SE458500B - Prodn. of individual bridges for dentures - Google Patents

Abstract

The tooth bone/work model (20) has a number of fixture points for the different module elements (A,B...G). The first two module elements (A,B) are joined to a beam-shaped component (a), the second and third (B,C) are joined to a similar component (b), and the third and fourth (C,D) together with the fifth and sixth (F,G) are similarly joined (c,d). The fourth, fifth and sixth elements (D,E,F) locate directly against each other. The module elements are selected from prefabricated forms so that, dependent upon the jawbone arc-shape, and the positioning and extent of the anchoring components, they can form a bridge connected to the jawbone, and forming a body for the required teeth set. The selection occurs so that the connecting surface (22) for the first element (22,A) is made to face the connecting surface (23) on the element (B) adjacent to it in the bridge. The beam-shaped components incorporated in the bridge are adjusted to their positions in the primary stage of prodn. Such components are fastened at their ends to the module elements which they join, via their connecting surfaces. In a second prodn. stage, the module elements and beams are welded together, the work being followed with a magnifying glass to ensure adjustment of surfaces via which the welding operation is effected.

Description

458 500 2 In hitherto known bridge elements, modular elements of essentially only one are used basic structure for one and the same bridge. Due to the large differences that present in the dentin structure for different people entails the proposed the principle that when assembling a bridge, the modular elements must be extensive processing is carried out in order to obtain the desired wade the brew form.

Lösnmcsu The main object of the present invention is to propose a method which solves i.a. this problem and thereby takes advantage of the insight that the bridge can be constructed in cheap and common material, e.g. titanium.

According to the invention, a number of compatible basic embodiments are to be used of the modular element, from which basic embodiments such modular elements are selected which enables the construction of one against the individual tooth bone shape corresponding bridge / bridge.

What can be considered more specifically to characterize the new method is that resp. mo- dule elements are selected depending on resp. tooth shape and anchoring elements positions and distances among a number of prefabricated designs module elements and that the module elements thus selected are designed with or assigned connection surfaces via which next to each other on the tooth bone / - module elements placed in the working model are adaptable to each other in their positions in the bridge in a first manufacturing step and in a second steps can be assembled, preferably by welding, with each other directly or via beam-shaped elements which are thereby included in a prefabricated set of beam-shaped elements with one or more mutually different constructions forms of nads.

In one embodiment of the inventive concept, it is proposed that they in the bridge possibly constituent beam-shaped elements are adapted to their positions in the bridge in the said first manufacturing step.

In one embodiment, resp. module element to its on the tooth bone / working model assigned fasteners so that its connection surface is directed towards the connecting surface of adjacent elements, etc. Resp. module- 3 458 SÜÛ The connecting surface of the element can then be substantially parallel to the adjacent connecting element of the current element.

Resp. any beams included in the bridge are attached at their ends to those of the beam-connected module elements, via the abutment surfaces of the latter.

In a preferred embodiment, the second manufacturing step is welded together the module elements and any beam (s) with the aid of welding equipment with magnification apparatus for visual inspection of the alignment of surfaces via which welding must be effected. The one performed in the first manufacturing step the fitting procedure can be done with the help of mounting equipment that can support the working model and is equipped with the corresponding magnification equipment to enable visual inspection during the fitting procedure.

BENEFITS Kits with statistically pre-designed module elements can be used. The number basic shapes of the module element can be kept relatively low, and e.g. out- made of about 10 different module elements. These can be used in the fitting stage directly or subjected to only minor processing (grinding) for achieving optimal shape in the pier. Such fitting work can be done with grinding equipment equipped with eyepiece inspection equipment. The beaten principle provides a simple and accurate manufacturing method for bridges of related kind.

A presently proposed embodiment of a method which exhibits those for significant characteristics of the invention will be described in the following simultaneous reference to the accompanying drawings therein figure 1 in vertical section shows a module element applied to a pin implanted in a tooth bone, Figures Za-Ze show in horizontal view five different basic designs for modular elements useful in the new method, wherein solid and dashed lines show different embodiments in resp. case, 458 500 4 Figures 3a-3c show from the side three different variants of beam-shaped elements that are useful as connecting elements to module learners, Figures 4a-4b in vertical section show prefixing means for the beams shaped elements according to Figures 3a-3c in the modular elements according to Figures 2a-2d, Figures Sa-Sd show in side views different designs of the module elements (cf. the module elements according to Figures Za-Zd), Figures 6a-6b in perspective view obliquely from above show examples of the complete shapes of the module elements, Figure 7 in horizontal view shows the placement of different module elements ment in a bridge attachable in. fasteners on a working model, and figure 8 in side view and in partial section shows selected module element placements on the working model.

BEST PERFORMANCE In Figure 1, the principal attachment of a module element 1 to an i a tooth bone 2 implanted pin or anchoring element 3 shown. Attachment the connection takes place via a so-called spacer element 4 having the shape of a screw which is screwable in the anchoring element 3. Screw 4 has “in turn an internal thread for a screw 5, by means of which the module element 1 is screwable into the sleeve.

The screwing can be done from the top via a recess 1a in the module element 1.

In accordance with the new method, a number of different variants of ment be used. Figures 2a-2e show the possibilities of variation in horizontal plane, while the variation possibilities in the side plane are shown in Figures Sa-Sd.

Examples of the complete forms are shown in Figures Sa-öb. 5 458 S00 According to the example in Figure 2a, the horizontal section of the module element 1 'may ha the shape of a rectangle or square. The recess for screw 5 (cf. the figure l) is in this case indicated by la '. The module element may be provided with fixing means for beam-shaped element 7 connectable to the module element which is shown in detail in Figures Sa-3c. The beam-shaped element has a corresponding with the fixing means 6 cooperating fixing means. The fixing means 6 and 7 can consist of recess resp. tap or vice versa. Figure 2e shows example of asymmetrical application of the hole la '.

The element according to figure 2a can in an alternative embodiment consist of a curved shape indicated by the dashed lines 8 and 9. The curved the shape is intended to join the main arcuate stretch for a tooth bone. For pre-fixing purposes, the end faces 10 and 11 may also be on the rectangle be curved.

The embodiment according to Figure 5 is trapezoidal. The side surfaces can in an alternative native embodiment assume arcuate sections 8 'and 9' also in this case.

The embodiments according to Figures 2c and Zd differ from the embodiment according to Figure 2b in that the angles 0 (, 0 ('and 0¿ "assume different values. the walking direction of the beam-shaped element 7 'becomes different in the different ones fallen. It is possible to arrange the module element so that the trapezoidal the shape becomes non-shaped by e.g. let one side follow it dashed line 10 in accordance with Figure 2c.

The beam-shaped elements according to Figures 3a-3c can be constituted according to Figure 3a of a rod-shaped element 7 "which may then have a square cross-section, around cross-sections, etc. According to Figures 3b and -c, the end surfaces 11, 11 'and 12, 12 'is skewed to varying degrees in relation to the long sides of the side view 14. Further only one end surface 11 or 12 can be inclined. One or both of the spirit surfaces may be provided with the pin-shaped fixing member 15 mentioned above.

Figures 4a and 4b show different fixing principles for the beam-shaped element. element 7 "'in the module element 1'. The latter has a recess 16 for it pin-shaped element 15. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4b, the modular the element 1 "'is provided with a shoulder 17 for the beam-shaped element 7" ". 458 500 'i 6 In accordance with Figures Sa-Sd, the side views may also vary in the different basic the designs. Move the connection part 18 itself towards other module elements and towards any beam-shaped elements, the module element may have the trapezoidal shape according to FIG. pure Sa, rectangular or square shape according to Figure Sb and vice versa trapezoidal shape according to figure Sc. Figure 5a shows the case of equal trapezoidal angles. lar ß. Figure 5d shows the case of different angles ß 'and 18 "in the trapezoidal the form. Figure 5c shows another fastening principle for the one with dashed lines lines showed the anchoring screw S '. The module element in this case has one such truncated cone-shaped recess, via which the module element is a threadable one conformal spacer member attached to pin 3 (Fig. 1). Figure Sb shows with dashed lines are examples of an osy- .rmnetric or eccentric placement of parts ld (cf. figure Ze).

Thus, in accordance with Figure 6a, the module element may be assigned the shape of a truncated pyramid 19 or con. The sides of the pyramid can then be given different slopes and also assigned bågforlner. The base of the truncated 'pyramid may be rec- tangular, square, trapezoidal, parallelogram-shaped, etc. and the straight ones the surfaces of the base according to Figure Ga can be arcuate as above.

The module element according to Figure Gb may be cube-shaped or parallelepiped-shaped. food. In accordance with the above, the different demarcation surfaces can be given different designs. on the other hand, in order to obtain corresponding bodies. It is also possible to make the part 18 'globular with chamfers at the fixing tail 16', 16 ", etc. Said fixing holes can be arranged in large numbers around the module element part 18 'outward-facing sides. _ In Figure 7, a working model corresponding to the design of an individual tooth bone indicated by 20. The tooth bone / working model is provided with a number mounting points for the various module elements A, B. ..G. Hodule elements A and B has been joined to a beam-shaped element a, the module elements B and C have with the beam-shaped element b, the module elements C and D have been joined with the beam-shaped element c and the module elements F and G have been joined to it beam-shaped element d. The module elements D, E, F abut directly against each other via their contact or meeting areas.

The module elements are selected as follows. that they are adapted to the curved shape of the model and to the locations and routes of the fasteners. The location of the attachment 1 458 5GB coincide in accordance with Figure 1 with the center of the modulus elements. line. The center line of the module element A has been indicated by 21. The module elements selected from a number of prefabricated module elements so that they of the arch shape of the jawbone and said locations and stretches for anchoring the ring elements can form a bridge that connects to the jawbone and can form the frame for the desired set of teeth. The selection is made appropriately. so that the connection surface 22 for a first element 22 (A) faces the connecting surface 23 on the module element (B) closest to the bridge.

Preferably, the choice of module elements takes place so that the said are set against each other connection surfaces 22 and 23 are substantially parallel in the bridge. In it cases, which apply to e.g. module elements A and B, the anchoring elements' placed at such a distance that the connection surfaces 22 and 23 do not enter contact with each other. In this case, a beam-shaped element according to the set from that shown in Figures Ba-3c. Said beam-shaped elements fixed, e.g. with specified fixing means, to the module elements A and B below both the fitting stage and the subsequent joining stage. As for module elements D, E and F, these have been able to be selected so that a direct contact arisen via the contact surfaces, e.g. abutment surfaces 24 (on the module elements D) and 25 (on the module element E). The module element H 'is shown in dashed lines. which is of the type shown in Figures 2e and 5b. The element H 'extends substantially perpendicular to the beam c. When using an element H ' its side surfaces 26, 27 are used as connection surfaces for two beam elements cl and c2 between the elements H 'and C and D respectively D. This case is relevant when attached ~ the point of attachment of the bridge in the dental bone is considerably adjacent to the gingival sac, for example near or in the palate. Alternatively, the element H 'may form one common element with the beam parts c1 and c2. Alternatively, attachment of H ' via its short end to the side of a beam-shaped element or other modular element. The element H 'can also be attached to another or other module elements.

The module elements must also be selected from the prefabricated elements so that adjustment in accordance with Figure 8 will take place. The embodiment according to figure 8 does not correspond to the embodiment according to figure 7 but is retrieved from another work model. The module elements in this case have been designated H, I, K ... P. The beam-shaped elements have been given the designations e, f. G and h.

The fitting principle corresponds to that described for Figure 7. Legal shaft 21 '(cf. bearing shaft 21 in Fig. 7) for the element H falls with the bearing shaft of the anchoring element 3 '. x 458 500 8 The method of manufacturing a bridge can be considered to include a first and a other manufacturing steps. In the first manufacturing step, the modular elements and any beam-shaped elements are fitted together. In it In the second manufacturing step, the module elements and any or the beams to a solid bridge in one piece. The joining takes place preferably by means of welding, which is especially true of the material titanium in modular elements and beams. In both production stages, a horizontal the planar displaceable worktop, to which the working model is attached. bar. The worktop can also be tilted in all directions. Fit and welding (eg laser welding) takes place during the simultaneous use of ringing equipment that enables visual inspection of resp. manufacturing steps. IN in the case the beam-shaped elements are used, in one embodiment welding takes place at both ends of the beam-shaped element. Alternatively, it can be beam-shaped the element is pre-attached to one of the module elements.

The method is thus based on a number of non-shaped bodies being used as building blocks in bridge production, which is divided into an adaptation phase and a fastening stage. The number of building blocks is relatively few. 6-12 building blocks may be relevant, preferably 8-10 building blocks.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown above by way of example. but may be subject to modifications within the scope of the following patent claims or the inventive concept.

Claims (7)

PATENT REQUIREMENTS Method of producing, on an ongoing basis, individually designed bridges for artificial dentures using working models (20, 20 ') which form imprints of dentin, possibly with associated surrounding parts of the dentin, on the persons who are to use the dentures and in which working models are included fastening means (3 ') corresponding to in resp. dental bone implanted anchoring elements (pin 3), whereby preferably prefabricated module elements (1) are used which are attachable to the fastening means (3 ') and are mutually assemblable to form resp. bridge, k ä n n e t e c k n a d thereof, that resp. module elements are selected depending on resp. the shape and stretches of the anchoring elements and the positions and stretches of the anchoring elements among a number of modular elements prefabricated with different designs and that the modular elements thus selected are formed with or assigned connecting surfaces (24, 25) via which modular elements placed next to each other on the bone (working model) are adaptable to each other. their positions in the bridge in a first manufacturing step and in a second manufacturing step can be assembled, preferably by welding, with each other directly or via beam-shaped elements (7) which are thereby included in a prefabricated set of beam-shaped elements with one or more basic shapes. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that beam-shaped elements included in the bridge are also adapted to their positions in the bridge in said first manufacturing step. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that resp. module elements are selected and applied to their fastening means (3 ') assigned to the tooth bone so that its connection surface is directed towards the connection surface of adjacent elements, etc. 4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that resp. the connection surface of the module element is substantially parallel to the connection surface of the adjacent element. 458 500 10 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that resp. the beam (7) included in the bridge is fastened at its ends to the module elements connected by the beam, via their connecting surfaces. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the second manufacturing step the module elements and possibly (a) beams / beams are welded together with welding equipment with associated magnifying equipment for ocular inspection of the alignment of the surfaces via which welding shall be effected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at an attachment point located at a considerable distance from the main arch of the dentin, an element is selected which extends perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly to another modular element and / or beam-shaped / beam-shaped elements which resp. attached to the perpendicularly extending element at its sides or short end. '