SE422408B - COSMETIC COMPOSITION INTENDED TO BE USED FOR THE DEGRADED TREATMENT AND USED BY THE COMPOSITION - Google Patents

Description

'7306871-0 factors such as sun and especially seawater.

In order to give degraded hair more strength and elasticity and at the same time improve the general appearance of the hair, various treatments have been proposed with the help of very varied compositions.

In particular, treatment of hairs with the aid of protein-based compositions, especially those based on protein hydrolysates, has been proposed.

For the same purpose, the use of compositions containing certain cationic polymers has also been proposed.

These different types of previously known compositions have indeed been found to have certain properties, which are beneficial for the hair keratin, and in particular ensure a good protection against the latter. treatments using chemical agents such as those used in permanent bleaching, bleaching and dyeing procedures.

After extensive work, it has been surprisingly recently found that in the treatment of hair and especially degraded hair, using certain cosmetic compositions containing a mixture of at least one cationic copolymer and at least one non-toxic salt of a divalent metal, it is possible, while ensuring the protection of the hair, to give it an excellent mechanical strength, durability of the hair when it is subjected to an elongation of 15% (designated Il5), which property is of great importance in hair cosmetology, somewhat which it has not been possible to achieve in an equally striking way with previously known compositions.

The present invention thus relates to new cosmetic compositions for the treatment of hair, in particular degraded hair, in order to strengthen its mechanical durability. These compositions are characterized in that they are in the form of clear and homogeneous solutions and in a suitable cosmetic carrier contain at least one cationic polymer and preferably several tertiary amino group or quaternary ammonium groups, and at least one non-toxic salt of a divalent metal which is soluble in water or in hydroalcoholic solutions 50/50.

The hair thus treated with the compositions according to the invention has, in addition to excellent mechanical durability, quite remarkable purely cosmetic properties and is particularly pleasant to the touch, has good elasticity and a shiny appearance.

Later hair extensions performed after the treatment also have an excellent durability, whereby the hair is soft and has beautiful curls.

The cationic polymers useful in the invention belong to a well-known class of compounds, and by the term "cationic polymers" is generally meant polymers which, in their main chain or in substituted form, have tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium groups.

The cationic polymers useful in the invention have an average molecular weight of between about 1,000 and 2,000,000.

Among the cationic polymers which can be used according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of the following polymers: 1. Quaternary derivatives of certain cellulose ethers, e.g. the polymer formed by the reaction of a hydroxyethylcellulose (having a degree of substitution with respect to hydroxyethyl groups) and the product of the reaction between 0.7 moles of epichlorohydrin and 0.7 moles of trimethylamine per unit of substituted anhydroglycosity, the polymer having a average molecular weight of 200,000-230,000.

The hydroxyethylcellulose is composed of units of hydroxyethylated anhydroglucose with varying degrees of hydroxyethylation. This substance is prepared by the reaction of alkaline cellulose with ethylene oxide.

The degree of substitution with respect to quaternary nitrogen groups should be sufficient to give the polymer of substituted hydroxyethylcellulose a molecular weight of between 2,000 and 3 million.

The cellulose ether derivatives preferably used for the preparation of the above-mentioned quaternary ammonium group-substituted polymers include those which are water-soluble, non-ionic and substituted with a short chain alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group.

Such derivatives are methyl, ethyl and hydroxyethylcellulose.

One such: quaternized derivative that can be used in the compositions of the invention is the commercial product "JR-II" or "JR-Ä00", which is marketed by Union Carbide.

This polymer has a molecular weight of 100,000 to 1,000,000.

Sähnakv fl ternäräcellulose ether derivatives are described in particular in French: U.S. Pat. No. 1,492,597. Quaternary copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and another vinyl monomer which can be copolymerized. These copolymers can be written with the following formula: f __ .. '' 1 f T .en fa h. _ '(= 0) y .v 0_ 4 I' R2'N (Rz> z '"u + x_ 1.' 7 .. in which n is 20 to 99 mol%, m is 1 to 80 mol%, p is 0 to 50 mol% and n + m + p = 100, y = 1 or 0, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents the group CH2-OH-CH2 or CXHÉX, where x = 2 to 13, H3 represents an OH CH3-, CEH5- or t-butyl group, Ru represents a CH2-, CQH5- or (:::> - CH 2 group, X represents a Cl, Br or I atom, an SO 4, HSO 4 or CH 3 SO 3 group and M represents a monomer unit obtained in the heteropolymerization with an optional copolymerizable vinyl monomer.

These quaternary copolymers are prepared by copolymerization between N-vinyl-pyrrolidone and di-lower-alkyl-amino-alkyl (or hydroxyalkyl) -acrylate (or methacrylate) and optionally another copolymerizable vinyl monomer. If the molar base is added to 100%, the vinyl-pyrrolidone units are 20 to 99%, the units derived from di-lower-alkyl-amino-alkyl (or hydroxyalkyl) -acrylate (or methacrylate) are between 1 and 80% and the units derived from the second copolymerizable vinyl monomer are between 0 and 50%. The molecular weights of these copolymers are usually between 15,000 and 1,000,000 and especially between 50,000 and 500,000.

Examples of polymers of this type are the copolymers known under the commercial name GAFQUA 734 and 755 marketed by GAF (the average molecular weight is for GAFQUA 754 from about 100,000 and for GAFQUA 755 greater than 1,000,000). Copolymers obtained by polyaddition or polycondensation between piperazine or derivatives thereof and bifunctional compounds such as alkyl dihalides, dihalogenated derivatives, bis-halohydrins, bis-epoxides, epihalohydrins such as epichlorohydrin, bis-unsaturated derivatives such as divinyl sulfonone, unsaturated , diacids or also diisocyanates or formaldehyde.

These copolymers can be described by the formula: - A - Z - A - Z - A - Z in which A represents a group having two secondary amino functions, and in particular the group __ N __ and Z represents the symbol B or B '; B and B ', which may be the same or different, denote a divalent group which may be an alkylene group having a straight or branched carbon chain, which contains up to 6 carbon atoms in the main chain and which may additionally contain oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur atom: one to three aromatic or heterocyclic rings; the oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms may be in the form of ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfon, sulfonium, amino, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, urea, alcohol , ester and / or urethane groups.

These copolymers usually have an average molecular weight of between 1,000 and 15,000.

Among these polymers, mention may be made in particular of that obtained by polycondensation of piperazine and epichlorohydrin. This polymer has an average molecular weight of 1,500 to 3,000.

Such copolymers are described in Luxembourg Patent 64,371. 4. CABTONIC CAPITAL LIMERS of starch such as those which can be described by the following formula: Bl xon- Re in which X is starch, R is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group and R1 and Re represent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group Such copolymers are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,813,093 and 3,186,911. Copolymers obtained by copolymerization of 43 to 1% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 54 to 25% by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and 12 to 52% by weight of octadecyl methacrylate.

These copolymers can be used in the form of base or equaternized or also in crosslinked form. These copolymers typically have an average molecular weight of between about 10,000 and 1,500,000.

According to the invention, the concentration of cationic copolymer is usually between 0.2 and 25%, preferably between 0.5 and 12% with respect to the total weight of the composition.

As stated above, in addition to cationic copolymer, the cosmetic compositions of the invention contain at least one non-toxic salt of a divalent metal which is soluble in water or in hydroalcoholic solutions 50/50.

The non-toxic salt of a divalent metal is a salt of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, strontium, zinc or cadmium.

Among the non-toxic salts of divalent metals which are useful according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of carbonates, silicates, nitrates, acetates, gluconates, pantothenates and lactates of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, strontium, zinc and cadmium.

The concentration of these salts of divalent metals in the compositions of the invention is usually between about 0.005 ne. 7306871-0 and 0.05 mol per gram of cationic copolymer, but is preferably about 0.01 mol.

The various comparative tests carried out have unequivocally shown that the presence of at least one salt of a divalent metal is necessary to obtain completely significant results in strengthening the mechanical durability of hair.

The exact mechanism of action of these salts of such metals has not yet been explained, for it depends on a number of factors. Nevertheless, the studies are being completed, which should lead to a better knowledge of their course of action.

According to the invention, the cosmetic compositions may be in various forms, in particular in the form of an aqueous, alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution, of an aliphatic alcohol such as ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, or in the form of a cream, gel, emulsion or also in in the form of spray or aerosol foam. The pH of the compositions according to the invention is usually between 3 and 9, preferably between 6 and 4.

According to a particular embodiment, the compositions according to the invention are in the form of aqueous, alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions and constitute hair-laying liquids.

In this embodiment, the concentration of cationic copolymer is usually between 1 and 3%.

In addition to cationic copolymer, the composition in this embodiment may contain other cosmetic resins in a concentration between 0.2 and 1%. These include, in particular: polyvinylpyrrolidone having a molecular weight between 10,000 and 70,000; copolymers polyvinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate 70: 30% and 30: 70% (ethanol 1% 25-50); copolymers of vinyl acetate and an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as crotonic acid (molecular weight 20,000); copolymers obtained by copolymerization of vinyl acetate (75-85%), crotonic acid (5-15%) and an acrylic ester, methacrylic ester (5-15%) or a vinyl alkyl ether (5-15%); copolymers obtained by copolymerization of vinyl acetate (63-88%), crotonic acid (5-15%) and (a) a vinyl ester of a long carbon chain containing 10-22 carbon atoms, or (b) an allyl or metal ethyl ester of an acid mw long carbon chain, containing 10-22 carbon atoms; copolymers obtained by copolymerization between an ester of an unsaturated alcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and a saturated carbon carbon with a short carbon chain containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms (65-80%), an unsaturated acid with a short carbon chain containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms (7 to 12 %) and at least one ester of a saturated alcohol with a long carbon chain containing 8-18 carbon atoms and an unsaturated acid with a short carbon chain containing 4-12 carbon atoms (10-20%); and copolymers obtained by polymerizing at least one unsaturated ester and at least one unsaturated acid.

These compositions in the form of an alcoholic aqueous solution or hydroalcoholic solution may likewise be mixed with a suitable amount of propellant condensed under pressure, such as dichlorodifluoromethane or trichlorofluoromethane and mixtures thereof, and thus may be sprays or aerosol foams for hair.

In a variant of the invention, the cosmetic compositions may contain, in addition to cationic copolymer and non-toxic salt of divalent metal, a detergent and constitute a shampooing agent.

The detergents useful in this type of composition may be anionic, non-ionic, cationic or amphoteric detergents. Among anionic detergents, there may be mentioned in particular: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl polyether sulphates, alkyl sulphonates (alkyl groups having 8 to 18 carbon atoms), fatty acid soaps, monosulfosuccinates of fatty alcohols, products of condensation of fatty acids with isethionic acid, products of condensation of fatty acids with methyltaurine, products of condensation of fatty acids with sarcosine, products of condensation of fatty acids with a hydrolyzate of proteins.

Among cationic detergents, mention may be made in particular of long-chain quaternary ammonium salts, esters of fatty acids and amino alcohols and polyetheramines.

These nonionic detergents include in particular: esters of polyols and sugars, products of condensation of ethylene oxide with fatty acids, with fatty alcohols, with long-chain alkylphenols, with long-chain mercaptans, with long-chain amides, polyethers of polyhydroxy fatty alcohols, and among amphoteric detergents may be mentioned in particular: asparagine derivatives, products of condensation of monochloroacetic acid with imidazolines and alkylaminopropionates.

In these compositions in the form of shampooing agents the detergent concentration is usually between 5 and 50% and the concentration of cationic copolymer is between 3 and 25% with respect to the total weight of the composition, the proportion of non-toxic metal of divalent metal in this embodiment being identical to that of previously specified.

The concentration of cationic copolymer in this embodiment is higher than when the composition is in the form of a lotion, since the hair rinses immediately after application, which reduces the time the cationic copolymer is in contact with the hair.

In another embodiment, in addition to cationic copolymer and non-toxic salt of divalent metal, the compositions of the invention may contain 1 to 10% by weight of one, preferably several, natural amino acid or protein hydrolyzate.

Among the natural amino acids which can be used in this particular embodiment, mention may be made in particular of the following amino acids: glycocoll, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, serine and alanine. These amino acids are natural amino acids, which are found combined in the form of polypeptides in such substances as collagen or certain keratin substances.

By protein hydrolyzate is meant products obtained by hydrolysis of collagen (or gelatin) or certain keratin substances such as horns, nails, hair, etc. or other protein substances such as casein and albumins.

In this particular embodiment, the protein hydrolyzates have an average molecular weight of less than 10,000 and preferably less than 2,000.

As previously stated, these hydrolysates are obtained by hydrolysis of collagen, the main source of which is skins, bones and certain animal tissues.

The first hydrolysis step of collagen leads to the formation of gelatin, which is a low molecular weight protein. By more vigorous hydrolysis of gelatin, especially with the aid of sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid, the protein hydrolysates are obtained. It should be noted that in some cases hydrolysis of collagen can be performed using certain enzymes. The protein hydrolysates may also be derived from hydrolysis of certain keratinous substances, and this hydrolysis is carried out, as for collagen, with the aid of sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid, but at generally lower temperatures, especially with sodium hydroxide, in order to avoid degradation of certain sulfur-containing amino acids. and cystine, which are constituents of keratin.

The compositions of the invention may likewise contain all the ingredients customary in cosmetics such as thickeners (alkanolamides of fatty acids, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, esters of long chain polyols, natural rubber), preservatives such as methyl parahydroxybenzoate or propyl, dyes and perfumes.

The invention also relates to a process for treating hair, in particular degraded hair, in order to improve its mechanical properties, in particular its strength.

This method is mainly characterized by applying to the hair a sufficient amount of a composition according to the invention, 7506871-0 defined in the foregoing.

When the composition according to the invention is in the form of a shampooing agent, the application is followed by rinsing with water, after which the hair is dried.

When the composition according to the invention is in the form of a hair-laying agent, the hair is wound up after the application of the composition on hair rollers, and dried by external heat supply. Once the rollers have been removed, you get excellent curls according to this hair-laying procedure, and the hair is supple, shiny and pleasant to the touch.

The invention is further elucidated by means of the following special embodiments but is not limited to these.

Example 1 A hair-laying liquid is prepared according to the invention by mixing the following ingredients: Polymers obtained by polycondensation of piperazine and epichlorohydrin (molecular weight 2,000) 2 g Copolymer polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate 60 / NO quality K. (ethanol solution 1%) 30-50 0.5 g Calcium acetate 1.2 g Ethyl alcohol 20 g Perfume 0.1 g Water to 100 g The pH of this liquid is 8.7. This lotion is applied to degraded hair, which has undergone several bleaching and perming.

After washing the hair with shampoo and rinsing, apply the above lotion for a few minutes, after which the hair is rolled up on hair rollers and dried under a drying hood at a temperature between no and 60 ° C.

After drying, the rollers are removed, and it is found that the hair has a beautiful curl, is more shiny and more elastic than before.

In this example, the amount of calcium acetate can be advantageously replaced by the corresponding molar quantity of Fe (II) acetate.

Example 2 A gel is prepared according to the invention for the treatment of degraded here by mixing the following ingredients: 50% ethanol solution of GAFQUA 734, sold by GAF (Quaternary Sample Polymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone, average molecular weight 100,000) Calcium or acetate ) (hydroxyethylcellulose) 1.25 g r 7306871-o 10 Dyes 0.2 g Water to 100 g pH value for this composition: 8. After washing and drying hair, which has previously undergone a number of permanentings and dyes, the above-mentioned gel and impregnates the hair well. This treatment restores the hair a natural look and it becomes more pleasant to the touch, more shiny and much more elastic.

If in the previous example the calcium acetate is replaced with the corresponding molar quantity of zinc or cadmium acetate, the exact result is obtained, i.e. a general improvement in the mechanical properties of the hair.

Example 3 According to the invention there is provided a lotion for treating degraded herein by mixing the following ingredients: 50% ethanol solution of GAF0UAfE) 734, sold by GAF (kW fi2 mn Copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone, average molecular weight 100,000) 2.5 g Protein hydrolyzate g of collagen g Calcium gluconate 3 g Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 0.1 g Water to 100 g pH of this composition: 7.6. After washing the hair with a shampoo, rinse it, then apply the lotion for a few minutes on the bleached hair. Then dry the hair after possibly putting it on. It is found after this treatment that the hair has regained its natural appearance, is more shiny, more pleasant to the touch and much more elastic than before.

In the previous example, it is advantageous to replace the calcium gluconate with the corresponding molar quantity of calcium lactate or calcium pantothenate and thus obtain the same effect.

Example 4 According to the invention there is provided a hair-laying liquid for the treatment of degraded hair by mixing the following ingredients: Polymers obtained by polycondensation of piperazine and epichlorohydrin (molecular weight 2,000) 0.5 g Glyco-carbon 5 g Manganese acetate 1.8 g Water-soluble perfume 0.1 gp - propyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.3 g 7306871400 ll Cetylstearyl alcohol oxyethylenated using 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol 0.3 g Water to 100 g pH for this composition: 6.7. This lotion is applied to degraded hair, which has undergone numerous bleaches.

After washing the hair with a conventional shampoo and then rinsing it, apply the above lotion for 5-10 minutes, after which the hair is rolled up on hair curlers (15-25 mm) and dried under a drying hood at a temperature of 35-45 ° C.

After drying, the curlers are removed and you thus get an excellent hair arrangement, whereby the hair has a beautiful Weighing and is comfortable to touch. It is also less fragile.

Example 5 According to the invention, a hair-laying liquid for the treatment of hair, which has been greatly degraded by chemical treatments, is obtained by mixing the following ingredients: Quaternary derivative of cellulose ethers (known under the trade name "JH - 400" and sold by Union Carbide) 1 g Glyco carbon 5 g Strontium acetate 2.5 g Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride 0.5 gp - methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.5 g Water-soluble perfume 0.2 g Ethyl alcohol 10 g Dyes 0.1 g Water to 100 g pH for this composition: 5.9. This lotion applied under the same conditions as in the previous example gives an excellent hairline, whereby the hair becomes soft and comfortable to touch.

Example 6 According to the invention there is provided a treatment gel for strengthening degraded hair by mixing the following ingredients: 50% ethanol solution of GAFpUAd§D'734 sold by GAF fl waternear copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone, average molecular weight 100,000) 5 g Protein hydrolyzol hydrolyzate Magnesium silicate 1.5 E 2 i. 1 - '7306871-0 12 p-methyl-parahydroxybenzoate 0.5 g Water-soluble perfume _0.2 g Water to 100 g pH for this composition: 7.1. After washing and rinsing the bleached hair, apply a sufficient amount of the composition as above for complete impregnation of the hair, and leave it on for about 5 to 10 minutes. Then rinse the hair with water and dry it after possibly rolling it on spools.

Through this treatment you get new hair with a very good look, which shows all the physical properties of natural hair, which has not previously undergone any degrading treatment.

Example 7 According to the invention there is provided an emulsion for treating hair which has been degraded by numerous bleaches by mixing the following ingredients: Cetylstearyl alcohol 3.3 g Lanolin alcohol oxyethylenated with the aid of 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol 0.7 g of 20% aqueous solution of GAFQUAfÉ) 755 sold by GAF (quaternary: copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone, average molecular weight greater than 1,000,000) 1 g 4 Protein hydrolyzates obtained by total hydrolysis of collagen 5 g Wheat germ oil lg Calcium gluconate Ä, 5 g p-methyl g 0.2 g Water to 100 g pH for this composition: 5.6. This emulsion applied under the same conditions as in Example 6 likewise leads to an excellent improvement of the hair. Such a result is also obtained when in the composition as above the calcium gluconate is replaced with the corresponding molar quantity of magnesium or zinc lactate.

Example 8 According to the invention there is provided a shampooing agent for the treatment of degraded hair by mixing the following ingredients: Lauryl sulphate of triethanolamide 7 g of 20% aqueous solution of GAFOUAlEv'T55 15 g Protein hydrolyzate obtained by total hydrolysis of collagen 3 g 7306871-0 Calcium acetate 2 to 100 g pH value for this composition: 7. Apply this shampoo to degraded hair and leave for about 5 to 10 minutes, then rinse with water and dry the hair and possibly roll it up on hair-laying curlers. You thus get hair, which has all the properties of natural hair.

In the composition as above, it is advantageous to replace the calcium acetate with the corresponding molar quantity of calcium nitrate.

Example 9 The invention provides a gel for treating degraded hair by mixing the following ingredients: Quaternary copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 43% methyl methacrylate, 14% octadecyl methacrylate and 43% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate crosslinked with diethylene glycol methacrylate and quadratic arylate sulfate.

(Molecular weight: 1,200,000) 2.5 g Calcium acetate 1.6 g Hydroxyethylcellulose 1.25 g Dyes 0.2 g Water to 100 g pH for this composition: 6. After washing and rinsing hair, which has undergone several permanentings and dyes, apply crazy as above, impregnating the hair well. This treatment restores the hair a natural look, and the hair becomes more comfortable to touch, more shiny and much more elastic.

Example 10 A lotion is prepared for the treatment of degraded hair by mixing the following ingredients: 50% ethanol solution of GAFQUAT 75M Egg cadmium acetate 4 g Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 0.1 g Water to 100 g After washing hair degraded by previous treatments (permanent creams and dyes), rinse it, after which apply the lotion for a few minutes. Then you dry your hair. It is noted that the mechanical strength of the hair before improved after this treatment. 7306871-0 lä Example II A treatment lotion is prepared by mixing the following ingredients: 50% ethanol solution of GAFQUAT <:) 73H EG Zinc sulphate EG Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.2 g water to 100 g Degraded hair is washed by previous treatments, after which you rinse it off and apply the lotion for a few minutes. Then you dry your hair. A strengthening of the mechanical properties of the hair thus treated is noted. låšåægâërååå Lotion: Cationic starch polymer, Catostarch 0.5 å (described in Example 1 of U.S. Patent No. 5,186,911 Ethanol 9 E Stearyl dimethylammonium chloride 1.8 E Formaldehyde 0.5 S Calcium acetate 0.3 E Water to 100 g Example 13.

Lotion: Catostarch 0, 5 å Urea 2 g Formaldehyde 0.5 8 Calcium acetate 0.8 S Hydrochloric acid to PH 7 Water to 100 g Example lä.

Lotion: Polymer of piperazine -N, N'-bis-chloroacetylethylenediamine (described in Example 10 of the Luxembourg patent 64371 1 E Calcium acetate 1.5 å Ethanol 20 å Perfume 0.1 E Water to 100 g

Claims (15)

15 7306871-0 PATENT REQUIREMENTS _ 1. A cosmetic composition intended for use in the treatment of degraded hair, in the form of a clear and homogeneous solution, which in admixture with a customary feature of the presence of a liquid cosmetic material contains: a) at least one cationic polymer; comprising tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium groups selected from the group consisting of: cellulose ethers substituted with quaternary ammonium groups, quaternary copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and di-lower alkyl-amino-alkyl (or hydroxyalkyl) acrylate (or methacrylate) and optionally also another copolymerizable vinyl monomer, copolymers obtained by polyaddition or polycondensation between piperazine and bifunctional compounds, in particular epihalohydrins, cationic polymers of starch and copolymers obtained by copolymerization of 43 to 16% by weight of dimethyl methacrylate, 54-25% by weight of dimethyl methacrylate. methacrylate and 12-52% by weight of octadecyl methacrylate; and at least one non-toxic salt of a divalent metal which is soluble in water or in hydroalcoholic solutions 50/50, the cationic polymer having an average molecular weight between about 1000 and 2,000,000, the cosmetic composition containing the cationic polymer in a concentration between 0 , 2 and 25%, preferably between 0.5 and 12% with respect to the total weight of the composition, the non-toxic salt of a divalent metal is a salt of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, strontium, zinc or cadmium, and the composition contains between (L005mol and 0.05nml salt per gram of the cationic polymer. A composition according to claim 1, that the non-toxic salt of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, strontium, zinc or cadmium is a carbonate, silicate, nitrate, acetate, gluconate, pantothenate or lactate. 3. n a d in that the cosmetic carrier material is an aqueous, alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution, a cream, a gel or an emulsion. 4. t e c k n a d of its pH value being between 3 and 9. Composition according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it additionally contains a cosmetic resin b) characterized by Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized - Composition according to any one of claims 1-5, feel - in a concentration between 0.2 and 1%. .vzbes 11-o,? 5 6. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein it further contains a pressurized propellant such as dichlorodifluoromethane or trichlorofluoromethane and mixtures thereof, and is a spray or aerosol foam. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further contains an anionic, nonionic cationic or amphoteric detergent, and constitutes a shampooing agent. 8. A composition according to claim 7, characterized in that the proportion of detergent is between 5 and 50% and the proportion of cationic copolymer between 3 and 25% with respect to the total weight of the composition. 0 Composition according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it also contains 1 to 10% of at least one and preferably several amino acids or protein hydrolyzate. 10. A composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the amino acids are natural amino acids such as glycocoll, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, serine and alanine. 11. ll. Composition according to either of Claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the protein hydrolyzates have an average molecular weight which is less than 10,000 and preferably less than 20,000. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it also contains customary ingredients in cosmetics, such as thickeners, preservatives, colorants and perfumes. Use of a cosmetic composition according to claim 1, for the treatment of degraded hair in order to improve its mechanical durability, characterized in that a sufficient amount of a composition present in the form of a clear and homogeneous application is applied to the hair. solution containing in admixture with a conventional cosmetic carrier material a) at least one cationic polymer comprising tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium groups selected from the group consisting of: cellulose ethers substituted with quaternary ammonium groups, quaternary copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and di-lower alkyl-amino-alkyl (or hydroxyalkyl) -acrylate (or methacrylate) and optionally also another copolymerizable vinyl monomer, copolymers obtained by polyaddition or "polycondensation between piperazine and bifunctional compounds, in particular epihalohydrins, cationic polymers of starch and copolymers obtained by copolymerization of 43 to 16% by weight of the metal yl methacrylate, 54-25% by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and 12-52% by weight of octadecyl methacrylate; and b) at least one non-toxic salt of a divalent metal, which is soluble in water or in hydroalcoholic solutions 50/50, the cationic polymer having an average molecular weight between about 1000 and 2,000,000, the the cosmetic composition contains the cationic polymer in a concentration between 0.2 and 25%, preferably between 0.5 and 12% with respect to the total weight of the composition, the non-toxic salt of a divalent metal is a salt of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron , strontium, zinc or cadmium, and the composition contains between 0.005 mol and 0.05 mol of salt per gram of the cationic polymer. Use according to claim 13, characterized in that, after applying the composition, the hair is rinsed and dried. Use according to claim 13, characterized in that, after applying the composition, the hair is rolled up on hair rollers and the hair is dried by the application of heat. REQUIRED PUBLICATIONS: Sweden patent applications 4,577 / 70, 15,511 / 72 France 2,077,417 (A61K 7/00)