SE456096B

SE456096B - WORKING MACHINERY FOR EQUIPMENT

Info

Publication number: SE456096B
Application number: SE8305435A
Authority: SE
Inventors: O Nilsson; T Larsson
Original assignee: Bofors Wear Parts Ab
Priority date: 1983-10-04
Filing date: 1983-10-04
Publication date: 1988-09-05
Also published as: EP0195107A1; SE8305435D0; EP0195107B1; SE8305435L

Description

456 .096 2 utformade till varandra anpassade han- och honorgan. Vid sammankopplingen träs alltså hanorganet in i honorganet varefter dessas:nﬂ¿tivrörelser spärras med det tvärs parter- nas sammankopplingsriktning anordnade låsorganet. Om hanor- ganet är en del av hållaren eller spetsen är egentligen ganska ointressant rent idemässigt. För att erhålla en i görligaste mån glappfri passning mellan han- och honorganen görs hanorganet som regel en smula kilformat och honorganets insider anpassas till samma kilform. Det normala är vidare att hanorganets huvudriktning sammanfaller med parternas sammankopplingsriktning som i sin tur sammanfaller med verk- tygets huvudarbetsriktning. Han- och honorganen kommer allt- så att pressas mot varandra för att ge en glappfri passning sinsemellan så snart verktyget är i arbete med att bearbeta jorden. Detta arrangemang har emllertid den nackdelen att det tidigare omtalade låsorganet måste ta upp_samtliga ut- dragskrafter som påverkar spetsen då verktyget dras till- baka genom den bearbetade jorden. Utdragskrafterna kan bli ganska stora och de är dessutom en synnerligen ofta åter- kommande belastningstyp. Man har därför sett en tendens att införa allt kraftigare låsorgan samtidigt med att man introducerat modifierade slitdelssystem på marknaden. 456 .096 2 designed male and female organs adapted to each other. At the interconnection is thus threaded into the male member into the female member after which their negative movements are blocked by the cross-party the coupling direction of the locking means. About hanor- the ganet is part of the holder or the tip is really quite uninteresting purely ideologically. To obtain an i as far as possible loose play between the male and female organs the male member is usually made a bit wedge-shaped and the female member insider is adapted to the same wedge shape. The normal is further that the principal direction of the male organ coincides with that of the parties direction of interconnection which in turn coincides with the the main working direction of the fabric. The male and female organs will all- so as to press against each other to provide a play-free fit among themselves as soon as the tool is in the process of machining the earth. However, this arrangement has the disadvantage that the previously mentioned locking means must accommodate all the tensile forces which affect the tip when the tool is pulled bake through the processed soil. The pulling forces can be quite large and, moreover, they are an extremely frequent future load type. A trend has therefore been seen to introduce increasingly powerful locking means at the same time as introduced modified wear part systems on the market.

Föreliggande uppfinning har nu till uppgift att introducera ett nytt slitdelssystem där en del av de utdragskrafter som påverkar sammankopplingen mellan systemets parter överförs direkt mellan parternas han- och honorgan utan användning av ett låsorgan som mellanstycke. Detta innebär att han- och honorganens mot varandra vända kontaktytor skall pressas tillbaka genom den bearbetade jorden. Om låsorganet samtidigt är placerat på hanorganets andra sida kommer de utdragskraf- ter som påverkar slitdelens parter att dels överföras direkt mellan han- och honorganets mot varandra anliggande kontakt- ytor längs hanorganets ena sida medan den andra delan av ut- dragskrafterna kommer att överföras mellan han- och honorga- net via låsorganet.The present invention now has for its object to introduce a new wear part system where some of the pulling forces that affects the interconnection between the system parties is transferred directly between the male and female organs of the parties without the use of a locking member as an intermediate piece. This means that he- and the contact surfaces of the female members must be pressed back through the cultivated soil. About the locking means at the same time is located on the other side of the male member, the pull-out which affect the parties of the wear part to be transferred directly between the male and female members of the abutting contact surfaces along one side of the male member while the other part of the the traction forces will be transferred between the male and female net via the locking means.

För låsorganet finns det ett spår i vardera han- och honorga- net. Dessa spår bildar tillsammans en tunnel eller öppning i vilken låsorganet - kan föras in och där överbrygga av- 456 096 ståndet mellan varandra motstående låsytor i han- och honorgan varigenom dessas inbördes rörelse spärras.For the locking member, there is a groove in each male and female member. net. These tracks together form a tunnel or opening into which the locking means - can be inserted and where the bridge 456 096 the position between opposite locking surfaces in male and female organs whereby their mutual movement is blocked.

Genom att utdragskrafterna längs honorganets ena sida överförs direkt mellan detta och hanorganet kan belast- ningen på lâsorganet minskas i väsentlig grad.By the pulling forces along one side of the female organ transferred directly between this and the male member can be the load on the locking member is significantly reduced.

Sammankopplingen mellan han- och honorganen har ytterligare förbättrats genom att honorganet längs sin andra begräns- ningsyta där lâsorganet är placerat, förses, dels med en in mot hanorganet vänd förtjockning i vilken honorganets lås- spår är anordnat dels med vid dess ytterände anordnade lås- klackar för vilka, det utformas spår eller öppningar i de mot varandra angränsande slitdelsparterna. För den tidigare nämnda förtjockningen finns ett spår eller urgröpning i hanorganet, vilken utgör en direkt fortsättning av hanorga- nets låsspår.The connection between the male and female organs has further improved by the female organ along its second limitation surface where the locking means is located, is provided, partly with an in thickening facing the male member in which the female member grooves are arranged partly with locks arranged at its outer end heels for which, it is designed grooves or openings in the adjacent wear parts. For the former said thickening there is a groove or cavity in the male organ, which is a direct continuation of the male organ. nets locking groove.

Hanorganets längd skall nu vara så avpassad att följande metodik för sammankopplingen av två samhörande parter kan utnyttjas.The length of the male member should now be so adapted to the following methodology for the interconnection of two related parties can exploited.

Parterna vinkelställs först mer relativt varandra än vad som motsvarar skillnaden mellan huvudarbetsriktningen och parternas sammankopplingsriktning anger. Med parternas sam- mankopplingsriktning menas den riktning längs vilken han- och honorganen skjuts samman till en tät anliggning mellan parterna. I detta första vinkelställda läge skjuts parter- na samman så pass mycket att honorganets förtjockning når fram till låsspåret i hanorganet. Då minskas vinkeln mellan parterna i och med att honorganets förtjockning förs ned i hanorganets lâsspâr. För att detta förfarande skall vara möj- ligt får hanorganct ej vara för långt och honorganets basyta, som alltså ligger mitt emot förtjockningen, får ej sträcka sig längre bakåt i sammankopplingsriktningen än till ungefär i höjd med hanorganets mot förtjockningen vända lâsyta. Då parterna nu vinklats in mot varandra kan de skjutas samman i sammankopplingsriktningen till en tät anliggning mellan han- och honorgan varefter låsorganet förs in mellan parterna och spärrar dessas relativrörelser. 456 Û96 4 Slitdelssystemet enligt uppfinningen har definierats i de efterföljande patentkraven och skall nu något ytterligare beskrivas i samband med ett utföringsexempel åskådliggjort på bifogade ritningar.The parties are first angled more relative to each other than what corresponding to the difference between the main direction of work and the direction of interconnection of the parties. With the cooperation of the uncoupling direction means the direction along which the and the female members are pushed together into a tight abutment between the parties. In this first angular position, the partners are pushed together so much that the thickening of the female organ reaches up to the locking groove in the male member. Then the angle between is reduced the parties as the thickening of the female organ is reduced in male lock latch. In order for this procedure to be possible the male organ must not be too long and the base surface of the female organ, which is thus opposite the thickening, must not stretch further back in the coupling direction than to approximately at the height of the locking surface facing the male member towards the thickening. Then the parties are now angled towards each other, they can be pushed together in the direction of interconnection to a close contact between the and female means after which the locking means is inserted between the parties and blocks their relative movements. 456 Û96 4 The wear part system according to the invention has been defined in the subsequent claims and shall now be somewhat further described in connection with an exemplary embodiment illustrated on the accompanying drawings.

Figur 1 visar en sidoprojektion av slitdelssystemet enligt uppfinningen Figur 2 visar en delvis längs linjen II-II snittad lodvy av figur 1.Figure 1 shows a side projection of the wear part system according to the invention Figure 2 shows a partially sectioned vertical view of the line II-II figure 1.

Figur 3 visar snittet III-III i figur 1.Figure 3 shows the section III-III in figure 1.

Figur 4 visar snittet IV-IV i figur 1.Figure 4 shows the section IV-IV in figure 1.

Figurerna 5-7 visar i sidoprojektion olika långt komna samman- kopplingar av slitdelssystemets parter.Figures 5-7 show in side projection different advanced couplings of the wear part system parts.

Motsvarande detaljer har givits motsvarande beteckningar på samtliga figurer.Corresponding details have been given corresponding designations for all figures.

Det på figurerna visade slitdelssystemet enligt uppfinningen består av två huvudparter nämligen en tand 1 och en hållare 2.The wear part system according to the invention shown in the figures consists of two main parts, namely a tooth 1 and a holder 2.

Den senare är fastsvetsad vid främre delen av skäret 3 till en lastskopa. Den på figuren visade slitdelssystemvarianten utgörs nämligen av en lastartand med hållare, men uppfinningen gäller generellt för alla typer av slitdelar enligt tidigare given definition.The latter is welded to the front part of the insert 3 more a load bucket. The wear part system variant shown in the figure namely consists of a loader tooth with holder, but the invention applies generally to all types of wear parts as before given definition.

Hâllaren 2 är utformad med ett framåt i lastkopnß 3 huvudar- betsritning A utstickande hanorgan 4. Hanorganet 4 avgränsas av fyra i huvudsak plana ytor av vilka åtminstone de tvâ varandra motstående uppåt och nedåt vända ytorna är vinklade relativt varandra så att hanroganet får.en stympad kilform.The holder 2 is formed with a forward part of the load head 3 staining A protruding male member 4. The male member 4 is delimited of four substantially flat surfaces of which at least the two the upwardly and downwardly facing surfaces are angled relative to each other so that the male rogue has a truncated wedge shape.

Hanorganets 4 kilform är ca 12°. Dessa ytor utgörs av en nedåt vänd basyta 5 och en andra begränsningsyta 6 som av- bryts av ett uppåt, bakåt och åt sidorna öppet låsspâr 7.The 4 wedge shape of the male member is about 12 °. These surfaces consist of a downwardly facing base surface 5 and a second boundary surface 6 which broken by an upward, backward and sideways open locking groove 7.

Detta bildas av två relativt varandra vinkelställda spårkan- ter 8 och 9. Hanorganets basyta 5 och dess andra begränsnings~ yta 6 är förenade medelst kantytor 10 och 11. Tanden är utfor- mad med ett honorgan d v s en hålighet 12 som uppvisar en 5 p_ 456 096 uppåt vänd bastya 13 anpassad för anliggning mot hanorga- nets basyta 5, en motstâende nedåt vänd andra begränsninge- yta 14, anpassad för anliggning med hanorganets andra begräns- Qingsytä_ 6, samt tvâ dessa bägge ytor förenade kantytor 26. 27. _ I den andra begränsningsytan 14 finns ett låsspår 15 bildat av två vinkelställda spârkanter 16 och 17. Då tanden 1 är sammankopplad med hållaren 2 bildar lâsspâren 7 och 15 tillsammans cn tunnel i vilken ett låsorgan kan föras in. Då låsorganet överbryggar avståndet mellan de motstående spår- kanterna 8 och 16 respektive 9 och 17 spärrar det effektivt relativförskjutningen mellan tanden 1 och hâllaren 2. Som framgår av figur 4 utgörs låsorganet här av en massiv i sin längsriktning kurvad låsregel 18 med rektangulärt tvärsnitt.This is formed by two relatively angled track edges. 8 and 9. The base surface 5 of the male member 5 and its second limitation ~ surface 6 are joined by means of edge surfaces 10 and 11. The tooth is formed mad with a female organ i.e. a cavity 12 having one 5 p_ 456 096 upward facing sauna 13 adapted for abutment against male organs base surface 5 of the net, an opposite downward facing second limitation surface 14, adapted for abutment with the second limiter of the male member. Qingsytä_ 6, and two of these two surfaces joined edge surfaces 26. 27. _ In the second limiting surface 14 there is a locking groove 15 formed by two angled groove edges 16 and 17. Then the tooth 1 is connected to the holder 2 forming the locking grooves 7 and 15 together a tunnel into which a locking means can be inserted. Then the locking means bridges the distance between the opposing grooves edges 8 and 16 and 9 and 17, respectively, effectively block it the relative displacement between the tooth 1 and the holder 2. As As can be seen from Figure 4, the locking means here consists of a solid in its longitudinally curved locking bolt 18 with rectangular cross section.

Den kurvade formen är inte nödvändig" men kan vara praktisk av åtkomlighetsskäl då slitdelarna sitter tätt. För att lâs- regeln 18 inte skall lossna under arbetets gång kan den för- ses med en separat eller inbyggd spärr. Ett flertal olika spärrtyper är kända men någon dylik spärr har ej medtagits på figurerna för att dessa ej skall förlora i tydlighet. Bort- om lâsspâret 15 fortsätter tandens honorgan i form av ett överhäng som avslutas med en förtjockning 19 vars framåt vända kan utgörs av spârkanten 17. Pâ ömse sidor om denna förtjock- ning är tanden 1 vidare försedd med klackar 20, 21 som är stympat kilformade med spetsen i motsatt riktning som huvud- arbetsriktningen A. För dessa stympat kilformade klackar finns det motsvarande kilformade spår 22, 23 i hâllaren. Då tanden 1 är i arbete i riktningen A tvingar alltså kilförbanden mel- lan han- och honorganen 4 och 12 och mellan klackarna 20, 21 och deras spår 22, 23 parterna till en glappfri kontakt. Från klackarnas 20, 21 bakkant sträcker sig tanden 1 med två sido- väggar 24, 25 i en jämn kurva ned mot tandens botten och bas- ytan 13. Sidoväggarna 24, 25 bildar inåt kantytorna 26, 27 som utgör de delar av tandens honorgan som anligger mot kant- ytorna 10 och 11 i hâllarens 2 hanorgan. I -Siä9väggarna 24, 25 finns det vidare öppningar 28, 29 för låsregeln 18.The curved shape is not necessary "but can be practical for accessibility reasons as the wear parts are tight. To lock rule 18 should not come loose during the work, it may be seen with a separate or built-in latch. Several different block types are known but no such block has been included on the figures so that these do not lose in clarity. Away- if the locking groove 15 continues the female means of the tooth in the form of a overhang ending with a thickening 19 whose forward facing may consist of the ridge edge 17. On either side of this thickening The tooth 1 is further provided with lugs 20, 21 which are truncated wedge-shaped with the tip in the opposite direction as the main working direction A. For these truncated wedge-shaped heels are available the corresponding wedge-shaped groove 22, 23 in the holder. Then the tooth 1 is in operation in the direction A thus forces the wedge joints between male and female members 4 and 12 and between the lugs 20, 21 and their tracks 22, 23 parties to a flawless contact. From the rear edge of the lugs 20, 21 extends the tooth 1 with two lateral walls 24, 25 in a smooth curve down towards the bottom of the tooth and the surface 13. The side walls 24, 25 form inwardly the edge surfaces 26, 27 which constitute the parts of the female organ of the tooth which abut against the edge the surfaces 10 and 11 in the male members of the holder 2. I -Siä9väggarna 24, 25 there are further openings 28, 29 for the locking bolt 18.

Enligt uppfinningen är han- och honorganen så anordnade att deras hopkopplingsriktning R bildar en vinkel med huvudarbets- riktningen A. Som redan.påpekats bildar även basytorna 5 och 13 en vinkel med huvudarbetsriktningen. Detta innebär att då sko- 456 096 6 pan 3 backas tillbaka ur den bearbetade jorden och tanden 1 utsättes för en dragkraft i motsatt riktning mot huvud- arbetsriktningen A så kommer tandens ibasyta 13 att pressas mot hâllarens basyta 5. En stor del av utdragskraften kom- mer alltså därvid att överföras direkt mellan tand och hålla- re och inte som tidigare då all utdragskraft har tagits upp av lâsorganet. Naturligtvis måste den del av utdragskraften även vid denna konstruktion tas upp av lâsregel 18 men be- lastningen blir väsentligt lägre än vid tidigare konstruk- tioner. Tandens basyta 13 överför dessutom alla på tandens undersida verkande krafter direkt till hållaren.According to the invention, the male and female means are arranged so that their coupling direction R forms an angle with the main working direction A. As already pointed out, the base surfaces 5 and 13 also form an angle with the main working direction. This means that when shoes 456 096 6 pan 3 is backed out of the worked soil and tooth 1 is subjected to a tensile force in the opposite direction to the main working direction A, the ibas surface 13 of the tooth will be pressed against the base surface of the holder 5. A large part of the pull-out force more thus being transferred directly between the tooth and the re and not as before when all extraction has been taken up of the locking means. Of course, that part of the pull must also in this construction is taken up by locking rule 18 but the load will be significantly lower than with previous constructions tioner. The base surface 13 of the tooth also transfers all of the tooth to the tooth underside forces directly to the holder.

Det ovan beskrivna slitdelssystemet uppvisar förutom den relativt arbetsrikiningen snedställda hopkopplingsriktningen R även tandens överhäng med förtjockningen 19 och klackarna 20 och 21. Detta medför att det på figur 5-7 visade förfaran- det för hopkoppling av systemets delar måste användas. I in- ledningsskedet som visas på figur 5 tippas tanden 1 ned betyd- ligt mer än vad som motsvarar hopkopplingsriktningen. Detta görs för att klackarna 20 och 21 och förtjockningen 19 skall kunna föras förbi längs hanorganets uppåt vända begränsnings- yta 6. Som framgår av figur 5 får honorganets 12 basyta 13 inte vara för lång för att detta skall vara möjligt. Lämpli- gen bör denna sluta ungefär i höjd med spåren för lâsorganet.The above-described wear part system exhibits in addition to it relative to the work direction, the coupling direction skewed R also the overhang of the tooth with the thickening 19 and the heels 20 and 21. This means that the procedure shown in Figures 5-7 it must be used to connect the parts of the system. I in- In the lead stage shown in Figure 5, the tooth 1 is tipped down significantly. more than what corresponds to the coupling direction. This is made so that the lugs 20 and 21 and the thickening 19 should be able to be passed along the upwardly facing limiting surface 6. As can be seen from figure 5, the base surface 13 of the female member 12 has not be too long for this to be possible. Suitable this should end approximately at the level of the grooves of the locking member.

Såsnart honorganet förts in tillräckligt långt över hanorga- net för att klackarna 20,21 och förtjockningen 19 nått fram i höjd med lâsspåret 8, 9 fälls tanden ned i inkopplingsrikt- ningen (fig 6) varefter tanden skjuts på över hanorganet så att kilverkan mellan han- och honorgan och mellan klackar 20, 21 och spår 23, 24 erhålles varefter lâsregel 18 förs in på plats. wAs soon as the female organ is inserted far enough above the male organ, net because the heels 20,21 and the thickening 19 have reached at the height of the locking groove 8, 9, the tooth is folded down in the connection direction. (Fig. 6) after which the tooth is pushed over the male member so that the wedge action between male and female organs and between lugs 20, 21 and grooves 23, 24 are obtained, after which locking latch 18 is inserted on place. w

Claims

D 456 096 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

Wear part systems such as toothed or cutting edge systems for tillage machines of the type excavators, loaders or excavators, rotary = milling cutters and the like, consisting of two or more interconnectable parts (1,2) each having alternative truncated wedge-shaped male or female members (4, 12 ) designed to cooperate with an organ of the opposite type in adjacent parties when connecting adjacent parties (1, 2) and special locking surfaces (8, 9, 16, 17) are designed in each party, which, when adjacent parties are interconnected, with the respective male means (4) fully inserted into the corresponding female means in the other party, together forming an opening or tunnel extending across the connecting direction of the parties in which a locking member (18) bridges the distance between opposite locking surfaces ( 8, 17, 9, 16) and thereby block the displacement of the parties (1. 2) relative to each other, can be inserted, and whereby the contact surfaces (5, 13; 6, 14) between the parties (1, 2) are angled so relative vt system main working direction (A) that on the parties (1, 2) acting pulling forces when the wear part is backed into the worked soil at least partially transferred directly between adjacent contact surfaces (5, 13) in the different parties characterized by that he and female members (4, 12) each have their own cooperating base surfaces (5, 13) with each other, with the parties in interconnected condition, which are parallel to said interconnecting direction (R), each having its second limiting surface (6, 14) which is angled relative to the respective base surface to the actual wedge shape on the respective male and female members and wherein said locking surfaces (8, 17, 9, 16) are arranged across these other limiting surfaces which at the respective female members (12) are designed so that it in a position coupled to the corresponding male means (4) extends with an overhang along the second limiting surface (6) of the male means (4) and past the locking surfaces (8, 9) arranged 456 us ¿2 in the male means (4) beyond which the overhang has a thickening (19) in which the locking surfaces (16, 17) of the female member (12) are formed and which descend into a corresponding depression (7) in the male member while the opposite base surface (13) of the female member (12) does not cover the male member (4). ) longer than to the height of its locking surfaces (8, 9).

Wear part system according to claim 1, characterized in that the overhang of the female member (12) is ultimately terminated by one or more lugs (20, 21) projecting in the direction of the overhang which co-operate with the parties in interconnected condition with corresponding cavities (22, 23) or grooves in the part (2) from which the male member (4) originates.

Wear part system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base surface (13) and other limiting surface (14) of the female member (12) are connected along their more or less edges extending in the direction of interconnection of the parts by means of edge sides or walls (24, 25) which ends outwards along a smooth curve from the lugs (20, 21) of the overhang to at the level of its base surface (13) and wherein there is an opening (28, 29) in the respective side wall of the locking member (18) in the middle of the locking surfaces (8, 17; 9, 16) in the interconnected parties (1, 2).

Wear part system according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the respective male member (4) and the angular difference between its base and other side surface (5, 6) are so selected that the part (1) provided with the female member (12) can be moved in over the male member (4) at an angle substantially different from the direction of interconnection of the parties so that the thickening (19) of the overhang can be passed past the second limiting surface (6) of the male member (4) up to the height of the depression of the male member (4) (7) in order to be lowered there with the thickening (19) in the hollow (7) and with the parties in the coupling direction (R) and in this direction pushed together into a tight abutment between the male and female members (4, 12). and between the lugs (20, 21) of the overhang and the cavities or grooves (22, 23) in the part (2) from which the male member (4) originates. 9 456 096

Wear part system according to claim 4, characterized in that cooperating male and female members and lugs and grooves in the respective parts are designed so that cooperating wedge action is achieved between them when the parties are connected.