SE453097B - Tar-impoverished combustible gas prodn. - Google Patents
Tar-impoverished combustible gas prodn.Info
- Publication number
- SE453097B SE453097B SE8405113A SE8405113A SE453097B SE 453097 B SE453097 B SE 453097B SE 8405113 A SE8405113 A SE 8405113A SE 8405113 A SE8405113 A SE 8405113A SE 453097 B SE453097 B SE 453097B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- biomass
- reactor
- gas
- tar
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/08—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form
- C10B49/10—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
453 097 reaktorschaktet med kalken som katalysator, och träkolet efter avskiljning återförs till rosten för att vidmakthålla förbränning därstädes. 453 097 the reactor shaft with the lime as catalyst, and the charcoal after separation is returned to the grate to maintain incineration there.
Enligt ett fördelaktigt utföringsexempel av uppfinning- en anpassas tillförseln av biomassa så, att energin i det från toppen av reaktorschaktet till reaktorbädden kontinu- erligt återförda träkolet är tillräckligt för kontinuerlig drift av den fluidiserande bädden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, one adjusts the supply of biomass so that the energy in it from the top of the reactor shaft to the reactor bed continuously honestly returned charcoal is enough for continuous operation of the fluidized bed.
Enligt ytterligare ett fördelaktigt utföringsexempel av uppfinningen utgörs kalkstenen av dolomit.According to a further advantageous embodiment of According to the invention, the limestone is dolomite.
Uppfinningen skall i det följande närmare förklaras med ihänvisníng till den bifogade ritningen, som schematiskt vi- sar ett vertikalsnitt genom en anläggning för genomförande av förfarandet.The invention will be explained in more detail below reference to the accompanying drawing, which schematically shows s a vertical section through a plant for implementation of the procedure.
Anläggningen omfattar en förrådsbehållare 10 för bio- massa, som kan utgöras av sopavfall, bark, flis eller torv, vilka råvaror har malts till sågspånsstorlek. Biomassan förs via en mataranordning 11, en ventil 12 och ett inert- gasskyddat inlopp 13 till ett reaktorschakt 14. Detta är vid nedre änden försett med en genombruten rost 15 och därunder ett aggregat 16 för inblåsning av luft i schaktet samt ett utlopp 17 för förbränningsrester och förbrukat bäddmaterial.The plant comprises a storage container 10 for bio- pulp, which may consist of waste, bark, wood chips or peat, which raw materials have been ground to sawdust size. Biomass fed via a feed device 11, a valve 12 and an inert gas-protected inlet 13 to a reactor shaft 14. This is at the lower end provided with a perforated grate 15 and below which is a unit 16 for blowing air into the shaft and an outlet 17 for incineration residues and spent bed material.
En behållare 18 för färskt bäddmaterial mynnar via en rörledning 18a i reaktorväggen. En cyklonavskiljare 19 är anordnad vid reaktorschaktets 14 topp, vilken avskiljare är anordnad att separera bäddmaterial och andra fasta partik- lar, vilka strömmar upp genom reaktorschaktet. Dessa fasta partiklar återförs till rosten 15 via en nedåtriktad retur- ledning 20. Gaserna leds i motsatt riktning från cyklonav- skiljaren 19 till en värmeväxlare 21, vilken bildar luft- förvärmare för den luft som blåses in via aggregatet 16 vid nedre delen av reaktorschaktet 14. De genom värmeväxlaren 21 kylda gaserna avgår genom en rörledning 22.A container 18 for fresh bed material opens via a pipeline 18a in the reactor wall. A cyclone separator 19 is arranged at the top of the reactor shaft 14, which separator is arranged to separate bed materials and other solid particles lar, which flow up through the reactor shaft. These fast particles are returned to the grate 15 via a downward return line 20. The gases are led in the opposite direction from the cyclone separator 19 to a heat exchanger 21, which forms air preheater for the air blown in via the unit 16 at lower part of the reactor shaft 14. Those through the heat exchanger 21 the cooled gases depart through a pipeline 22.
I rektorschaktet 14 drivs en cirkulerande fluidiserande bädd, varvid det genom förbränning upphettade bäddmaterial- et består dels av inert material och dels av kornformig, bränd kalksten, vilket förs uppåt i reaktorschaktet av den 455 097 vid dess nedre del inblåsta luften. De fasta partiklarna och gaserna separeras så, att bäddmaterialet och övriga partiklar återförs till botten av den fluidiserande bädden.A circulating fluidizing fluid is driven in the principal shaft 14 bed, the bed material heated by combustion it consists partly of inert material and partly of granular, burnt limestone, which is carried upwards in the reactor shaft by it 455 097 at its lower part blown air. The solid particles and the gases are separated so that the bed material and the others particles are returned to the bottom of the fluidized bed.
Vid processen tillförs således pulverformig biomassa, som från inloppet 13 i reaktorschaktet 14 förs uppåt i detta av den uppåtgående strömmen. Strömningsförhällandena är så anpassade i schaktet, att biomassan inte antänds, utan pyrolyseras. De återstående resterna av biomassan utgöres av kol och aska och eventuella sandföroreningar.Thus, powdery biomass is added to the process, which from the inlet 13 in the reactor shaft 14 is led upwards in this of the upward current. The flow conditions are so adapted in the shaft that the biomass does not ignite, but pyrolyzed. The remaining residues of the biomass consists of coal and ash and any sand contaminants.
Cyklonavskiljaren 19 separerar dessa partiklar tillsam- mans med bäddmaterialet. Träkolet kommer att antändas, när det når rosten 15 vid schaktets 14 botten och förbrännas i den undre delen av reaktorn direkt ovanför luftinsläppet och under inloppet 13 för biomassa. Detta ger en kontrolle- rad överföring av värme till den färskinmatade biomassan.The cyclone separator 19 separates these particles together. man with the bed material. The charcoal will ignite, when it reaches the grate 15 at the bottom of the shaft 14 and is burned in the lower part of the reactor directly above the air inlet and under the inlet 13 for biomass. This provides a control row transfer of heat to the freshly fed biomass.
Energin i träkolet är tillräcklig, för att täcka den fluid- iserande bäddens värmebehov, om fuktighetshalten hos den tillförda biomassan håller sig inom tillåtna gränser.The energy in the charcoal is sufficient to cover the fluid the heat demand of the freezing bed, about the moisture content of it added biomass stays within permissible limits.
Den kornformiga, kalcinerade kalkstenen verkar som katalysator för den genom pyrolysen, vid reaktorschaktets 14 mellanparti, bildade pyrolystjärängan. Härvid bryts de långa molekylerna i pyrolystjäran successivt ned till gas i en hetrogen katalytisk reaktion med kalkstenen på vägen upp mot den vid reaktorschaktets topp belägna cyklonavskiljaren 19. Kalcinerad dolomitkalksten har visat sig vara en speci- ellt effektiv katalysator i detta sammanhang med nästan total nedbrytning av pyrolystjäran.The granular, calcined limestone seems like catalyst for it by the pyrolysis, at the reactor shaft 14 intermediate part, formed the pyrolysis star meadow. In doing so, they are broken the long molecules in the pyrolysis star gradually descend to gas in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction with the limestone on the way up towards the cyclone separator located at the top of the reactor shaft 19. Calcined dolomite limestone has been shown to be a efficient catalyst in this context with almost total degradation of the pyrolysis star.
Den i cyklonavskiljaren avseparerade, tjärfattiga gasen kan avvattnas vid passeringen genom värmeväxlaren 21 eller i en senare kondenseringsanläggning om den erhållna gasen ska transporteras i kallt tillstånd för att användas för uppvärmning eller efter ytterligare rening som kemisk rå- vara. Värmeväxlaren 21 är på känt sätt försedd med intag 23 för luft, rörledning 24 till aggregatet 16 samt in- och utlopp 25 resp. 26 för kylvatten.The gas-poor gas separated in the cyclone separator can be dewatered during the passage through the heat exchanger 21 or in a later condensing plant about the obtained gas must be transported in a cold state to be used for heating or after further purification as a chemical raw material be. The heat exchanger 21 is provided with an intake 23 in a known manner for air, pipeline 24 to the unit 16 and in- and outlet 25 resp. 26 for cooling water.
Den i processen använda kalkstenen förbrukas inte ke- miskt, men utsätts för mekaniskt slitage under cirkulation- en i anläggningen och kommer därvid att pulveriseras, lik- 453 097 som även inert bäddmaterial. Ny kalksten och nytt inert ma- terial måste därför tillföras den fluidiserande bädden från behållaren 18. Förbrukat pulverformigt bäddmaterial avgår genom utloppet 17 och förs via en skruvtransportör 27 till en behållare 28.The limestone used in the process is not consumed mechanically, but is subject to mechanical wear during circulation one in the plant and will thereby be pulverized, similar to 453 097 as well as inert bed material. New limestone and new inert material material must therefore be supplied to the fluidized bed from the container 18. Spent powdered bedding material is disposed of through the outlet 17 and is fed via a screw conveyor 27 to a container 28.
Den ovan beskrivna anläggningen är värmeisolerad på konventionellt sätt, vilket ej framgår av ritningen.The system described above is thermally insulated conventional way, which is not shown in the drawing.
Uppfinningen är ej begränsad till den ovan beskrivna anläggningen, utan flera varianter är tänkbara inom ramen för de efterföljande kraven. Exempelvis kan den från cy- klonavskiljaren 19 avgående gasen genomgå ytterligare stoftavskiljning.The invention is not limited to the one described above the plant, but several variants are conceivable within the framework for the subsequent requirements. For example, it can be the outgoing gas clone separator 19 undergoes further dust separation.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405113A SE453097B (en) | 1984-10-12 | 1984-10-12 | Tar-impoverished combustible gas prodn. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405113A SE453097B (en) | 1984-10-12 | 1984-10-12 | Tar-impoverished combustible gas prodn. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8405113D0 SE8405113D0 (en) | 1984-10-12 |
| SE8405113L SE8405113L (en) | 1986-04-13 |
| SE453097B true SE453097B (en) | 1988-01-11 |
Family
ID=20357334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405113A SE453097B (en) | 1984-10-12 | 1984-10-12 | Tar-impoverished combustible gas prodn. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE453097B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989004354A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-18 | Dansk Termo Industri A/S | Method and apparatus for production of a gas from a comminuted biological waste material |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE470469B (en) | 1992-09-17 | 1994-05-02 | Studsvik Radwaste Ab | Process and apparatus for processing solid, organic, sulfur-containing waste, especially ion-exchange pulp, from nuclear facilities |
-
1984
- 1984-10-12 SE SE8405113A patent/SE453097B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989004354A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-18 | Dansk Termo Industri A/S | Method and apparatus for production of a gas from a comminuted biological waste material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8405113L (en) | 1986-04-13 |
| SE8405113D0 (en) | 1984-10-12 |
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