 3 av ett elektrisk isolerande kerammaterial uppbär två långsträckta stavar 4a, 4b av ett elektriskt ledande kerammaterial. Exempelvis kan man som elektriskt isolerande 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 5 material använda en blandning av zirkoniumdioxid (ZrOg) och kiselkarbid (SiC) och som elektriskt ledande material använda en blandning av titanborid (TiBz) och kiselkarbid (SiC). l det isolerande materialet utgör ZrO2 i storleksordningen 10 till 50 volymprocent, företrädesvis 20 till 40 volymprocent, och allra helst ungefär 30 volymprocent. I det ledande materialet utgör TiB2 i storleksordningen 20 till 60 volymprocent, företrädesvis 35 till 55 volymprocent, och allra helst ungefär 45 volymprocent.Figures 2-4 show a preferred embodiment in which an entire piece 3 of an electrically insulating ceramic material carries two elongate rods 4a, 4b of an electrically conductive ceramic material. For example, a mixture of zirconia (ZrOg) and silicon carbide (SiC) can be used as the electrically insulating material and a mixture of titanium boride (TiBz) and silicon carbide (SiC) can be used as the electrically conductive material. In the insulating material, ZrO 2 is in the order of 10 to 50% by volume, preferably 20 to 40% by volume, and most preferably about 30% by volume. In the conductive material, TiB2 is in the order of 20 to 60% by volume, preferably 35 to 55% by volume, and most preferably about 45% by volume.

Vid ändarna är stavarna 4a, 4b av det elektriskt ledande materialet anordnade att anslutas till en strömkälla via vilken en elektrisk ström är avsedd att tillföras stavarna 4a, 4b för uppvärmning av dessa. Anslutningarna (se fig 4) omfattar två bleck 7a, 7b av silver eller någon silverlegering, en fastspänningshylsa 8 som är anordnad att medelst en skruv 9 spännas mot en nedre insats 10 och därigenom mekaniskt avlasta strömanslutningen, samt en kraftigare, andra elektrisk ledare 11 till vilken silverblecken 7a 7b hàrdlödas och vilken är anordnad att anslutas till ovannämnda strömkälla. Den andra elektriska ledaren 11 är framställd av en silverlegering eller någon annan metall med låg resistivitet, såsom silveröverdragen koppar eller liknande. Fastspänningshylsan 8 och den nedre insatsen 10 är framställda av ett elektriskt isolerande polymermaterial, såsom olika plaster, silikon eller liknande. Dessa typer av material har dessutom en viss flexibilitet som gör att de kan ta upp vissa rörelser i anslutningen utan skada kontakterna.At the ends, the rods 4a, 4b of the electrically conductive material are arranged to be connected to a current source via which an electric current is intended to be supplied to the rods 4a, 4b for heating them. The connections (see Fig. 4) comprise two plates 7a, 7b of silver or some silver alloy, a clamping sleeve 8 which is arranged to be clamped against a lower insert 10 by means of a screw 9 and thereby mechanically relieve the current connection, and a more powerful, second electrical conductor 11 to which the silver plate 7a 7b is brazed and which is arranged to be connected to the above-mentioned current source. The second electrical conductor 11 is made of a silver alloy or other metal with low resistivity, such as silver-plated copper or the like. The clamping sleeve 8 and the lower insert 10 are made of an electrically insulating polymeric material, such as various plastics, silicone or the like. These types of materials also have a certain flexibility that allows them to absorb certain movements in the connection without damaging the contacts.

För att säkerställa att kontaktresistansen mellan kontaktblecken 7a, 7b och keramen 4a, 4b är så låg som möjligt metalliseras eller pläteras det keramiska materialet 4a, 4b vid de ställen som silverblecken 7a, 7b skall anslutas till kerammaterialet 4a, 4b. Denna plätering görs vid ca 700-800°C vid kraftigt vakuum (ca 106 mbar) för att bland annat undvika reaktioner med syre.To ensure that the contact resistance between the contact plates 7a, 7b and the ceramic 4a, 4b is as low as possible, the ceramic material 4a, 4b is metallized or plated at the places where the silver plates 7a, 7b are to be connected to the ceramic material 4a, 4b. This plating is done at about 700-800 ° C at high vacuum (about 106 mbar) to avoid reactions with oxygen, among other things.

Pläteringen görs medelst ett tunt, folieformat, Ag/Cu/Ti-baserat lod 12.The plating is done by means of a thin, foil-shaped, Ag / Cu / Ti-based solder 12.

Genom att kontaktblecken 7a, 7b hålls mot anslutningsytan hos kerammaterialet 4a, 4b i samband med denna plätering kommer kontaktblecken 7a, 7b att lödas eller svetsas samman med den pläterade ytan och därigenom bilda en anslutning som är utformad i ett stycke. Det valda Iodet 12 har en god vätningsförmäga mot keramytan och en god vidhäftningsförmäga mot kontaktblecken 7a, 7b.By holding the contact plates 7a, 7b against the connecting surface of the ceramic material 4a, 4b in connection with this plating, the contact plates 7a, 7b will be soldered or welded together with the plated surface and thereby form a connection which is formed in one piece. The selected iodine 12 has a good wetting ability against the ceramic surface and a good adhesion against the contact plates 7a, 7b.

Genom att på detta sätt framställa en elektrisk anslutning som omfattar de keramiska stavarna 4a, 4b, kontaktblecken 7a, 7b och Iodet 12 som metalliserar keramytan och svetsar kontaktblecken 7a, 7b mot den keramiska ytan har man åstadkommit en hel enhet som därefter kan skyddas mot fukt och annat som ökar risken för korrosionsskador. 10 15 20 25 30 524 95% 1 fy 6 Exempelvis kan man tillföra silikon, fett eller något annat isolerande material till utrymmet under fastspänningshylsan 8 för att förhindrar att väta tränger in och orsakar korrosionsskador. Eftersom det inte finns någon spalt eller liknande mellan den elektriska ledaren 7a, 7b och den metalliserade ytan på den keramiska staven 4a, 4b finns det inte någon nämnvärd risk att detta isolerande material kommer att påverka den elektriska anslutningens kvalitet. I tidigare konstruktioner med klämanslutningar har det inte varit lämpligt att tillföra något sådant isolerande material eftersom detta då riskerar att öppna spalten och tränga in mellan blecken och därmed påverka anslutningens kvalitet negativt.By producing in this way an electrical connection comprising the ceramic rods 4a, 4b, the contact plates 7a, 7b and the iodine 12 which metallizes the ceramic surface and welds the contact plates 7a, 7b to the ceramic surface, an entire unit has been provided which can then be protected from moisture. and other things that increase the risk of corrosion damage. 10 15 20 25 30 524 95% 1 fy 6 For example, silicone, grease or any other insulating material can be added to the space under the clamping sleeve 8 to prevent moisture from penetrating and causing corrosion damage. Since there is no gap or the like between the electrical conductor 7a, 7b and the metallized surface of the ceramic rod 4a, 4b, there is no appreciable risk that this insulating material will affect the quality of the electrical connection. In previous constructions with clamp connections, it has not been suitable to add such an insulating material as this then risks opening the gap and penetrating between the sheets and thereby adversely affecting the quality of the connection.

Framförallt är detta ett problem när man använder material som har en relativt låg mekanisk hällfasthet och som därför inte kan klämmas samman med någon större kraft.This is especially a problem when using materials which have a relatively low mechanical strength and which therefore cannot be squeezed together with any major force.

Genom att separera anslutningen mellan den keramiska staven 4a, 4b och den första elektriska ledaren 7a, 7b från anslutningen mellan den första elektriska ledaren 7a, 7b och den vidarekopplade anslutningen 11 kan man utforma den första kontakten på ett optimalt sett i förhållande till dennas omständigheter och den andra kontakten optimalt i förhållande till dennas omständigheter. Eftersom den första kontakten åstadkommits på det uppfinningsenliga sättet direkt vid metalliseringen av keramen kan denna utsättas för relativt höga temperaturer utan att ta skada. Detta gör att man exempelvis kan använda hårdlödning till den andra kontakten utan att riskera att den första kontakten skadas.By separating the connection between the ceramic rod 4a, 4b and the first electrical conductor 7a, 7b from the connection between the first electrical conductor 7a, 7b and the forwarded connection 11, the first contact can be designed in an optimal way in relation to its circumstances and the other contact optimally in relation to its circumstances. Since the first contact has been made in the manner according to the invention directly during the metallization of the ceramic, it can be exposed to relatively high temperatures without being damaged. This means that you can, for example, use brazing for the second contact without risking the first contact being damaged.

Det inses att en mängd modifieringar av de häri beskrivna utföringsformerna av uppfinningen är möjliga inom ramen för uppfinningen, vilken definieras i de efterföljande patentkraven.It will be appreciated that a variety of modifications of the embodiments of the invention described herein are possible within the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.

Exempelvis kan man utforma kåpan som omger anslutning på ett stort antal olika sätt så länge som den täcker anslutning i tillräckligt stor utsträckning och kvarhåller det korrosionsskyddande materialet kring anslutningen.For example, the cover surrounding the connection can be designed in a large number of different ways as long as it covers the connection to a sufficient extent and retains the corrosion-protective material around the connection.

Vidare kan man tänka sig andra koncentrationer av de i keramerna ingående komponenterna. Man kan också tänka sig att använda andra keramiska material med motsvarande elektriska egenskaper.Furthermore, other concentrations of the components included in the ceramics are conceivable. It is also conceivable to use other ceramic materials with corresponding electrical properties.

Claims (19)

10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 KRAV10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 KRAV 1. Elektrisk anslutning till en elektriskt ledande keramisk detalj hos en förseglingsback, kännetecknad av att en första elektrisk ledare (7a, 7b) är sammanfogad med ett parti (4a, 4b) av den elektriskt ledande keramen (4) medelst en folie (12) som metalliserat nämnda parti (4a, 4b) av den elektriskt ledande keramen (4) och svetsat samman nämnda parti (4a, 4b) med den elektriska ledaren (7a, 7b).Electrical connection to an electrically conductive ceramic part of a sealing jaw, characterized in that a first electrical conductor (7a, 7b) is joined to a portion (4a, 4b) of the electrically conductive ceramic (4) by means of a foil (12) as metallized said portion (4a, 4b) of the electrically conductive ceramic (4) and welded together said portion (4a, 4b) with the electrical conductor (7a, 7b). 2. Elektrisk anslutning enligt krav 1, vilken är inkapslad i ett elektriskt isolerande material som erbjuder ett korrosionsskydd.Electrical connection according to claim 1, which is encapsulated in an electrically insulating material which offers a corrosion protection. 3. Elektrisk anslutning enligt kraven 1 eller 2, varvid nämnda första elektrisk ledare (7a, 7b) är ansluten till en andra elektrisk (11) ledare genom att de elektriska ledarna sammanfogas.Electrical connection according to claims 1 or 2, wherein said first electrical conductor (7a, 7b) is connected to a second electrical conductor (11) by joining the electrical conductors. 4. Elektrisk anslutning enligt krav 3, varvid nämnda anslutning mellan den första ledaren (7a, 7b) och den andra ledaren (11) är inkapslad i ett elektrisk isolerande material som erbjuder ett korrosionsskydd.Electrical connection according to claim 3, wherein said connection between the first conductor (7a, 7b) and the second conductor (11) is encapsulated in an electrically insulating material which offers a corrosion protection. 5. Elektrisk anslutning enligt krav 2 eller 4, vid vilken nämnda elektriskt isolerande material är ett polymermaterial.An electrical connection according to claim 2 or 4, wherein said electrically insulating material is a polymeric material. 6. Elektrisk anslutning enligt ett eller flera av kraven 1-5, vid vilken den elektrisk ledande keramen (4a, 4b) omfattar en blandning av titanborid och kiselkarbid.Electrical connection according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, in which the electrically conductive ceramic (4a, 4b) comprises a mixture of titanium boride and silicon carbide. 7. Elektrisk anslutning enligt ett eller flera av kraven 1-6, vid vilken den isolerande keramen (3a, 3b) omfattar en blandning av zirkoniumoxid och kiselkarbid.Electrical connection according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, in which the insulating ceramic (3a, 3b) comprises a mixture of zirconia and silicon carbide. 8. Elektrisk anslutning enligt ett eller flera av kraven 1-7, vid vilken den första ledaren (7a, 7b) är framställd av en metall som är vald från den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa.Electrical connection according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, in which the first conductor (7a, 7b) is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof. 9. Elektrisk anslutning enligt något av föregående krav, vid vilken folien (12) är framställd av en metall som är vald fràn den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa. 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 8Electrical connection according to one of the preceding claims, in which the foil (12) is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof. 10 15 20 25 30 35 524 954 8 10. Sätt att åstadkomma en elektrisk anslutning mellan en elektriskt ledande keramisk detalj hos en förseglingsback, och en elektrisk ledare, kännetecknat av stegen: att på en keramisk yta (4a, 4b) anordna en metalliseringsfolie (12) för àstadkommande av en metalliserad yta, att anordna en elektrisk ledare (7a, 7b) i kontakt med metalliseringsfolien, och att utsätta metalliseringsfolien (12) för värme så att denna metallierar keramytan (4a, 4b) och sammanfogar denna med den elektriska ledaren (7a, 7b).A method of providing an electrical connection between an electrically conductive ceramic part of a sealing jaw, and an electrical conductor, characterized by the steps of: arranging on a ceramic surface (4a, 4b) a metallization foil (12) for providing a metallized surface, arranging an electrical conductor (7a, 7b) in contact with the metallization foil, and exposing the metallization foil (12) to heat so that it metallizes the ceramic surface (4a, 4b) and joins it to the electrical conductor (7a, 7b). 11. Sätt enligt krav 10, vid vilket metalliseringsfolien (12) utsätts för värme under undertryck.A method according to claim 10, wherein the metallization foil (12) is exposed to heat under negative pressure. 12. Sätt enligt krav 10 eller 11, vilket vidare omfattar åtgärden att inkapsla sammanfogningen mellan keramytan (4a, 4b) och den elektriska ledaren (7a, 7b) i ett elektriskt isolerande material som erbjuder ett korrosionsskydd.A method according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising the step of encapsulating the joint between the ceramic surface (4a, 4b) and the electrical conductor (7a, 7b) in an electrically insulating material offering a corrosion protection. 13. Sätt enligt ett eller flera av kraven 10-12, vilket vidare omfattar åtgärden att ansluta nämnda första elektriska ledare (7a, 7b) till en andra elektrisk ledare (11) genom att de elektriska ledarna pressas till anliggning mot varandra.A method according to any one or more of claims 10-12, further comprising the step of connecting said first electrical conductor (7a, 7b) to a second electrical conductor (11) by pressing the electrical conductors into abutment against each other. 14. Sätt enligt krav 13, vilket vidare omfattar åtgärden att inkapsla nämnda anslutning mellan den första ledaren (7a, 7b) och den andra ledaren (11) i ett elektrisk isolerande material som erbjuder ett korrosionsskydd.The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of encapsulating said connection between the first conductor (7a, 7b) and the second conductor (11) in an electrically insulating material offering a corrosion protection. 15. Sätt enligt krav 12 eller 14, vilket omfattar åtgärden att som nämnda elektriskt isolerande material välja ett polymermaterial.A method according to claim 12 or 14, which comprises the step of selecting a polymeric material as said electrically insulating material. 16. Sätt enligt ett eller flera av kraven 10-15, vilket omfattar åtgärden att som den elektrisk ledande keramen (4a, 4b) välja en blandning av titanborid och kiselkarbid.A method according to one or more of claims 10-15, which comprises the step of selecting as the electrically conductive ceramic (4a, 4b) a mixture of titanium boride and silicon carbide. 17. Sätt enligt ett eller flera av kraven 10-16, vilket omfattar åtgärden att som den isolerande keramen (3a, 3b) välja en blandning av zirkoniumoxid och kiselkarbid. 524 954 9A method according to one or more of claims 10-16, which comprises the step of selecting as the insulating ceramic (3a, 3b) a mixture of zirconia and silicon carbide. 524 954 9 18. Sätt enligt ett eller flera av kraven 10-17, vilket omfattar åtgärden att för framställning av den första ledaren (7a, 7b) välja en metall fràn den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa.A method according to any one or more of claims 10-17, which comprises the step of selecting for the manufacture of the first conductor (7a, 7b) a metal from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof. 19. Sätt enligt ett eller flera av kraven 10-18, vilket omfattar åtgärden att för framställning av folien (12) välja en metall från den grupp som består av silver, koppar, titan och valfria kombinationer av dessa.A method according to one or more of claims 10-18, which comprises the step of selecting for the production of the foil (12) a metal from the group consisting of silver, copper, titanium and optional combinations thereof.
SE0203367A 2002-11-14 2002-11-14 Electrical connection to ceramic sealing jaw and way of making said connection SE524934C2 (en)

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SE0203367A SE524934C2 (en) 2002-11-14 2002-11-14 Electrical connection to ceramic sealing jaw and way of making said connection
CNB2003801030396A CN100393670C (en) 2002-11-14 2003-11-11 An electric connection to a ceramic sealing jaw, and a method of realising the connection
AU2003276800A AU2003276800A1 (en) 2002-11-14 2003-11-11 An electric connection to a ceramic sealing jaw, and a method of realising the connection
PCT/SE2003/001735 WO2004043877A1 (en) 2002-11-14 2003-11-11 An electric connection to a ceramic sealing jaw, and a method of realising the connection
CO05043078A CO5650159A2 (en) 2002-11-14 2005-05-05 AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION TO A CERAMIC SEALING CLAMP AND A METHOD OF MAKING THE CONNECTION

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WO2010040397A1 (en) * 2008-10-08 2010-04-15 Sidel S.P.A. Labelling machine for sleeve labels
DE102009046469A1 (en) 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Optima Filling And Packaging Machines Gmbh Device for sealing packaging
BR112018017073B1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2023-01-24 Cryovac, Llc HEATING HEAD FOR PACKAGING ASSEMBLY, PACKAGING EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HEATING HEAD

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US3291578A (en) * 1963-11-04 1966-12-13 Gen Electric Metallized semiconductor support and mounting structure
JPH0749152B2 (en) * 1986-06-16 1995-05-31 株式会社東芝 Method for manufacturing envelope of rectifying element
GB9103953D0 (en) * 1991-02-26 1991-04-10 Du Pont Canada Insulated heat sealing jaw
SE501098C2 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-11-14 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sealing device, method of making a sealing jaw and use
DE60113803T2 (en) * 2001-04-06 2006-07-06 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging machine for producing sealed packages for free-flowing food

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