SE505464C2

SE505464C2 - Arrangement with missile firing ramp

Info

Publication number: SE505464C2
Application number: SE9600131A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Olof Ronqvist; Jan Olsson
Original assignee: Bofors Ab
Priority date: 1996-01-16
Filing date: 1996-01-16
Publication date: 1997-09-01
Also published as: SE9600131L

Abstract

The firing equipment (1) incorporates a firing tube (1) or similar for discharge of the missile (2) by means of hot explosive gases as firing medium. The firing tube mouth (4) is provided with a rapidly closable hatch arrangement (5, 6) which closes as soon as the missile has past. The hatch arrangement comprises at least two hinge-type hatches which together cover the firing tube mouth and which are spring-loaded to equilibrium in the closed state. The spring loading is not too powerful to prevent the hatches being forced to the side by the missile or by thrust waves in front of it when the missile leaves the firing tube. Immediately after the missile has left the firing tube, the hatches return to their original position. The hinge fixtures (7, 8) of the respective hatches are so formed that the latter can be pivoted from their original position to an open position folded backwards parallel with the longitudinal direction of the firing tube and this through an angle of up to 270 degrees.

Description

505 464 2 Enligt uppfinningen görs detta genom att i största möjliga utsträckning kvarhålla alla vid utskjutningen genererade gaser inne i utskjutnings- anordningen. Detta åstadkommes genom att respektive utskjutningsrör förses med ett främre luckarrangemang som stängs så snart projektilen lämnat utskjutningsanordningen. According to the invention, this is done by retaining, as far as possible, all the gases generated during the launch inside the launching device. This is achieved by providing the respective launch tube with a front hatch arrangement which closes as soon as the projectile has left the launch device.

Företrädesvis kan därvid detta luckarrangemang ha formen av en inled- ningsvis stängd frontport som kan vara uppdelad på ﬂera luckor och som kastas upp av den tryckvåg som föregår projektilen alternativt av dennas nos i samband med att projektilen börjar röra sig och som därefter stängs så snart projektilen passerat. I stängt läge bör denna frontport vara så gastät som möjligt men någon fullständig gastäthet efter det att den öppnats och stängts torde inte vara av nöden. Om krutgaserna siprar uti tillräckligt långsam takt så att de hinner kylas av så har man ju uppnått målet att minska avfyringsanordningens IR-signatur omedelbart efter en avfyring.Preferably, this hatch arrangement may be in the form of an initially closed front door which may be divided into ﬂ your hatches and which is thrown up by the pressure wave which precedes the projectile or by its nose in connection with the projectile starting to move and which is then closed as soon as the projectile passed. In the closed position, this front door should be as gas-tight as possible, but any complete gas tightness after it has been opened and closed should not be out of necessity. If the gunpowder gases seep out at a sufficiently slow pace that they have time to cool down, the goal has been achieved to reduce the firing device's IR signature immediately after firing.

Däremot är det fördelaktigt om luckarrangemanget före öppningen vid robotens avfyring är helt tätt så att det kan fungera som skydd för roboten mot fukt och annan skadlig miljö. Öppningsbara av en projektil vid den egna utskjutningen manövrerade skyddsluckor är mer eller mindre standard vid de flesta typer av sådana styrda och ostyrda projektiler som levereras i utskjutningsrör av engångstyp men det rör sig då endast om skyddsluckor som perforeras eller kastas åt sidan vid avfyringen och inte om sådana som stängs igen så fort projektilen ifråga passerat.On the other hand, it is advantageous if the hatch arrangement before opening during the robot's firing is completely tight so that it can function as protection for the robot against moisture and other harmful environments. Openable manhole-operated projectile is more or less standard on most types of guided and uncontrolled projectiles delivered in disposable launch tubes, but these are only safety hatches that are perforated or thrown aside during firing and not if those that close again as soon as the projectile in question has passed.

Genom att i enlighet med föreliggande uppfinning förse här aktuella ut- skjutningsanordningar med snabbstängda tillräckligt täta frontluckor kan huvuddelen av de vid utskjutningen genererade rökgaserna fångas upp inne i utskjutningsröret där de även kommer att kylas ned i tillräckligt hög grad innan de får möjlighet att sippra ut ur utskjutningsröret via främst dettas bakre utloppsöppning.By providing the relevant launching devices here with quick-closing sufficiently tight front hatches, the main part of the flue gases generated during the launching can be captured inside the launching tube where they will also be cooled down to a sufficient degree before they are allowed to seep out. the launch pipe via mainly its rear outlet opening.

I en föredragen variant på uppfinningen har den aktuella frontporten givits den dubbla uppgiften som skydd före skott och gaslås efter skott. Frontpor- ten har därvid givits formen av en eller flera vid utskjutningsrörets myn- ning gångjärnsupphängda luckor som är svängbara från ett första stängt läge 3 505 464 till ett andra helt öppet läge från vilket de enligt denna variant på uppﬁn- ningen kastas tillbaka till stängt läge så snart projektilen passerat.In a preferred variant of the invention, the front door in question has been given the dual task of protection before firing and gas locks after firing. The front door has thereby been given the shape of one or more hinged hinges at the mouth of the launch tube which are pivotable from a first closed position 3 505 464 to a second fully open position from which they are thrown back to the closed position according to this variant of the opening. as soon as the projectile has passed.

Uppfinningen finns definerad i de efterföljande patentkraven och den skall nu beskrivas något ytterligare i samband med bifogade figurer av vilka Figur 1 a-d schematiskt visar det aktuella funktionsförloppet vid utnyttjandet av anordningen enligt uppfinningen medan Figur 2 mer i detalj visar an anordning enligt uppfinningen sedd framifrån och Figur 3 samma anordning längs snittet III-III i figur 2 I den mån motsvarande detaljer förekommer på ﬂera av figurerna har de givits samma hänvisningsbeteckningar.The invention is defined in the following claims and it will now be described somewhat further in connection with the appended figures, of which Figure 1 ad schematically shows the current functional process in the use of the device according to the invention while Figure 2 shows in more detail a device according to the invention seen from the front and Figure 3 the same device along the section III-III in figure 2 To the extent that corresponding details appear on ﬂ era of the figures, they have been given the same reference numerals.

På figurerna 1 a-d visas i genomskärning ett inissilutskjutningsrör 1 i vilket en missil 2 är anordnad klar för start. Vidare återfinns en krutgasgenerator 3 för utskjutning av missilen 2. Utskjutningsrörets 1 främre ände 4 är i inled- ningsskedet tillsluten av två port- eller luckhalvor 5 respektive 6. Var och en av luckhalvorna är gångjärnsmässigt fästa vid utskjutningsröret 1 medelst i detta fall lättböjliga men starka och i huvudsak töjningsfria armerade textilband 7 respektive 8.Figures 1 a-d show in cross-section an inissile launch tube 1 in which a missile 2 is arranged ready for launch. Furthermore, there is a gunpowder gas generator 3 for launching the missile 2. The front end 4 of the launch tube 1 is closed in the initial stage by two door or door halves 5 and 6, respectively. and substantially strain-free reinforced textile strips 7 and 8, respectively.

På figur lb har rnissilen 2 börjat röra sig framåt och den tryckvåg som går före missilen genom utskjutningsröret har börjat kasta upp luckhalvorna 5 respektive 6.In Figure 1b, the missile 2 has begun to move forward and the pressure wave passing before the missile through the launch tube has begun to throw up the hatch halves 5 and 6, respectively.

På figur lc visas det läge där luckhalvoma 5 respektive 6 har svängts om ca 270° omkring gångjämsbanden 7 och 8 och i detta läge träffar respektive lucka i höjd med den egna fria ytterkanten en på utskjumingsrörets utsida anbringad buffert 9 respektive 10, som kan vara av fjädertyp altemativt kan bestå av gummi eller motsvarande fjädrande material och som tar upp luckans rörelse och vänder denna tillbaka mot stängt läge.Figure 1c shows the position where the door halves 5 and 6, respectively, have been pivoted about 270 ° about the hinge bands 7 and 8 and in this position each door meets the own free outer edge a buffer 9 and 10, respectively, applied to the outside of the foam tube, which may be of spring type may alternatively consist of rubber or equivalent resilient material and which absorbs the movement of the door and returns it to the closed position.

På figur ld visas det läge där missilen 2 går helt fri från utskjutningsröret 1 och där luckoma 5 och 6 just återgått till helt stängt läge och därmed har alla de krutgaser som ej följt med missilen direkt i hälarna fångats inne i ut- skjutningsröret. 505 464 4 För att denna funktionssekvens skall fungera helt tillfredsställande krävs att luckhalvorna är fjäderbelastade mot ett jämviktsläge som motsvarar det helt stängda läget samt att denna fjäderbelastning ger en mycket snabb stängning. Ett sätt att åstadkomma denna funktion finns beskriven tillsam- mans med figurerna 2 och 3.Figure 1d shows the position where the missile 2 goes completely free from the launch tube 1 and where the hatches 5 and 6 have just returned to a completely closed position and thus all the gunpowder gases that did not accompany the missile directly into the heels have been trapped inside the launch tube. 505 464 4 In order for this function sequence to function completely satisfactorily, it is required that the door halves are spring-loaded against an equilibrium position corresponding to the completely closed position and that this spring load results in a very fast closing. A way of achieving this function is described together with Figures 2 and 3.

På figurerna 2 och 3 visas främre delen av utskjutningsröret 1 samt missilen 2. Vidare återfinns frontluckoma 5 och 6 här med mera detaljer vad avser den egna utformningen. Luckoma 5 och 6 är gångjärnsmässigt infästa vid utskjutningsröret 1 medelst textilbandsgångjärn 7 och 8. Längs skarven mellan luckorna löper en tätningslist 11. Luckornas resp ytterkanter har beteckningarna 24 resp 25 och deras mot varandra vända innerkanter 26 resp 27.Figures 2 and 3 show the front part of the launch tube 1 and the missile 2. Furthermore, the front doors 5 and 6 are found here with more details regarding their own design. The doors 5 and 6 are hingedly attached to the extension tube 1 by means of textile tape hinges 7 and 8. A sealing strip 11 runs along the joint between the doors 11. The doors' outer edges have the designations 24 and 25 respectively and their opposite inner edges 26 and 27, respectively.

För fjäderbelastning av luckorna mot stängt läge finns fyra dragfjädrar 12-15 infästa på det på figuren visade sättet så att de bildar en vinkel ot på ömse sidor om delningsdiametern mellan de bägge gångjärnsbanden 7 respektive 8.For spring loading of the doors towards the closed position, four tension springs 12-15 are attached in the manner shown in the figure so that they form an angle ot on either side of the dividing diameter between the two hinge bands 7 and 8, respectively.

Dragfjädrarna 12-15 är dels infästa i respektive lucka via fästöglor 16, 17 nära luckornas innerkanter 26 resp 27, dels via linor 18-21 fästa en bit ner på utskjutriingsrörets 1 utsida, dvs linorna 18-21 löper runt resp luckytterkants hörn 24, 25. Läget för linornas 18 respektive 19 fästpunkter finns antydda på figur 3 med markeringarna 18' och 19'.The tension springs 12-15 are partly fastened in the respective hatch via fastening loops 16, 17 near the inner edges 26 and 27 of the hatches, partly via ropes 18-21 fastened a bit down on the outside of the ejection tube 1, ie the ropes 18-21 run around the corner outer edge corners 24, 25 The position of the attachment points of the ropes 18 and 19, respectively, are indicated in Figure 3 by the markings 18 'and 19'.

Med luckorna i stängt läge är fjädrarna 12-15 något förspända vilket ger ett visst första öppningsmotstånd för luckorna eftersom en öppning av en lucka innebär att avståndet mellan luckkanten där linan löper över den och linans fäste på utskjutningsrörets utsida successivt ökas, vilket i sin tur innebär en successiv spänning av respektive fjäder fram till det läge där luckan öppnats ca 180° där fjädrarnas linor släpper kontakten med resp luckkant och istället för att verka för en stängning av resp lucka verkar för en maximal öppning av luckan i fråga som i detta fall motsvarar en ca 270° öppning. I detta slutläge träffar emellertid luckorna buffertarna 9 respektive 10 som visas på fig la - d och som genom att rörelsen mot helt öppet läge sker med mycket stor fart vänder luckan rörelse tillbaka mot stängt läge.With the doors in the closed position, the springs 12-15 are slightly prestressed, which gives a certain first opening resistance for the doors because an opening of a door means that the distance between the door edge where the line runs over it and the line bracket on the outside of the extension pipe a successive tension of the respective spring up to the position where the door has been opened approx. 180 ° where the spring lines release the contact with the respective door edge and instead of working for a closing of the respective door acts for a maximum opening of the door in question which in this case corresponds to about 270 ° opening. In this final position, however, the doors hit the buffers 9 and 10, respectively, shown in Figs.

Denna rörelse får sedan, så snart den passerat den brytpunkt där 5 505 464 fjäderlinoma ånyo bryts över luckytterkantema 24 resp 25 hjälp av fjädrarna i riktning mot helt stängt luckläge.This movement is then, as soon as it has passed the breaking point where the spring lines are again broken over the door outer edges 24 and 25, respectively, by means of the springs in the direction of the completely closed door position.

För den tidigare nämnda vinkeln a gäller att denna skall vara så vald att fjädrarna då de belastas vid lucköppningen ger en stabilisering av luckomas rörelser och hindrar dessa från att börja fladdra åt sidorna.For the previously mentioned angle α, this must be so chosen that the springs, when loaded at the door opening, stabilize the movements of the doors and prevent them from starting to flutter to the sides.

Claims

505 464 6 PATENT CLAIMS

1. In such missile launch ramps in which the missile (2) up to the launch is enclosed in a launch tube (1) or equivalent and from which it is fired with hot gunpowder gases as propellant, minimize the IR signature of the ramp after launch. characterized in that the front of the launch tube (1) facing the fired target (4), immediately after the projectile (2) has left the launch tube (1) is closed as gas-tight as possible by means of adapted means (5, 6), in the launch pipe (1) remaining gunpowder gases are retained there as far as possible and are only slowly allowed to leave the same.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that means (5, 6) which are used to close the front mouth (4) of the launch tube (1) after firing, even before firing are used to protect the projectile (2) then present in the launch tube (1). ) front end.

Device for minimizing, in accordance with the method according to either of claims 1 or 2, the IR signature of the area immediately adjacent to such missile launchers (1) which comprise a respective missile up to the launch including launch tubes (1) or equivalent and from which the missile (2) is fired with hot powder gases as the launching medium, characterized in that the mouth (4) of the launching tube (1) is provided with a quick-closing hatch arrangement (5, 6) which closes to it as soon as the projectile (2) has passed.

4. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing arrangement (5, 6) for closing the mouth (4) of the ejection tube (1) consists of at least two hinges (5, 6) hinged at the mouth of the ejection tube which together cover the ejection spring mouth (4) of the ejection tube and to equilibrium in this closed position but at which the spring load is not stronger than the hatches can be forced to the side of the projectile or shock wave in front of it when the projectile leaves the launch tube to immediately after the projectile (2) leaves the launch tube ( 1) return to the original position.

Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the hinge attachment (7, 8) of the respective door (5, 6) is designed such that these from their respective original positions where they each cover their part of the mouth of the ejection tube can be pivoted to an open position rearwardly folded substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the extension tube (1) and which involves a up to 270 ° rotation of the respective door around its hinge attachment (7, 8) and from which they with the opening take place with sufficient the speed and power gaps (5, 6) will bounce back towards their respective closed original positions.

Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the outside of the launch tube has adapted dampers (9, 10) adapted for the respective doors (5, 6) adapted to slow down the movement of the doors towards the final open position and to reverse their movement towards the closed position in such a way that the doors remains in the closed position.

Device according to either of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that when the ejection tube (1) has an at least substantially circular cross-section, the spring load (12, 15) of the respective door (5, 6) is constituted by one or more, preferably two, tension springs (12). , 13 and 14, 15, respectively), one end of which is joined to a point (16, 17) a distance into the door (5, 6) at a distance from the edge of the launch tube, while the other end of the spring (12-15) via a non-elastic but flexible part (18-21) is joined to the outside of the ejection tube (1) at some distance from its end and wherein the spring (12-15) and the force transmitting part (18-21) form an angle (u) with the diameter section to the the sliding tube passing through the hinge fasteners (7, 8).

Device according to either of Claims 4-7, characterized in that the hinge attachment (7, 8) consists of an easily flexible band of reinforced textile or other material.