SE465304B - ABSORBING MATERIAL PIECE FOR USE IN ABSORBING disposable articles, such as diapers or incontinence cover - Google Patents
ABSORBING MATERIAL PIECE FOR USE IN ABSORBING disposable articles, such as diapers or incontinence coverInfo
- Publication number
- SE465304B SE465304B SE8904315A SE8904315A SE465304B SE 465304 B SE465304 B SE 465304B SE 8904315 A SE8904315 A SE 8904315A SE 8904315 A SE8904315 A SE 8904315A SE 465304 B SE465304 B SE 465304B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- piece
- layers
- holes
- layer
- material according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F2013/4512—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape folded in special shape during use
- A61F2013/4568—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape folded in special shape during use three-dimensional; with split absorbent core
- A61F2013/4575—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape folded in special shape during use three-dimensional; with split absorbent core connected by elastic means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530868—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer
- A61F2013/530875—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having holes
Description
10 465 304 Detta uppnås enligt uppfinningen med ett absorberande mate- rialstycke för användning i absorberande engångsartiklar, så- som blöjor eller inkontinensskydd, vilket är kännetecknat av att det är uppbyggt av åtminstone två skikt av absorberande material, vilka skikt innefattar genomgående hål anordnade i ett bestämt mönster, och att mönstren i till varandra angrän- sande skikt är förskjutna relativt varandra så att hålen i dessa skikt inte ligger i linje med varandra. vid användning av ett sådant materialstycke, som närmast huden liggande ab- sorptionsmaterial i området kring vätpunkten hos en blöja el- ler ett inkontinensskydd, kommer en stor del av i vätpunkten uttömd vätska att strömma genom de av hålen bildade kanalerna, vilket innebär dels att utspridningen minskar och dels att ab- sorptionskroppens kapacitet snabbare kan utnyttjas. 10 465 304 This is achieved according to the invention with an absorbent material. material for use in disposable absorbent articles, such as such as diapers or incontinence guards, which are characterized by that it is composed of at least two layers of absorbent materials, which layers comprise through holes arranged in a particular pattern, and that the patterns in adjacent sand layers are offset relative to each other so that the holes in these layers are not aligned. when used of such a piece of material as the abutment closest to the skin sorption material in the area around the wetting point of a diaper smiles an incontinence guard, a large part of comes in the wet point discharged liquid to flow through the channels formed by the holes, which means partly that the spread decreases and partly that ab- the capacity of the sorption body can be utilized more quickly.
Dessa och andra särdrag och fördelar kommer bättre att framgå av följande beskrivning av en föredragen utföringsform av upp- finningen med hjälp av bifogade ritningar, av vilka: fig. 1 visar en perspektivvy. delvis i genomskärning, av en del av en materialbana. av vilken ett materialstycke enligt uppfinningen kan tillverkas. fig. 2 visar i en planvy materialbanedelen enligt fig. 1, och fig. 3 visar ett materialstycke enligt uppfinningen.These and other features and benefits will become more apparent of the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention the invention by means of the accompanying drawings, of which: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view. partly in cross-section, of a part of a material web. of which a piece of material according to the invention can be manufactured. Fig. 2 shows in a plan view the material web part according to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows a piece of material according to the invention.
I fig. 3 visas ett tvärsnitt genom ett materialstycke enligt en föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen. Detta material- stycke är uppbyggt av fyra på varandra staplade skikt av ab- sorberande material l. I varje skikt är genomgående hål 2 an- ordnade i ett bestämt mönster. Hålmönstret i varje skikt är förskjutet relativt mönstret i angränsande skikt. Därigenom uppkommer slingrande strömningsvägar, genom vilka vätska kan strömma igenom materialstycket.Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a piece of material according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. This material piece is made up of four stacked layers of ab- sorbent material 1. In each layer through holes 2 are used. arranged in a specific pattern. The hole pattern in each layer is offset relative to the pattern in adjacent layers. Thereby Winding flow paths arise, through which liquid can flow through the piece of material.
I fig. 1 visas en perspektivvy av en materialbana. från vilken materialstycket i fig. 3 kan tillverkas. Denna materialbana utgöres företrädesvis av en cellulosafluffibermatta. ur vilken hålen 2 utstansats. Eventuellt kan s.k. superabsorberande ma- terial vara inblandat i den i fig. 1 visade mattan. Även en matta av vadd med tillsats av superabsorberande material kan tänkas. 10 15 20 25 30 465 304 Det uppfinningsenlíga materialstycket är mycket lämpligt att ingå som en del av en blöja eller ett inkontinensskydd och därvid användas som innersta skikt hos absorptionskroppen, dvs. vid användning vara placerad närmast bärarens kropp. inom området närmast vätpunkten. Uttömd vätska kan då förutom att till en del absorberas i materialstyckets översta skikt ström- ma igenom hälen 2 i det översta skiktet, delvis absorberas i det andra skiktet och strömma igenom detta via hålen 2 i detta skikt, delvis absorberas i det tredje skiktet och strömma ige- nom detta skikts hål 2 till det fjärde skiktet, delvis absor- beras i det fjärde skiktet och slutligen strömma igenom detta skikts hål till underliggande delar av absorptionskroppen, i vilken materialstycket ingår. En snabb vätsketransport från ytan in i absorptionskroppen sker således. vid en nära nog momentan uttömning av en stor mängd vätska i vätpunkten kommer större delen av denna vätska att strömma in i hålen 2 i det översta skiktet. Genomsläppligheten hos yt- skiktet är vid uttömningstidpunkten en funktion av hålarea per ytenhet och absorptionsförmågan, dvs. den mängd per tidsenhet som kan absorberas, hos ytskiktsmaterialet. Kring vätpunkten är hålarean per ytenhet av avgörande betydelse för storleken av den vätskemängd, som ögonblickligen kan upptagas. Det inses att man genom lämpligt val av hålarea per ytenhet kan begränsa den mängd, som inte ögonblickligen kan strömma in i hålen, till ett sådant värde att ytspridningen efter en sådan uttöm- ning begränsas till ett relativt litet område i ytskiktet så att det säkerställas att någon ytspridning till kanterna hos alstret, i vilket materialstycket ingår, inte sker.Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a web of material. from which the piece of material in Fig. 3 can be manufactured. This material web is preferably a cellulose fluffy mat. from which holes 2 punched out. Possibly, s.k. superabsorbent material is involved in the carpet shown in Fig. 1. Even one mat of wadding with the addition of superabsorbent material can thought. 10 15 20 25 30 465 304 The piece of material according to the invention is very suitable for included as part of a diaper or incontinence guard and thereby being used as the innermost layer of the absorbent body, i.e. when used, be placed closest to the wearer's body. within the area closest to the wet point. Drained fluid can then in addition to partly absorbed in the upper layer of the material piece ma through the heel 2 in the top layer, partially absorbed in the second layer and flow through it through the holes 2 therein layer, partially absorbed in the third layer and flowing through the hole 2 of this layer to the fourth layer, partially absorbed beras in the fourth layer and finally flow through this layer holes to underlying parts of the absorbent body, i which piece of material is included. A fast liquid transport from the surface into the absorbent body thus takes place. in the event of an almost instantaneous discharge of a large amount of liquid in the wetting point, most of this liquid will flow in in the holes 2 in the top layer. The permeability of surface the layer is at the time of discharge a function of hole area per surface unit and absorbency, ie. the quantity per unit of time which can be absorbed, of the surface layer material. Around the wet point is the hole area per unit area of decisive importance for the size of the amount of liquid that can be absorbed immediately. It is realized that a suitable choice of hole area per unit area can be limited the amount that cannot instantly flow into the holes, to such a value that the surface spread after such an is limited to a relatively small area in the surface layer so that it is ensured that some surface spread to the edges of the article, in which the piece of material is included, does not take place.
Såsom framgår av fig. 3 anligger de fyra skikten i material- stycket inte emot varandra. I det visade exemplet har detta enkelt åstadkommits genom att de veckade partiernas A, B, C kvarstående tendens att återgå till oveckat tillstånd har ut- nyttjats. Emellertid måste naturligtvis andra sätt användas om de olika skikten i materialstycket utgöres av separata skikt och inte åstadkommas genom vikning av en sammanhängande mate- 10 15 20 465 504 rialbana. I så fall kan exempelvis distansorgan i form av rib- bor eller liknande utformas på undersidorna av skikten.As can be seen from Fig. 3, the four layers of material paragraph not against each other. In the example shown, this has easily achieved by A, B, C of the pleated portions residual tendency to return to the unfolded state has used. However, of course, other ways must be reused the different layers in the piece of material consist of separate layers and is not achieved by folding a coherent material. 10 15 20 465 504 rialbana. In that case, for example, spacers in the form of ribs bores or the like are formed on the undersides of the layers.
Den genom hålen i det översta skiktet strömmande vätskan kom- mer således att strömma ut på underliggande absorptionsmate- rial i det andra skiktet. vid lokal mättnad i ytan hos detta skikt kommer vätskan att spridas vidare till det tredje skik- tet genom att strömma genom hålen i det andra skiktet. Samma strömningsmekanism gäller för alla underliggande skikt. Genom att skikten inte anligger mot varandra är strömningsmotståndet i materialstycket litet, varför detta ur strömningssynpunkt kan jämställas med en behållare med absorberande väggar. Voly- men hos denna "behållare" utgöres av summan av volymen av ut- rymmena mellan skikten och den totala hålvolymen. Material- stycket kan således i det närmaste momentant upptaga en väts- kemängd motsvarande denna "behållarvolym".The liquid flowing through the holes in the top layer is more so as to flow out on the underlying absorption material. rial in the second layer. at local saturation in the surface thereof layer, the liquid will spread to the third layer. by flowing through the holes in the second layer. Same flow mechanism applies to all underlying layers. Through that the layers do not abut each other is the flow resistance in the piece of material small, which is why from a flow point of view can be equated with a container with absorbent walls. Voly- but in this "container" the sum of the volume of discharges the spaces between the layers and the total hole volume. Material- paragraph can thus almost instantaneously absorb a liquid amount of chemical corresponding to this "container volume".
Förutom att bibehålla en mycket hög genomsläpplighet tills "behållaren" är fylld blir absorptionsförmågan högre hos mate- rialstycket enligt uppfinningen än hos ett homogent material- stycke av samma material. Detta inses enklast genom att bet- rakta en fylld "behållare". Om "behållarvolymen" är fylld är nämligen alla absorberande ytor i "behållarväggarna" samtidigt i kontakt med vätska, varför materialstyckets totala kapacitet snabbt kan utnyttjas. Eftersom vätskan vidare i stort sett ögonblickligen kommer i kontakt med underliggande absorptions- material med stor kapacitet kan detta börja absorbera vätska direkt efter uttömningen. vid mindre vätskemängder ökas ab- sorptionsförmågan jämfört med en homogen absorptionskropp på grund av att den från ett hål på underliggande skikt i mate- rialstycket nedströmmande vätskan i princip sprides på samma sätt som från vätpunkten, vilket således innebär att den ut- tömda vätskan strömmar ut i ett underliggande skikt fördelad i ett större antal vätpunkten, varigenom den yta som momentant kan utnyttjas för absorption blir större.In addition to maintaining a very high permeability until the "container" is filled, the higher the absorption capacity of the food the material piece according to the invention than in a homogeneous material piece of the same material. This is most easily understood by straighten a filled "container". If the "container volume" is filled is namely, all the absorbent surfaces of the "container walls" simultaneously in contact with liquid, hence the total capacity of the piece of material can be quickly utilized. Because the liquid further largely instantly comes into contact with the underlying absorption materials with large capacity, this can begin to absorb liquid immediately after discharge. with smaller amounts of liquid, sorption capacity compared to a homogeneous absorbent body on due to the fact that from a hole on the underlying layer of material the flowing fluid flowing in principle is spread on the same from the wet point, which means that the The emptied liquid flows out in an underlying layer distributed in a larger number of wetting point, whereby the surface as momentary can be used for absorption becomes larger.
'Det i fig. 3 visade materialstycket är främst avsett att ut- nyttjas vid absorptionsartiklar, såsom inkontinensskydd, under 10 15 20 25 30 35 465 584 vilkas användning en momentan uttömning av en stor vätskemängd kan förväntas ske och en stor "behållarvolym" därmed krävas för att förhindra att ytspridning sker inom ett alltför stort område. vid andra tillämpningar, t.ex. vid blöjor för små barn, vilka kräver en mindre "behållarvolym" kan skikten i ma- terialstycket få anligga mot varandra. För att tillförsäkra att vätskan ändå obehindrat kan strömma mellan skikten bör i så fall hålmönstret anordnas så att hålen överlappar varandra.The piece of material shown in Fig. 3 is primarily intended to be used in absorbent articles, such as incontinence guards, during 10 15 20 25 30 35 465 584 whose use is an instantaneous depletion of a large amount of liquid can be expected to occur and a large "container volume" is thus required to prevent surface spreading from occurring within an excessive area area. in other applications, e.g. for diapers too small children, which require a smaller "container volume", the layers in the material piece may abut against each other. To insure that the liquid can still flow freely between the layers should in in this case, the hole pattern is arranged so that the holes overlap.
Materialstycket i fig. 3 har tillverkats genom att den i fig. 2 visade delen av en materialbana 1 har bälgvikts kring vik- ningslinjerna A, B, C till den i fig. 3 visade konfigurationen.The piece of material in Fig. 3 has been manufactured by the one in Figs. 2 part of a web of material 1 has been bellows folded around the fold. lines A, B, C to the configuration shown in Fig. 3.
Andra sätt att tillverka ett materialstycke enligt uppfinning- en är naturligtvis möjliga. Exempelvis kan materialbanan 1 av- skäras längs linjerna A, B, C och de avskurna delarna läggas ovanpå varandra och på lämpligt sätt fästas till varandra, eventuellt med hjälp av mellanliggande distansorgan.Other ways of manufacturing a piece of material according to the invention one is of course possible. For example, the material web 1 can be cut along lines A, B, C and the cut parts are laid on top of each other and appropriately attached to each other, possibly by means of intermediate spacers.
Genom uppfinningen åstadkommes således ett absorberande mate- rialstycke med hög genomsläpplighet och absorptionsförmåga, vilket är mycket ïätt att tillverka utgående från en material- bana med utstansat hålmönster. vid användning av ett sådant materialstycke i en absorberande engångsartikels absorptions- kropp begränsas ytspridning kring vätpunkten till ett relativt litet område genom de goda spridningsegenskaperna i djupled hos materialstycket enligt uppfinningen. Detta innebär att ar- tikelns totala absorptionskapacitet kan koncentreras till ett relativt litet område utan att risken för att kantläckage skall uppstå innan artikelns totala kapacitet har utnyttjats blir större.The invention thus provides an absorbent material material with high permeability and absorbency, which is very easy to manufacture from a material course with punched hole pattern. when using one piece of material in the absorption of a disposable absorbent article body surface spread around the wetting point is limited to a relative small area due to the good spreading properties in depth of the piece of material according to the invention. This means that The total absorption capacity of the article can be concentrated to one relatively small area without the risk of edge leakage shall arise before the total capacity of the article has been used gets bigger.
Ett flertal modifieringar av det beskrivna materialstycket kan naturligtvis göras utan att lämna ramen för uppfinningen, spe- ciellt med avseende på hålmönstrets utformning, hålens form och antalet skikt i materialstycket. Exempelvis kan dimensio- nerna hos hålen i de olika skikten progressivt minskas för att åstadkomma ett progressivt ökande strömningsmotstånd och det 465 304 undre skíktet kan göras hållöst för att åstadkomma en sluten "behållare" med absorberande väggar. Uppfínníngen skall därför endast begränsas av innehållet i bifogade patentkrav.Several modifications of the described piece of material can of course be made without departing from the scope of the invention, especially with regard to the design of the hole pattern, the shape of the holes and the number of layers in the piece of material. For example, dimensional the holes of the holes in the different layers are progressively reduced to achieve a progressively increasing flow resistance and that 465 304 the lower layer can be made durable to achieve a closed one "containers" with absorbent walls. The invention should therefore limited only by the content of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8904315A SE465304B (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1989-12-21 | ABSORBING MATERIAL PIECE FOR USE IN ABSORBING disposable articles, such as diapers or incontinence cover |
| AU70334/91A AU7033491A (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1990-12-14 | An absorbent component for use in disposable absorbent articles, such as diapers or incontinence guards |
| PCT/SE1990/000837 WO1991009583A1 (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1990-12-14 | An absorbent component for use in disposable absorbent articles, such as diapers or incontinence guards |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8904315A SE465304B (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1989-12-21 | ABSORBING MATERIAL PIECE FOR USE IN ABSORBING disposable articles, such as diapers or incontinence cover |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8904315D0 SE8904315D0 (en) | 1989-12-21 |
| SE8904315L SE8904315L (en) | 1991-06-22 |
| SE465304B true SE465304B (en) | 1991-08-26 |
Family
ID=20377834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8904315A SE465304B (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1989-12-21 | ABSORBING MATERIAL PIECE FOR USE IN ABSORBING disposable articles, such as diapers or incontinence cover |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU7033491A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE465304B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991009583A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5352217A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-10-04 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having multiple topsheets |
| US5803920A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-09-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Thin absorbent article |
| WO1996041146A2 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus for measuring the crush recovery of an absorbent article |
| US5675079A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-10-07 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus for measuring the crush recovery of an absorbent article |
| AU729734B2 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2001-02-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Thin absorbent article |
| US5603707A (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-02-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having a rewet barrier |
| DE19609462A1 (en) | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-18 | Kimberly Clark Gmbh | Absorbent article and method for the directed discharge of locally escaping fluids |
| US6802834B2 (en) † | 2002-01-15 | 2004-10-12 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article having discontinuous absorbent core |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1492430A1 (en) * | 1965-02-12 | 1970-09-03 | ||
| US3889679A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1975-06-17 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Disposable diaper with holes or wells |
| US4443512A (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1984-04-17 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Absorbent article with densified areas |
-
1989
- 1989-12-21 SE SE8904315A patent/SE465304B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-12-14 WO PCT/SE1990/000837 patent/WO1991009583A1/en unknown
- 1990-12-14 AU AU70334/91A patent/AU7033491A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8904315D0 (en) | 1989-12-21 |
| WO1991009583A1 (en) | 1991-07-11 |
| SE8904315L (en) | 1991-06-22 |
| AU7033491A (en) | 1991-07-24 |
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