SE467830B - Process for creating surfaces having self-lubricating properties on metals - Google Patents
Process for creating surfaces having self-lubricating properties on metalsInfo
- Publication number
- SE467830B SE467830B SE9000966A SE9000966A SE467830B SE 467830 B SE467830 B SE 467830B SE 9000966 A SE9000966 A SE 9000966A SE 9000966 A SE9000966 A SE 9000966A SE 467830 B SE467830 B SE 467830B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- melt
- molybdenum
- impregnated
- surface treatment
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 titanium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
467 850 partiklar, t.ex. titankarbider, i en matris av den omsmälta grundmetallen. 467,850 particles, e.g. titanium carbides, in a matrix of the molten base metal.
Det är också känt att man till en smälta, skapad med t.ex. laser, kan tillföra olika legeringsämnen, t.ex. molybden, var- vid en ny legering skapas i det omsmälta området, så kallad upplegering med laser.It is also known that one to a melt, created with e.g. laser, can add various alloying elements, e.g. molybdenum, whereby a new alloy is created in the remelted area, so-called laser alloy.
Syftet med denna teknik är alltså att tillföra partiklar till smältan som går i lösning och på detta sätt t.ex. uppnå en högre hårdhet eller förbättrade korossionsegenskaper i det om- smälta området.The purpose of this technique is thus to add particles to the melt that go into solution and in this way e.g. achieve a higher hardness or improved corrosion properties in the remelted area.
Syftet med föreliggande uppfinning är bl.a. att åstadkomma ett med grundmetallen homogent ytskikt med smörjande karaktär, genom att ytskiktet smälts med hög energi, t.ex. laser, samtidigt som åtminstone en metall, metallegering eller metallblandning i form av molybden tillförs smältan, varvid en metallkomposit skapas bestående av i stort sett oförändrade partiklar av det tillförda molybdenmaterialet i en matris av den omsmälta grundmetallen.The object of the present invention is i.a. to achieve a surface layer homogeneous with the base metal with a lubricating character, by melting the surface layer with high energy, e.g. laser, at the same time as at least one metal, metal alloy or metal mixture in the form of molybdenum is added to the melt, whereby a metal composite is created consisting of substantially unchanged particles of the supplied molybdenum material in a matrix of the remelted base metal.
Syftet med föreliggande uppfinning är också att skapa nämnda ytor med hjälp av ytbehandlingssträngar.The object of the present invention is also to create said surfaces by means of surface treatment strands.
Enligt uppfinningen uppnås dessa syften med hjälp av de känne- tecken som framgår av efterföljande patentkrav l.According to the invention, these objects are achieved by means of the features which appear from the appended claim 1.
Till skillnad från laserimpregnering enligt US patent 4 299 860 eller upplegering med molybden tillförs här molybden så att det tillförda molybdenmaterialet förblir i huvudsak oför- ändrat i smältan. Vid relativglidning mellan den behandlade metallytan och en obehandlad metallyta kommer molybdenpartik- _ larna, som vid användning av sintermetall enligt ovan, att ge en "smörjande" verkan mellan de två ytorna. En viktig fördel jämfört med US patent 4 299 860 och sintermetall är att man med föreliggande uppfinning minimerar nötningen på den obehandlade ytan och att ytorna efter behandling kan bearbetas med konven- tionell skärande bearbetning och ända behålla det "smörjande" skiktet. 467 830 Föreliggande uppfinning möjliggör också partiell behandling av t.ex. vevaxlar, varvid behovet av speciella lagermetaller, såsom lagerbrons eller sintermetall, helt kan elimineras.Unlike laser impregnation according to U.S. Patent 4,299,860 or alloying with molybdenum, molybdenum is added here so that the supplied molybdenum material remains substantially unchanged in the melt. When relative sliding between the treated metal surface and an untreated metal surface, the molybdenum particles, as when using sintered metal as above, will give a "lubricating" effect between the two surfaces. An important advantage over U.S. Patent 4,299,860 and sintered metal is that the present invention minimizes abrasion on the untreated surface and that the surfaces after treatment can be machined with conventional cutting machining and still retain the "lubricating" layer. 467 830 The present invention also enables partial treatment of e.g. crankshafts, whereby the need for special bearing metals, such as bearing bronze or sintered metal, can be completely eliminated.
Med föreliggande uppfinning uppnås alltså ett ytskikt med självsmörjande karaktär som är homogent förbundet med grund- materialet utan risk för att detta flisar ur eller lossnar på annat sätt. Grundmaterialet erhåller med andra ord ett ytskikt med långtidsverkande självsmörjande karaktär mellan exempelvis glidande metallytor, som kan utsättas för höga belastningar utan att ytskiktet lossnar.The present invention thus achieves a surface layer with a self-lubricating character which is homogeneously connected to the base material without the risk of it chipping out or coming loose in another way. In other words, the base material obtains a surface layer with a long-acting self-lubricating character between, for example, sliding metal surfaces, which can be subjected to high loads without the surface layer coming loose.
Med föreliggande uppfinning uppnås vidare att det ytbehandlade området får goda tribologiska egenskaper så att kraftiga för- svängningar i området förhindras och därigenom risken för rep- bildning och adhesiv nötning.With the present invention it is further achieved that the surface-treated area has good tribological properties so that sharp oscillations in the area are prevented and thereby the risk of rope formation and adhesive wear.
Uppfinningen skall nedan förklaras närmare med hänvisning till bifogade ritningar, på vilka figur 1 med en perspektivvy visar ett metallföremål vars metall- yta behandlats enligt föreliggande uppfinning; figur 2 visar en metallografisk bild av ett etsat metallföremål 'som ytimpregnerats; figur 3 illustrerar ett snitt i en ytimpregnerad yta; figur 4 illustrerar ett snitt av en ytimpregnerad yta efter tilljämning av densamma; figur 5 illustrerar ett exempel på två maskinkomponenter,_kuggar, som ytimpregnerats; figur 6 illustrerar med en perspektivvy ett metallföremål med en cirkulär ytimpregneringssträng; figur 7 illustrerar med en perspektivvy metallföremålet enligt figur 6 under ett trådgnistningsmoment; 4. 467 850 figur 8 illustrerar med en perspektivvy en dyna som åstadkommits genom trådgnistning av metallföremålet enligt figur 6; figur 9 illustrerar med en perspektivvy en stämpel som sam- tidigt åstadkommits genom trådgnistning av metallföremålet enligt figur 6; figur 10 illustrerar ett snitt genom den övre delen av dynan och den undre delen av stämpeln enligt figurerna 8 och 9; figur ll illustrerar med en perspektivvy en dyna som ytimpreg- nerats längs botten- och ändkanter; figur 12 illustrerar ett snitt av dynan enligt figur 11; figur 13 illustrerar ett snitt av en dyna enligt figur 11 och 12 under en sänkgnistoperation; figur 14 illustrerar med ett snitt ytimpregnerade och sänkgnist- behandlade partier av en dyna enligt figur 10 och ll.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows with a perspective view a metal object whose metal surface has been treated according to the present invention; Figure 2 shows a metallographic image of an etched metal object 'which has been surface impregnated; Figure 3 illustrates a section of a surface impregnated surface; Figure 4 illustrates a section of a surface impregnated surface after leveling it; Figure 5 illustrates an example of two machine components, cogs, surface impregnated; Figure 6 illustrates with a perspective view a metal object with a circular surface impregnation strand; Figure 7 illustrates with a perspective view the metal object according to Figure 6 during a wire sparking moment; 467 850 Figure 8 illustrates with a perspective view a pad made by wire sparking of the metal object of Figure 6; Figure 9 illustrates with a perspective view a stamp obtained at the same time by wire sparking of the metal object according to Figure 6; Figure 10 illustrates a section through the upper part of the pad and the lower part of the stamp according to Figures 8 and 9; Figure 11l illustrates with a perspective view a pad impregnated along the bottom and end edges; Figure 12 illustrates a section of the pad of Figure 11; Figure 13 illustrates a section of a pad of Figures 11 and 12 during a lowering spark operation; Figure 14 illustrates with a section surface impregnated and sub-spark-treated portions of a pad according to Figures 10 and 11.
För att skapa ytor med självsmörjande egenskaper hos metall- ytor 1 på föremål 2 av metall eller annat lämpligt material, ytimpregneras metallytorna 1 genom att deras ytskikt 3 smältes med hög energi, t.ex. laserstrålar 4, samtidigt som en metall, metallegering eller metallblandning 5, tillföres smältan 6, var- vid en metallkomposit skapats efter stelning bestående av en matris av det omsmälta ytskiktet 3 och i stort sett oförändrade korn/partiklar av det tillförda materialet. Metallen, metall- legeringen eller metallblandningen kan tillföras smältan 6 från ett magasin (ej visat) via ett munstycke 7.In order to create surfaces with self-lubricating properties of metal surfaces 1 on objects 2 of metal or other suitable material, the metal surfaces 1 are impregnated by melting their surface layer 3 with high energy, e.g. laser beams 4, at the same time as a metal, metal alloy or metal mixture 5, are supplied to the melt 6, whereby a metal composite is created after solidification consisting of a matrix of the remelted surface layer 3 and substantially unchanged grains / particles of the supplied material. The metal, metal alloy or metal mixture can be fed to the melt 6 from a magazine (not shown) via a nozzle 7.
Figur 2 visar, med en metallografisk bild, ett tvärsnitt i ett metallföremål (SS 2258) som ytbehandlats enligt ovanstånde metod, där molybden i pulverform tillförts smältan via ett mun- stycke. Av bilden framgår att molybdenpartiklarna trängt in i smältan, varvid en metallkomposit skapats bestående av i stort sett oförändrade molybdenpartiklar i en matris av den omsmälta grundmetallen. Hårdheten hos molybdenpartiklarna uppgår till ca. HV 400 och hos den omsmälta grundmetallen till ca. HV 600. 467 830 Det tillförda materialet kan lämpligen vara molybden och/eller bly och/eller tenn och/eller indium eller föreningar av dessa ämnen. Exempel på det senare är molybdendisulfid, eller till- försel av molybden till en smälta innehållande svavel, eller tillförsel av molybden och svavel till en smälta för att i den bilda molybdendisulfid.Figure 2 shows, with a metallographic image, a cross section of a metal object (SS 2258) which has been surface treated according to the above method, where molybdenum in powder form has been added to the melt via a nozzle. The image shows that the molybdenum particles penetrated into the melt, whereby a metal composite was created consisting of substantially unchanged molybdenum particles in a matrix of the remelted base metal. The hardness of the molybdenum particles amounts to approx. HV 400 and with the remelted base metal to approx. HV 600. 467 830 The supplied material may suitably be molybdenum and / or lead and / or tin and / or indium or compounds of these substances. Examples of the latter are molybdenum disulfide, or the addition of molybdenum to a melt containing sulfur, or the addition of molybdenum and sulfur to a melt to form molybdenum disulfide therein.
Ytimpregneringen kan ske partiellt på valda delar av föremålet 2 och ytbehandlingssträngar 8 bildas genom att föremålet 2 och laserstrålarna 4 flyttas relativt varandra. Ytbehandlingssträn- garna 8 placeras lämpligen så i förhållande till varandra att en del b på 2-50%, företrädesvis 20-40% av bredden B av den ena ytbehandlingssträngen 8, är integrerad med en del b på 2-50%, företrädesvis 20-40% av bredden B av den andra ytbehandlings- _ strängen 8 (se figur 3). Detta arrangemang säkerställer homo- gena egenskaper hos de behandlade metallytorna 1 och ger en ökad bearbetningsmån efter behandling.The surface impregnation can take place partially on selected parts of the object 2 and surface treatment strands 8 are formed by moving the object 2 and the laser beams 4 relative to each other. The surface treatment strands 8 are suitably positioned relative to each other so that a part b of 2-50%, preferably 20-40% of the width B of one surface treatment strand 8, is integrated with a part b of 2-50%, preferably 20- 40% of the width B of the second surface treatment strand 8 (see Figure 3). This arrangement ensures homogeneous properties of the treated metal surfaces 1 and provides an increased machining amount after treatment.
För att ytterligare förbättra metallytans 1 nötningsresistens _ kan samtidigt, som en metall, metallblandning eller metall- legering 5 enligt ovan, en nötningsresistent partikel, såsom karbider eller keramer, tillföras smältan 6. På detta sätt skapas en metallkomposit bestående av "mjuka partiklar" med smörjverkande karaktär och hårda partiklar med hög nötnings- resistens i en matris av den omsmälta grundmetallen.In order to further improve the abrasion resistance of the metal surface 1, at the same time as a metal, metal mixture or metal alloy 5 as above, an abrasion resistant particle, such as carbides or ceramics, can be added to the melt 6. In this way a metal composite consisting of "soft particles" is created with lubricating character and hard particles with high abrasion resistance in a matrix of the remelted base metal.
Vidare bibringas ytbehandlingssträngarna 8 lämpligen ett största inträngningsdjup D i metallytan 1 på 0,1-5 mm.Furthermore, the surface treatment strands 8 are suitably imparted with a maximum penetration depth D in the metal surface 1 of 0.1-5 mm.
Vid behov jämnas de ytimpregnerade metallytorna till (se figur 4) och det erhålles ytimpregnerade ytor 9 med låg friktion och förbättrad nötningsresistens.If necessary, the surface-impregnated metal surfaces are leveled (see Figure 4) and surface-impregnated surfaces 9 with low friction and improved abrasion resistance are obtained.
Ytbehandlingssträngarna 8 anbringas lämpligen i huvudsak lokalt på sådana ytor på föremål, t.ex. pressverktyg, verktyg, kuggar, som är särskilt utsatta för nötning medan föremålens övriga ytor lämpligen kan lämnas fria från ytbehandlingssträngar 8. Ett exempel på var ytbehandlingssträngar 8 lämpligen kan anbringas i friktionsnedbringande syfte visas i figur 5 där ytbehandlings- strängar 9 anbringats på krökta ytor 10 på kuggar 11, 12. 467 830 För erhållande av slitytor med önskade mått och/eller yt- jämnhet kan de ytimpregnerade metallytorna 1 gnistbearbetas.The surface treatment strands 8 are suitably applied substantially locally to such surfaces on objects, e.g. press tools, tools, cogs, which are particularly prone to abrasion while the other surfaces of the articles can be conveniently left free from surface treatment strands 8. An example of where surface treatment strands 8 can be suitably applied for friction reducing purposes is shown in Figure 5 where surface treatment strands 9 are applied on teeth 11, 12. 467 830 To obtain wear surfaces with desired dimensions and / or surface smoothness, the surface-impregnated metal surfaces 1 can be spark machined.
I vissa fall kan det vara lämpligt att trådgnistbearbeta metallytorna medan det i andra fall kan vara lämpligt att sänkgnistbearbeta metallytorna 1.In some cases it may be suitable to wire spark machining the metal surfaces, while in other cases it may be appropriate to machin lower the metal surfaces 1.
Ett exempel på trådgnistbearbetning av impregnerade metall- ytor visas i figurerna 7-10. I dessa figurer visas ett före- mål 2, som på en metallyta ytimpregnerats lokalt utmed en konturlinje, som svarar mot en (exempelvis cirkulär) ändkant 13 och/eller 14 av en dyna 15 och/eller en stämpel 16 (och/ eller en stans) varefter dynan 15 och/eller stämpeln 16 (och/ eller stansen) åstadkommes genom trådgnistbearbetning utmed nämnda konturlinje med hjälp av ett trådgnistaggregat 17. Yt- impregneringen av metallytan 1 kan i detta fall ske genom att utmed nämnda konturlinje åstadkommes en ytimpregneringssträng 8 som har tillräcklig bredd T för att en del T 1 av dess bredd T skall bilda slityta på dynan 15 och den resterande delen T 2 skall bilda slityta på ändytan hos stämpeln 16 (eller stansen), varvid ett hål 18 i dynan 15 för stämpeln 16 (eller stansen) och stämpeln 16 (eller stansen) åstadkommes i samma moment genom trådgnistbearbetning utmed nämnda (i detta fall cirkulära) kon- turlinje.An example of wire spark machining of impregnated metal surfaces is shown in Figures 7-10. These figures show an object 2, which on a metal surface is surface impregnated locally along a contour line, which corresponds to a (for example circular) end edge 13 and / or 14 of a pad 15 and / or a stamp 16 (and / or a punch ) after which the pad 15 and / or the stamp 16 (and / or the punch) is produced by wire spark machining along said contour line by means of a wire spark assembly 17. The surface impregnation of the metal surface 1 can in this case take place by providing along the contour line a surface impregnation strand 8 sufficient width T for a part T 1 of its width T to form a wear surface on the pad 15 and the remaining part T 2 to form a wear surface on the end surface of the stamp 16 (or the punch), a hole 18 in the pad 15 for the stamp 16 (or the punch) and the stamp 16 (or the punch) are produced in the same step by wire spark machining along said (in this case circular) contour line.
I figurerna ll-14 visas ett exempel på sänkgnistbearbetning av impregnerade metallytor. I dessa figurer visas som exempel ett föremål 2 i form av en schematiskt visad verktygsdyna med en för- sänkning 19, vars ändkanter 20, 21 och bottenkanter 22, 23 yt- impregneras lokalt lämpligen genom att förses med ytbehandlings- strängar 8, varefter de ytimpregnerade kanterna sänkgnistbe- arbetas till färdigt mått. Detta kan ske med hjälp av en sänk- gnistningselektrod 24, (se figur 13) som är formad efter den slutform och/eller yta (se figur 14), som försänkningen 19 skall erhålla efter sänkgnistbearbetningen.Figures 11-14 show an example of countersinking of impregnated metal surfaces. These figures show by way of example an object 2 in the form of a schematically shown tool pad with a recess 19, the end edges 20, 21 and bottom edges 22, 23 of which are surface impregnated locally suitably by being provided with surface treatment strands 8, after which the surface impregnated the edges of the spark are machined to a finished size. This can be done by means of a countersunk spark electrode 24, (see figure 13) which is shaped according to the final shape and / or surface (see figure 14), which the countersink 19 is to receive after the countersunk spark processing.
Uppfinningsförfarandet är inte begränsat till det ovan angivna utan kan variera inom ramen för efterföljande patentkrav. Som exempel på alternativ kan nämnas att smältningen av ytskiktet kan ske med annan hög energi än laserstrålar.The method of the invention is not limited to the above but may vary within the scope of the appended claims. As an example of alternatives, it can be mentioned that the melting of the surface layer can take place with a high energy other than laser beams.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9000966A SE467830B (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Process for creating surfaces having self-lubricating properties on metals |
| DE69126994T DE69126994T2 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | METHOD FOR TREATING METALS |
| AT91906886T ATE155828T1 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | METHOD FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS |
| JP50705691A JP3181287B2 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | Metal surface processing method |
| PCT/SE1991/000203 WO1991014799A1 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | Method for working surfaces on metals |
| EP91906886A EP0595802B1 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | Method for working surfaces on metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9000966A SE467830B (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Process for creating surfaces having self-lubricating properties on metals |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE9000966D0 SE9000966D0 (en) | 1990-03-19 |
| SE9000966L SE9000966L (en) | 1991-09-20 |
| SE467830B true SE467830B (en) | 1992-09-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9000966A SE467830B (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Process for creating surfaces having self-lubricating properties on metals |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE467830B (en) |
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1990
- 1990-03-19 SE SE9000966A patent/SE467830B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9000966D0 (en) | 1990-03-19 |
| SE9000966L (en) | 1991-09-20 |
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