SE453592B - COLLOIDAL DISPERSION OR DRIED PRODUCT THEREOF AND SET FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOF - Google Patents
COLLOIDAL DISPERSION OR DRIED PRODUCT THEREOF AND SET FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOFInfo
- Publication number
- SE453592B SE453592B SE8204528A SE8204528A SE453592B SE 453592 B SE453592 B SE 453592B SE 8204528 A SE8204528 A SE 8204528A SE 8204528 A SE8204528 A SE 8204528A SE 453592 B SE453592 B SE 453592B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- oxide
- colloidal
- colloidal dispersion
- particles
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 3
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005363 aluminium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000311 lanthanide oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/0004—Preparation of sols
- B01J13/0047—Preparation of sols containing a metal oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0236—Drying, e.g. preparing a suspension, adding a soluble salt and drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0045—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by a process involving the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. sol-gel or precipitation processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
453 592 Föreningen av elementet ur grupp 3a kan t.ex. vara en förening av en lantanid (sällsynt jordartsmetall) eller en förening av yttrium. 453 592 The compound of the element from group 3a can e.g. be an association of a lanthanide (rare earth metal) or a compound of yttrium.
Termen "lantanid" inkluderar här lantan och lantanid-elementen.The term "lanthanide" as used herein includes the lanthanum and lanthanide elements.
Det antages, men det är inte säkert, att de kglloidala partiklarna av den oorganiska substansen "tar upp" joner (t.ex. anjoner) från föreningen i lösning (dvs verkar som jon-“getter“) och därvid möj- liggör att elementen i grupp 2a eller grupp 3a (t.ex. lantanid) in- korporeras i kolloidal form så att kolloiddispersionen innefattar en blandad sol. Termen “dispergerad“ för föreningen av elementet ur grupp 2a eller grupp 3a kan omfatta sann lösning.It is assumed, but it is not certain, that the kgloid particles of the inorganic substance "takes up" ions (eg anions) from the compound in solution (ie acts as ionic “goats”) and thereby means that the elements of group 2a or group 3a (eg lanthanide) are incorporated in colloidal form so that the colloidal dispersion comprises a mixed sun. The term "dispersed" for the compound of the element from group 2a or group 3a may include true solution.
När förfarandet enligt uppfinningen utföres för framställning av den kolloidala dispersionen, kan en sol av den oorganiska substan- sen och en lösning av föreningen i det vätskeformiga mediet blan- das samman.When the process according to the invention is carried out for the preparation of the colloidal dispersion, a sol of the inorganic substance may and a solution of the compound in the liquid medium mixed with das together.
Alternativt kan de kolloidala partiklarna av den oorganiska substan- sen sättas till en lösning av föreningen i det vätskeformiga mediet.Alternatively, the colloidal particles of the inorganic substance may be then added to a solution of the compound in the liquid medium.
Enligt ytterligare ett alternativ kan föreningen sättas till en sol innefattande kolloidala partiklar av de oorganiska substanserna dis- pergerade i det vätskeformiga mediet.According to another alternative, the compound can be added to a sol comprising colloidal particles of the inorganic substances dis- perged in the liquid medium.
Vid framställning av vissa kemiska produkter, såsom katalysatorer och katalytiska material kan som användbart utgângsmaterial en kol- loidal dispersion användas, innehållande en svârsmält oxid och en inhibitor för korntillväxt så att korntillväxt förhindras i den svârsmälta oxid, som bildas av dispersionen.In the manufacture of certain chemical products, such as catalysts and catalytic materials can, as a useful starting material, a carbon loidal dispersion can be used, containing a refractory oxide and a inhibitor of barley growth so that barley growth is prevented in it refractory oxide formed by the dispersion.
I allmänhet innehåller den kolloidala dispersionen inte en inhibi- tor för korntillväxt som sådan utan en prekursor för denna (t.ex. en substans, som kan ge en inhibitor för korntillväxt vid värmninq).In general, the colloidal dispersion does not contain an inhibitory for barley growth as such without a precursor for it (e.g. a substance which can provide an inhibitor of grain growth when heated).
Uttrycket "inhibitor för korntillväxt" avser i denna beskrivning både en inhibitor för korntillväxt och en prekursor därav.The term "barley growth inhibitor" refers to this specification both an inhibitor of barley growth and a precursor thereof.
Lämpliga kolloidala dispersioner för användning som utgångsmateri- al kan framställas genom att blanda soler av svårsmält oxid och inhibitor för korntillväxt. Det kan emellertid vara svårt och/eller dyrt att framställa både oxid och inhibitor för korntillväxt i form av soler, som är lämpliga att blanda samman för framställning av en stabil blandad kolloidal dispersion. 453 592 Genom förfarandet enligt föreliggande uppfinning kan man undvika att erhålla både oxid och inhibitor för korntillväxt separat i den erforderliga solformen före sammanblandning.Suitable colloidal dispersions for use as starting materials al can be prepared by mixing solids of refractory oxide and inhibitor of barley growth. However, it can be difficult and / or expensive to produce both oxide and inhibitor of barley growth in mold of sols suitable for mixing together for the manufacture of a stable mixed colloidal dispersion. 453 592 By the method of the present invention one can avoid to obtain both oxide and inhibitor of barley growth separately in it required solar form before mixing.
Enligt en föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen innefattar de kolloidala partiklarna av oorganisk substans sålunda kolloidala par- tiklar av en svårsmält oxid och föreningen är en inhibitor för korn- tillväxt så att den kolloidala dispersionen innehåller zvârsmält oxid och inhibitor för korntillväxt för oxiden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they comprise the colloidal particles of inorganic substance thus colloidal particles articles of a difficult-to-digest oxide and the compound is an inhibitor of growth so that the colloidal dispersion contains molten oxide and grain growth inhibitor for the oxide.
Inhibitorn för korntillväxt kan vara ett element i grupp 2a eller grupp 3a (t.ex. en lantanid - sällsynt jordartsmetall - eller ytt- rium).The barley growth inhibitor may be an element of group 2a or group 3a (eg a lanthanide - rare earth metal) or surface rium).
Vid förfarandet enligt föreliggande uppfinning är föreningen före- trädesvis ett salt (t.ex. ett nitrat) och lösningsmedlet är företrä- desvis vatten.In the process of the present invention, the compound is present preferably a salt (eg a nitrate) and the solvent is preferably desvis water.
Exempel på svârsmälta oxider, som kan användas enligt den föredrag- na utföringsformen av uppfinningen, är lantanidoxider (sällsynta jordartsmetalloxider), t.ex. ceriumoxid, zirkoniumoxid, magnesium- oxid, berylliumoxid, toriumoxid, kiseldioxid, aluminiumoxid, titan- oxid, volframoxid och kombinationer därav. Vid framställningen av utgàngsmaterial, lämpliga för framställning av katalysatorer eller av bärare för katalytiska material föredrages att den svàrsmälta oxiden är en oxid av ett element, vars atomnummer inte överskrider 40. Även om vissa element (t.ex. lantaniderna) kan användas enligt fö- religgande uppfinning antingen i form av den svârsmälta oxiden el- ler som inhibitor för korntillväxt, bör i en given kombination den svârsmälta oxiden och inhibitorn för korntillväxt vara olika.Examples of refractory oxides which can be used according to the preferred In the embodiment of the invention, lanthanide oxides are (rare) earth metal oxides), e.g. cerium oxide, zirconia, magnesium oxide, beryllium oxide, thorium oxide, silica, alumina, titanium oxide oxide, tungsten oxide and combinations thereof. In the production of starting materials suitable for the preparation of catalysts or of supports for catalytic materials it is preferred that it be refractory the oxide is an oxide of an element, the atomic number of which does not exceed 40. Although some elements (eg lanthanides) can be used according to religious invention either in the form of the refractory oxide or as an inhibitor of barley growth, in a given combination it should The molten oxide and the inhibitor of barley growth are different.
Enligt en föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen innefattar de kolloidala partiklarna aluminiumoxid, och föreningen är yttrium- nitrat, och det antages, men det är inte säkert. att i detta fall "tar" de kolloidala aluminiumoxidpartiklarna i den kolloidala dis- persionen "upp" nitratjoner (dvs verkar som en nitrat-“getter“) och möjliggör därvid att det yttrium, som är närvarande, inkorpo- reras i en kolloidal form så att den kolloidala dispersionen inne- fattar en blandad sol. 453 592 Kolloidala dispersioner, innehållande aluminiumoxid och yttrium, har framställts enligt föreliggande uppfinning genom dispergering av fina små aluminiumoxidpartiklar med stor ytarea, framställda ge- nom flamhydrolys av en halogenid i vatten för framställning av en sol (enligt den uppfinning, som beskrives i GB-A-1 S67 003), var- efter yttriumnitrat satsas i vattenlösningen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they comprise the colloidal particles alumina, and the compound is yttrium- nitrate, and it is assumed, but it is not certain. that in this case "takes" the colloidal alumina particles in the colloidal dis- persion "up" nitrate ions (ie acts as a nitrate "goats") thereby enabling the yttrium present to incorporate in a colloidal form so that the colloidal dispersion contains takes a mixed sun. 453 592 Colloidal dispersions, containing alumina and yttrium, have been prepared according to the present invention by dispersion of fine small alumina particles with a large surface area, produced by flame hydrolysis of a halide in water to produce a sol (according to the invention described in GB-A-1 S67 003), after yttrium nitrate is charged to the aqueous solution.
L: Flamhydrolys är ett speciellt exempel på en gasfaskondensationsme- tod för framställning av substanser i form av fina små partiklar med stor ytarea, lämpliga för dispergering i ett vätskemedium för framställning av en sol. Det skall framhållas att substanser, fram- ställda med andra gasfaskondensationsmetoder, kan användas enligt föreliggande uppfinning.L: Flame hydrolysis is a particular example of a gas phase condensation method. tod for the production of substances in the form of fine small particles with large surface area, suitable for dispersion in a liquid medium for production of a sun. It should be emphasized that substances, with other gas phase condensation methods, can be used according to present invention.
Med “gasfaskondensationsmetod" förstås ett förfarande, enligt vil- ket en intermediär gasfas bildas. Exempel på gasfaskondensationsme- toder är hydrolys av saltlösningar eller alkoxider, elektronsträle- indunstning och -kondensation, metalloxidation (t.ex. av magnesium) för framställning av en rök, som därefter kondenseras, RF-plasma- uppvärmning."Gas phase condensation method" means a process which, according to an intermediate gas phase is formed. Examples of gas phase condensation methods are hydrolysis of brines or alkoxides, electron beam evaporation and condensation, metal oxidation (eg of magnesium) for the production of a smoke, which is then condensed, RF plasma heating.
Kolloidala dispersioner av aluminiumoxid innehållande upp till 5 vikt-% yttriumoxid (ekvivalent) har framställts enligt uppfinningen.Colloidal dispersions of alumina containing up to 5 % by weight of yttrium oxide (equivalent) has been prepared according to the invention.
Högre koncentrationer av yttriumoxid kan inkorporeras, om så er- fordras.Higher concentrations of yttrium oxide may be incorporated, if required.
Geler, innehållande aluminiumoxid och yttriumoxid, har framställts genom torkning av de kolloidala dispersionerna.Gels, containing alumina and yttria, have been prepared by drying the colloidal dispersions.
Enligt ytterligare en utföringsform av föreliggande uppfinning av- ses ett förfarande för framställning av en blandad gel, som känne- tecknas av att ett vätskeformigt medium försättes med kolloidala partiklar av en genom gasfaskondensation framställd oorganisk sub- stans dispergerade däri, för framställning av en sol, och en för- ening av ett element i grupp 2a eller grupp 3a (t.ex. en lantanid (sällsynt jordartsmetall) eller yttrium) löses däri, så att en kol- loidal dispersion erhålles, varefter denna torkas för framställning av en gel.According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a process for the preparation of a mixed gel, which is characterized is characterized by the addition of a liquid medium with colloidal particles of an inorganic sub-product produced by gas phase condensation dispersed therein, for the production of a sun, and a formation of an element in group 2a or group 3a (eg a lanthanide (rare earth metal) or yttrium) is dissolved therein, so that a carbon loidal dispersion is obtained, after which it is dried for preparation of a gel.
Torkning kan utföras med ett eller flera förfaranden (t.ex. spray- torkning eller bricktorkning). 453 592 Enligt ytterligare en utföringsform av uppfinningen avses ett för- farande för framställning av ett poröst, keramiskt material, vil- ket förfarande kännetecknas av att ett vätskeformigt medium för- sättes medkolloidala partiklar av en oorganisk substans, erhâllen genom gasfaskondensation, som dispergeras däri för framställning av en sol, och en förening av ett element i grupp 2a eller 3a (t.ex. lantanid - sällsynt jordartsmetall - eller yttrium) löses däri, för framställning av en kolloidal dispersion,san torkas för fram- ställning av en gel, som värmes för framställning av ett poröst, keramiskt material.Drying can be performed by one or more methods (eg spraying drying or washer drying). 453 592 According to a further embodiment of the invention, a device process for the production of a porous ceramic material, which This process is characterized in that a liquid medium co-colloidal particles of an inorganic substance are obtained by gas phase condensation, which is dispersed therein to produce a sol, and a compound of an element of group 2a or 3a (e.g. lanthanide - rare earth metal - or yttrium) is dissolved therein, for the preparation of a colloidal dispersion, which is dried for position of a gel, which is heated to produce a porous, ceramic.
Gelpartiklarna av poröst, keramiskt material kan framställas enligt föreliggande uppfinning, t.ex. genom att den kolloidala dispersio- nen formas till droppar före torkning, så att huvudsakligen sfä- riska partiklar erhålles. ' De kolloidala partiklarna är i vissa fall ej nödvändigtvis av svår- smält oxid som sådan utan kan vara en prekursor därav.The gel particles of porous ceramic material can be prepared according to the present invention, e.g. by the colloidal dispersion the mold is formed into droplets before drying, so that mainly risk particles are obtained. ' The colloidal particles are in some cases not necessarily of difficulty. molten oxide as such but may be a precursor thereof.
Enligt ytterligare en utföringsform av uppfinningen avses en kolloi- dal dispersion, framställd genom ett förfarande enligt uppfinningen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, a colloid dal dispersion, prepared by a process according to the invention.
Enligt uppfinningen avses även en blandad gel eller poröst material, framställt genom ett förfarande enligt uppfinningen.According to the invention is also meant a mixed gel or porous material, prepared by a process according to the invention.
Uppfinningen avser även en gel, framställd genom torkning av en kol- loidal dispersion enligt uppfinningen. Även ett poröst, keramiskt material, framställt genom torkning av en kolloidal dispersion en- ligt uppfinningen, för framställning av en gel och efterföljande uppvärmning av gelen faller inom uppfinningens ram.The invention also relates to a gel, prepared by drying a carbon loidal dispersion according to the invention. Also a porous, ceramic material, prepared by drying a colloidal dispersion according to the invention, for the preparation of a gel and subsequently heating of the gel falls within the scope of the invention.
Uppfinningen beskrives nu närmare med följande exempel.The invention will now be described in more detail with the following examples.
Exempel 1_ Finpulvriserad aluminiumoxid (ett kommersiellt tillgängligt alumi- niumoxidpulver framställt genom flamhydrolys) av små partiklar (ca 0,01 pm) och med stor ytarea (ca 100 m2/g) dispergerades i vatten för framställning av en sol, innehållande 160 g/liter aluminiumoxid (Al2O3). Yttriumnitrat löstes i vatten för framställning av en lös- ning innehâllande 170 g/liter yttrium (YZO3)-ekvivalent.Example 1_ Finely powdered alumina (a commercially available alumina nia oxide powder produced by flame hydrolysis) of small particles (approx 0.01 μm) and with a large surface area (about 100 m2 / g) were dispersed in water for the preparation of a sol containing 160 g / liter of alumina (Al2O3). Outer triium nitrate was dissolved in water to prepare a solvent. containing 170 g / liter of yttrium (YZO3) equivalent.
Ovannämnda sol och lösning blandades i proportioner så att en kol- 453 592 loidal dispersion (som kan benämnas en “blandad sol" (mixed so1)) f erhölls, med följande sammansättning: Al2O3:91,S g/1, YZO3-ekviva~ lent:0,46 g/1, N03:0,75 g/1, molförhâllande N03/Al+Y!0,006 (dvs 0,5 vikt-% YZO3/AIZO3). Den kolloidala dispersionen (“blandad sol") visade sig vara stabil. ü,- Exempel 2 Förfarandet enligt exempel 1 upprepades, men proportionerna justera- des så att en kolloidal dispersion innehållande 0,1 vikt-% Y203/ AIZO3 erhölls.The above sol and solution were mixed in proportions so that a carbon 453 592 loidal dispersion (which may be called a "mixed so1") f was obtained, with the following composition: Al2O3: 91, S g / l, YZO3 equivalent ~ yield: 0.46 g / l, NO 3: 0.75 g / l, molar ratio NO 3 / Al + Y 2 0.006 (ie 0.5% by weight YZO3 / AlIO3). The colloidal dispersion ("mixed sun") proved to be stable. ü, - Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, but the proportions were adjusted. so that a colloidal dispersion containing 0.1% by weight of Y 2 O 3 / AIZO3 was obtained.
Exempel 3 Förfarandet enligt exempel 1 upprepades, men proportionerna justera- des så att en kolloidal dispersion med 1 vikt-% YZO3/AIZO3 erhölls.Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, but the proportions were adjusted. was obtained so that a colloidal dispersion with 1% by weight of Y 2 O 3 / Al 2 O 3 was obtained.
Exempel 4 Förfarandet enligt exempel 1 upprepades, men proportionerna justera- des så att en kolloidal dispersion med S vikt-% Y2O3/Al2O3 erhölls.Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, but the proportions were adjusted. was obtained so that a colloidal dispersion with S wt% Y2O3 / Al2O3 was obtained.
Exempel 5 Prov av aluminiumgeler innehållande 0,2 vikt/vikt-% YZO3 framställ- des frân soler, liknande de som framställdes enligt exempel 1-4, och yt- och porositetsegenskaperna bestämdes.Example 5 Samples of aluminum gels containing 0.2% w / w YZO3 prepared from sols, similar to those prepared according to Examples 1-4, and the surface and porosity properties were determined.
Egenskaperna mättes även efter kalcinering 2 timmar i luft vid oli- ka temperaturer.The properties were measured even after calcination for 2 hours in air at ka temperatures.
Resultaten framgår av följande tabell: Kalcinering Specifik ytarea, Totalt porvärde, . °c 2 -1 3 -1 temp SBET/m g V /dm kg 1100 72 0.56 1150 10 1290 << 10 Exempel 6 “f Detta exempel avser beredning av 0,2 vikt-% yttriumoxid - alumi- niumoxidgel. 300 g aluminiumoxidpulver framställt genom flamhydrolys sattes till 1,2 1 0,03 M salpetersyra och omrördes 2 timmar. När aluminiumoxid- 453 592 pulvret dispergerats, tillsattes 2,4 ml av yttriumnitratlösning, innehållande 250 g/l ekvivalent Y2O3.The results are shown in the following table: Calcination Specific surface area, Total pore value, . ° c 2 -1 3 -1 temp SBET / m g V / dm kg 1100 72 0.56 1150 10 1290 << 10 Example 6 F This example relates to the preparation of 0.2% by weight of yttrium oxide - alumina nium oxide gel. 300 g of alumina powder prepared by flame hydrolysis were added 1.2 L of 0.03 M nitric acid and stirred for 2 hours. When alumina 453 592 powder was dispersed, 2.4 ml of yttrium nitrate solution was added, containing 250 g / l equivalent of Y2O3.
Den kolloidala dispersion som därvid bildades, indunstades vid 25°C under 5 dagar och en gel innehållande 93,7 vikt-% oxid erhölls.The colloidal dispersion thus formed was evaporated at 25 ° C for 5 days and a gel containing 93.7% by weight of oxide was obtained.
Exemgel 7 Den gel som framställdes enligt exempel 6 kalcinerades vid 70000 för framställning av ett poröst, keramiskt material. Efter denna kalcinering visade fotomikrografi att 3 mm fragment av oxid hade krympt med mindre än 2% jämfört med den ursprungliga gelen.Example 7 The gel prepared according to Example 6 was calcined at 70,000 for the production of a porous ceramic material. After this calcination showed photomicrography that 3 mm fragments of oxide had shrunk by less than 2% compared to the original gel.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB43435/75A GB1568861A (en) | 1975-10-22 | 1975-10-22 | Catalysts |
| GB4343675 | 1975-10-22 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8204528L SE8204528L (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| SE8204528D0 SE8204528D0 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| SE453592B true SE453592B (en) | 1988-02-15 |
Family
ID=26265146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8204528A SE453592B (en) | 1975-10-22 | 1982-07-30 | COLLOIDAL DISPERSION OR DRIED PRODUCT THEREOF AND SET FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JPS6054100B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU507779B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2647702C2 (en) |
| FR (2) | FR2357304A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1070310B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE453592B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2087250B (en) | 1977-11-01 | 1982-12-08 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Catalyst preparation |
| FR2430924A1 (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-02-08 | Ici Ltd | Hydrocarbon conversion on supported metal catalyst - using porous gel support produced from sol of solid particles |
| DE2830231A1 (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-01-24 | Ici Ltd | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon(s) - using calcined porous gels, made by sol-gel process, as carriers |
| US4251393A (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1981-02-17 | Celanese Corporation | Attrition resistant catalysts |
| JPS56501288A (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1981-09-10 | ||
| DE3200483A1 (en) * | 1982-01-09 | 1983-07-21 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | MOLDED BODIES CONTAINING SILICA, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THEIR USE |
| JPS58186126U (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1983-12-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Engine parts that support catalysts |
| JPS627875A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1987-01-14 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Method for coating fireproof metallic oxide on metal having film of metallic oxide |
| GB8609249D0 (en) * | 1986-04-16 | 1986-05-21 | Alcan Int Ltd | Anodic oxide membrane catalyst support |
| FR2605531B1 (en) * | 1986-10-27 | 1990-11-23 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CATALYST SUPPORT USING XANTHANE GUM AND SUPPORT OBTAINED |
| US5565091A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1996-10-15 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Catalyst composition manufacturing method and sulfur-containing hydrocarbon hydrodesulfurization method using the same catalyst composition |
| KR100297939B1 (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 2001-10-22 | 다께우찌 야스오끼 | METHOD FOR PREPARING CATALYST COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR HYDROGEN SULFURING SULFUR-CONTAINING HYDROCARBONES USING THE SAME |
| FR2720295B1 (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1996-07-12 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Dispersible compound based on a rare earth, colloidal suspension obtained from this compound, their methods of preparation and use in the manufacture of catalysts. |
| AU3923300A (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-16 | Cabot Corporation | Fumed metal oxide comprising catalytic converter |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2435379A (en) | 1943-12-14 | 1948-02-03 | Shell Dev | Preparation of spheroidal catalyst |
| BE509387A (en) | 1951-03-01 | |||
| US3189563A (en) * | 1960-12-01 | 1965-06-15 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Open mesh glass fabric supported catalyst |
| US3714071A (en) | 1970-03-18 | 1973-01-30 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Low density alumina spheres of improved strength at high temperature |
| US3827893A (en) * | 1970-06-12 | 1974-08-06 | Corning Glass Works | Silicate bodies |
| US3676370A (en) * | 1970-08-31 | 1972-07-11 | Ethyl Corp | Neodymium oxide-barium oxide catalyst composition |
| GB1490977A (en) * | 1973-12-10 | 1977-11-09 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Catalysts |
| DE2329389A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-02 | Hoechst Ag | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2-AEHTYLPYRIDINE |
| FR2240049A2 (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-03-07 | Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand | Catalyst body formation from a metallic base - by coating a metal with an aluminide, alumina and catalyst |
| FR2253561A2 (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-07-04 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Catalyst esp. for automobile exhaust gas purificn. - dispersed on carrier using ionic bombardment process |
| AU500079B2 (en) * | 1973-12-10 | 1979-05-10 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | High temperature stable catalyst |
-
1976
- 1976-10-21 FR FR7631787A patent/FR2357304A1/en active Granted
- 1976-10-21 AU AU18882/76A patent/AU507779B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-10-21 IT IT69542/76A patent/IT1070310B/en active
- 1976-10-21 DE DE2647702A patent/DE2647702C2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-22 JP JP51127141A patent/JPS6054100B2/en not_active Expired
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1979
- 1979-04-17 FR FR7909618A patent/FR2413122B1/en not_active Expired
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1982
- 1982-07-30 SE SE8204528A patent/SE453592B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6054100B2 (en) | 1985-11-28 |
| FR2413122A1 (en) | 1979-07-27 |
| IT1070310B (en) | 1985-03-29 |
| DE2647702A1 (en) | 1977-04-28 |
| AU1888276A (en) | 1978-04-27 |
| FR2413122B1 (en) | 1986-04-18 |
| SE8204528L (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| DE2647702C2 (en) | 1987-01-29 |
| SE8204528D0 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| AU507779B2 (en) | 1980-02-28 |
| FR2357304A1 (en) | 1978-02-03 |
| FR2357304B1 (en) | 1981-06-12 |
| JPS5252887A (en) | 1977-04-28 |
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